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The present study deals with the scope of action available to a social worker when analyzing, assessing and proposing measures regarding young persons experiencing social problems. The interest in the subject area emanates from the fact that the number of youth placed in different forms of round the clock out-of-home care in Sweden increases, whereas research in the subject shows that such placement gives few positive results and sometimes even has negative consequences for their development. The study investigates how the preconditions of the social worker influence their scope of possible action, in particular as regards their place of work, the situation of the individual dealt with, and the profession itself being one based both on scientific evidence and knowledge gained by experience. Lipsky’s theory on ”street-level bureaucracy” and Hasenfelds theory on human servicing organizations form the theoretical framework of the present study. The empirical input comes from interviews with focus groups of active social workers. The analysis of the interviews shows that social workers generally feel that they have a broad scope of action as far as the regulatory framework and office management are concerned. They have, however, less room of manoeuvre when it comes to the resources of their place of work and their ability to use the whole range of possible measures may be limited by an insufficient level of experience and a weak management structure. According to the interviews social workers feel that the situation of the juvenile clients themselves constitutes the most limiting factor. It is evident that placements in out-of-home care are almost exclusively done for protective reasons, when the social worker sees no other possibility to break a seriously destructive way of life.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 166-178). / Microfiche. / xv, 178 leaves, bound ill. 29 cm

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2008. / Title from first page of PDF file (viewed August 13, 2008). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

The aim with this study was to examine how middle managers in their position in the middle of an organization perceive their occupational role and its possibilities and limitations in the light of leadership in social work. Our study was conducted by qualitative research through semi-structured interviews in a middle-sized municipality in the southern part of Sweden. A total of eight middle managers were interviewed, four operating within the care of older persons and four operating within the care of persons with disabilities. The results showed that the middle managers felt like several groups had different expectations of their occupational role and most of them found that the solution was to prioritize and to be able to decide themselves how their work should be executed. Role conflicts could arise when the expectations between different groups or between other expectations and the middle managers’ expectations of themselves collided. These role conflicts became especially clear when the middle manager did not agree with what the political administration demanded. Conversely, the middle managers also mentioned advantages with operating in a political organization. Generally, the middle managers expressed adequate opportunities to influence their organization and occupational role, despite having several rules and guidelines to follow. Furthermore, the middle managers operating within the care of older persons had their offices together with the staff, whereas the middle managers operating within the care of persons with disabilities had their offices together with other middle managers. While their geographical positions were this different, both sides were generally content with their current position and expressed that it was positive for their leadership and role. Steadily having to balance different tasks and live up to different expectations was expressed as both a difficulty and as the aspect that made the profession enjoyable.

Sedan år 2005 måste samtliga svenska börsnoterade företag presentera sin finansiella information samtredovisningen av densamma i enlighet med standarden IFRS. Detta har resulterat i att företagsledningenssubjektiva tolkningar, något som skapat möjligheter för ledningen att påverka redovisningen. Detta kanförklaras genom Agency Theory och Positive Accounting Theory, vilka beskriver att ledningen antas ageraopportunistiskt, i syfte att maximera sin egennytta. Ledningen tenderar att manipulera företagsredovisning, varav goodwill kan användas som en resultatjusterare.Denna studie belyser hur ledningens handlingsutrymme påverkar företags redovisning av goodwill,betingat av den organisatoriska nivån. Studiens hypoteser formas utifrån organisationsnivåns olikafaktorer, vilka även testas för att se hur faktorerna påverkar företags redovisning av goodwill. För attundersöka studiens syfte används en positivistisk forskningsfilosofi och därmed kvantitativforskningsdesign, vilket präglas av en deduktiv ansats. Insamling av data har åstadkommits via företagsårsredovisningar, något som sedan sammanställts.Studiens resultat indikerar att ju högre skuldsättning och starkare ägarkoncentration, desto mindregoodwill redovisar ledningen. Har företag en låg skuldsättning och svag ägarkoncentration leder det tillökat handlingsutrymme och därmed en potentiellt högre andel redovisad goodwill.Studien bidrar till insikt kring hanteringen av goodwill och att ledningens handlingsutrymme har enpotentiell inverkan på redovisningen av goodwill. Dessutom tillför studien kunskap för vilka faktorer sompåverkar företags redovisningsval. Avslutningsvis bidrar uppsatsen till ökade möjligheter att jämförastudiens resultat med tidigare studier, vilket kan resultera i att ägarna kan få mer kännedom om hur debäst reducerar ledningens handlingsutrymme och dess opportunistiska beslut. / Since year 2005 all Swedish listed companies has to present their financials and accountingaccording to the standard IFRS. This has allowed the management to make subjectiveinterpretations, which in turn has elaborated opportunities to influence the accounting. Thosepossibilities can be explained by Agency Theory and Positive Accounting Theory, which presumethe management acting opportunistically, in order to maximize self-interest. Management tend tomanipulate companies accounting, whereof goodwill can be used as an adjuster of results.The thesis disambiguate how management discretion affect companies accounting of goodwill,contingent of the organizational level. The thesis hypothesis elaborates thru factors of theorganizational level, which are also tested in order to see how the variables affect businesscorporations accounting of goodwill. A positive research philosophy is used in order to analyze thethesis purpose. The data collection has been accomplished using the company's annual reports.The thesis results indicates that the higher debt and stronger concentration of ownership, the lessamount goodwill is accounted. If companies has a lower debt and weaker concentration ofownership, it increases management discretion and thereby a potentially higher amount of goodwill.The thesis contribute to knowledge about managing goodwill and that management discretion hasa potentially impact on the accounting of goodwill. Finally, the thesis contributes to increasedopportunities to compare the thesis results with previous studies, which may result in the ownersbeing able to get more knowledge of how they best reduce management discretion and itsopportunistically decisions.

Ever since the 1960s, it has been argued that customer needs have to be a firm's core business purpose. One way for firm to achieve this, is through use of market orientation strategies. Recent research has found that shared leadership could have a positive effect on market orientation, as well as within top management teams. The ability that top management teams have to influence the organization, is further found to be effected by the level of discretion they operate within. This thesis seeks to explain the relationship between shared leadership within top management teams and market orientation, and how this relationship in turn might be contingent on perceived contextual discretion. This is done through a quantitative method, where a survey study is done on the top management teams in Swedish saving banks. The findings of this thesis show that shared leadership is positively related with market orientation, and that this relationship is not contingent on perceived contextual discretion. The variable of perceived contextual discretion was, however, found to have the effect of an independent variable with a strong positive direct effect on market orientation within the financial sector. One limitation of this thesis is that the statements for perceived contextual discretion has been developed only from concepts, and have not been tested in any previous study. This brings with it a risk that these statements did not measure the concept in the most optimal way. The theoretical contributions of this thesis are how perceived contextual discretion is found to have a direct effect on market orientation. This further imply that perceived contextual discretion has an effect on the level of market orientation within a firm.

This study aims to describe and analyze how organizational requirements affect social workers in their work with child investigations in four municipalities in southern Sweden. We used focus groups interviews as a method and gathered data from four groups of 3-4 social workers. Once groups were established we presented the participants with a vignette study, and ended every session with general questions about different organizational requirements and how they affect their work. In the study we wanted to answer two questions: 1. How do the social workers describe different organizational requirements affecting their work with child welfare investigations? 2. How do the social workers work to meet the organizational requirements? To analyze the results we used Lipsky’s definition of discretion, grassroot-bureaucrats and people-processing organizations. The results from the focus group interviews was analyzed and showed that economical restrictions and documentational work were two major organizational requirements that the social workers were affected by. These components are a part of New Public Management (NPM) that is a management method that aim to make organizations work more effectively. Our results showed that the social workers had some economical restrictions regarding the range of efforts to offer a family due to the savings requirements that existed in the municipalities. The results also showed that the social workers experiences that they had a workload too high for their resources sometimes. Because of this, the social workers had developed strategies to cope with documentation requirements.

Submitted by Edileide Reis (leyde-landy@hotmail.com) on 2013-04-17T19:08:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Tiago Bockie.pdf: 1286918 bytes, checksum: 7f11d7e76a393ef5e317ae833ceae8fe (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Meirelles(rodrigomei@ufba.br) on 2013-05-09T18:08:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Tiago Bockie.pdf: 1286918 bytes, checksum: 7f11d7e76a393ef5e317ae833ceae8fe (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-09T18:08:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Tiago Bockie.pdf: 1286918 bytes, checksum: 7f11d7e76a393ef5e317ae833ceae8fe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de verificar a extensão e os limites do controle jurisdicional sobre o ato administrativo impositivo de sanção disciplinar. A partir da evolução do modelo de estado, surge o Estado Constitucional e Democrático de Direito, responsável por introduzir no Direito Administrativo uma nova construção teórica que permite a releitura de institutos jurídicos. Sustenta-se que, no âmbito do Direito Administrativo contemporâneo, cuja finalidade precípua é a defesa do cidadão e a efetivação de direitos fundamentais, a discricionariedade administrativa deve ser dissociada do conceito de mérito administrativo e não pode ser concebida como liberdade de escolha do administrador público. Para tanto, analisa-se a evolução do modelo de Estado e do modelo jurídico que lhe oferece suporte, a fim de que se demonstre a existência de um direito fundamental ao controle jurisdicional sobre os atos administrativos. O estudo acerca do processo administrativo disciplinar, com a investigação dos princípios que compõem o regime jurídico disciplinar, a definição da natureza jurídica da sanção disciplinar e os problemas que se verificam na prática administrativa oferecem subsídios para a compreensão da extensão e dos limites do controle jurisdicional sobre o ato administrativo disciplinar. / Salvador

Submitted by Marina Montes Bastos (marina.montes.bastos@gmail.com) on 2015-03-31T09:01:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Marina Montes Bastos - AAE no Contexto Brasileiro.pdf: 1201201 bytes, checksum: 3573e45eceb7cd86ef456ee292984a21 (MD5) / Rejected by Suzinei Teles Garcia Garcia (suzinei.garcia@fgv.br), reason: Prezada Marina boa noite, Fundação Getulio Vargas não tem acento; segunda página é a contra capa; Data da Apresentação e não do exame; Agradecimento recuo somente na primeira linha as demais justificadas (o mesmo do resumo). Qualquer dúvida estou à disposição. Att. Suzi - 3799-7876 on 2015-03-31T22:10:37Z (GMT) / Submitted by Marina Montes Bastos (marina.montes.bastos@gmail.com) on 2015-04-01T16:08:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Marina Montes Bastos - AAE no Contexto Brasileiro.pdf: 1201148 bytes, checksum: cf05cf8730a711a79d299dc684adc0df (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Suzinei Teles Garcia Garcia (suzinei.garcia@fgv.br) on 2015-04-01T17:16:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Marina Montes Bastos - AAE no Contexto Brasileiro.pdf: 1201148 bytes, checksum: cf05cf8730a711a79d299dc684adc0df (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-01T17:33:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marina Montes Bastos - AAE no Contexto Brasileiro.pdf: 1201148 bytes, checksum: cf05cf8730a711a79d299dc684adc0df (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-09 / This work aims to study the instrument called Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) applied in the Brazilian context, to discover (1) if SEA in Brazil can be effective in the sense of actually influencing decision-making and change the environmental culture regarding the environment; (2) which factors can influence this effectiveness; and (3) in which way the legal-institutional dimension can influence effectiveness in Brazil. To do so, this work will first make a literature overview about SEA and effectiveness, adopting the premise that effectiveness, for the proposals of this work, is equal to ―real influence of SEA in decision-making processes and change of governmental view regarding the environment‖ – which may consequently promote sustainable development. This first part will also describe the main advantages, challenges and good practices of SEA presented by literature, and briefly describe SEA institutionalization in Brazil and the Netherlands (as an example of a successful case). In the second part, it will present a case study of the SEA made for Hydroelectric Generation Program of Minas Gerais (PGHMG), to verify its effectiveness and which factors have interfered in it. The third topic will then extract lessons learned from the PGHMG case, especially concerning the legal-institutional dimension of SEA, and how it can influence SEA effectiveness. The question to be answered, in the third part of this work, is whether an open rule that gives plenty of opportunity for the government to decide if, when and how to implement SEA (as in the PGHMG case) is the ideal rule in the Brazilian context. Our hypothesis is that SEA has the potential to be used effectively in the decision making process of the Brazilian government and to alter the governmental view regarding the environment, having the power to promote sustainable development, despite having to overcome considerable obstacles related to policy and institutional issues; to be implemented in a national scale, still according to our hypothesis, it is necessary to develop more restrictive rules regarding administrative discretion, in order to create an obligatory SEA procedure by the government. / Este trabalho tem por objetivo estudar o instrumento denominado Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica (AAE) aplicado ao contexto brasileiro, para descobrir (1) se a AAE pode ser efetiva no sentido de influenciar de fato a tomada de decisão e alterar a cultura governamental em relação ao meio ambiente; (2) quais fatores podem influenciar a efetividade; e (3) de que forma a dimensão jurídico-institucional pode influenciar a efetividade. Para tanto, este trabalho fará, em primeiro lugar, um referencial teórico sobre a AAE e sua efetividade, adotando a premissa de que efetividade, para os efeitos deste trabalho, é o mesmo que 'a influência real da AAE no processo de tomada de decisão e a alteração da visão governamental a respeito do meio ambiente' – o que pode por consequência promover o desenvolvimento sustentável. Esta primeira parte também apresentará as vantagens, obstáculos e boas práticas da AAE de acordo com a literatura, e brevemente descreverá a institucionalização da AAE no Brasil e na Holanda (como um exemplo de caso bem sucedido). Na segunda parte, será apresentado um estudo de caso da AAE feita para o Programa de Geração Hidrelétrica de Minas Gerais (PGHMG), a fim de verificar sua efetividade e quais fatores tiveram influência sobre ela. O terceiro tópico então extrairá lições do caso PGHMG, especialmente considerando a dimensão jurídico-institucional da AAE, e como ela pode influenciar sua efetividade. A questão a ser respondida, nesta terceira parte do trabalho, é se uma norma aberta que dá ampla oportunidade para o governo decidir se, quando e como implementar a AAE (como no caso PGHMG) é a regra ideal no contexto brasileiro. A hipótese deste trabalho é de que a AAE tem a potencialidade de ser efetivamente utilizada no processo de tomada de decisão governamental brasileiro e alterar a visão governamental a respeito do meio ambiente, possuindo o condão de promover o desenvolvimento sustentável, apesar de ter de superar obstáculos consideráveis relacionados a questões políticas e institucionais; para ser implementada em escala nacional, ainda segundo a nossa hipótese, é necessário desenvolver normas mais restritivas em relação à discricionariedade administrativa, de forma a criar um procedimento de AAE obrigatório pelo governo.