This bachelor thesis compare and contrast the recent development of automatic drumlin mapping. Historically, in Sweden and worldwide, drumlin mapping have been conducted manually using in field query, orthography or visual examinations of LIDAR data. The drumlin extraction analyst uses concentric contours to extract and quantify drumlin like features from LIDAR data. This mapping method and similar automatic and semi-automatic procedures have shown promising results. Here, the use of the drumlin extraction analyst is double. First it is evaluated as an automatic mapping method, the first known automatic mapping procedure applied on the Västerbotten landscape. Secondly, its fully automatic process with limited selections made within the script makes it appropriate to use as an evaluator of the drumlinization of the Västerbotten landscape. The main hypothesis is that the automatically extracted drumlins will only deviate significantly by size and parameters corresponding to size compared to the expert manual mappings of the area. This would, according to the author, indicate that chance plays a major role within the enquiry of these automatic methods. Test results from the Västerbotten landscape show that the automatic mapping have an accuracy of 4% when comparing these with expert mappings. About 200 drumlin like features previously undiscovered are found. When taking these into the consideration the accuracy increases to about 20%. Assuming the drumlin extraction analyst is highly capable of mapping every knob in the landscape, these results indicate that the chance of extracting drumlins from the glacial landscape should not be neglected.

In a city with fast growth and development, this project aims to embody the resources of its origin and nurturing vein, Umeälv, and project its movements into the future. Through the tools of an architecture that promotes and envisions timber constructions this project searches for cues methods and composition of the traditional timber buildings in the region in conjunction of an age of prefabrication. / I en stad med snabb tillväxt och utveckling, syftar det här projektet till att förkroppsliga resurserna kring dess ursprung och näringsådra, Umeälven, samt projicera dess möjligheter in i framtiden. Genom verktyg för en arkitektur som främjar träkonstruktioner söker detta projekt efter ledtrådar metoder och sammansättning av de traditionella trähusen i regionen i samband med en tid av prefabricering.

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Pits and mounds in pebble: A study of archaeological remains in ancient pebble beaches inthe county of Västerbotten. Pits (Sw. boplatsgropar) and mounds (Sw. boplatsvallar) in ancient pebble beaches are two types of archaeological remains that are common under the highest coastline in the county of Västerbotten, Sweden. Although common, knowledge of these archaeological remains is limited. Organic materials left in pebble formations rapidly break down and degrade due to high exposure to moisture and weather, making dating by traditional archaeological methods such as 14C or dendrochronology impossible. The data for this study consists of two parts. One part has been collected through field surveys by the author and the other part is collected from National Heritage Board´s database of archaeological sites (Sw. Riksantikvarieämbetets kulturmiljöregister). The result of this study suggests that the majority of smaller pits and mounds in ancient pebble beaches have been used for storage and that larger pits and mounds are big enough to have functioned as foundations for simple dwellings. It also suggests there is some spatial coherence between the type of archaeological remains known as hut foundations (Sw.tomtningar) and pits in ancient pebble beaches. Albeit this coherence is slight and may be a coincidence. Furthermore, the study suggests there is a spatial coherence between quartz and quartzite handled by humans and pits in ancient pebble beaches that is not a coincidence. Suggestively, some pits in ancient pebble beaches that can be found today have been made and used in prehistoric times, by people who used quartz and quartzite in their daily lives.

Syftet med denna studie är att identifiera politiska ideologier och se hur de påverkar diskussioner och beslutsfattande relaterade till vårdgarantin i region Västerbotten. Frågeställningarna som studien utgår ifrån är: - Vilka politiska ideologier går att identifiera i debatten om vårdgarantin i regionfullmäktige Västerbotten? - Hur ser diskussionen och beslutsfattande ut angående vårdgarantin i regionfullmäktige Västerbotten? Studien har genomförts i from av en idéanalys med beskrivande inslag och analysen är genomförd med idealtyper som analysverktyg. Materialet som använts till studien har utgjorts av motioner, frågor och interpellationer från regionfullmäktige i region Västerbotten under perioden 2019-02-26 till 2022-11-29. Resultatet visar på att oppositionen i regionfullmäktige för den främsta diskussionen och beslutsfattande bland interpellationerna, frågorna och motionerna. Kategorier som framgick under insamlandet av materialet var vårdplatser, vårdköer och väntetider och tillgänglighet. Av dessa var tillgänglighet den mest diskuterade kategorin med Moderaterna som mest aktivast parti med en sammanslagning av interpellationer, frågor och motioner på 13st. Den ideologi som tolkades förekomma mer utöver de andra ideologierna var modern liberalism.

The aim of this thesis is to investigate which type of society could supply the resources required to construct the cairn monuments along the coastal regions of Västerbotten during the Bronze Age. The study is centered on a cluster of cairns within the parishes of Bygdeå, Nysätra and Lövånger, situated at elevations between 31-52 meters above today’s sea level. Through analyses and calculations of the cairns themselves and their proximity to stone quarrying materials, the volume of each cairn within the chosen cluster has been used to evaluate how long it took these monument builders to complete the construction of the cairns. The workforce required is shown to heavily depend on the size of the cairn and its location from the stone material. Theoretically some cairns could have been constructed in just a few days, whereas some took significantly more time to construct. The indicated social types capable of providing the necessary resources were found to be avariation of nomadic band and/or semi-sedentary tribal communities composed of extended families. Powerful cheiftains and societies with greater resources weren’t necessarily found to be a requirement. The procurement of food and other resources varied and over time the economic foundations gradually shifted from a mainly hunting and fishing reliance to embracing cultivation and animal husbandry.

Working with images as a primary tool for analysis and design, the thesis explores how a photographic archive can help create contemporary architecture that relates and builds upon precedence. The work of Swedish documentary photographer and writer Sune Jonsson (1930-2009) has been a corner stone in this project. In his work from the 1950s and -60s, Jonsson documents rural northern Sweden, undergoing vast changes due to depopulation. By dissecting the (photographic) work of Sune Jonsson, I have tried to discern architectural qualities in the photos with the purpose of implementing them into new buildings. The site is in Djupsjönäs, about 50 kilometers southwest of Umeå, where a collection of buildings is added that could house classes as well as permanent dwelling for 4 – 5 households. The buildings include workshops, a gallery, a library, a common house with dorms, a sauna, and some other practical facilities.

The technology behind self-driving trucks in currently under development for deployment on public road. The objective of this study is to explore and understand the number of industries that could be reached by self-driving trucks with the limits of Västerbottens current road network.  The effect from implementing self-driving trucks is an emerging research field. We do not understand to what extent the physical infrastructure affect which industries may be able to use self-driving trucks since there is a lack of exploration and research within the scientific literature.  The thesis has been conducted by a literature study, interviews, and a spatial analysis. The spatial analysis examined the potential for self-driving trucks to access industries depending on what road infrastructure self-driving trucks are assumed to be able to operate. The number of industries that self-driving trucks can access was calculated for four different subsets of the road networks: The European highway network, National highway network, Functional priority road network and roads with driving lane with over 5m. This resulted in the conclusion that the European highway network had the lowest number of industries within the search radiuses, a considerate amount of all industries (49%) was still within a 1 km radius. The road type “Driving lane with over 5m” having a clear majority of the industries with a total of 94% of the industries within a 1 km radius.  The findings of this study suggest that self-driving trucks which are capable of operating only at a limited part of the road network still potentially could be used for a relatively large number of industrial freight transport flows in Västerbotten. This could indicate that self-driving trucks with a limited operating design domain could address a substantial share of the freight transport market.

Place, culture, identity: A critical discourse analysis of media representations in Västerbotten The aim of this thesis is to analyse how representations in newspaper media constructs and reconstructs conceptions of place, culture and identity in the county of Västerbotten located in northern Sweden. The study is based on 26 different newspaper articles from two local agencies located in Västerbotten, Folkbladet and Västerbottens-kuriren. Adopting the method Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), this paper explores how differentiation is made through the use of language and how media divides and represents different characteristics as symbolic of the municipality Umeå, the hinterland (inlandet) and the county of Västerbotten. Even though the study shows that there are multiple different opinions regarding the "true" culture and identitity of the different spaces, the study reveals the presence of a political neoliberal agenda that aims to redefine the locals idea of culture in the different communities for marketing purposes. It is found that media representations are influenced by a political attempt to present the geographical spaces as a part of a new and exotic cultural centre in Europe, wherefor the articles reflect an ongoing conflict of definition between locals and politicians in Västerbotten.

In March of 2017, Northvolt announced at a press conference in Skellefteå that they had received the green light on their factory Northvolt Ett, a lithium-ion battery factory running on 100 per cent renewable energy. The industrial establishment has meant a great increase in population and a consequent increase in demand for housing and services. Skellefteå kommun (municipality), located along the Baltic Sea coast, has had a long history of population- and demographic decline. Northvolt is the first among many similar industrial strides in Northern Sweden (Norrland) promoted by the provincial government, the state, and the European Union. The establishment of Northvolt is part of a larger vision for the entirety of Norrland, a move towards reindustrialisation and urbanisation - all in the name of sustainable development. This thesis aims to examine the role of spatial visions in policy within the multilevel governance system in the matter of urbanisation and green industrialisation. A study into the prevailing discourse into the development in Norrland and Skellefteå in light of historical and realistic conditions through a thorough theoretical- and empirical investigation into what the establishment of a large employer entails for the local community. Through a qualitative content analysis of seven policy documents from all levels of governance; transnational, state, region, and municipality, accompanied by a set of four interviews with local municipal politicians this thesis will test the two hypotheses formulated to be accepted or rejected: I. Policy documents on supra-municipal level are not in line with local, realistic-, and historical conditions for Norrland, II. The current discourse does not highlight the contingent risks the large-scale industrial investment means for the local community The performed study shows that the green reindustrialisation in Norrland, as promoted by the Swedish government and the European Union, is one of the most ambitious visions for the future in modern day. The conclusion is that there is a disconnect between visions on municipal and supra-municipal level, in addition there is no sense of risk in the development at hand. / I mars 2017 meddelade Northvolt vid en presskonferens i Skellefteå att de fått grönt ljus på sin fabrik Northvolt Ett, en toppmodern litiumjonbatteri-fabrik som drivs på 100 procent förnybar energi. Industrietableringen har inneburit en stor befolkningsökning och en därav ökad efterfrågan på bostäder och tjänster. Skellefteå kommun har en lång historia av befolknings- och demografisk nedgång. Etableringen av Northvolt är den första av många liknande industriella framsteg i Norrland som främjas av regionen, staten och EU. Northvolt är en del av en större vision för hela Norrland, ett steg mot återindustrialisering och urbanisering – allt i hållbar utvecklings tecken. Denna uppsats syftar till att undersöka hur geografiska visioner ger sig tillkänna i policy inom flernivåstyrningssystemet i fråga om urbanisering och grön industrialisering. Genom en studie av den rådande diskursen kring utvecklingen i Norrland och Skellefteå i ljuset av historiska och realistiska förhållanden genom en grundlig teoretisk- och empirisk undersökning av vad etableringen av en stor arbetsgivare innebär för lokalsamhället. Genom en kvalitativ innehållsanalys av sju policydokument från alla styrelsenivåer; transnationella, staten, regionen och kommunen tillsammans med fyra intervjuer med politiker på kommunal nivå kommer denna uppsats att testa de två hypoteser som formulerats att antingen accepteras eller förkastas: I. Policydokument på överkommunal nivå är inte i linje med lokala, realistiska och historiska förutsättningar för Norrland, II. Den aktuella diskursen belyser inte de betingade riskerna de storskaliga industriella investeringarna innebär för lokalsamhället. Den genomförda studien visar att den gröna återindustrialiseringen av landsbygden i norra Sverige, som främjas av den svenska regeringen och EU, är en av de mest ambitiösa framtidsvisionerna i modern tid. Slutsatsen är att det råder en viss skillnad mellan visionen på kommunal- och överkommunal nivå, dessutom finns det ingen risk medvetenhet i den aktuella utvecklingen.