The adoption of digital transformation can be seen as the companies opportunity for increased competitiveness. The possibilities of digital transformation are many as it allows, among other things, a connection between workers and machines or between machines. However, companies are facing difficulties to implement digital transformation effectively. Implementing digital transformation is a slow process for companies and most companies are in the early stages of it. Also, the technologies that are associated with digital transformation are still unclear. Companies still lack a systematic approach to implementing digital transformation. Understanding critical factors that affect digital transformation in manufacturing companies could help to develop a systematic approach for implementing digital transformation. Therefore, in this research the authors have carefully reviewed and identified factors that affect digital transformation within the manufacturing industry. This thesis research aims to identify the factors that will lead to the success of digital transformation in manufacturing companies and to also find out the factors that when being ignored will lead to unsuccessfulness. The research has been guided by three research questions: 1) Which factors are stated in the literature that is affecting the implementation of digital transformation in manufacturing companies, 2) How are these factors related to each other in the literature, and 3) How can practitioners and academics use factors for the successful implementation of digital transformation? In this research, a systematic literature review (SLR) has been carried out which has led to identifying 11 key factors. Based on the identified factors, a model has been developed to support the implementation of digital transformation in manufacturing companies. The model consists of four different categories of factors, namely, “Awareness related factors, Readiness related factors, Technology, Selection, and Integration related factors (so-called ARTO-model. Furthermore, a survey has been developed to get experts´ perspectives on the identified factors and the model.  Based on the input from the survey, a final compiled ARTO model is proposed as a guiding tool for the successful implementation of digital transformation. Further, a model to show the relationship between the factors is created. Keywords: Digital transformation, Digitalization, Industry 4.0, Enabling technologies, Key factors, Critical factors, Manufacturing industry, Guiding framework / Implementeringen av digital transformation kan ses som företags möjlighet till ökad konkurrenskraft. Möjligheterna med digital transformation är många, då det bland annat tillåter uppkoppling mellan arbetare och maskiner. Dock, står företagen inför svårigheter med implementeringen av det. Implementeringen av digital transformation är en långsam process för företagen och många företag befinner sig i tidigt skede. Även teknologier som associeras med digital transformation är fortfarande oklara och det saknas kunskap gällande detta. Dessutom finns det inte mycket handlingskraft när det kommer till faktorer som påverkar digital transformation. Företag saknar fortfarande tillvägagångssätt för implementering av digital transformation. Därför har författarna till den här undersökningen noga granskat och identifierat faktorer som påverkar digital transformation inom tillverkande företag.  Syftet med den här undersökningen är att ta reda på faktorer som ska leda till framgång av digital transformation i tillverkande företag, och vidare ta reda på faktorer som när de ignoreras kommer leda till misslyckande. Forskningsfråga 1: Vilka är faktorerna som nämns i litteraturen och som påverkar digital transformation i tillverkande företag?  Forskningsfråga 2: Hur är dessa faktorer relaterade till varandra inom litteraturen?  Forskningsfråga 3: Hur kan praktiker och akademiker använda faktorer för ett framgångsrikt genomförande av digital transformation? I den här undersökningen har det gjorts en systematisk litteraturstudie som ledde till utvecklingen av ett ramverk. Vidare skapades en enkät för att få experters perspektiv på den systematiska litteraturstudien och ramverket.  Det skapades en modell som bygger på fyra olika kategorier ”Awareness related factors, Readiness related factors, Technology, Selection and integration related factors (så kallad ARTO-modell) utifrån den systematiska litteraturstudien och därefter gjordes en liknande modell baserad på inputen från enkäten. Slutligen sammanställdes resultaten i en gemensam ARTO- modell och en modell för att visa relationen mellan de olika modellerna skapades  Nyckelord: Digital Transformation, Digitalisering, Industri 4.0, Möjliggörande teknik, Nyckel faktorer, Kritiska faktorer, Tillverkande företag, Vägledande ram

For each passing year, distributed system development hasbecome more and more frequent and due to COVID-19, it nowrequires work to take place in an environment like our home.Previous research mentions communication and decision-makingrelated problems, and how they have been affected by a situationwhen work must be carried from home. Categories made fromthis are described as the social process, use ofinformationtechnologies, the boundry between home and workand information sharing from home which are now in our interestto research.The purpose of this study is therefore to identify critical factorsaffecting distributed system development projects when carriedout from home and to find if communication, decision-makingand collaboration have been affected. The study follows aqualitative research method by interviewing workers from alarger IT-company in Östersund, Sweden (all with differentpositions) where questions are based on previous studies.Results tell us that there’s quite a lot of critical factors affectingdistributed workers from home. Mostly, the negative factors treatthe social process while the positive is flexibility and focus towork assignments. Communication and decision-making shownext to no changes but are affected mostly by chat. Collaborationhas not been affected as much as one might think because ofprevious experience and the use of informationtechnologieswithin distributed teams are mostly optimized for a situation inwhich we now are present. / Distribuerad systemutveckling har blivit mer aktuellt för varje årsom går och på grund av COVID-19 måste arbete nu ske hemifråndå social distansering är utfärdad på global skala. Tidigareforskning nämner kunskapsluckor inom kommunikation ochbeslutsfattande, samt hur de påverkats av en situation där arbetetvingats ske hemifrån. Hur den sociala processen, användningenav IT-verktyg, gränsen mellan hemma och arbete samtinformationsdelning hemifrån påverkats av denna omställning ärdärför några kategorier utifrån teorin som är intressanta attstudera.Syftet med denna studie var att identifiera kritiska faktorer dåarbete måste ske hemifrån i distribueradesystemutvecklingsprojekt samt att ta reda på hur kommunikation, beslutsfattande och samarbete har påverkats. Detta gjordesgenom en kvalitativ studie som behandlades av intervjuergrundade på tidigare forskning. Studien genomfördes medrespondenter från ett större IT-företag i Östersund där de somintervjuades hade olika roller i verksamheten.Resultatet visar att det finns en hel del kritiska faktorer då arbetemåste ske hemifrån i distribuerade systemutvecklingsprojekt. Demest negativa faktorerna kunde kopplas till den sociala processenoch de mest positiva faktorerna behandlade flexibiliteten ocharbetskoncentration. Kommunikation och beslutsfattande visardäremot inte några större förändringar men påverkas främst avchatt. Samarbete har inte heller sett än större förändring då deIT-verktyg som används inom distribuerade team är optimeradeför en situation som vi nu befinner oss vid och en vana finnssedan tidigare.

This thesis deals with the implementation of enterprise information system ERP in a construction company KORA-VODOSTAVING Ltd. In the first part, I briefly describe the theoretical framework and the background of the issue. The aim of the thesis is to reveal the critical factors and risks associated with the selection, implementation and operation of ERP system. The result of the thesis is not only the development of proposals to reduce the risks, but also time and economic evaluation of the project and my recommendations for the analyzed company.

This master thesis deals with the implementation of enterprise information system of ERP category in the company METAL STEEL INDUSTRY, spol. s.r.o. In the first part of the thesis is described the basic theoretical knowledge and information for a specific issue. The aim of this work is the detection and identification of critical factors and potential risks associated with the selection, implementation and subsequent operation of the enterprise information system. The output of this work is a time and economic evaluation of the project, creating proposals to reduce risks and create recommendations for the company.

New technology is a key to be able to evolve and be in thecutting edge in system development. System developmentteams within an organization, and the individuals within theteam, must adopt and accept new technology in a fast pace.Even though teamwork is a crucial part in the daily life of asystem developer, there is a lack of studies who has taken acloser look at teams in system development and theacceptance of new technology and working methods. Theauthors therefore saw the need to investigate the correlationbetween a system development team and the acceptance ofnew technology and working methods. The study hasexamined a government-controlled organization and theirwork with introducing development principles to the systemdevelopment teams. The aim of this study is “FromTechnology Acceptance Model 3 point of view identify criticalfactors who affects the acceptance of development principles for asystem development team.” To fulfill the aim a researchquestion has been constructed “What critical factors lie behindthe team´s acceptance of the development principles?”. Theresearch question has been answered on the basis of thequalitative research approach and semi-structuredinterviews. Where the analysis takes support of TAM3 toidentify the critical factors in TAM3. The analysis resulted infive critical factors which was considered to affect theacceptance of the development principles within a systemdevelopment team. The five identified factors wereExperience, Voluntariness, Output Quality, Job Relevance andResult Demonstrability. From the identified factors, Experiencewas considered as a factor who needs further studies wherefuture research can investigate different kinds of experienceand what role the different kinds of experience might havefor each individual factor that Experience influence / Inom systemutveckling är ny teknik en nyckel till att kunnautvecklas och ligga i framkant. Systemutvecklingsteam inomen organisation och individerna inom teamet behöver snabbtta till sig ny teknik och anpassa sina arbetsmetoder. Trots attteamarbete är en viktig del av en systemutvecklares arbetsdagså finns det få studier som tittat närmare på justsystemutvecklingsteam och acceptans av nya tekniker ocharbetsmetoder. Författarna såg därför behovet av att vidareundersöka korrelationen mellan systemutvecklingsteam och acceptansen av nya tekniker och arbetsmetoder. Studiengenomfördes hos en svensk myndighet där arbetet med attintroducera utvecklingsprinciper och hursystemutvecklingsteamen accepterat dessa undersöktes.Detta leder in på studiens syfte som är “Utifrån TechnologyAcceptance Model 3 identifiera kritiska faktorer som påverkar ettsystemutvecklingsteams acceptans av utvecklingsprinciper” För attuppfylla syftet har en forskningsfråga ställts: “Vilka kritiskafaktorer ligger bakom teamens acceptans avutvecklingsprinciperna?”. En kvalitativ ansats ochsemistrukturerade intervjuer har använts för att besvaraforskningsfrågan. Analysen genomfördes med stöd avTechnology Acceptance Model 3 vilket resulterade i fem kritiskafaktorer som ansågs påverka ett systemutvecklingsteamacceptans av utvecklingsprinciperna. De fem identifieradefaktorerna var: Experience, Voluntariness, Output Quality, JobRelevance och Result Demonstrability. Av dessa faktorer ansesExperience vara den faktor som behöver undersökasytterligare, där framtida forskning kan undersöka olika typerav erfarenheter och vilken roll de olika erfarenheterna spelarför respektive faktor som Experience i sin tur påverkar.

Study of the critical factors for TQM implementation throughout the years, and longitudinal analysis of secondary quality winners of prestigious awards such as the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award (MBNQA), is important. The longitudinal analysis in this research will enable verification that there are generic critical factors (CFs) for TQM implementation and generic critical areas of measurement (CAM) that if implemented fully and successfully will deliver excellence. Also, it will enable verification that these generic CFs help to ensure sustainable performance and this could help in answering how excellent organisations sustain their performance constantly. By studying what excellent organisations measure and what they place emphasis on throughout the year, the study will document measurements that have been used to sustain excellence and will consider empirically how these have led to tangible results over a period of twenty years; the study will examine MBNQA winners from 1988 until 2008. Finally, an excellence maturity assessment tool ¿assessment software¿ was developed as result of examining winning case studies over a long period of time, lists of critical factors of implementation (CFI) and critical areas of measurement (CAM) were extracted and used accompanied by the EFQM Excellence Model, and Zairi¿s two model ¿Index of Excellence¿ and ¿Ladder of Excellence¿. This formed the basis of the assessment tool developed; companies through this will be able to understand their level of excellence implementation and their position compared to world class organisations. / Government of Saudi Arabia represented by the Ministry of Higher Education

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T18:40:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JOAO ANTONIO SARDELLI NETO.pdf: 1201413 bytes, checksum: 16c2b87722246c16b36ddb6df57c0b79 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-06-12 / Due to the incapacity of the public sector to provide resources to support the demand for higher education, during the ten last years, the private education system became protagonist of an unprecedented expansion. Such an expansion created a situation of intense competition, in which only those institutions that may maintain a certain standard of quality for education will survive, supported by an appropriate system for the monitoring of the critical factors for success. The central focus of this study is to perform a test based upon a theoretical reference in order to observe and to treat the processes that affect the performance of a higher education institution, through a bibliographic research and submitting a proposal for a model that may be of interest of the managers of said entities. The proposal advances within the context of higher education institutions, in respect to Measuring the Performance of academic support Processes, in order to identify opportunities to eliminate wastes and to have a continuous improvement. The contribution of the Managerial Accounting for the implementation and monitoring of operational improvement initiatives is examined within a strategic point of view. General principles of Process Management are broached as a manner to create a conceptual basis for the elaboration of indexes that comply with the information requirements to guide the management process. The study submits an analysis of the results achieved, showing the possibility to eliminate wastes and to have a continuous improvement. The concept of Contribution Costing was applied for the classification of courses, by order of absolute value of its contribution towards the final result. The model has shown itself to be appropriate for the recommended objectives / Devido à incapacidade do setor público em prover recursos para suportar a demanda por ensino superior, nos últimos dez anos, o ensino privado acabou sendo protagonista de uma expansão sem precedentes. Este crescimento estabeleceu uma situação de intensa competitividade, devendo sobreviver apenas as instituições que consigam manter um padrão de qualidade no ensino, apoiada num sistema adequado para monitoramento dos fatores críticos de sucesso. O foco central do presente estudo é realizar um ensaio a partir de um referencial teórico para observação e tratamento dos processos que afetam o desempenho de uma instituição de ensino superior, mediante pesquisa bibliográfica e proposição de um modelo que possa ser do interesse dos gestores destas entidades. A proposta se desenvolve no contexto das instituições de ensino superior, no que se refere à Mensuração de Desempenho de Processos de apoio acadêmico, visando identificar oportunidades para eliminação de desperdícios e melhoria contínua. A contribuição da Contabilidade Gerencial para a implementação e monitoramento de iniciativas de melhorias operacionais é examinada dentro de um enfoque estratégico. Princípios gerais da Gestão por Processos são abordados como forma de criar um arcabouço conceitual para elaboração de indicadores que atendam os requisitos de informação para orientar o processo de gestão. O estudo apresenta uma análise dos resultados obtidos, através do modelo proposto para planejamento e controle dos processos selecionados, demonstrando potencial para eliminação de desperdícios e melhoria contínua. O conceito de Custeio por Contribuição foi aplicado para classificação dos cursos por ordem do valor absoluto da sua contribuição para o resultado. O modelo revelou-se adequado para os objetivos a que se propõe

Dans l’espoir d'améliorer l'efficacité, l’efficience, la qualité et la sécurité des soins de santé, la plupart des pays investissent dans l’informatisation de leur système de santé. Malgré l’octroi de ressources substantielles, les projets d'implantation d’un Dossier médical électronique (DME) font parfois l’objet d’une résistance importante de la part des utilisateurs au moment de leur implantation sur le terrain. Pour expliquer l’adoption d’un DME par les professionnels de la santé, plusieurs modèles théoriques ont été développés et appliqués. Une diversité de facteurs agissant à différents niveaux (individuel, organisationnel et liés à la technologie elle-même) a ainsi été identifiée. L’objectif de cette recherche est d’approfondir les connaissances empiriques quant aux facteurs influençant l’utilisation du DME chez les professionnels de la santé. Le devis de recherche repose sur une étude de cas unique avec douze entrevues et une observation non participante réalisées un an suite au lancement du processus d’implantation d’un DME auprès d’un groupe de médecine famille (GMF) au sein du Centre de santé et de services sociaux du Sud-Ouest-Verdun (Montréal, Canada). Dans le cadre de cette étude, l’analyse a permis l’identification de facilitateurs et de barrières influençant l’adoption du DME. Les facilitateurs étaient l’utilité perçue, la décision du GMF d’implanter le DME, le support de la direction ainsi que la présence de champions et de superutilisateurs. Les barrières les plus importantes étaient l’impact négatif sur le travail clinique, la fragmentation de l’information dans le DME ainsi que les problèmes liés à l’infrastructure technique. Cette connaissance permettra d’alimenter des stratégies visant à mieux répondre aux défis suscités par l’implantation du dossier médical électronique. / With the hope of improving the efficiency, effectiveness, quality, and safety of health care, most countries have made or are making investments to computerize their health systems. Despite the allocation of huge resources, the implementation of electronic medical records (EMR) has experienced significant resistance by end-users. Several theoretical models have been used to explain the adoption of an EMR by health care professionals, and a variety of factors acting on different levels have been identified: individual, organizational and related to the technology itself. The objective of this research is to deepen the level of knowledge about the factors influencing the adoption of EMRs by health professionals. This research is a single case study with nine interviews and one non-participant observation during the one-year period following the completion of the EMR-KinLogix implementation process in the Family Physician Group that is a part of the Health and Social Service Center Southwest Verdun (Montreal, Canada). The analysis identified facilitators and barriers to adoption. Facilitators were perceived usefulness, the decision of the family physician group to implement the EMR, managerial support, and the presence of champions and super users. The most important barriers were negative impact on clinical work, the fragmentation of information in the EMR and the problems of technical infrastructure. This knowledge will contribute to the challenge of outlining strategies for successful implementation of electronic medical records.

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Submitted by Nizi Salomão (nizisalomao@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-12-16T09:47:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Final _ Nizi Salomão.pdf: 2748688 bytes, checksum: f90306532d7509cc30409d7aa29d2dcc (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by ÁUREA CORRÊA DA FONSECA CORRÊA DA FONSECA (aurea.fonseca@fgv.br) on 2015-12-18T19:39:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Final _ Nizi Salomão.pdf: 2748688 bytes, checksum: f90306532d7509cc30409d7aa29d2dcc (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2015-12-21T18:47:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Final _ Nizi Salomão.pdf: 2748688 bytes, checksum: f90306532d7509cc30409d7aa29d2dcc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-21T18:47:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Final _ Nizi Salomão.pdf: 2748688 bytes, checksum: f90306532d7509cc30409d7aa29d2dcc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-30 / On the current business scenario, due to the speed of changes and information dynamism of contemporary world, it has been widely discussed how organizations can respond swiftly to these movements and thereby build a competitive advantage to ensure business sustainability. Despite the social and non-profit character of the Third Sector companies, this segment also looks for best management practices focused on results. From this perspective, thinking about how management by projects can promote positive change by leveraging actions and resources, this work aims to explore, through a case study, what are the success factors of the projects in a Third Sector Company, on health sector, specialized in oncology, in a time frame of twenty two (22) months. Multiple evidence sources were used: analysis of historical documentation of four (04) projects of avarage and high complexity, observation and accompaniment of five (05) professionals at the implementation stage of a highly complex project, verification of qualitative research maturity’s results in projects and research of project’s portfolio, through the report of twenty (20) health and administrative professionals. In the academic area, several studies had as its study object the critical success factors of the projects. However, is still needed to explore the subject on health sector. / No atual cenário empresarial, em consequência da velocidade das mudanças e do dinamismo das informações no mundo contemporâneo, vem sendo amplamente discutido como as organizações podem responder de forma célere a esses movimentos e, assim, construir uma vantagem competitiva para assegurar a sustentabilidade dos negócios. Não obstante o caráter social e não-lucrativo das empresas do Terceiro Setor, esse segmento também caminha na busca de práticas de gestão baseadas em resultados. Nessa perspectiva, pensando em como a gestão por projetos pode promover mudanças positivas pela potencialização de ações e recursos, este trabalho tem como objetivo explorar, por meio de um estudo de caso, os fatores críticos de sucesso dos projetos em uma empresa do Terceiro Setor do ramo da saúde, especializada em oncologia, em um horizonte temporal de vinte e dois (22) meses. Foram utilizadas múltiplas fontes de evidências: análise da documentação histórica de quatro (04) projetos de média e alta complexidades, observação e acompanhamento de cinco (05) profissionais na fase de execução de um projeto de alta complexidade, verificação dos resultados da pesquisa qualitativa de maturidade em projetos e investigação do portfólio de projetos, através do relato de vinte (20) profissionais de saúde e administrativos. Na área acadêmica, diversos estudos tiveram como objeto os fatores críticos de sucesso dos projetos. No entanto, existe a necessidade de exploração do tema no ramo da saúde.