Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka om kuratorer verksamma på ett skyddat boende är utsatta för etisk stress i sitt vardagliga arbete. Studiens empiri samlades in genom kvalitativa intervjuer med fyra kuratorer från ett skyddat boende i en mellanstor stad i Sverige. För att analysera empirin genomfördes en tematisk analys och sedan användes en utvecklad variant av Karasek och Theorells (1990) krav-, kontroll- och stödmodell för att synliggöra etisk stress. Resultatet visade att kuratorerna i det skyddade boendet ofta står inför etiska dilemman och att handlingsutrymmet för att hantera situationer som uppstår i arbetet är stundtals begränsat. Etisk stress visade sig vara förekommande men stödet inom verksamheten identifierades ha stor betydelse för att kuratorerna inte upplever att de påverkas negativt av stressen. För framtida forskning finns ett behov av att undersöka etisk stress inom andra verksamheter, framförallt inom socialtjänsten. Det finns även anledning att fortsätta studera verksamheten skyddat boende då detta är ett område som nästan helt saknar forskning. / The purpose of the study is to explore whether ethical stress occurs among counsellors within a sheltered accomodation. The empirical data of the study was collected through qualitative interviews with four counsellors from a sheltered accommodation in a medium-sized city in Sweden. To analyze the empirical data, a thematic analysis was carried out and then a developed version of Karasek and Theorell's (1990) demand, control and support model was used to identify ethical stress. The results showed that the counsellors in the sheltered accommodation often face ethical dilemmas and that they sometimes have low control to handle situations that arise at work. Ethical stress proved to be present, but the support within the organisation was identified as being of great importance so that the counsellors do not experience that they are negatively affected by the stress. For future research, there is a need to investigate ethical stress in other organisations, especially in social services. There is also aneed to continue studying the work at sheltered accomodations as this is an area that lack sresearch.

I Sverige ökar stressrelaterade diagnoser kopplade till utbrändhet, och forskning från andra länder visar att anställda inom ideella organisationer upplever hög stress. Det existerar få svenska studier som undersöker arbetsrelaterad stress hos anställda i ideella organisationer. Studiens syfte var därför att undersöka arbetsrelaterad stress och dess samband med kön, ålder samt dimensionerna i Job-demand-control-social-support modellen hos ideellt anställda, samt undersöka om faktorerna kunde förklara variationen i arbetsrelaterad stress. Enkäter för att mäta dimensionerna samlades in från totalt 148 deltagare, varav 120 kvinnor. Analysen visade samband mellan arbetsrelaterad stress och dimensionerna krav, kontroll och socialt stöd, samt att krav och socialt stöd förklarade 48% av variationen i arbetsrelaterad stress. Detta indikerar både på likheter och skillnader mellan anställda i ideella organisationer i Sverige och utomlands. Resultatet visar att anställda på ideella organisationer behöver undersökas mer för att skapa förståelse för förutsättningar och utmaningar, både jämfört med andra sektorer och andra länder. / In Sweden, stress-related diagnoses linked to burnout are increasing, and research from other countries shows that employees in non-profit organizations experience high levels of stress. There are only a few Swedish studies examining work-related stress among employees in non-profit organizations. The purpose of the study was therefore to examine work-related stress and its relationship with gender, age, and the dimensions of the Job-demand-control-social-support model in this group, and to investigate to what extent these factors could explain variation in work-related stress. Questionnaires to measure the dimensions were collected from a total of 148 participants, 120 of whom were women. The analysis showed correlations between work-related stress and demand, control and social support, and that demand and social support could explain variation in work-related stress. This indicates both similarities and differences between employees in non-profit organizations in Sweden and abroad. The results show that employees in non-profit organizations need to be studied more to create an understanding of conditions and challenges, both compared to other sectors and other countries.

Bakgrund: Tidigare forskning visar på att ambulanspersonalen har en ökad risk för att utsättas för arbetsrelaterad stress vilket kan leda till såväl psykiska som fysiska skador. Det kan i sin tur påverka ambulanspersonalens funktionsförmåga och därmed kan såväl omvårdnaden för patienten samt patientsäkerheten komma att äventyras och risken för att patienten ska drabbas av en vårdskada samt ett vårdlidande ökar. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att belysa ambulanspersonalens upplevelser av arbetsrelaterad stress och dess inverkan på patientsäkerheten. Metod: Studien genomfördes med kvalitativ metod. Elva semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes för att besvara studiens syfte, fem män och sex kvinnor deltog. Inklusionskriterierna var att informanterna var yrkesverksamma inom ambulanssjukvården. Således var ingen yrkeskategori inom ambulanssjukvården exkluderad. Urvalet skedde genom ett bekvämlighetsurval samt ett snöbollsurval. Materialet har analyserats med hjälp av manifest analysmetod. Resultat: Resultatet sammanfattas i tre kategorier och sju underkategorier. Resultatet visade på att ambulanspersonalen upplevde en arbetsrelaterad stress. Upplevelsen av den arbetsrelaterade stressen och dess inverkan på patientsäkerheten kunde ses utifrån flera olika perspektiv, såväl negativa som positiva. För hög arbetsrelaterad stress upplevdes ogynnsamt för såväl ambulanspersonalen som för patienten och dess säkerhet medan en rimlig nivå av stress ansågs gynnsamt. Stöd och kunskapsutbyte mellan kollegor och stöd från organisationen upplevdes vara en viktig del i arbetet inom ambulanssjukvården för att besvara den emotionella belastning som den arbetsrelaterade stressen kunde framkalla, känslan av att vara otillräcklig samt att vilja prestera. Slutsats: Ambulanspersonalen tillsammans med enhetscheferna för ambulanssjukvården bör gemensamt identifiera faktorer som utlöser stress på individnivå för att bibehålla ambulanspersonalens hälsa, utveckling samt bibehålla patientsäkerheten. / Background: Previous research has shown that ambulance personnel have an increased risk of exposure to work-related stress, which can lead to both psychological and physical harm. This in turn may affect the functional ability of ambulance staff, potentially jeopardizing patient care as well as patient safety. The likelihood of a patient experiencing healthcare injury of suffering related to care is also increases. Aim: The objective of the study was to illuminate the experiences of ambulance personnel regarding work-related stress and its impact on patient safety. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted. Eleven semi-structured interviews were conducted to address the study's aim, involving five men and six women. The inclusion criteria stipulated that the informants were actively working in ambulance healthcare. Consequently, no professional category within ambulance healthcare was excluded. The participants were recruited by convenient and snowball selection. The data was analysed using a manifest analysis method. Results: The result is summarized in three categories and seven subcategories. The results showed that ambulance personnel experienced work-related stress. The experience of the work-related stress and its impact on patient safety could be viewed from various perspectives, both negative and positive. A high work-related stress was perceived unfavourably for both the ambulance personnel, the patient and the patients´ safety, while a reasonable level of stress was considered beneficial. Support and knowledge exchange among colleagues, as well as organizational support, was seen as an important part in ambulance healthcare to address the emotional burden that the work-related stress could evoke, the feeling of insufficiency, and the desire to perform. Conclusion: The ambulance personnel, together with unit managers for the ambulance healthcare, should collaboratively identify factors that can trigger stress, to sustain the ambulance personnels health, development and patient safety.

Bakgrund: Vård och omsorg står inför stora utmaningar med hög arbetsbelastning, vilket bidrar till ökad stress bland sjuksköterskor. Sjuksköterskor är utsatta dagligen för en psykisk och fysisk påfrestande arbetsmiljö. Ogynnsam arbetsmiljö leder till upplevelse av stress, men samtidigt påverkar den negativt omvårdnadskvalitet och riskerar patientsäkerhet. Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturstudie är att belysa sjuksköterskors arbetsrelaterade stress och dess påverkan på omvårdnaden. Metod: Denna litteraturstudie baseras på 11 kvalitativa vetenskapliga artiklar upphämtade från databaser Cinhal och PubMed. Systematisk litteraturöversikt användes för precisering av forskningsproblemet, sökstrategi och urvalsprocessen. Artiklar kvalitetsgranskades. Analysen av resultatet baserades på generell litteraturöversikt, med användning av induktiv analysmetod. Resultat: Analysen av artiklar resulterade i två huvudkategorier med tillhörande fem subkategorier: Stress skapat av stressorer inom den organisatoriska och fysiska arbetsmiljön medför försämrad omvårdnad (Arbetsbelastning och tidsbrist, Kompetens och personalbrist, Materialbrist och vårdmiljö), Stress skapat av stressorer inom den social och psykosocial arbetsmiljö medför försämrad omvårdnad (Brist på stöd och samarbete, Emotionell påfrestning). Konklusion: Resultatet av analysen påvisade en tydlig koppling mellan sjuksköterskors upplevelse av arbetsstressen och minskad omvårdnadskvalitet. Arbetsstressorer som existerar i ogynnsam arbetsmiljö, leder till en obalans mellan krav och resurser, sänker sjuksköterskors arbetsmotivation, skapar hög arbetsstress och korrelerade negativt med sjuksköterskors känsla av sammanhang, KASAM. Det skapar ofördelaktiga förutsättningar för att utföra omvårdnadsarbete enligt sjuksköterskans kärnkompetenser och samtidigt minskar patientsäkerheten. / Background: Healthcare is facing major challenges with a high workload, which contributes to increased stress among nurses. Nurses are exposed daily to a mentally and physically stressful work environment. An inadequate work environment leads to the experience of stress, but at the same time it negatively affects nursing care quality and risks patient safety. Aim: The aim of this literature study is to shed light on nurses' work-related stress and its impact on the nursing care. Method: This literature study is based on 11 qualitative scientific articles retrieved from databases Cinhal and PubMed. Systematic literature review was used to specify the research problem, search strategy and selection process. Articles’ quality were reviewed. The analysis of the results was based on a general literature review, using an inductive analysis method. Results: The analysis of articles resulted in two main categories with associated five subcategories: Stress created by stressors within the organizational and physical work environment leads to impaired nursing care (Workload and lack of time, Competence and staff shortage, Material shortage and care environment), Stress created by stressors within the social and psychosocial work environment leads to impaired nursing care (Lack of support and cooperation, Emotional strain). Conclusion: The result of the analysis showed a clear connection between nurses’ work-related stress and reduced nursing care quality. Work stressors that exist in an inadequate work environment, leads to an imbalance between demands and resources, lower nurses' work motivation, create high work stress and negatively affect nurses' sense of coherence, SOC. It creates unfavourable conditions for carrying out nursing care accordingly to the nurse's core competencies and at the same time reduces patient safety.

1 online resource (122 leaves : ill.) / Educator stress is a grave problem. The aim of this research is to understand female secondary school educators' personality awareness in relation to work related stress, with particular reference to an independent school in Witbank, Mpumalanga, South Africa. In the literature study I determined the nature of work related stress in educators' lives and investigated personality awareness. My empirical research established the level of work related stress experienced by female educators and how an awareness of different personalities may influence the person's experience of work related stress. The research methods were qualitative in nature and included an interview as well as focus group observations. Findings suggested that all the educators were stressed to a lesser or greater degree, but the critical fact was that what is stressful to one person may not be stressful to another. Based on the findings, recommendations were made for improvements to help alleviate educator stress. / Educational Studies / M. Ed. (specialisation in Guidance and Councelling)

This study examines the impact of gender on the coping mechanisms employed to manage work-related stress. The aim of the investigation was to determine whether male and female professionals differ in terms of the coping mechanisms that they employ in managing work-related stress. In order to achieve this aim an assessment battery containing a Biographical Checklist, the Coping Checklist, the Hassles Scale and the Daily Uplifts Scale was distributed to a sample of professional men and women. The fmdings indicate that male and female professionals differ significantly in only two of the six coping mechanisms measured, namely social support and symptom management; that men and women do not differ significantly in terms of coping repertoire; and that women cope more effectively than their male counterparts with work-related· stress. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M.A. (Industrial Psychology)

Tidigare forskning har visat att tidspress och arbetsbelastning som vi i denna studie kallar pressfaktorer är vanliga orsaker till arbetsrelaterad stress för revisorer. Forskning har även visat att långvarig stress är ett växande folkhälsoproblem som kan få förödande konsekvenser om man inte hanterar den. Något som oss veterligen inte är beforskat är hur sambandet mellan pressfaktorer och arbetsrelaterad stress påverkas av fysisk aktivitet.      Syftet med denna studie är att förklara hur sambandet mellan revisorers pressfaktorer och arbetsrelaterad stress påverkas av fysisk aktivitet. För att uppnå syftet har litteratur som behandlar tidspress, arbetsbelastning, arbetsrelaterad stress och fysisk aktivitet använts. Det har konstruerats tre hypoteser utifrån tidigare forskning. För att testa hypoteserna användes en webbaserad enkätundersökning riktad till personer som arbetar inom revision.   Studien visar att tidspress och arbetsbelastning är förklarande faktorer till arbetsrelaterad stress för revisorer. Däremot visar resultatet inte att fysisk aktivitet har en modererande effekt på det positiva sambandet mellan pressfaktorer och arbetsrelaterad stress. Resultaten visar dock att fysisk aktivitet har en mildrande effekt direkt kopplat till den arbetsrelaterade stressen.   Studiens viktigaste bidrag är att ge ökad insikt till revisionsbranschen om att sambandet mellan pressfaktorer och arbetsrelaterad stress är vanligt förekommande vilket kan få revisionsbyråer att rikta fokus på att hitta lösningar för att minska arbetsrelaterad stress. Dessutom bidrar studien till ökad kunskap till samhället i stort om stress som ett växande folkhälsoproblem, att fysisk aktivitet har flera positiva hälsoeffekter samt kan användas för att minska arbetsrelaterad stress. / Previous research has shown that time pressure and workload, which in this study are referred to as pressure factors, are common reasons for work-related stress for auditors. Research has also shown that prolonged stress is a growing public health issue that may lead to severe consequences if not addressed. As far as we are aware, there has yet to be any research conducted in regard to the association between pressure factors and work-related stress and how it is affected by physical activity   The aim of this study is to explain how the association between pressure factors and work-related stress is affected by physical activity. To achieve this aim, we have used literature covering time pressure, workload, work-related stress and physical activity. Three hypotheses have been constructed using previous research. To test the hypotheses a web-based survey was used, aimed specifically toward employed auditors.   Our study shows that time pressure and workload are explanatory factors to work related stress for auditors. However, the result does not point to physical activity having a moderating effect on the positive relation between pressure factors and work-related stress. The results do however show that physical activity directly connected to the work-related stress has a mitigating effect.   The most important contribution of the study is to give an increased insight to the auditing profession that the relation between pressure factors and work-related stress is indeed common which could help auditing firms to focus on finding solutions to reduce work-related stress. Our study also adds knowledge to society as a whole, that stress is a growing public health issue and that physical activity has a wide variety of positive health benefits and may be used to decrease work-related stress.

1 online resource (122 leaves : ill.) / Educator stress is a grave problem. The aim of this research is to understand female secondary school educators' personality awareness in relation to work related stress, with particular reference to an independent school in Witbank, Mpumalanga, South Africa. In the literature study I determined the nature of work related stress in educators' lives and investigated personality awareness. My empirical research established the level of work related stress experienced by female educators and how an awareness of different personalities may influence the person's experience of work related stress. The research methods were qualitative in nature and included an interview as well as focus group observations. Findings suggested that all the educators were stressed to a lesser or greater degree, but the critical fact was that what is stressful to one person may not be stressful to another. Based on the findings, recommendations were made for improvements to help alleviate educator stress. / Educational Studies / M. Ed. (specialisation in Guidance and Councelling)

This study examines the impact of gender on the coping mechanisms employed to manage work-related stress. The aim of the investigation was to determine whether male and female professionals differ in terms of the coping mechanisms that they employ in managing work-related stress. In order to achieve this aim an assessment battery containing a Biographical Checklist, the Coping Checklist, the Hassles Scale and the Daily Uplifts Scale was distributed to a sample of professional men and women. The fmdings indicate that male and female professionals differ significantly in only two of the six coping mechanisms measured, namely social support and symptom management; that men and women do not differ significantly in terms of coping repertoire; and that women cope more effectively than their male counterparts with work-related· stress. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M.A. (Industrial Psychology)

The purpose of this thesis is to compile current research knowledge about the social worker’s psychosocial work environment in social services, focusing on themes as work-related stress, psychological well-being, social support and professional identity. The aim is to discover areas of change or improvement within the work environment in social services. The thesis is answering the following research question: what does research, published within the timeframe of 2017-2020, say about the social worker’s psychosocial work environment considering themes as work-related stress, social support, psychological well-being and professional identity? Two theoretical perspectives are applied to make understanding of the empirical data: cognitive theory with a coping perspective and social constructionism. The method used in this study is a thematic analysis. The purpose of this method is to compile research regarding the social worker’s psychosocial work environment according to different themes. The results of the study show that social workers experience both stress and well-being within their work environment. Stress is caused by high demands, lack of resources and lack of control. Work-related stress affects social workers’ health, professionality and their attitudes towards their job. Psychological well-being is promoted by resources such as social support, quality of work, work experience and client affirmation. Social support is a high valued resource among social workers and is often a reason for staying in social services. The social worker’s professional identity is both individual and shared, and built on solidarity. The results show that professional identity is affected negatively by conflicting demands within social services.