Orientador: Sonia Maria Lazzarini Cyrino / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T08:47:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Meira_Vivian_D.pdf: 1178142 bytes, checksum: e326a7771cea8102eee5851541fef4ea (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Esta tese investiga padrões de referencialidade em complementação sentencial no português, italiano e grego moderno, especialmente, o fenômeno conhecido como obviação ou referência disjunta. Esta é uma restrição atestada nas línguas e se caracteriza pelo fato de o sujeito da oração subordinada ser obrigatoriamente disjunto em referência ao sujeito da oração matriz. Tradicionalmente, assume-se que a obviação é uma propriedade de complementação subjuntiva ou um fenômeno resultante, juntamente com o controle, da competição entre formas finitas/não-finitas. No entanto, os dados não condizem com essas hipóteses, já que a obviação é exibida tanto em complementação indicativa quanto nos contextos de infinitivo flexionado. Além disso, nem todo contexto volitivo exibe obviação. Assumindo a teoria de seleção semântica e a versão minimalista de subcategorização (cf. Adger, 2004), propomos que a obviação, exibida em complementação sentencial, é uma restrição semântica exigida por três tipos de predicados, os causativos, os volitivos e os perceptivos físicos, que serão tomados como predicados modais no sentido de serem capazes de impor restrições semânticas aos seus complementos. Estes predicados foram denominados de predicados de obviação, por compartilharem entre si algumas propriedades, como denotar leitura eventiva/não-epistêmica, exigir sujeito pronominal na encaixada independente referencialmente do sujeito matriz e subcategorizar complemento TP. Argumentamos ainda que esses predicados, devido ao seu caráter modal, selecionam semanticamente um traço [obviativo], que é transmitido ao sujeito da encaixada. Predicados de obviação se distinguem de outro grupo de predicado modal, os predicados de controle, por estes não permitirem que o argumento da encaixada seja disjunto do sujeito matriz. Esses dois grupos se distinguem de outro grupo de verbos que permitem referência livre, constituído especialmente por predicados epistêmicos, declarativos, dentre outros, que denotam leitura epistêmica/proposicional e subcategorizam complemento CP. Sintaticamente este grupo de predicados se distingue dos predicados de obviação por subcategorizarem estruturas distintas, pois, enquanto estes têm complemento TP, aqueles selecionam complemento CP. Para explicar por que obviação e controle são exibidos pelo predicado volitivo, propomos que há dois tipos de acepções no volitivo nas línguas: o volitivo padrão, que seleciona controle e o volitivo causativo, que exige obviação. Defendemos que o complemento infinitivo flexionado selecionado por causativo e perceptivo é uma estrutura TP, o que o diferencia da estrutura de infinitivo flexionado selecionada por factivos/epistêmicos/declarativos, que é tomado como um CP. Estes permitem referência livre e aqueles exigem obviação. Nossa proposta é mostrar que a obviação, exibida em complementação sentencial, não é um fenômeno restrito às línguas românicas ou às línguas que exibem a distinção finito/não-finito, mas são uma restrição semântica imposta por predicados de obviação os seus complementos e, devido a isso, essa restrição semântica será exibida por línguas que dispõem desses contextos em complementação sentencial / Abstract: This thesis investigates patterns of referentiality in sentential complementation in Portuguese, Italian and Modern Greek, especially the phenomenon known as obviation or disjoint reference. This is a constraint attested in languages, and it is characterized by the fact that the subject of the subordinate clause must be disjoint in reference to the subject of the matrix sentence. Traditionally, obviation has been assumed to be a property of subjunctive complementation, or a phenomenon arising along with the control from the competition between finite/non-finite forms. However, the data are not consistent with these hypotheses, since obviation appears in indicative complementation and inflected infinitive contexts. Moreover, obviation is not displayed in every volitional context. Based on the theory of semantic selection and a minimalist version of subcategorization (cf. Adger, 2004), this thesis proposes that obviation, in sentential complementation, is a semantic constraint required by three types of predicates, the causative, volitional and physical perceptive predicates, which will be taken as predicates able to impose semantic constraints on their complements. These predicates are called obviation predicates, which share some common properties, as denoting eventive/non-epistemic reading, they require referentially independent subject pronouns in an embedded clause, and select a TP complement. We argue that these predicates, because of their modal character, select semantically a trace [obviative], which is transmitted to the subject in the embedded clause. Obviation predicates are distinguished from another group of modal predicates, control predicates, which do not allow, in an embedded clause, an argument referentially independent from the matrix subject. These two groups are distinguished from yet another group of verbs that allow free reference, specially constituted by epistemic, declarative predicates, among others, which denote an epistemic/propositional reading and select CP complements. Syntactically, this group can be distinguished from obviation predicates by selecting distinct structures, because while these have a TP complement, the former select CP complements. To explain why both obviation and control are displayed by volitional predicates, we propose that there are two types of volitional meanings in the languages: the default volitional that selects control, and the causative volitional, that requires obviation. Furthermore, we argue that the inflected infinitive complement selected by causative and perceptive verbs is a TP structure, and they require obviation, which differ from the inflected infinitive selected by factives/epistemic/declarative verb, which take CP complements and allows free reference. The purpose of this thesis is to show that obviation, in sentential complementation, is not a phenomenon restricted to the Romance languages, or languages that exhibit a distinction between finite and non-finite forms, but that it is a semantic constraint imposed by obviation predicates on their complements and, consequently, this constraint will appear in languages which have these contexts in sentential complementation / Doutorado / Linguistica / Doutora em Linguística

Different cultures have legends which affect the people and societies in which these legends are traded. Most legends are ecotypified, but some legends can survive even when those who tell them move. The aim of this study is to identify some characteristic features of the legend tradition within the Bosnian diaspora in Sweden, and to identify which type of legends that live on in the Swedish environment. The study is conducted as an interview study and the results analyzed with a hermeneutic approach. The study identifies five different types of legends that are categorized into three different categories: erotic, trauma and fear. The results show a fear among the respondents that if the legends disappear, a loss of part of their Bosnian identity will follow. The conclusion show that the category of fear lives on in the Bosnian diaspora, whilst legends building on trauma and eroticism are at risk of disappearing in a Swedish environment.

This thesis is a qualitative study focusing on the situation that has evolved in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) from the beginning of 2018, when migrants and refugees started entering the country in large numbers in the context of the so-called Balkan route. The approach adopted in the thesis is informed by critical studies emphasizing the asymmetries entailed in the emerging multilevel governance of migration. The European Union (EU), the BiH state, IOM, civil society, activists, and citizens, are inserted in a “situational map” presenting their inter-relations, and the potential of each to influence the situation of concern. This thesis analyses in details the role of the EU, which is implementing in BiH its security-informed approach to irregular migration through externalization and multilevelling strategies. Eight semi-structured interviews allow the investigation into the potential and challenges of a “governance from below”. The main argument of this thesis is that the EU, outsourcing its strategy to curb irregular migration to BiH, fails to address the humanitarian crisis that is developing there, besides mining the stability and democracy of the country.

The war in Bosnia and Herzegovina was ended in 1995 with the signing of the Dayton Agreement. However, despite almost 25 years passing since its implementation Bosnia and Herzegovina is still a troubled state with deep internal divisions. This study seeks to analyzethe Dayton Agreement using an English School framework together with an examination of the most prevalent approach to peace within it. In Particular, it uses recent English School theoretical developments that place the concepts of order and justice on a spectrum where an ideal mix is sought. The focus is on discovering whether there is a focus on order to the detriment of justice. To accomplish this the thesis uses a combination of qualitative text analysis and the ADICO grammatical syntax which seeks to analyze statements by breaking them down into their constituent parts. The results of the analysis showed that the initial hypothesis was faulty, and order was in fact the least coded part of the Dayton Agreement. However, it also uncovereda number of problems, and contradictions within the Agreement, most of whom were to the detriment of the parts dedicated to justice and peacebuilding. Findings indicate that the parts of the Dayton Agreement focusing on justice and long-term peacebuilding have been negatively affected by inconsistencies and problems within it as well as the sheer variety of goals that the Agreement seeks to fulfill. This in turn has had implications for the long-term success and stability of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

No description available.

The purpose of the study was to examine how the EU's ambition is to diffuse norms, as a normative power, within the instrument Pre-accession Assistance II during 2014-2020 in the region of the Western Balkans. The study was conducted with a qualitative theory-consuming case study together with a theoretical framework by Tuomas Forsberg (2011) which is based on the theory of Normative Power Europe. The results of the study showed that the EU has high ambitions to spread the Union's fundamental values through IPA II to the Western Balkans.

Dès 1919, la France et l’Italie se tournent vers l’espace balkanique et danubien, issu de l’effondrement des empires multinationaux, pour assurer leur sécurité et leur puissance. Alors que la question adriatique éloigne les deux pays, ils trouvent un consensus provisoire sur l’Europe danubienne : ni Anschluss, ni confédération danubienne. Ce modus vivendi va cependant voler en éclats à partir de 1924, lorsque la volonté française de mieux organiser son système d’alliances rencontre le révisionnisme fasciste. L’une et l’autre puissance tentent de surmonter les difficultés internationales créées par le mouvement pour l’Anschluss, l’opposition de la Petite Entente et de la Hongrie, le statut de la Yougoslavie, mais la divergence de leurs représentations sur ce que devait être un concert européen rénové empêcha toute collaboration. Leur confrontation favorisa la déstabilisation de l’Europe balkanique et danubienne : le lien entre les deux phénomènes éclata au grand jour lors des négociations économiques pour la reconstruction de l’Europe entre 1931 et 1933. Dans le sillage de ces dernières, le Pacte à quatre fut conçu par la diplomatie française comme une occasion d’arrimer l’Italie à la vision française de l’organisation du continent, tandis que Mussolini en faisait la première étape d’un bouleversement de l’ordre issu des traités de paix : l’Europe balkanique et danubienne fut le grand enjeu tacite du Pacte à quatre. / By 1919, France and Italy look to the Balkan and Danubian Region, shaped by the collapse of multinational empires, to ensure their safety and power. While the Adriatic question drives away the two countries, they find a temporary consensus on Danubian Europe: neither Anschluss, nor Danubian confederation. This modus vivendi is however shattered in 1924 when the French desire to better organize its system of alliances meets fascist revisionism. Both powers try to overcome the difficulties created by the international movement for the Anschluss, the opposition of the Little Entente and Hungary, the status of Yugoslavia, but their divergent representations of what should be a renovated European concert prevent any collaboration. Their confrontation promotes the destabilization of the Balkans and the Danubian Region : the link between the two phenomenons breaks out in the open during the negotiations for the economic reconstruction of Europe between 1931 and 1933. In the wake of these, the Four Power Pact was designed by French diplomacy as an opportunity to tie Italy to the French vision of the organization of the continent, while Mussolini figures it as the first step in the disruption of the order created by the peace treaties: the Balkans and Danube was the great unspoken issue of the Four Power Pact.

Zugl.: Neubiberg, Universiẗat der Bundeswehr München, Diss., 2005.

Titre de la Thèse : L'établissement des chemins de fer dans les Balkans à l'époque ottomane : structuration de l'espace et organisation des échanges (1856-1913)Rejoindre l'Orient, voici sans doute l'une des obsessions de l'Occident. Peut-être l'épopée d'Alexandre le Grand a t-elle contribué à construire cet objectif quasi mystique. Quoi qu'il en soit, le XIXe siècle est celui de sa rationalisation. L'invention de la locomotive et celle du navire à vapeur permettent d'amorcer un processus de mise en réseau du monde. Sur les cinq continents, les villages, les villes et les ports s'interconnectent progressivement, engendrant une mondialisation des flux commerciaux et humains. Ce mouvement est orchestré par les grandes puissances européennes, dont le pouvoir est fondé sur la conquête de nouveaux marchés et sur l'importation des matières premières essentielles à leur essor. Londres et Bombay forment alors deux pivots incontournables, permettant de rediriger les flux en circulation à l'échelle trans-continentale. Entre ces deux points, Suez joue le rôle d'interface entre la mer Rouge et la Méditerranée. Au cours de la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle, l'espace balkanique est progressivement intégré à ce système-monde. L'introduction du rail y induit une profonde redéfinition des rapports de force, que ceux-ci soient d'ordre économique, militaire ou politique. A ce titre, la mise en place de voies ferrées dans les Balkans, à l'époque sous domination de l'Empire ottoman, résulte d'une imbrication de stratégies d'influence, s'exprimant à différentes échelles. Cette thèse se propose de les mettre en lumière. / Reaching the East : this is undoubtedly one of the obsessions of the West. Maybe Alexander the Great's conquests contributed to forge this quasi-mystical aim. Wherever it comes from, the XIXth century is the one of its rationalization. Inventions such as steam locomotive and steamship allow to begin a global networking process. On five continents, villages, cities and ports, are progressively interconnected, generating a globalization of human and trade flows. This movement is orchestrated by the major European powers, whose expansion is based on the conquest of new markets and on the importation of natural resources required for their development. London and Mumbay play at that time a pivotal role, allowing to reroute flows in circulation at the inter-continental scale. Between these two major cities, Suez is an unavoidable crossing point between the Mediterranean and the Red Sea. During the second half of the XIXth century, the Balkan space is progressively integrated to this world-system. In that region, the introduction of railway induces a radical restructuring of power relations, whether political, economical or military. For this reason, the establishment of railways in the Balkans results from an interlacing of influencing strategies, articulated at various scales. This thesis sets out to highlight them.

info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished