Title: Creation of marketing communication within the business plan of the new created e-shop Objective: The main goal of the final diploma thesis will be the creation of marketing communication for the new created online store. Methods: The theoretical and practical knowledge of internet marketing acquired during the study of the issue and in the long-term employment relationship in the area of social media was used to write the final diploma thesis. It were used qualitative research methods, such as focus group and in-depth interview. Also these methods of qualitative research together with informal interviews helped to analyse the appropriate tools of marketing communication. Results: The result of the final diploma thesis is the creation of a marketing communication campaign for the new internet shop. The campaign focuses on advertisement on social network and paid PPC advertisement. Realizing adverts on social network is planned for Facebook and Instagram platforms, which are currently a very powerful tool for marketing communications. PPC ad placement is designed for Google's web search engine, which also has a high potential for marketing communications. Other elements of the proposed marketing communications are questionnaire, e-mailing, search engine optimization and competition. The...

The thesis is focused on the influence of media education of the ability of students of the second grade of elementary schools to interpret media communication. The reader will be provided an insight into the issue of media and their influence on a person with a main focus on the students of the second grade of elementary school. The second part of this thesis present the concept of media education, it offers a proposal for a block of media education with assessment of the impal of teaching on the respektive competencies of the students. The effectiveness of the teaching will be assessed through research surveys designed as a qualitative comparison of students' testimonies after completing a media education course, using the group interview Focus group. The questions are focused on the critical analysis of media communication, whereas students' answers are compared with a control group that was not equally educated. KEYWORDS advertisement, influence, focus group, media, mass media, media education, second grade of elementary school

Text in Afrikaans / The focus of this qualitative study was the perceptions of parents regarding their toddlers' regressive behaviour. For the purposes of this study the term perceptions relates to both the impressions in a persons' consciousness as well as the result thereof. The researcher compiled a conceptual framework from the existing literature and then carried out the empirical study. A focus group of four parents' whose toddler or toddlers showed regressive behavior at the time of the study was compiled. A focusgroup discussion was held where the parents described their perceptions of their toddlers' regressive behaviour. The focus group discussion was recorded both by video camera as well as a digital recorder with the consent of all focus group participants, after which it was transcribed. Recurring themes were identified from the transcribed data and verified with literature. Qualitative data were obtained that answered the research question. / Social work / M.Diac.

Este trabalho propõe um modelo matemático destinado à estimativa da profundidade de carbonatação e à previsão de vida útil de projeto de estruturas de concreto, envolvendo variáveis de entrada de fácil obtenção (como resistência à compressão, tipo de cimento, umidade relativa, entre outras). Com base no conhecimento de experts (grupo focal) criou-se o banco de dados que deu origem ao modelo, o qual considera as principais variáveis de influência na ação da carbonatação, incluindo: às características do concreto (resistência à compressão do concreto aos 28 dias, o tipo de cimento empregado, o teor de adição, quando houver); às condições de exposição (macro clima - ambiente interno ou externo, protegido ou não da chuva); e, às condições ambientais (umidade relativa média da região de exposição da estrutura e o teor de CO2 do ambiente). O modelo matemático proposto baseou-se no ajuste de dados considerando as leis físico-químicas pertinentes, o qual foi testado com dados de investigações experimentais realizadas por outros pesquisadores. Os resultados indicam que o mesmo representa a ação da carbonatação do concreto, apresentando potencial de generalização. Também foi empregado para a previsão de vida útil de projeto, com uma abordagem probabilística via Simulação de Monte Carlo (SMC) e Análise de confiabilidade, inserindo as variabilidades existentes no processo de degradação. Os resultados das simulações demonstram que o modelo pode ser empregado para estimativa de vida útil via processos estocásticos. O modelo foi desenvolvido essencialmente para servir como um suporte para a análise da durabilidade de estruturas de concreto armado em ambiente urbano, podendo ser empregado tanto para a estimativa da profundidade de carbonatação do concreto quanto para a previsão de vida útil de projeto de estruturas novas ou existentes, com abordagem determinística ou probabilística. As maiores vantagens do modelo são relacionadas à entrada de dados os quais podem ser obtidos com relativa facilidade, à facilidade de aplicação e ao potencial de generalização. / This research work proposes a mathematical model to estimate carbonation depths and the service life prediction of concrete structures using easily accessible input variables (such as compressive strength, cement type, relative humidity, etc.). The model was designed using a database which was developed using the knowledge of experts (focus group). This database assesses the main variables that affect carbonation in concrete (compressive strength at 28 days, type of cement, concentration of addition, if applicable), exposure conditions (macroclimate – indoors or outdoors, exposure to rain) and environmental conditions (mean relative humidity and carbon dioxide concentration of the area where the structure is located). The proposed model was tested using experimental data from other researchers and the results suggest that it accurately represents the effects of carbonation in concrete, with results that can be expanded to other structures. The mathematical model was also applied to forecasts of the service life of a project using the probabilistic approach of Monte Carlo methods (MC) and an analysis of reliability that accounted for the intrinsic variability found in decay processes. The results of the simulations show that the model can be used to estimate the service life of a project using a stochastic technique. The model was developed to serve mainly as a supporting feature in the assessment of durability in reinforced concrete structures in urban environments and can be applied both to estimates of carbonation depths and to the service life prediction of projects of new or existing structures, using deterministic or probabilistic approaches. The major benefits offered by this model are related to the input of data, which are readily available, its ease of use and its potential for application in general situations.

This thesis describes a research investigation into the implementation of the Last Planner System (LPS) in Nigeria, to improve construction processes within the Nigerian construction industry. LPS is known to be the most developed practical use of Lean Construction. It focuses on minimising the negative impacts of variability, uncertainties, buffers, making projects more predictable, creating reliable work plans and convalescing collaborative planning. However, the Nigerian construction industry is associated with a number of challenges which impair its performance. These challenges were grouped and classified into six major barriers: these include: supervision and quality control, fluctuation and variations, subcontractor involvement, resistance to change, cultural issues, and lengthy approvals. Consequently, a Design Science Research (DSR) approach is adopted to evaluate the effectiveness of implementing LPS in construction projects in Nigeria. In order to achieve this aim, an Action Research strategy is adopted and three case studies are reported; two of these cases describe how LPS was successfully implemented in construction projects within Nigeria. While the third case involved an investigation into the state of production plan reliability, of a successful project in Nigeria. These projects were selected based on non-probabilistic sampling from different geographical locations in Nigeria to represent different kinds of construction projects within the country. The first and second cases involved the implementation of LPS within the construction of a prototype student’s hostel and the construction a 4 Kilometre single carriageway road respectively. The third on the other hand involved the construction of a multipurpose hydro-power dam project; where comparisons were made between typical LPS projects and the project management techniques applied within the project. Data was collected through observation site activities, interviews, documentary analysis and questionnaire survey. The data generated was subsequently analysed by means of content analysis and evaluated in terms of its reliability, validity, representativeness, flexibility, rigour and reflexivity. In view of the LPS implementation within the two case studies, six barriers were identified and classified together with the six barriers associated with the Nigerian Construction industry. These barriers were linked, measured and ranked in averages of their degrees of occurrences. It was revealed that the major barriers were cultural issues and resistance to change, while the others include; lengthy approval, subcontractor’s involvement, poor supervision and quality, fluctuations and variations. Hence, a framework was developed to mitigate these barriers, when implementing LPS in construction projects in Nigeria. The main steps of the framework include: the need to identify purpose; the need to identify stakeholders impact; the need to obtain Sponsorship; the need to build a cross functional team; the need to create measurement indices; the need for training on Lean techniques and LPS; and finally the need to create a right working climate. Furthermore a focus group between construction practitioners was organised to test and evaluate the framework developed. It was revealed from the focus group that the framework has the potential to facilitate the implementation process as proposed.

Intresset kring hälsosam mat tycks vara större än någonsin. Vi matas med olika råd från experter, bloggar, myndigheter och vänner som berättar för oss hur vi ska äta för att uppnå god hälsa. Inte sällan ser råden olika ut beroende på vilken källa de kommer ifrån. Detta kan leda till en förvirrad bild av hälsa och vilka kostråd som man som konsument egentligen bör följa. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka unga kvinnors syn på vad som är en hälsosam kost. Studien syftar till att erhålla en djupare förståelse kring olika uppfattningar om relationen mellan kost och hälsa. I denna studie har en kvalitativ metod i form av fokusgruppsintervjuer använts. Materialet har sedan analyserats utifrån Belascos teoretiska ramverk om den kulinariska triangeln av motsättningar. Resultaten visar att hälsosam kost är ett balanserande mellan exempelvis det njutningsfulla och det förbjuda. Kvinnorna har en subjektiv uppfattning om vad som är hälsosamt och begreppet präglas därmed av en individuell tolkning. Vidare ses hälsosam kost som något hemlagat. Resultaten visar även att hälsosam kost är press och påtryckningar. Exempelvis upplever informanterna ångest och prestationskrav kring att äta på ett visst sätt. Kvinnorna får sin information om kost från olika källor, men litar mest på sina egna bedömningar. Faktorer som speglar valet av mat hos unga kvinnor är främst kopplade till identitet samt ansvar för miljön och den egna hälsan. Utifrån denna studie kan det dras slutsatser om att hälsosam kost upplevs individuellt olika. Vad som ses som hälsosamt för en person kan ses som mindre hälsosamt hos en annan. För att uppnå balans och välbefinnande skapar unga kvinnor sin egen bild av hälsa. Utifrån offentliga råd och råd från familj och vänner, gör kvinnorna sin egen bedömning och denna ses även som mest trovärdig. Det kan därmed ses som en utmaning för exempelvis myndigheter att nå ut med evidensbaserade råd om hälsa och kost. / The interest around healthy food seems to be larger than ever. Daily we receive different advice from experts, bloggers, authority and friends who tell us what we should eat to achieve good health. The advice is often different depending who the sender is. This could lead to a confused image of health and what dietary advice you as a consumer should follow. The aim of this study is to examine young women’s view of what characterizes a healthy diet. The purpose is to obtain a deeper understanding around different perceptions regarding the relation between food and health. This study includes a qualitative method and focus groups. The data has been analyzed through Belasco’s theory about the culinary triangle of contradictions. The results show that healthy food is a balance between for example the enjoyable and the forbidden. The women have a subjective perception of what they consider healthy and the concept is therefore characterized by an individual interpretation. Furthermore healthy food is seen as something that is homemade. The results also show that healthy food is a pressure. For example the informants are experiencing demands to perform and anxiety regarding eating in a particular way. The women receive their information from different sources, but depend mostly on their own assessments. Factors that have an impact on the choice of food for the young women are mainly linked to identity and responsibility for the environment and their own health. Based on this study conclusions can be drawn that healthy food is perceived individually different. What is seen as healthy varies between individuals. To achieve balance and well being young women create their own picture of health. Based on public advice and advice from family and friends, women form a personal view of healthy food, which is seen as most reliable. It can thus be seen as a challenge for authorities to reach out to the public with evidence based advices regarding health and food.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:39:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 3630.pdf: 3396725 bytes, checksum: 17139bc0f9a2522493ec8ceb48e736b5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-24 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / This work falls within the field of science teaching aimed at the Brazilian high school and want to investigate some of its relations with an evaluation model, specifically the National Secondary Education Examination (Enem); aiming thus, conduct a study of this examination and discourse of practice teachers in a public school School of São Carlos (SP) of this assessment, based on theoretical assumptions of the STS / STSE for believing that there are close relations that can be woven between these dimensions. As such, there is a documentary analysis of the proposal and proof of Natural Sciences and Technologies and its held focus groups and semi-structured interviews with teachers of high school to a state school in San Carlos, basing on the methodology qualitative analysis, with emphasis on content analysis. In document analysis skills and abilities were observed subtle approaches to STS / CTSA, particularly with regard to the ambivalence of scientific and technological development. The test analysis of natural sciences and their technologies in 2009, also showed shallow approaches to STS / CTSA, since 60% of the questions the aspects of science were not treated with any reasonable dimensions and influences. The context was used in most of the time, as an illustration and not for transformation a reality, and interdisciplinarity was absent in 60% of the questions basically. According to the results found in teaching discourse, evidence of the Enem emphasize social and environmental issues, science is treated as charged content, and technology in specific moments. Furthermore, teachers believe that the context and the interdisciplinary, often show themselves to unnecessary. Moreover, in their speech, there was appreciation of the Enem after its change, which occurred in 2009, the frequent use of examination questions in the classroom as well as the change in focus from teachers to treat the Enem. Regarding the presence of STS / STSE, they emphasized the importance both in the classroom - to bring a broader view of events - and in the evaluations as Enem for not only enhance the application of scientific content. / Este trabalho se insere no campo do ensino de Ciências voltado ao Ensino Médio brasileiro e pretende investigar algumas de suas relações com um modelo de avaliação, especificamente o Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (Enem), objetivando, assim, realizar um estudo deste exame e do discurso da prática de professores em uma escola estadual de Ensino Médio de São Carlos (SP) acerca desta avaliação, tomando por base teórica os pressupostos do enfoque CTS/CTSA por acreditar que existem proximidades e relações que podem ser tecidas entre estas dimensões. Para tanto, fez-se uma análise documental da proposta e da prova de Ciências da Natureza e suas Tecnologias e realizaram-se grupos focais e entrevistas semi-estruturadas com docentes do Ensino Médio de uma escola estadual de São Carlos, pautando-se na metodologia de abordagem qualitativa, com ênfase na análise de conteúdo. Na análise documental das competências e habilidades observaram-se aproximações tênues ao enfoque CTS/CTSA, principalmente no que se refere à ambivalência do desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico. A análise da prova de Ciências da Natureza e suas Tecnologias de 2009 também mostrou poucas aproximações ao enfoque CTS/CTSA, já que, em 60% das questões os aspectos da ciência não foram tratados com todas suas dimensões e influências cabíveis. A contextualização foi utilizada, na maior parte das vezes, como ilustração e não para transformação de uma realidade e a interdisciplinaridade esteve ausente em basicamente 60% das questões. De acordo com os resultados encontrados no discurso docente, as provas do Enem enfatizam as questões socioambientais, a ciência é tratada na forma de conteúdos cobrados e a tecnologia em momentos pontuais. Além disso, os docentes acreditam que a contextualização e a interdisciplinaridade, muitas vezes, se mostram desnecessárias às questões. No discurso dos professores, observou-se a valorização do Enem após a sua reforma, ocorrida em 2009, a frequente utilização das questões do exame em sala de aula, bem como a mudança no enfoque dos professores ao tratar o Enem. Com relação à presença do enfoque CTS/CTSA, destacou-se a sua importância tanto na sala de aula - por trazer uma visão mais ampla dos acontecimentos - quanto em avaliações como o Enem - por não valorizar apenas a aplicação dos conteúdos científicos.

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2016-02-12T13:19:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1738554 bytes, checksum: a9230a1fdab52efe394b701e70c8fca4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-12T13:19:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1738554 bytes, checksum: a9230a1fdab52efe394b701e70c8fca4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This research aims to identify which are the reasons that lead people from rural communities to overcome the challenges of handling technological devices when acquire new habits on their routines. Evidences related to these difficulties which the subject experiences technology usage is called, in this research, by “Gabriela’s Syndrome”, term that started to be used commonly after the soap opera “Gabriela cravo e canela”, written by Jorge Amado, in which Gabriela was the protagonist. She was a simple woman who did not get used to the urban life. The soundtrack says “... I was born on this way. I am just like this way. I will be always like this way that is my own way, Gabriela…”. The project “Luz do Saber”, at the rural community in Engenho Velho, Joao Pessoa, is an opportunity for people who live there being able to be literate through interactive activities like didactics games on the computer that help the student to become literate. However, despite all these resources offered by the program, it was verified the a strong resistance by people due to the technology usage – aspect that means changing of habits and costums. The analysis of the phenomenon found at this community is helped by the theory of Digital Limitations that was developed by Bellini et al. (2010), which presents a tridimensional model of Access Limitation, Informational Cognitive Limitation and Behavioral Limitation. This research investigates what motivates these students to overcome their limitations and attend their project’s classes. It was conducted through the construction of theoretical references about the project’s subject and counted on Focal Group’s support of data collection technic, which it was discussed questions based on TAM’s model (model of acceptation technology) under analysis of public opinions contente. Referencing this procedure, it will be produced advices which other similar social projects can take in order to target their goals and a higher popular acceptance. As a result, it was proven that applications of cognitive theory and social learning in pedagogical methodologies help to overcome the resistence to the challenge of changing and the usage of ICTs (Information and Communication Technologies). / Esta pesquisa identifica motivos que levam algumas pessoas a superarem as aversões em relação ao manuseio de aparatos tecnológicos, devido à aquisição de novos hábitos em suas rotinas. As evidências referentes a essa dificuldade do sujeito em vivenciar o uso das tecnologias denomina-se, aqui, “síndrome de Gabriela”, termo que passou a ser utilizado popularmente após a obra “Gabriela, Cravo e Canela”, de Jorge Amado, tendo como protagonista a Gabriela, mulher simples, que não se adaptava aos costumes da vida urbana, e cuja trilha sonora, música de Gal Costa, diz “...Eu nasci assim, eu sou mesmo assim, vou ser sempre assim, do meu jeito assim, Gabriela...”. O projeto Luz do Saber, na comunidade rural Engenho Velho, em João Pessoa, no estado da Paraíba, é uma oportunidade de alfabetização e inclusão digital direcionada às pessoas que lá residem, através do computador, com atividades interativas e jogos didáticos, em que o aluno é alfabetizado. Porém, mesmo com os recursos oferecidos pelo programa, verifica-se resistência das pessoas quanto ao uso da tecnologia – aspecto que se configuraria em mudanças de hábitos e costumes. A análise do fenômeno encontrado nesta comunidade é amparada pela teoria das Limitações Digitais, desenvolvida por Bellini et al.(2010), o qual apresenta um modelo tridimensional que aborda limitações de acesso, limitações cognitivo-informacionais e limitações comportamentais. A presente pesquisa investiga quais motivações levaram os alunos a superarem suas limitações e continuarem frequentando as aulas. A pesquisa foi conduzida através da construção do referencial teórico sobre o tema abordado, e contou com o apoio da técnica de coleta de dados das entrevistas, observação direta e Grupo Focal, cuja discussão abordou questões orientadas no modelo TAM (modelo de aceitação de tecnologia), através da análise de conteúdo das opiniões expressas. Referenciando tal procedimento, foram construídas recomendações para que outros projetos sociais com características semelhantes possam ser conduzidos, a fim de atingir seus objetivos e, assim, alcançar maior aceitação da população. Como resultado, foi comprovado que as aplicações das teorias cognitivas e da aprendizagem social em metodologias pedagógicas auxiliam na superação das resistências à mudança e ao uso das TICs.

The thesis studies one method, focus group discussions, for public participation in the starting of implementing the European Community Water Framework Directive at a catchment level. Focus group discussions can be used as a method for bringing relevant stakeholder-groups into the discussion and evaluation of different possible solutions to problems of managing local waters in order to lower nutrient emissions and stop eutrophication. Of special interest in the study is the participants’ development of collaboration and collaborative learning in the focus groups. Also of interest is their change in attitudes during the focus group process and their will to participate in similar settings. The thesis assesses the results of three questionnaires responded by focus group participants in a study carried out by the Swedish Water Management Research Programme, VASTRA. The participants represent stakeholders in Rönne å catchment in Skåne, and also the results from ten focus group discussions with the same participants.

Este trabalho propõe um modelo matemático destinado à estimativa da profundidade de carbonatação e à previsão de vida útil de projeto de estruturas de concreto, envolvendo variáveis de entrada de fácil obtenção (como resistência à compressão, tipo de cimento, umidade relativa, entre outras). Com base no conhecimento de experts (grupo focal) criou-se o banco de dados que deu origem ao modelo, o qual considera as principais variáveis de influência na ação da carbonatação, incluindo: às características do concreto (resistência à compressão do concreto aos 28 dias, o tipo de cimento empregado, o teor de adição, quando houver); às condições de exposição (macro clima - ambiente interno ou externo, protegido ou não da chuva); e, às condições ambientais (umidade relativa média da região de exposição da estrutura e o teor de CO2 do ambiente). O modelo matemático proposto baseou-se no ajuste de dados considerando as leis físico-químicas pertinentes, o qual foi testado com dados de investigações experimentais realizadas por outros pesquisadores. Os resultados indicam que o mesmo representa a ação da carbonatação do concreto, apresentando potencial de generalização. Também foi empregado para a previsão de vida útil de projeto, com uma abordagem probabilística via Simulação de Monte Carlo (SMC) e Análise de confiabilidade, inserindo as variabilidades existentes no processo de degradação. Os resultados das simulações demonstram que o modelo pode ser empregado para estimativa de vida útil via processos estocásticos. O modelo foi desenvolvido essencialmente para servir como um suporte para a análise da durabilidade de estruturas de concreto armado em ambiente urbano, podendo ser empregado tanto para a estimativa da profundidade de carbonatação do concreto quanto para a previsão de vida útil de projeto de estruturas novas ou existentes, com abordagem determinística ou probabilística. As maiores vantagens do modelo são relacionadas à entrada de dados os quais podem ser obtidos com relativa facilidade, à facilidade de aplicação e ao potencial de generalização. / This research work proposes a mathematical model to estimate carbonation depths and the service life prediction of concrete structures using easily accessible input variables (such as compressive strength, cement type, relative humidity, etc.). The model was designed using a database which was developed using the knowledge of experts (focus group). This database assesses the main variables that affect carbonation in concrete (compressive strength at 28 days, type of cement, concentration of addition, if applicable), exposure conditions (macroclimate – indoors or outdoors, exposure to rain) and environmental conditions (mean relative humidity and carbon dioxide concentration of the area where the structure is located). The proposed model was tested using experimental data from other researchers and the results suggest that it accurately represents the effects of carbonation in concrete, with results that can be expanded to other structures. The mathematical model was also applied to forecasts of the service life of a project using the probabilistic approach of Monte Carlo methods (MC) and an analysis of reliability that accounted for the intrinsic variability found in decay processes. The results of the simulations show that the model can be used to estimate the service life of a project using a stochastic technique. The model was developed to serve mainly as a supporting feature in the assessment of durability in reinforced concrete structures in urban environments and can be applied both to estimates of carbonation depths and to the service life prediction of projects of new or existing structures, using deterministic or probabilistic approaches. The major benefits offered by this model are related to the input of data, which are readily available, its ease of use and its potential for application in general situations.