A quantitative, descriptive and cross sectional study was conducted in four (4) health care facilities to determine whether pregnant women attending antenatal care are aware of danger signs of obstetric complications. The objectives of the study were to assess awareness of danger signs of obstetric complications and to associate demographic and obstetric factors with awareness of danger signs of obstetric complications among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Eastern Wollega zone. Data was collected by means of structured questionnaire from 384 pregnant women attending antenatal care in the 4 health facilities and analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 16 computer program. The findings revealed that the proportion of women who were aware of danger signs of obstetric complications was inadequate. Recommendations were made in line with the research findings / Health Studies / Health Studies / M.A. (Public Health)

La législation des installations classées pour la protection de l'environnement (ICPE) est généralement entendue comme un compromis entre la protection des intérêts économique et ceux de l'environnement. Cette thèse analyse la nature des termes de ce contrat social et, pour ce faire, elle étude des différents contentieux des ICPE, judiciaires (civil et pénal) et administratifs. Sont alors mises en évidence les difficultés structurelles pour réaliser cet objet qui tiennent aux manques d'une véritable représentation de l'environnement devant ces différentes juridictions. Cela en dépit des avancées législatives et constitutionnelles indéniables. Ce travail propose des pistes pour une réécriture de la police ICPE par une meilleure intégration des principes fondamentaux du développement durable, notamment, la précaution et la participation du public. Cette reformulation implique l'extension de la responsabilité sans faute à la précaution.

L’arménien occidental est classé comme langue en danger depuis 2010, mais il est enseigné dans un réseau d’écoles arméniennes à travers une diaspora mondiale, crée par un génocide en 1915. Les inscriptions sont en déclin dans les écoles du Moyen-Orient depuis quatre décennies, alors qu’en France on observe un développement des écoles privées. Toutes les écoles sont confrontées à une culture éducative en évolution. Les données sont collectées à Beyrouth, Amman, Paris et Marseille, et des participants venant d’Alep. L’approche est interdisciplinaire, poststructuraliste et constructiviste, dans le but de comprendre le rôle des politiques scolaires dans l’attractivité des écoles et dans la transmission linguistique et dans la promotion de la vitalité de la langue dans chaque contexte. L’analyse de discours est employée pour analyser les représentations de la langue et des écoles aux niveaux personnel et structurel. Les théories de la vitalité ethnolinguistique et de la socialisation linguistique aident à éclairer les liens entre la politique, le choix des parents, et la vitalité de la langue. Le choix des parents est approché du point de vue de la psychologie de la consommation, et finalement c’est la notion de l’habitus (de Bourdieu) qui éclaire le mieux les dynamiques de ce choix et pourquoi il constitue souvent une rupture définitive avec l’institution. L’étude montre que les politiques au-delà de l’institutionnel ont moins d’influence sur le maintien de la langue que l’inscription à l’école et les discours dominants. Des préconisations sont formulées pour des changements de la politique scolaire et de la pédagogie. / Western Armenian was declared “definitely endangered” in 2010, although the language is taught in private Armenian schools across a global diaspora created by a genocide in 1915. Enrollment in Armenian schools in the Middle East has been declining for four decades, while the Armenian schools of France are growing & evolving & all are facing a rapidly changing educational climate. Conducted in Beirut, Amman, Paris & Marseille, and involving participants from Aleppo, this study analyzes data from more than 100 diasporan Armenians and a dozen schools. An interdisciplinary, post-structuralist & constructivist approach is taken to understanding the roles of school policies in attracting parents to Armenian schools, in effectively transmitting the language to students, & promoting the vitality of the language in each of the four contexts. Discourse Analysis is applied to both structural & personal representations of the language & of the schools. Ethnolinguistic Vitality & Language Socialization theories are used to understand the connections between policy, parent school choice & the wider vitality of the language. Parent school choice is looked at in terms of consumer psychology, and ultimately Bourdieu’s concept of habitus is the most apt for explaining why Armenian parents choose non-Armenian schools, & why this often becomes a definitive family break from the institution. Policy above the school level is found to have less impact on vitality than school enrollment & dominant discourses on language maintenance. Recommendations are made for policies & pedagogy.

L’arménien occidental est classé comme langue en danger depuis 2010, mais il est enseigné dans un réseau d’écoles arméniennes à travers une diaspora mondiale, crée par un génocide en 1915. Les inscriptions sont en déclin dans les écoles du Moyen-Orient depuis quatre décennies, alors qu’en France on observe un développement des écoles privées. Toutes les écoles sont confrontées à une culture éducative en évolution. Les données sont collectées à Beyrouth, Amman, Paris et Marseille, et des participants venant d’Alep. L’approche est interdisciplinaire, poststructuraliste et constructiviste, dans le but de comprendre le rôle des politiques scolaires dans l’attractivité des écoles et dans la transmission linguistique et dans la promotion de la vitalité de la langue dans chaque contexte. L’analyse de discours est employée pour analyser les représentations de la langue et des écoles aux niveaux personnel et structurel. Les théories de la vitalité ethnolinguistique et de la socialisation linguistique aident à éclairer les liens entre la politique, le choix des parents, et la vitalité de la langue. Le choix des parents est approché du point de vue de la psychologie de la consommation, et finalement c’est la notion de l’habitus (de Bourdieu) qui éclaire le mieux les dynamiques de ce choix et pourquoi il constitue souvent une rupture définitive avec l’institution. L’étude montre que les politiques au-delà de l’institutionnel ont moins d’influence sur le maintien de la langue que l’inscription à l’école et les discours dominants. Des préconisations sont formulées pour des changements de la politique scolaire et de la pédagogie. / Western Armenian was declared “definitely endangered” in 2010, although the language is taught in private Armenian schools across a global diaspora created by a genocide in 1915. Enrollment in Armenian schools in the Middle East has been declining for four decades, while the Armenian schools of France are growing & evolving & all are facing a rapidly changing educational climate. Conducted in Beirut, Amman, Paris & Marseille, and involving participants from Aleppo, this study analyzes data from more than 100 diasporan Armenians and a dozen schools. An interdisciplinary, post-structuralist & constructivist approach is taken to understanding the roles of school policies in attracting parents to Armenian schools, in effectively transmitting the language to students, & promoting the vitality of the language in each of the four contexts. Discourse Analysis is applied to both structural & personal representations of the language & of the schools. Ethnolinguistic Vitality & Language Socialization theories are used to understand the connections between policy, parent school choice & the wider vitality of the language. Parent school choice is looked at in terms of consumer psychology, and ultimately Bourdieu’s concept of habitus is the most apt for explaining why Armenian parents choose non-Armenian schools, & why this often becomes a definitive family break from the institution. Policy above the school level is found to have less impact on vitality than school enrollment & dominant discourses on language maintenance. Recommendations are made for policies & pedagogy.

For my thesis I chose a topic related to the use and limits of the Internet for pupils of primary school in their free time, because I think that this issue is not given sufficient attention. The aim of my work, based on content analysis of literature and other sources and on the research among pupils, is to formulate risks associated with the use of the Internet by pupils of younger school age. Chapters of my thesis provide the readers to the issue of risk phenomena associated with the use of the Internet, which can affect mental and physical health of children. Readers will also find a chapter focused on existing projects dealing with the issue of Internet safety. And last but not least, the work is focused on the possibility of the use and safety of the sites mostly visited by children that resulted from the research. For my work I have drawn mainly from the many Internet publications and brochures, written by the experts in this issue, because the topic is relatively new and it is difficult to find books devoted to it. The work includes also research part, for which I chose the method of questionnaire survey, exploring outlined three areas - the use of the Internet, Internet safety and use of social networks by pupils of 3rd - 5th year of primary school. The results are placed in a table that...

Durante o ciclo de vida dos produtos químicos, é possível que estes sejam lançados no ambiente ou ainda que sejam absorvidos por indivíduos de uma população, podendo ocorrer danos ambientais ou alterações no estado de saúde desses indivíduos expostos. Por haver a possibilidade de riscos à saúde é imprescindível investigá-los nas diversas situações possíveis de exposição, a fim de estabelecer, quando necessário, medidas preventivas ou emergenciais, visando a proteção da população e das demais espécies presentes nos compartimentos ambientais. Um dos requisitos básicos para o processo de avaliação de risco é a identificação dos perigos que os produtos químicos podem oferecer à saúde devido suas propriedades químicas e fisico-químicas. Este estudo teve como finalidade realizar um levantamento sobre a existência de informações relativas à toxicidade e comportamento no ambiente de produtos químicos fabricados, importados e ou com capacidade de produção no Brasil maior que 500 toneladas por ano, os quais não estão sendo objeto de investigação nos principais programas atualmente existentes no mundo destinados à avaliação de risco de substâncias químicas. O método proposto por este estudo possibilitou uma análise crítica da falta de informação sobre dados de produção ou importação de produtos químicos utilizados no Brasil, além de possibilitar o levantamento sobre a existência de informações toxicológicas para produtos químicos fabricados em larga escala no país. Como resultado, foi constatado que apenas 3,9 % de 461 produtos químicos possuem as informações necessárias para o processo de avaliação inicial de risco. / Chemical products during their life cycle may be absorbed by individuals of the population, consequent1y causing environmental damage or interfering in the health of the exposed individuals. Due to the possibility of health risks, it is imperative to evaluate these risks in all possible situations. If needed, prevention and emergency measures, aiming at protecting the population and the species present in the environment, should be established. A basic requirement for risk assessment is the hazard presented to health by chemical products due to their physic-chemical properties. The objective of this paper was to raise the available data related to the toxicity and the impact on the environment of high volume chemicals manufactured, imported or with a production capacity in Brazil greater than 500 t/year, that are not included in the major world programs of risk assessment. The methodology used in this paper enabled a critical analysis of the lack of data on production or imports of chemicals used in Brazil, in addition to the screening of toxicological information for high production volume chemicals produced in Brazil. As a result, it was found that only 3,9% of the 461 chemicals have the information required for a initial risk assessment.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-05-04T13:39:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Michele Cia.pdf: 2227086 bytes, checksum: 76f6484ba46ba455d6ea486c9028a25e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-04T13:39:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Michele Cia.pdf: 2227086 bytes, checksum: 76f6484ba46ba455d6ea486c9028a25e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-16 / The present paper, using the hypothetical-deductive method, tested the hypothesis that requiring an individual to no longer be considered a risk to society in order to suspend the execution of a safety measure is inadequate, since paragraph 1 of article 97 of the penal code is not compatible with the constitution. In order to try to defeat this hypothesis, the emergence of the concept of dangerousness was analyzed, within the scope of criminological positivism; the concepts of abnormality and pathology and their relationship to dangerousness were investigated in a Foucaultian perspective; the psychiatric concept of dangerousness was examined; the (in)existence of free will and its relationship with the dangerous category was analyzed; the use of the dangerous category by National Socialism was examined; the concept of dangerousness was analyzed critically, in the scope of legal-penal dogmatism; the purpose of safety measures and requiring the individual to no longer be considered a risk to society in order to suspend the execution of a safety measure were analyzed; the foundations of the Federative Republic of Brazil, constitutional principles of criminal law and individual guarantees, as well as the rights of persons with mental health disorders in the domestic legal system and in international human rights treaties were studied at length; the practical purposes of safety measures and the operability of the dangerous category in its` legitimization were examined. The hypothesis proved to be true, resulting in the recognition of the illegitimacy of the dangerous category in the Brazilian legal system and, consequently, of the safety measures. The paper proposes a legislative amendment in the sense of the impossibility of recognizing the exclusion of imputability due to psychological anomalities and the end of the dualism of criminal sanctions / A presente pesquisa, através do método hipotético-dedutivo, testou a hipótese de que é inadequada a exigência da cessação da periculosidade como requisito para o fim da execução da medida de segurança, não tendo sido recepcionado pela Constituição Federal o dispositivo presente no § 1º do art. 97 do Código Penal. Para tentar falsear a hipótese, analisou-se o surgimento do conceito de periculosidade, no âmbito do positivismo criminológico; investigou-se os conceitos de anormalidade e de patologia e sua relação com a periculosidade, em uma perspectiva foucaultiana; perscrutou-se a psiquiatrização do conceito de periculosidade; analisou-se a (in)existência do livre-arbítrio e sua relação com a categoria da periculosidade; examinou-se a utilização da categoria da periculosidade pelo nacional-socialismo; analisou-se criticamente o conceito de periculosidade, no âmbito da dogmática jurídico-penal; analisou-se as finalidades da medida de segurança, e sua compatibilidade com a exigência da cessação da periculosidade como requisito para o fim da execução da medida de segurança; estudou-se detidamente os fundamentos da República Federativa do Brasil, os princípios constitucionais penais e as garantias individuais, assim como os direitos dos portadores de transtornos mentais no ordenamento jurídico interno e nos tratados internacionais de direitos humanos; e investigaram-se as finalidades práticas da medida de segurança e a operacionalidade da categoria da periculosidade em sua legitimação. A hipótese mostrou-se verdadeira, o que redundou no reconhecimento da ilegitimidade da categoria da periculosidade no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro e, em consequência, da própria medida de segurança. A pesquisa propõe alteração legislativa no sentido da impossibilidade de reconhecimento de inimputabilidade em razão de anomalia psíquica.e do fim do dualismo das sanções penais

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:32:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fabio Belloni.pdf: 826067 bytes, checksum: 4b72592f03c20164165290af64d84baf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-03 / The Statute of the Child and Adolescente (ECA) prevails that the maximum period for the fulfilment of social-educative action for internment petitioned against the adolescent is of 03 (three years) or when the young get 21 (twenty and one) years old. 7t happens, however, that if it has become practical one the maintenance of young infractors in social-educative action of internment for a period that exceeds the legal stated period. The prolongation of this action occurs in reason of the young done disgnostic of these as carrying ones of some mental pathology that, to the handle, would justify the obligatory internment. The creation of an institution in São Paulo (Experimental Unit of Health) destined exclusively to these young authors of infracional act comes in the bulge of the diffusion of the regimen of containment of the calls serious cases . The central objective of this work consists of investigating, focus and to discuss about problem of construction speech on the young author of infraction action, with approach in that subject to treatment in mental health, in order to form a picture of references for the agreement of involved medical treatment the and social-educative strategies in this containment. Our hypothesis obeys a triple movement. First in the definition of some legal landmarks that had taken to the construction of the politics for child and adolescent in Brazil. They indicate that the creation of an institution as the UES when making of the protection action an effective obligatory internment is directly on to the arrest tradition of Brazil, exactly after the advances of the ECA. In according to place, considering the theoretical picture of the structuralized modern punitive system in the works of Michel Foucault on the modern arrest institution, we could determine in such a way the direction of the security/danger while starters ethical slight knowledge of the modern punishment how much to verify that, since that invented, they had been directed to the phenomenon of the youthful delinquency. Finally, the agreement concerning the conditions was basic description-speech that point out the citizens implied in the gestures, educational experiences, know-powers and speeches in the interior of the speeches medical and resocializer: to think closer, therefore, the medical treatment and social-educative strategies with intention to recognize the abutments of the speech construction of the young author of infraction act. In this direction, the work appeals to the analysis of fragment of medical findings and the social reports that if destine to evaluate the situation of this young author submitted to some treatment in mental health (enrolled evaluations inside of the institution Foundation HOUSE and the legal processes of these young). Thus, we consider particularly the use and examination of the medical findings in criminal substance operated by the psychological double foucaultiano concept of ethical of the delict. in order to bring up as some qualifying that they circulate in the evaluations of these young justify its containment, representing rules determined for the speech / O Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (ECA) rege que o período máximo para o cumprimento de medida socioeducativa de internação impetrada contra o adolescente é de 03 (três anos) ou quando o jovem completar 21 (vinte e um) anos de idade. Acontece, porém, que tem se tornado uma prática a manutenção de jovens infratores em medida socioeducativa de internação por um período que excede o prazo legal. O prolongamento dessa medida ocorre em razão dos diagnósticos desses jovens como portadores de alguma patologia mental que, ao cabo, justificaria a internação compulsória. A criação de uma instituição em São Paulo (Unidade Experimental de Saúde) destinada exclusivamente a esses jovens autores de ato infracional vem no bojo da difusão do regime de contenção dos chamados casos graves . O objetivo central desse trabalho consiste em investigar, tematizar e problematizar a construção discursiva sobre o jovem autor de ato infracional, com enfoque naquele sujeito em tratamento em saúde mental, a fim de formar um quadro de referências para o entendimento das estratégias medicalizadoras e socioeducativas envolvidas nessa contenção. Nossa hipótese obedece a um triplo movimento. Primeiro na definição de alguns marcos legais que levaram à edificação das políticas para criança e adolescente no Brasil. Eles indicam que a criação de uma instituição como a UES, ao fazer da medida protetiva uma efetiva internação compulsória, está diretamente ligada à tradição encarceradora do Brasil, mesmo depois dos avanços do ECA. Em segundo lugar, considerando o quadro teórico do sistema punitivo moderno estruturado nos trabalhos de Michel Foucault sobre a instituição prisional moderna, pudemos determinar tanto o sentido da segurança/periculosidade, enquanto noções éticas inauguradoras da punição moderna, quanto verificar que, desde que inventadas, foram dirigidas ao fenômeno da delinquência juvenil. Finalmente, foi fundamental o entendimento das condições histórico-discursivas que situam os sujeitos implicados nos gestos, experiências, saberes-poderes e discursos educacionais, no interior dos discursos médico e ressocializador: pensar detidamente, portanto, as estratégias medicalizantes e socioeducativas, com intuito de reconhecer os pontos de apoio da construção discursiva do jovem autor de ato infracional. Nesse sentido, o trabalho recorre à análise de fragmentos de laudos médicos e de relatórios sociais que se destinam a avaliar a situação desse jovem autor submetido a algum tratamento em saúde mental (avaliações inscritas no interior da instituição Fundação CASA e dos processos legais desses jovens). Assim, consideramos particularmente a utilização e o exame dos laudos médicos em matéria penal operados pelo conceito foucaultiano de duplo psicológicoético do delito. A fim de trazer à tona uma reflexão sobre como alguns qualificativos que circulam nas avaliações desses jovens justificam sua contenção, representando regras determinadas pelo discurso

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:17:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ALBERTO ANTONIO COMUANA.pdf: 778088 bytes, checksum: 4b06b96c265342ef2e4baf20ac3d4006 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-08-01 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The present study appoints for a critical vision of the assistance given to the parents, specially to the person responsible for the child and adolescent in danger situation, who take part at Quixote project specially, and in another net equipments in São Paulo. It comes as a part of an anxiety which come up by our intervention close to the families with law wages in Mozambique and in Brazil, having as an objective the understanding of, how much important are the services offered by the Quixote project, to the life of the families of the youth in danger situation, making a qualitative evaluation refered to them and looking for the meaning of the studied families, of this practices. In this sense, we tried to understand the expectations of the attended people, the principles in relation with the developed work and the practices to get the importance given to the equipment, the needs fulfilled by the used practices drawing the social demographic profile, from the sample of the 10% of the attended families in 2003. Are studied: moment and the context where by, the family decided to look for help, the nature of the help searched for; Determined factors of the remaining of the family in attendance; identification of the way done by the families in this attendance net and the danger factors, pointed by the families, for the street situation among the off springs. We start from the acceptation of attendance as complementing the necessary cares for the specified situation of the attended ones, included in the family strategies to avoid the desertion and the luck of assistance of the kids and families adolescent, capable of suggesting alternatives, considered viables in facing the situations, through the welcome and the competent professional follow up, quantitative tecnics were used and qualitative of the data collection. Based on the historic and material vision of the social reality, concluded by the importance of the quality of the attendance, in the transformation of the practices and social representation and culturals, necessary before the claims presented by the families. The family acting always in the social system protection, any professional intervention, it has a meaning if integrated with considering, still, as a collective responsibility, the performance of public and social politics, is essential the presence of the state as its negotiator and financer, as a support to family development / O presente estudo constitui uma visão crítica da assistência prestada aos familiares, sobretudo da pessoa responsável pela criança e pelo adolescente em situação de risco, que freqüenta o Projeto Quixote em particular e outros equipamentos da rede, em São Paulo. Surge como parte das inquietações suscitada pela nossa intervenção junto a famílias de baixa renda em Moçambique e no Brasil, tendo como objetivos compreender o lugar que as práticas de atendimento oferecidas pelo Projeto Quixote ocupam na vida das famílias dos jovens em situação de risco, fazendo uma avaliação qualitativa do alcance das mesmas e procurando o significado, para as famílias estudadas, dessas práticas. Neste sentido, procurou entender as expectativas dos sujeitos atendidos, os princípios em relação ao trabalho desenvolvido e as práticas para apreender a importância atribuída ao equipamento, as necessidades satisfeitas pelas práticas utilizadas, traçando o perfil sociodemográfico, a partir de uma amostra de 10% das famílias ali atendidas no ano de 2003. São estudados: momento e contexto em que a família decide procurar ajuda; natureza do auxílio buscado; fatores determinantes da permanência (adesão) da família no atendimento; identificação do percurso percorrido pelas famílias na rede de atendimento e os fatores de risco, apontados pelos familiares, para situação de rua entre a prole. Partimos de uma concepção do atendimento enquanto complementar aos cuidados necessários para situações específicas dos atendidos, incluído nas estratégias familiares para evitar o abandono e a falta de assistência das crianças e adolescentes da família, capaz de propor-lhes alternativas consideradas viáveis no enfrentamento das situações, mediante o acolhimento e o acompanhamento profissional competente. Utilizaram-se técnicas quantitativas e qualitativas de coleta de dados. Fundamentado na visão histórica e material da realidade social, conclui pela importância da qualidade do atendimento na transformação de práticas e representações sociais e culturais, necessárias diante das demandas apresentadas pelas famílias. Estando a família sempre atuante no sistema de proteção social, qualquer intervenção profissional só tem sentido se a ela integrada. Considerando, ainda, como responsabilidade coletiva a execução de políticas públicas e sociais, é essencial a presença do Estado como seu agenciador e financiador, como suporte ao desenvolvimento familiar

L’enfant est un être en devenir, vulnérable et qui doit être protégé. Pour satisfaire cet objectif, le législateur a choisi de construire avec les ordonnances des 2 février 1945 et 23 décembre 1958, un appareil de justice spécialisé capable d'assurer la sécurité de l'enfant en danger et d'éduquer le mineur délinquant. Dans un droit en perpétuel mouvement, l'objectif de ce travail de recherche est de mesurer l'influence contemporaine du marqueur spécialisé irriguant la construction de notre système de justice des mineurs tutélaire, tant sur le plan de l'organisation juridictionnelle que de la procédure suivie par l'ensemble des juridictions. Les récentes transformations du droit des mineurs français et l'évolution de différents systèmes de justice européens le démontrent, l'avenir de ce repère est menacé car le modèle de justice tutélaire dans lequel il s'exprime est en crise. Il subit la concurrence d'un paradigme nouveau cherchant à responsabiliser l'enfant : la justice managériale. Dès lors, le marqueur spécialisé se trouve à la croisée de son histoire tandis que sa survie dépend des choix opérés par le législateur. Conscient de cette réalité, celui-ci a récemment entrepris une restauration qu'il faut encore parachever. / The child is a person at a development stage, vulnerable who must be protected. To complete this objective, the legislator chosen to build with 1945 February 2nd and 1958 December 23th ordinaries, a specialized justice system able to assure the safety of child at risk and educate juvenile delinquent In a law in perpetual movement, the objective of this research is to measure the contemporary influence of the specialized marker irrigating the construction of our juvenile justice system, both on plan of the jurisdictional organization and the procedure followed by all the jurisdictions The recent transformations of the French juvenile law and the evolution of various European systems of justice demonstrate it, the future of this mark is threatened because the wellfare model in which it expresses itself is in crisis. It undergoes the competition of one new paradigm which is trying to give more responsibilities to the child: the managerial justice. Aware of this reality, this one recently began a restoration which is again necessary to complete.