La présente recherche se propose de décrire, d’analyser et de comprendre les problèmes des étudiants en phase d’apprentissage de l’interprétation consécutive avec le turc et le français comme paire de langues de travail et d’étudier leur évolution. Il porte sur la possibilité ou non d’enseigner les principes et les techniques de base de l’interprétation consécutive à des étudiants qui ne sont qu’en licence et qui n’ont pas nécessairement une maîtrise de la langue étrangère suffisante pour être admis à un programme de formation d’interprètes de haut niveau. Le corpus, constitué de transcriptions des prestations des étudiants, de notes prises en consécutive et de témoignages rétrospectifs, a été exploité dans le cadre conceptuel des Modèles d’Efforts de Daniel Gile, de manière à essayer de remonter à l’origine des faiblesses des étudiants. Les résultats présentés font apparaitre une nette progression chez les étudiants entre deux étapes dans la formation, qui s’observe sur des éléments décrits dans la littérature comme faisant partie du savoir-faire de l’interprète professionnel. Ils suggèrent que les étudiants ont effectivement appris les principes et les techniques de base de l’interprétation bien qu’ils ne soient pas dans une école spécialisée en interprétation, ni dans un programme de Master, ce qui constitue une réponse positive à la question de recherche. En outre, la présente recherche discute de la spécificité linguistique de la paire de langues concernée, et de l’intérêt méthodologique de démarche triangulaire adoptée. Des pistes de recherche sont enfin proposées. / This research aims to describe, analyze and understand problems that students encounter while learning consecutive interpreting in Turkish and French as a working language pair, and students' progress in coping with the problems. It focuses on the question whether it is possible to teach the basic principles and techniques of consecutive interpretingto undergraduate students who do not necessarily master their foreign working language well enough to be admitted to a high level interpreter training program.The corpus consists of transcriptions of the students' consecutive interpreting performances, notes taken in consecutive interpreting class and retrospective interviews with students. The analysis seeks to trace back the origin of the students’ observed weaknesses within the framework of Gile's Effort Models.Findings show clear progress in the students' consecutive interpreting performance over the two semesters under consideration. It is also observed that students' progress is mainly found in elements which are described as part of the know-how of a professional interpreter in the literature on interpreting. The findings also show that students have learned basic principles and techniques of consecutive interpreting, although they are not enrolled in a Master's program or in a program specialized in interpreting. They therefore suggest apositive answer to the research question.The linguistic specificity of the language pair involved and the methodological benefits of the triangular approach implemented in the study are discussed, and potential avenues for future research are suggested.

The present thesis focuses on the teaching of interpreter`s notes within selected universities in the Federal Republic of Germany. The aim of this theoretical-empirical study is to find out how lecturers teach note-taking, which sources they use, and how much importance they assign to teaching note-taking. Findings from German universities are compared with responses from research participants from a university in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part of this study introduces the topic of note-taking in a wider context of interpreting, discusses the prevailing systems of note-taking in more detail and deals with teaching note-taking and some of its aspects. Tools and technologies used for note-taking are also mentioned. In the second, empirical part of the thesis, the goals, chosen methodology and possible limits of the research are presented. Participants and universities selected for the research are also introduced. The data is collected by means of questionnaires and semi- structured interviews. Findings from both of these methods are then compared based on thematic areas. Although the target group of the research is relatively small, and the results are therefore not fully decisive, a number of noteworthy trends have been identified which may serve as basis for future research. Also, the...

The aim of this master's thesis is to provide a comprehensive picture of interpreting in the network Čojč. Cojc gGmbH is a non-profit Czech-German theatre network, which organizes theatre projects for young people from Czech Republic and Bavaria. Many of the participants need interpretation to communicate with each other. Interpreting at those projects is not provided by a professional interpreter, but by the project leaders, who usually don't have theoretical training in interpreting. This master's thesis aims in research of how these project leaders should interpret and to what extent their interpreting ensures successful course of the communication. Another aim of this master's thesis is to research the quality of interpreting in Čojč from the participants' and project leaders' perspective (or more precisely their satisfaction with the interpreting in Čojč). In this master's thesis we use the methods of semi-structured interview and questionnaire for the research of the interpreting in this network.

Der Beitrag widmet sich einer besonderen und bislang nicht zusammenhängend beschriebenen Spielart der 5–6-Konsekutive bei Schubert, die sich als halbtönig-enharmonischer Zirkel verstehen lässt. Die Argumentation bewegt sich im Spannungsfeld zwischen systematischen und historisch informierten Denkweisen; dabei werden latente Widersprüche aufgezeigt und an Dokumenten der frühen Rezeptionsgeschichte belegt. / This article addresses a particular and as-yet insufficiently explained manner of employing the 5–6 consecutive in Schubert that can be understood as a circle of enharmonic half-steps. The argumentation embraces the tension between systematic and historically informed modes of thought, revealing latent contradictions that are supported using documents drawn from early reception history of this work.

Θεωρούμε μια ακολουθία από n δυαδικά πειράματα. Ροή επιτυχιών μήκους k είναι μια ακολουθία από k συνεχόμενες επιτυχίες οι οποίες έπονται και ακολουθούνται από αποτυχίες ή τίποτα. Στην εργασία αυτή αρχικά μελετάται η τυχαία μεταβλητή Ν(n,k) η οποία παριστάνει τον αριθμό των ροών επιτυχιών μήκους k σε n δυαδικά πειράματα. Προσδιορίζεται η ακριβής κατανομή μέσω συνδιαστικών μεθόδων, αναδρομικών σχέσεων και μέσω της μεθόδου εμβάπτισης τυχαίας μεταβλητής σε Μαρκοβιανή αλυσίδα. Η μελέτη γίνεται για ανεξάρτητες και ισόνομες και για ανεξάρτητες όχι κατ’ ανάγκην ισόνομες δυαδικές ακολουθίες. Μελετάται επίσης η τυχαία μεταβλητή M(n,k)η οποία παριστάνει τον αριθμό των ροών επιτυχιών τουλάχιστον k σε n δυαδικά πειράματα. Ένα συνεχόμενο-k -από-τα-n:F σύστημα αποτυχίας είναι ένα σύστημα n συνιστωσών το οποίο αποτυγχάνει αν και μόνο αν αποτύχουν τουλάχιστον k συνεχόμενες συνιστώσες του. Τα συνεχόμενα-k-από-τα-n:F συστήματα αποτυχίας έχουν προταθεί ως κατάλληλα πρότυπα για συστήματα μεταφοράς πετρελαίου, τηλεπικοινωνιακά συστήματα κ.α. Ένα m-συνεχόμενο-k-από-τα-n:F σύστημα αποτυχίας είναι ένα σύστημα n συνιστωσών το οποίο αποτυγχάνει αν και μόνο αν υπάρχουν τουλάχιστον m ροές από k συνεχόμενες αποτυχημένες συνιστώσες του. Μελετάται η σχέση της αξιοπιστίας των ανωτέρω συστημάτων με τη συνάρτηση πιθανότητας και τη συνάρτηση κατανομής της τυχαίας μεταβλητής N(n,k). Αναπτύσσονται οι μέθοδοι που έχουν δοθεί για τον προσδιορισμό της αξιοπιστίας τους και δίνονται ακριβείς εκφράσεις της μέσω πολυωνυμικών συντελεστών, διωνυμικών συντελεστών, αναδρομικών σχέσεων και της μεθόδου εμβάπτισης σε Μαρκοβιανή αλυσίδα. Η μελέτη γίνεται για συστήματα με ανεξάρτητες συνιστώσες, γαι συστήματα με ομογενή Μαρκοβιανή εξάρτηση ενός βήματος και για συστήματα με Μαρκοβιανά εξαρτημένες συνιστώσες (k-1) βημάτων. Τέλος παρουσιάζονται αριθμητικά παραδείγματα για περαιτέρω διευκρίνηση και σύγκριση των μεθόδων υπολογισμού της κατανομής της N(n,k) και της αξιοπιστίας των ανωτέρω συστημάτων αποτυχιών. / Consider a sequence of n two state (success-failure) trials. A success run of length k is a sequence of k consecutive successes proceeded and succeeded by failures or nothing. In this thesis the random variable N(n,k) denoting the number of success runs of length k in n binary trials is studied. The exact distribution of N(n,k) is given, via combinatorial analysis, recursive relations and using the Markov chain imbedding technique. The study is carried out for independent but not identically distributed binary sequences. Further, the random variable M(n,k)denoting the number of success runs of length at least k in n binary trials is also studied. A consecutive-k-out-of-n : F system is a system which consists of n components ordered on a line, which fails if and only if at least k consecutive components fail. Such systems have been used to model telecommunication, oil pipeline systems e.t.c. An m-consecutive-k -out-of-n : F system consists of n components ordered on a line, which fails if and only if there are at least m non-overlapping runs of k consecutive failed components. The reliability of the above mentioned systems is related to the cumulative distribution function of the random variable N(n,k) . Exact formulae for the reliability is given by means of binomial and multinomial coefficients, via recursive relations and using the Markov chain imbedding technique. The study is accomplished for systems with independent and Markov dependent components. Finally, numerical examples are given for comparison of the various used methods and to illustrate the theoretical results.

In this paper, a method for determining ground plane features in a sequence of images captured by a mobile camera is presented. The hardware of the mobile system consists of a monocular camera that is mounted on an inertial measurement unit (IMU). An image processing procedure is proposed, first to extract image features and match them across consecutive image frames, and second to detect the ground plane features using a two-step algorithm. In the first step, the planar homography of the ground plane is constructed using an IMU-camera motion estimation approach. The obtained homography constraints are used to detect the most likely ground features in the sequence of images. To reject the remaining outliers, as the second step, a new plane normal vector computation approach is proposed. To obtain the normal vector of the ground plane, only three pairs of corresponding features are used for a general camera transformation. The normal-based computation approach generalizes the existing methods that are developed for specific camera transformations. Experimental results on real data validate the reliability of the proposed method. / <p>QC 20121107</p>

Der Sport ist das dominierende Phänomen der heutigen Freizeitkultur und ein wachsender Wirtschaftszweig. Ob in den Medien, beim Handel mit Sportwaren oder beim Sport selbst: Wo über Sport gesprochen wird, treffen verschiedene Sprachen aufeinander. Um Sprachbarrieren zu überwinden, sind Dolmetscher oft unverzichtbar. Das Fachgebiet Sport bringt dabei Besonderheiten mit sich, z. B. die große Rolle des Fernsehens sowie eine eigene, vielschichtige Sprache, in der Jargon nicht selten mit Fachlexik kombiniert wird. War die Sportsprache bereits Gegenstand vieler Publikationen, befasst sich diese Arbeit mit den kaum erforschten Dolmetschtätigkeiten im Sport. Im Theorieteil werden u. a. der Bedarf an Dolmetschleistungen dargelegt und die Sportsprache aus Dolmetschersicht analysiert. Grundlage des Praxisteils ist eine Umfrage unter 51 Sport-Dolmetschern, die zu sprachlichen Herausforderungen ebenso befragt wurden wie zu den häufigsten Dolmetschsituationen oder den Verdienstmöglichkeiten.

The master's thesis is a theoretical and empirical study about the interpreter's notes in consecutive interpreting. The study mainly deals with the note-taking language and the effect of the interpreter's experience on the choice of note-taking language. In literature, many authors have already thoroughly studied note-taking. In the second half of the 20th century, three traditional interpreting schools emerged. Several authors created their own note-taking systems. Since then, there hasn't been a consensus among experts on the choice of the note-taking language. Some recommend using the source language, some prefer the target language and many experts are in favor of using both. Main approaches to note-taking and reasons why to use either the source language or the target language are listed in the theoretical part. The theoretical part also covers empirical research on the choice of note-taking language. Compared to the high amount of theoretical publications on note-taking, only few empirical studies were carried out, studying the choice of note-taking language. Despite its small scale, the thesis thus seeks to follow in the footsteps of previous empirical researchers and verify, by the means of an experiment, claimings of theoreticians. The experiment studying the effect of the interpreter's...

No description available.

A wide literature of predominantly behavioural experiments that use Stimulus Response Compatibility (SRC) have suggested that visual action information such as object affordance yields rapid and concurrent activation of visual and motor brain areas, but has rarely provided direct evidence for this proposition. This thesis examines some of the key claims from the affordance literature by applying electrophysiological measures to well established SRC procedures to determine the verities of the behavioural claims of rapid and automatic visuomotor activation evoked by viewing affording objects. The temporal sensitivity offered by the Lateralised Readiness Potential and by visual evoked potentials P1 and N1 made ideal candidates to assess the behavioural claims of rapid visuomotor activation by seen objects by examining the timecourse of neural activation elicited by viewing affording objects under various conditions. The experimental work in this thesis broadly confirms the claims of the behavioural literature however it also found a series of novel results that are not predicted by the behavioural literature due to limitations in reaction time measures. For example, while different classes of affordance have been shown to exert the same behavioural facilitation, electrophysiological measures reveal very different patterns of cortical activation for grip-type and lateralised affordances. These novel findings question the applicability of the label ‘visuomotor’ to grip-type affordance processing and suggest considerable revision to models of affordance. This thesis also offers a series of novel and surprising insights into the ability to dissociate afforded motor activity from behavioural output, into the relationship between affordance and early visual evoked potentials, and into affordance in the absence of the intention to act. Overall, this thesis provides detailed suggestions for considerable changes to current models of the neural activity underpinning object affordance.