Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-04-05T19:25:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ALESSANDRO FERREIRA DO NASCIMENTO - DISSERTAÇÃO PPG-CEMat 2014..pdf: 1766148 bytes, checksum: 9952d3c1d40fa2b65189b5ac5fa3540f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-05T19:25:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ALESSANDRO FERREIRA DO NASCIMENTO - DISSERTAÇÃO PPG-CEMat 2014..pdf: 1766148 bytes, checksum: 9952d3c1d40fa2b65189b5ac5fa3540f (MD5) Previous issue date: 24-07-16 / Os fios para sutura cirúrgica são considerados produtos médicos invasivos utilizados para aproximação de tecido biológico e, devido ao contato com a pele, vasculatura e outros tecidos, são considerados um produto crítico. O presente trabalho propõe a avaliação de um dos fios com maior número de queixas técnicas notificadas à ANVISA, o fio de sutura de polipropileno, que é empregado em diversas intervenções cirúrgicas que requerem material inerte ao tecido e suporte mecânico, assim, uma avaliação da natureza físico-química do material empregado em amostras comerciais é importante para nortear um processo de certificação sanitária visando minimizar o risco aos pacientes. O fio de polipropileno foi adotado como modelo de análise , sendo escolhido o fio de número cirúrgico 0(zero) com 75cm de comprimento; foram selecionadas 4 amostras de fios de sutura de polipropileno de acordo com o padrão de notificações recebidas pela área de tecnovigilância da ANVISA como modelo para a execução de ensaios de difração de raio X, microscopia ótica, microscopia eletrônica de varredura com mapeamento por EDS, FTIR, microscopia de força atômica, análise termogravimétrica e ensaios mecânicos. Os resultados apresentados demonstraram perfis distintos nos aspectos morfológicos e mecânicos dos fios de sutura selecionados, suscitando a construção de um conjunto de análises distintas daquelas atualmente preconizadas para o registro desses produtos, assim como o estabelecimento de um processo certificador que seria realizado harmonizando parâmetros de ensaios mecânicos e caracterização morfológica dos fios de sutura, capaz de assegurar maior homogeneidade nos fios de sutura disponíveis comercialmente. / The suture threads are considered invasive medical products used for approximation of biological tissue and, due to contact with the skin, vasculature and other tissues, are considered a critical product. This paper proposes an evaluation of one of the wires with the largest number of technical complaints notified to ANVISA, the suture of polypropylene, which is used in various surgical procedures which require inert mechanical support to the tissue and thus a substantive assessment of the nature physical chemistry of the material used in commercial samples is important to guide a process of health certification in order to minimize the risk to patients. The polypropylene suture was used as the analysis model, being selected the surgical wire number 0 (zero) to 75cm long; 4 samples of polypropylene sutures were selected according to the pattern of notifications received by the area of technical surveillance of ANVISA as a model for the implementation of the testing of X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, scanning with EDS mapping by electron microscopy, FTIR, atomic force microscopy, thermal analysis and mechanical testing. The results presented demonstrated distinct profiles on the morphological and mechanical suture wires of selected aspects, prompting the construction of a set of analyzes of those currently recommended for the registration of these products, as well as the establishment of a certification process that would be done by harmonizing testing parameters morphological and mechanical characterization of the suture capable of ensuring a greater homogeneity in the commercially available suture threads.

In this interview, our guest responds to current and controversial issues related to environmental matters and the mining sector. First, the author talks about the variability of numbers for investment in mineral exploration in our country along recent periods. Also, the problem of social unrests, tax issues, permits and licenses, known as «permisología» and their impact on the sector. Similarly, and inevitably, some comment on the widespread use of Contracts Tax Stability and new measures of environmental control, taken by the recently enacted and controversial Law N° 30230 – Law Establishing Tax Measures, Simplification of Procedures and permits for promotion and revitalization of investment in the country, also called «Paquetazo Castilla». Furthermore, about the EIA and the recent creation of SENACE, as part of the Ministry of Environment Agency is analyzed. Finally, our interviewee continues to review the controversial «contribution by regulation» to OEFA and disciplinary proceedings. / En la presente entrevista, nuestro invitado responde a temas vigentes y controvertidos, relativosa materia ambiental y del sector minero. En primer lugar, él habla sobre la cuestión referida a la variabilidad de las cifras de inversión en exploración minera en nuestro país durante los últimos periodos. Asimismo, se analiza el reticente problema de los conflictos sociales, temas tributarios y la conocida «permisología», así como sus correspondientes impactos en el sector. Del mismo modo, e inevitablemente, se comenta sobre la extensión del uso de los Contratos de Estabilidad Tributaria y las nuevas medidas de fiscalización ambiental, adoptadas por la recientemente promulgada y polémica Ley N° 30230 – Ley que establece Medidas Tributarias, Simplificación de Procedimientos y Permisos para la promoción y dinamización de la Inversión en el País, llamada también «Paquetazo Castilla». Siguiendo la misma línea, se analiza lo correspondiente a los EIA y la reciente creación del SENACE, como organismo adscrito al Ministerio de Ambiente. Por último, nuestro entrevistado no deja de opinar sobre el discutido «aporte por regulación» al OEFA y el procedimiento sancionador.

The study was prompted mainly by the need for and possibility of collaboration or even mutual accreditation of practising chartered accountants and auditors in the countries of Southern Africa. In establishing common ground between these countries of Southern Africa it was found that the countries share not only geographical space but also strong and increasingly important trade links, movement of people between the countries and in some instances a common history, culture and language in the form of English. The current harmonisation process of accounting standards worldwide enhanced this process. A literature study was done emphasising South Africa as part of the Southern African region, with a special emphasis on accountancy education. An analysis of current international co-operation was done with special reference to the current international harmonisation process. As part ofthe background an analysis was done of the current status of the accountancy profession in each Southern African country. As this study was done from a South African perspective, the emphasis was on the views of members of the accounting profession in public practice with regard to greater cooperation in the region in the accountancy field. This was achieved by means of an empirical survey. It was found that the aforesaid professionals are overwhelmingly in support of greater cooperation in the region. They believe that it would enhance the status of individual accounting bodies worldwide~ that costs, information and infrastructure could be shared; and that it would enhance professionalism and improve service to clients. Specific areas were identified where co-operation could be improved, namely that academic training should be harmonised, practical tralning should be interchangeable and agreements should be reached with individual countries. Some concern was expressed that above all, control should be maintained over the standards of academic and practical education. It is recommended that the bodies governing the accountancy establishment in South Africa, especially the South African Institute of Chartered Accountants and the Public Accountants' and Auditors' Board, should increase their current efforts to establish greater formal relations with other countries in the Southern African region. / Auditing / D. Compt. (Accounting Science)

The main objective of this thesis is to analyze the market accommodation and food services market in the tourist region of Central Bohemia ? South. Another objective of this thesis was to formulate recommendations for the development of services in selected area. . The aim was also to identify the needs and requirements and satisfaction of visitors with accommodation and boarding services in selected recreation centre Nová Živohošť. To achieve the objectives it was necessary to study secondary sources, writing review of the literature and knowledge on the subject. Then situational analysis was performed. Here is defined and characterized a recreation centre Nová Živohošť, located in the tourist region of Central Bohemia ? South. The situational analysis is also a market analysis of accommodation and boarding services in the recreation centre Nová Živohošť. Another part of the work is questionnaire survey and interviews with worker in tourist information centre in Neveklov and owner Juniorcamp Tobogán and Caravan Club in Nová Živohošť. Final proposals, recommendations and business concept should increase the attractiveness of an offer, the quality of the resort and meet the needs and wishes of customers.

This work analyzes the possibility of using financial resources from European Union{\crq}s funds for benefit of tourism development in Ústí nad Labem region and the range of their present application. It evaluates, according to shortened programme period, the role of district authorities and chosen municipalities as applicants for grants and supporters to other applicants. Attention is also paid to relationships between municipalities and tourist information centers, which are important subject in the process of passing information to tourists and visitors.

Par sa finalité et son objet, la formation professionnelle continue appartient au droit de la protection sociale. Elle permet ainsi aux salariés de faire face au risque social d'obsolescence des compétences, mais également de sécuriser leur parcours professionnel. En 1973, le législateur forgea un lien artificiel entre cette matière et le droit du travail en la codifiant au sein du Code du travail. Le droit du travail exerça une influence constante sur la formation professionnelle qui fut orientée en priorité vers les besoins des seuls salariés. La réforme du 5 mars 2014 et les lois qui ont suivi semblent vouloir rompre avec ce cadre juridique artificiel. Le législateur entend consacrer un système d’assurance social, universel, personnel et individuel, ce qui pose la question d'un éventuel droit à la formation et appelle une réforme globale de son mode de fonctionnement. / Continuing vocational training in French social law : contributing to the study of a new social insurance.For its purpose and its content, continuing vocational training belongs to the law of social protection. It allows employees to face the social risk of skills' obsolescence but also to secure their professional path. In 1973, the legislator created an artificial link between vocational training and labour law by codifying this field into the Labour Code. Labour Law exercised a constant influence on vocational training which was primarily based on the sole needs of employees. The reform of 5th March 2014 and the subsequent laws seem to have the will to break with this artificial legal framework. The legislator intends to create a system of social insurance which is universal, personal and individual. It raises the question of a potential right to vocational training and calls for a global reform of its functioning.

Submitted by Marco Antônio Amaral (marco.amaral@fgv.br) on 2013-08-30T16:43:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Marco Antônio Teixeira de Amaral.pdf: 2105372 bytes, checksum: 22ca9c4fb5f213a3960d00b580e590de (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2013-09-02T12:23:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Marco Antônio Teixeira de Amaral.pdf: 2105372 bytes, checksum: 22ca9c4fb5f213a3960d00b580e590de (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2013-09-10T12:22:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Marco Antônio Teixeira de Amaral.pdf: 2105372 bytes, checksum: 22ca9c4fb5f213a3960d00b580e590de (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-10T12:22:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Marco Antônio Teixeira de Amaral.pdf: 2105372 bytes, checksum: 22ca9c4fb5f213a3960d00b580e590de (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-31 / A preocupação com o esgotamento dos recursos naturais e a conscientização sobre as questões ligadas à sustentabilidade provocaram o estudo em um setor que tem sido apontado como de grande importância para a transformação do meio ambiente: a construção civil. Com isso percebemos o surgimento de um conjunto de práticas e procedimentos visando as chamadas 'construções sustentáveis', que introduziram uma nova realidade comercial no segmento da construção civil. Para avaliar se uma construção é ou não sustentável surgiram os eco-labellings, que através de sistema de pontuação ou conceitos permitem avaliar qualitativamente em que grau de sustentabilidade uma edificação encontra-se. Em especial, o mercado brasileiro vem, desde 2004, buscando a certificação ambiental LEED; sendo assim, a presente dissertação tem como objetivo identificar, após quase uma década desde a primeira submissão de projeto brasileiro ao USGBC, quais ainda são as dificuldades enfrentadas no processo de certificação LEED. O referencial teórico reforçou que o segmento da construção civil contribui de duas formas para a degradação do meio ambiente: no consumo de recursos naturais e energéticos, e na geração de grande quantidade de resíduos. Por esse motivo, estudos nessa área são extremamente importantes para a transformação do meio ambiente, que, através da adoção de práticas construtivas sustentáveis poderá minimizar os impactos gerados. Neste trabalho, optou-se pela utilização de pesquisa exploratória quanto aos fins, uma vez que existe pouco conhecimento acumulado sobre a avaliação do processo de certificação LEED, e bibliográfica, complementada com pesquisa de campo, quanto ao meio, pois fundamenta-se em estudo desenvolvido com base em material publicado, complementado por entrevistas no campo. Este trabalho caracteriza-se por se um estudo introdutório à compreensão do tema e convida a estudos complementares mais abrangentes, dada a relevância do assunto nas três esferas de sustentabilidade: social, ambiental e econômica. / Concern about the depletion of natural resources and awareness of sustainability issues led the study in an industry that has been shown to be important for the transformation of the environment: construction. Thus we see the emergence of a set of practices and procedures for so-called 'sustainable buildings', which introduced a new commercial reality in the construction segment. To assess whether or not a building is sustainable eco-labellings emerged that through scoring system or concepts allow qualitatively evaluate the degree to which sustainability is a building. In particular, the Brazilian market has, since 2004, seeking LEED certification, so in this thesis aims to identify, after nearly a decade since the first submission to the USGBC Brazilian project, which still are the difficulties faced in the process LEED certification. The theoretical stressed that the construction industry contributes in two ways to the degradation of the environment: the consumption of energy and natural resources, and the generation of large amounts of waste. Therefore, studies in this area are extremely important for the transformation of the environment, which, through the adoption of sustainable building practices can minimize the impacts. In this work, we chose to use exploratory research as to the purposes, since there is little accumulates knowledge on the evaluation of the LEED certification process, and literature, complemented with field research, about the middle, because is based on a study supported on published material, supplemented by interviews in the field. This work is characterized by an introductory study to the understanding of the topic and invites further studies are more comprehensive, given the relevance of the subject in the three spheres of sustainability: social, environmental and economic.

本論文的研究為文學史，藉由紐西蘭毛利民族文學史與台灣原住民族文學史作為比較。法國文學家泰納指出，文學的產生均有其時代與社會的背景，文學史即是實證主義方法。本論文以「全貌觀」的視角，將民族運動作為時間軸，先探討兩民族社會脈絡，再研討文學史的發展。 兩民族歷經同化政策，曾發展民族意識未覺醒的民族文學。民族運動時期，毛利民族訴求土地、自然資源及語言。台灣原住民族則身處戒嚴，因此探究的議題即是民族的生存權益。民族運動後，紐國經濟不景氣及毛利民族的補助聲浪，於是發展「反省」文學。而台灣原住民族諸多議題已階段性達成，湧現一批返鄉熱潮，分別有族語及政論創作。 台灣戒嚴看似延宕民族權益的發展，然而實際上台灣原住民族的民族邊界比毛利民族來的清晰。毛利民族比台灣原住民族早於一百餘年歷經同化政策，並發展「認同論」的民族認定。再者，毛利民族語言及部落經驗急速消逝，文學也發展「內部」的創作議題。雖然毛利民族運動走在前端，但是伴隨都市化及疏離其民族文化，驅使毛利民族成為民族性質薄弱的「概念民族」。唯有回到穩定及具有內聚力量的民族語言，才有辦法在時間洪流裡體現民族的主體性。目前，台灣原住民族尚未走到紐國的經驗。但倘若持續未意識到民族語言的重要性，極有可能步上毛利民族的經驗。 / The aim of the thesis, The Development of Ethnicity and its History of Literature: A Comparison of New Zealand Māori People and Taiwan Indigenous Peoples, is to compare the ethnic developments of the New Zealand Maori and Taiwan’s indigenous peoples, and further characterize the history of their literature. Before the New Southbound Policy, researchers have been devoted to contributing abundant Maori research. However, many of them only chose a certain topic to write about, ignoring other perspectives or orientations, which only revealed the tip of the iceberg. For this reason, the thesis ascertained other aspects with a holistic approach. Several similarities exist between the Maori and Taiwan’s indigenous peoples: both were Austronesian peoples, and share similar languages and cultures. In addition, they both undergone colonization and launched ethnic movements to regain their rights. The thesis is divided into three periods, which are before the ethnic movement, during the ethnic movement, and after the ethnic movement. Each chapter demonstrates its social context and the significant ethnic writers at that time. The thesis first illustrates Maori and Taiwan indigenous peoples’ unawakened ethnic consciousness through their literary writings. During the ethnic movement, both ethnic groups launched the ethnic movement and published their political perspectives during political and economic instability. Afterwards, the Maori and Taiwan’s indigenous peoples share different values in accordance with different social context after their respective ethnic movement. Finally, the thesis examines their social contexts and their literature through three aspects of ethnic literature, which are identity, language, and theme. The thesis is composed of seven chapters. The introduction reviews the purpose of the study, its motivation, and the background. Chapter 1 and Chapter 2 provide an overview of ethnic certification, the status of ethnic language, and the distribution of Maori and Taiwan’s indigenous peoples. Chapter 3 and Chapter 4 depicts Maori and Taiwan indigenous peoples’ social contexts and literature respectively. By comparing both ethnic groups, Chapter 5 shows their similarities and differences. Conclusions are drawn in Chapter 7. The conclusion offer incentives and disincentives from the Maori’s experience, which could be the inspiration for Taiwan’s indigenous peoples.

Gröna byggnader hjälper till att driva den hållbara utvecklingen framåt, vilket behövs inom fastighetsbranschen på grund av dess stora miljöpåverkan. Den fortsatta utvecklingen kännetecknas av problem såsom bristande medvetenhet samt en osäkerhet kring det ekonomiska utfallet. Resultaten som framförs i denna studie bidrar till en ökad förståelse av hur medvetna fastighetsföretag är om gröna bostadsbyggnader samt hur de uppfattar de ekonomiska följderna. Studiens syfte är att belysa hur fastighetsföretag uppfattar de ekonomiskt positiva faktorerna (hyra, vakans, drift- och underhåll, image, inomhusmiljö och risk) som sammankopplas med gröna byggnader. Enbart en del av problemområdet berörs, varvid fokus är på de positiva faktorer som frekvent förekommit i tidigare studier på ämnesområdet. För att besvara syftet har en kvalitativ metod med ett deduktivt ansats valts. Sex fastighetsföretag med varierande miljöengagemang har intervjuats, där samtliga är verksamma i södra Värmland. Intervjufrågorna har baserats på identiskt material för att sedan delvis anpassas efter respektive fastighetsföretag. Resultatet av intervjuerna framkommer i studiens empiriska sammanställning samt analyseras utgående från den teoretiska referensramen. Både likheter och skillnader har observerats. Slutsatsen är att samtliga av de intervjuade fastighetsföretagen värdesätter någon av faktorerna, samt vidrör att ett långsiktigt förhållningssätt är viktigt. Det har framkommit att minskade drifts- och underhållskostnader samt en förbättrad image är de faktorerna som värdesätts högst. Den faktor som företagen anser har minst samband med gröna byggnader är minskad vakans, vilket kan bero på den rådande bostadsbristen. / Green buildings help to drive the sustainable development forward, which is needed in the real estate industry due to its major environmental impact. The continued development is characterized by problems such as a lack of awareness and an uncertainty about the economic outcome. The results presented in this study contributes to an increased understanding of how aware real estate companies are, and how they perceive green residential buildings financial impact. The purpose of this study is to illustrate how real estate companies perceive the economically positive factors (rent, vacancy, operating- and maintenance costs, image, indoor environment and risk) which are linked to green buildings. Only a part of the problem area is examined, whereas focus is going to be on the positive factors which frequently appear in previous studies on the subject area. A qualitative method with an deductive approach has been chosen for this essay in order to answer the purpose of the study. Interviews have been conducted with six real estate companies located in Southern Värmland, whom had varied environmental commitment. The questions that was used have been based on identical material and then been partly adapted after each company. The results from the interviews are stated in the empirical compilation and are being analysed in connection to the theoretical framework. Both similarities and differences have been observed. The concludes are that all of the interviewed real estate companies appreciate some of the factors. All of them mention that a long term approach is of relevance despite their varied startup presumption. It has emerged that the reduced operation- and maintenance cost and an improved image are the most appreciated factors. The factor that the real estate companies consider to have least correlance with green buildings is reduced vacancy, which can be due to the current lack of housing.

Depuis les années 1970, la formation professionnelle continue s’étend à de nombreuses activités économiques et sociales, salariées comme non-salariées. La loi et le contrat, notamment, permettent cette expansion réalisée dans une grande instabilité normative. Constamment modifiés, les dispositifs d’accès à la formation sont souvent complexes et parfois peu efficaces. Le financement de la formation professionnelle suscite également des interrogations en raison des nombreuses personnes, publiques ou privées, chargées d’intervenir dans ce domaine. Le dispositif peut et doit être amélioré afin de permettre l’expansion de la formation professionnelle là où celle-ci mérite d’être encouragée. / Since the 1970s, continuing vocational training extends to many economic and social activities, either employed or self-employed. The law and the contract particulary provide such an expansion, which is carried out in a context of great normative instability. Constantly amended, training programmes are often complex and sometimes even reveal to be ineffective. Financing vocational training also raises questions due to the many people, both public and private, who are involved in this area. The overall system can and must be substantially improved so as to enable the expansion of vocational training wherever it deserves to be encouraged