Background Haemodilution and hypothermia induce coagulopathy separately, but their combined effect on coagulation has not been widely studied. Fibrinogen concentrate can correct dilutional coagulopathy and has an additional effect when combined with factor XIII concentrate. However, their effect on dilutional coagulopathy concomitant with hypothermia has not been studied previously. Free oscillation rheometry – FOR (Reorox®) – is a novel viscoelastic haemostatic assay that has not been studied in this context before. Methods Blood from 10 healthy volunteers was diluted by 33% with hydroxyethyl starch or Ringer’s acetate solutions. Effects of fibrinogen added in vitro with and without factor XIII were studied at 33°C and 37°C. Coagulation velocity (coagulation time) and clot strength (elasticity) were assessed with FOR. Coagulation was initiated in vitro with thromboplastin alone, or thromboplastin plus a platelet inhibitor. Results Hydroxyethyl starch increased the coagulation time and decreased clot strength significantly more than Ringer’s acetate solution, both in the presence and absence of a platelet inhibitor. There was a significant interaction between haemodilution with hydroxyethyl starch and hypothermia, resulting in increased coagulation time. After addition of fibrinogen, coagulation time shortened and elasticity increased, with the exception of fibrinogen-dependent clot strength (i.e., elasticity in the presence of a platelet inhibitor) after hydroxyethyl starch haemodilution. Factor XIII had an additional effect with fibrinogen on fibrinogen-dependent clot strength in blood diluted with Ringer’s acetate solution. Hypothermia did not influence any of the coagulation factor effects. Conclusions Both haemodilution and mild hypothermia impaired coagulation. Coagulopathy was more pronounced after haemodilution with hydroxyethyl starch than with Ringer’s acetate. Addition of fibrinogen with factor XIII was unable to reverse hydroxyethyl starch induced clot instability, but improved coagulation in blood diluted with Ringer’s acetate solution. Fibrinogen improved coagulation irrespective of hypothermia. / <p>Funding Agencies|Region Skane (Sweden)||CSL Beehring||</p>

Thèse--Lille. / Bibliography: p. 334-340.

Issus d’une dynastie de maîtres maçons et d’architectes établis à Dreux vers 1500-1516, les frères Louis et Clément Métézeau sont des architectes français actifs de la fin du XVIe siècle à la première moitié du XVIIe. La carrière du premier, Louis (vers 1563 ?-1615), essentiellement parisienne, se confond avec le règne d’Henri IV et se prolonge jusqu’en 1615 sous la régence de Marie de Médicis. En 1594, il fut chargé de superviser tous les chantiers royaux et fut, à ce titre, un des principaux acteurs de la reconstruction et de la modernisation du royaume. Son frère cadet, Clément (1581-1652), suivit ses traces : un temps au service des ducs de Lorraine et de Nevers, il revint en France où il devint à partir de 1615 un des architectes et ingénieurs ordinaires du roi Louis XIII puis de son frère Gaston d’Orléans. Il répondit aussi à de nombreuses commandes privées, tant civiles que religieuses, mais c’est la digue de La Rochelle qui fit sa renommée.A partir de documents d’archives inédits et d’une iconographie plus riche qu’on pourrait imaginer a priori, cette thèse restitue et réévalue les carrières méconnues de ces deux architectes. Une lecture critique des sources inédites rétablit la chronologie de chacune de leurs œuvres et s’attache à répondre aux problèmes récurrents d’attribution. Elle met aussi l’accent sur la polyvalence de ces artistes qu’elle replace au sein même de la communauté artistique parisienne de l’époque. Elle tente enfin de définir, pour chacun, un style architectural mis en regard avec la production des « ancêtres » de la dynastie, puis avec celle de leurs confrères. / Born into a dynasty of builders and architects settled in Dreux around 1500-1516, the brothers Louis and Clément Métézeau are French architects of the end of the sixteenth century and the first half of the seventeenth century. The career of the elder, Louis (ca. 1563?-1615), essentially concentrated around Paris, parallels with the reign of Henri IV and continues until 1615 under the regency of Marie de Médicis. In 1594, he was chosen to supervise all the royal building sites. He was one of the major actors of the reconstruction and the modernisation of the kingdom. His younger brother, Clément (1581-1652), followed his example. After working for the dukes of Lorraine and Nevers, he came back to France where he became in 1615 one of the ordinary architects and engineers of the king Louis XIII and his brother Gaston d’Orléans. He carried on several private projects, both civil and religious, but he became famous with his dike of La Rochelle.Using unpublished archive documents, this dissertation revives the unknown careers of both of these architects. A critical reading of the sources provides us with a new chronology of their works and tries to answer the numerous questions concerning their works, especially the recurrent issues of the attribution of their buildings.

La presente tesis analiza la formación y el funcionamiento de la red de poder del virrey marqués de Castelfuerte, durante su periodo de gobierno (1724-1736). El mandato del vicesoberano fue parte del primer intento de reformas planteadas a los territorios americanos. Estas trataron de reactivar el comercio transatlántico y mejorar la recaudación fiscal. Para lograr dichos objetivos fue vital la participación de los criados y familiares del virrey dentro de la corte limeña. Justamente, las operaciones de los socios y miembros del séquito virreinal fueron de vital importancia para la gestión política del virrey. Por ello, el objetivo principal de esta tesis es estudiar la creación y fortaleza de los lazos comerciales y sociales de los miembros de la red de poder del virrey que los unieron, así como, el impacto político positivo que generaron para la gestión del virrey. Estos lazos se lograron estudiar a partir del análisis exhaustivo de los protocolos notariales y el seguimiento de los miembros de esta red a través de las actas de matrimonios y bautizos. De tal manera, se logra evidenciar la importancia de las relaciones sociales y económicas como herramienta política del vicesoberano para la consolidación de la agenda virreinal y de su fortuna personal. / Tesis

Orientador: Fatima Regina Rodrigues Evora / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T11:55:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ferreira_AnselmoTadeu_D.pdf: 1351790 bytes, checksum: ccccb93ac5f97890d6a78b0f7302be6a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: Esta tese tem como objeto o Comentário de Tomás de Aquino aos Segundos Analíticos de Aristóteles (Expositio libri Posteriorum). O objetivo é fazer uma apresentação do texto, mostrando como Tomás articula os temas principais do trabalho aristotélico, utilizando o método da divisão literal (divisiones litterae), em que o texto é dividido e comentado linha por linha. De propósito principalmente didático, o texto é dividido por Tomás em 5 grandes partes, nas quais também se divide nosso trabalho. Na primeira parte, introdutória ao comentário propriamente dito, há uma reflexão geral sobre a lógica; na segunda parte, uma caracterização do silogismo demonstrativo, que é o silogismo que produz ciência ou conhecimento científico; na terceira parte, a determinação sobre o silogismo demonstrativo, na qual se examinam os seus elementos constitutivos, isto é, que o silogismo demonstrativo se constitui de princípios universais, próprios, necessários e por si; em seguida, examinam-se os elementos a partir dos quais a conclusão é obtida, isto é, o mediador e os princípios indemonstráveis, sendo que essas duas partes são o tema do livro II dos Segundos Analíticos. A partir da exposição de Tomás, podemos ver surgir a sua concepção a respeito da ciência, como conhecimento causal, verdadeiro e necessário, construído a partir de premissas verdadeiras, primeiras e imediatas em si mesmas e anteriores, mais conhecidas e causas em relação à conclusão. Por meio de tal processo meticuloso de construção silogística, ele acredita que podemos obter conhecimento não apenas formalmente verdadeiro, mas verdadeiro também quanto à realidade cognoscível, o que está em perfeito acordo com o realismo do autor do Comentário / Abstract: The subject matter of this thesis is Thomas Aquinas. Commentary on Aristotle's Posterior Analytics. It aims to realize a presentation of the text, showing the way as Aquinas articulates the main themes of the Aristotelian work. To do this, he uses the method of literal division (divisiones litterae), in which the text is divided and the commentary progress line by line. The purpose of Aquinas. commentary is especially didactic, and in its main articulations, he divides the text in five parts: 1) a general reflection on the nature of logic; 2) characterization of the demonstrative syllogism as a syllogism that produces science; 3) examination of the constitutive elements of the demonstrative syllogism, that is, its principles must be universal, necessary, proper and per se; next, in the book II, he examines the elements from which the conclusion of the syllogism is grasped, that is: 4) the medium of the demonstration and 5) the indemonstrable and immediate principles. From this presentation, we can see what is Aquinas. conception of science or scientific knowledge as causal, true and necessary, obtained by a syllogistic procedure in which the premises are true, frist and immediate in themselves and more knowable, anterior and causes in respect to the conclusion. By means of this meticulous procedure, we are able, according to Aquinas, to gain true knowledge, not only formally but truly in its relation to reality itself, what harmonizes with the realism professed by the author of the Commentary / Doutorado / Historia da Filosofia Medieval / Doutor em Filosofia

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T16:17:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Catarina Stacciarini Seraphin.pdf: 678136 bytes, checksum: 3415a622cfd7072b6f770b4b7351cb07 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-01-11 / This research intends to analyze sexuality inserted in the medical discourse of the thirteenth century, by the analysis of two important medical works assigned to the Portuguese physician Peter of Spain (1210 1277): the recipe book Thesaurus pauperum, written probably in the second half of the thirteenth century when the physician composed the papal curia and the Questiones super Viaticum, a medical commentary on the Viaticum of Ibn al Jazz&#257;r, translated and adapted by Constantine the African composed possibly in the period in which he taught in the Medical School of the University of Siena (1245-1250). During this period, sexuality permeated different fields of knowledge, integrating not only the medical discourse, but also the religious one, a discourse that had greater visibility. Thus, there was a duality concerning sexuality and its practices, that were on one hand repressed and controlled by a normative religious literature, and on the other hand were valued as important components in maintaining the health by the medical literature. This medical works still presented a discussion concerning the diseases related to sexuality, in other words, those that affect in some way the sexual practices or that present them as treatment. By the analysis of this works is possible to notice that the medical discourse diverges to some extent from the religious one, presenting a wider debate in relation to the theme, reiterating the relation among health and sexuality. / Esta dissertação tem por objetivo analisar a sexualidade inserida no discurso médico do século XIII, por meio da análise de duas importantes obras médicas atribuídas ao físico português Pedro Hispano (1210 1277): o receituário Thesaurus pauperum, escrito provavelmente na segunda metade do século XIII quando o físico compunha a cúria pontifícia e o Questiones super Viaticum, um comentário da escolástica médica sobre o Viaticum de Ibn al Jazz&#257;r, traduzido e adaptado por Constantino, o Africano, composto possivelmente no período de mestre na Faculdade de Medicina, na Universidade de Siena (1245-1250). Neste período, a sexualidade permeava diferentes áreas de saber, integrando não somente o discurso médico, mas também o religioso, discurso este que possuía maior visibilidade. Assim, existia uma dualidade no que diz respeito à sexualidade e suas práticas, que eram, por um lado, reprimidas e condenadas por uma literatura normativa religiosa e, por outro lado, eram valorizadas como importantes componentes na manutenção da saúde corporal na literatura médica. Essas obras médicas apresentavam ainda uma discussão concernente às enfermidades relacionadas à sexualidade, ou seja, aquelas que afetam de alguma maneira as práticas sexuais ou que as apresentam como terapêutica. Pela análise dessas obras percebe-se que o discurso médico diverge em certa medida do religioso, apresentando um debate mais amplo em relação ao tema, reiterando as relações entre saúde e sexualidade.

This thesis investigates the level of focus a player is displaying while playing a role-playing game. The thesis tries to answer the questions if the level of focus is different while a player is watching an event scene versus during gameplay and if there is a difference in the level of focus displayed by new players versus experience ones. To answer this question a playtest was performed in the role-playing game Final Fantasy XIII and the player’s reaction was recorded and documented. The result suggests that the level of focus a player is displaying is lower during event scenes than during gameplay.

Aquest tesi doctoral es presenta com una aportació dins de l'activitat d'investigadora corresponent a la història de l'art valencià. Gràcies a l'anal'tica i l'estudi en profunditat de la documentació es pretén recuperar un buit historiogràfic, especialment dels pintors, però també d'altres artífexs i les seues obres, dintre del marc històric de la València dels segles XIII al XV. Per la qual cosa, i en primer lloc, hem recollit les fonts d'informació publicades, fent una exhaustiva revisió de les mateixes per a extraure aquells documents publicats, a més d'exhumar nombrosos documents inèdits per desenvolupar aquesta investigació sobre els pintors valencians i altres artífex, gràcies a lo qual hem pogut realitzar un discurs sobre l'activitat artística, social i particular de tots ells, resultant poder dispondre d'una nombrosa quantitat de fitxes d'artífexs, amb la sua documentació, per a futures investigacions. / Mocholi Roselló, A. (2010). Estudi dels documents dels pintors i altres artífexs valencians. Segles XIII, XIV i XV (1238-1450) [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/8606 / Palancia

This thesis analyses speeches by Charles XIII of Sweden to the Assembly of the Estates from 1809 to 1818, showing how Charles legitimised himself, the new regime he represented and his two successors, Charles August, and Charles John. The legitimisation focuses on the rhetorical meaning that Charles chronologically gives to the key concepts he utilises in independence, citizens, and freedom and how this relates to the periods before his rule. The thesis shows that independence was the key concept of Charles’ legitimisation as he constructed a myth around the Coup d’état of 1809, why it was needed and why the new ruling system and constitution he represented was legitimate. This was also connected to the concept of citizens and freedom, where Charles acknowledges and recognises that citizens have the authority to decide the nation’s future freely, and to uphold the freedom that belonged to their ancestors. Charles's role as king was to protect the nation's independence and the authority and freedom of its citizens. Charles presented contrasting images for the two successors, with Charles August not needing or having much legitimisation due to his early demise and lack of action being legitimised as a promise for a better future. For Charles John, his legitimisation comes in two forms: he would continue the example of a constitutional monarch that Charles had shown and as a warrior king who, through his military actions, deserved the throne more than any before him. The thesis concludes by showing that Charles legitimised his power as king by embracing the constitutional monarchy, expressing that he and Charles John would protect the independence and freedom of the Swedish citizens and their authority guaranteed by the constitution.

This is a study on crowns, wreaths and diadems as role symbols in Peter Paul Rubens’s 24 paintings for Marie de’Medici in Paris, 1622 – 1625. In these paintings, historic facts are shown with the addition of mythological gods and their symbols giving allegorical scenes, where sometimes also Christian symbols or subjects can be traced. A reader of these painted motifs therefore can choose to see the symbols as regal, Christian or mythological. The crown and the wreaths rarely present a challenge in modern interpretations, but the magnificent diadem does. Rubens chooses this diadem for higher goddesses, and for the queen a couple of times too. For some reason, this symbol is mostly misread in analyses. At this point in history, the crowns and the wreaths have been collected from divine spheres and turned into physical objects on earth used by the high and mighty. The large diadem has not; it is still only a symbol on a goddess. If and when put on a human in a portrait, the symbol gives the lady the abilities and characters of a goddess. Rubens uses his own design when turning this symbol into a physical picture;it is a high, pointed diadem with pearls and coloured gems set in gold. He has used it on goddesses both before and after the Medici commission. Today, we have seen numerous spectacular headpieces like this from late 18th century an onwards, wherefore it is an easy mistake to believe that Rubens copied what he saw instead of, as he actually did, foreboding a coming fashion. In addition to confirming this, I also suggest that it is the highest goddess Juno queen Marie is personifying. Juno is mostly known today as a goddess for women and childbirth. But she had far more masculine tasks in earlier days: she was seen as the saviour of the country and a special counsellor of the state. These two important roles are exactly what Marie de’ Medici took on when acting as regent for her young son, Louis XIII,after the murder of her husband, the late Henry IV. By putting Juno’s diadem on Marie’s head, when sitting on a throne, the divine abilities are manifested according to how a historic period could be transferred to the allegorical language in a painting at the time.