Föreliggande studie ämnade att undersöka vilka jobbattribut studenter på Jönköpings Tekniska Högskola (JTH) samt Hälsohögskolan (HH) i Jönköping värderade i valet av framtida arbetsgivare. Vidare undersöktes även huruvida kön och skola påverkade hur studenter värderade jobbattribut. Forskningsstrategin har utgått från en deduktiv ansats och grundade sig i kvantitativ design där en enkät valts som undersökningsmetod som distribuerades vid föreläsningar vid de båda högskolorna. Urvalsmetoden bestod i huvudsak av ett slumpmässigt klusterurval med inslag av ett bekvämlighetsurval vilket genererade 346 enkätsvar. Envägs ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U samt Univariat analyser utfördes för att analysera data. De fem högst värderade jobbattributen bland studenterna var arbetsuppgifter jag tycker om, trevliga kollegor, en säker och trygg anställning, bra arbetsförhållanden och möjligheten till att använda mina färdigheter. En signifikansnivå på p= .05 tillämpades och signifikanta skillnader visade sig i hur både kön och skola värderade enskilda jobbattribut. Vid kategorisering av jobbattribut visade det sig att inre jobbattribut värderades högre av studenterna än de yttre jobbattributen. Resultatet av studien bidrar med värdefull information om hur studenter i Jönköping värderar olika jobbattribut i valet av framtida arbete och kan användas av organisationer för att kunna rekrytera den målgrupp som efterfrågas. / The aim of this study was to examine what job attributes students at The School of Health and Welfare (HH) and The School of Engineering (JTH) in Jönköping preferred in the choice of their future employer. Furthermore, it was investigated whether sex and the choice of school influence students’ job attribute preferences. The study had a deductive research approach and quantitative data were collected by a delivery and collection questionnaire, which was handed out in classes at JTH and HH. The selection method consisted mainly of a random cluster sample with some elements of a convenience sample and the findings in this thesis are based on 346 students preferred job attributes conducted through a survey. One-way ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U and Univariate analysis was made to analyze collected data. The top five job attribute preferences among students was “work I like doing”, “friendly people to work with”, “a secure job”, “good working conditions”, and “opportunities to use my abilities”. A significant level at p= .05 was applied and showed significant differences in separate job attributes for both sex and school. By categorizing the job attributes the results showed that the internal job attributes was more preferred than the external job attributes. The result of this study contributes valuable information by which job attribute students prefer in their choice of their future employer and could be used by organizations to identify the target group which is inquired for.

The demands on health and social care organisations require professions to work more collaboratively. During pre-registration training, health care and social work students learn within practice settings, supported by practice mentors. These settings are rich learning environments to experience interprofessional working (IPW) and for students to learn together through interprofessional practice learning (IPPL). There is, however, evidence that students' experiences of both are varied or limited. The value placed on IPW, and IPPL, is therefore of interest. This thesis will investigate practice mentors' attitudes to IPW and IPPL, and explore their perspectives of the enablers and barriers to these occurring in practice settings. A mixed-methods case study approach was used to measure the attitudes of practice mentors from health and social work, and to identify enablers and barriers to IPW, and IPPL for students. Online surveys and semi-structured face to face interviews were carried out with a range of professions within one Scottish health board and associated local authority. Results showed that attitudes to IPW, and IPPL for students were generally positive. Attitudes were not significantly affected by governing body, gender, area of work, years of experience, or prior experience of IPE. IPW was perceived to be enabled by shared processes and policies, IPPL for staff, effective communication, established teams, and shared processes and policies. Proximity to other professions and shared spaces encouraged informal communication and positive interprofessional relationships. Regular structured IPPL opportunities for students were limited. However, where opportunities did occur, this was linked to areas where practice mentors perceived that there was a strong interprofessional team identity. Although attitudes to IPW, and IPPL for students are positive, further work is needed to identify systems for improving IPW, to strengthen professions' identity as interprofessional teams, and to increase IPPL opportunities for students.

The aim of this dissertation is to describe and critically discuss the literacies apprentice-students in the Health and Social Care Programme in the upper secondary school in Sweden are given access to during the workplace-based learning part of the education. The study draws on sociocultural understandings of learning and knowing, and on perspectives developed in the field of new literacy studies of literacies as situated social practices. Ethnographically inspired methods consisting of participant observation, interviews and study of textual artefacts in both the work and school domain are used to generate data. Literacy events and literacy practices students are given the opportunity to participate in are explored as a part of tasks in the work or school domain. Additionally, the literacies students do not gain access in these workplaces but are crucial in health care and social work are explored.  The results indicate that literacies in the work domain are to a large degree embedded in other work tasks. This contributes to making a large part of the reading and writing invisible for the students and their supervisors. Access to literacies at the workplace is not discussed between teachers and supervisors. A major finding is that students’ access to digital literacies in the work domain depends on the local culture of each workplace and on individual supervisor’s decisions, bringing questions of equality in the apprentice-education to the forefront. The digital literacies support central activities in the workplaces; not getting access to these practices raises questions about what kind of working life the apprentice-students are being prepared for. Thus the meaning given to the term employability, which is central in policy-documents for the apprentice education, seems to be enacted as preparing the students for a job in one position, rather than offering broad competences for advancement or changes in working life. School tasks can function in a compensatory way by introducing central texts in Health and Social care work for students, but writing these kinds of texts in the school domain are part of different literacy practices than when writing them in the work domain. Furthermore the schools have no possibilities to offer students access to the kinds of digital systems that are used in the work domain.

Numerous research on the development of knowledge and skills within health and social care has been undertaken; however, it can be argued that there is a need to understand the connection between inclusion and the development in knowledge and experience.  The purpose of this dissertation is to explore students’ experiences of the health and social care adult- education program, and participation and learning processes it represents.  The program is considered the formal route to acquire a position as a nursing assistant or health care assistant. Furthermore, the program can be seen as a combination of vocational training, and a measure to reduce unemployment. This empirical study is based on 15 in- depth interviews with students in the health and social care adult-education. These interviews are using a hermeneutic interpretation method, and draw on Lave and Wenger`s theory of learning. In addition to sociocultural theory according to Säljö. Findings indicate that the adult-education program in health and social care is not only a training process, but also a participation process. For the students, it is about gaining participation in the professional community, in Swedish society, and also about an existential safety in a social context. In order to gain participation, intellectual and physical artifacts, as well as personal qualities, are a prerequisite. Despite these requirements, and the challenges students face, the findings reveal that most students continue their studies. This finding leads to the idea that health and social care can be understood a discipline of inclusion. These findings assist the health and social care field in understanding the connection between said artifacts for inclusion in working life and society; in addition, that such programs should be understood from a wider perspective and viewed in relation to the tension between three educational projects: the students` individual project, the program organizer’s project and the national, societal education project.

Bakgrund: I Sverige beräknas det finnas närmare 54 000 vårdchefer, och behovet av nyrekryteringar förväntas öka markant. De flesta utav dessa är förstalinjechefer. Hur väl en förstalinjechef klarar av balansen mellan de olika kraven är avgörande för såväl organisationens verksamhetsutveckling, arbetsmiljön samt konkurrenskraften. Det är dock problematiskt att denna chef, som har ett så brett ansvar, med vanligtvis begränsade resurser, förväntas uppnå positiva resultat vid sidan av alla de krav som ställs på denne. Genom att undersöka förstalinjechefers egna upplevelser av sin arbetssituation så är vår önskan att få en ökad kunskap och medvetenhet om hur det förhåller sig i verkligheten. Syftet: Syftet med studien är att bland första linjens chefer inom vård och omsorg studera upplevelser av förutsättningarna för att utöva ett för dem hållbart chefskap. Metoden vi har använt oss av är empirisk studie baserad på en kvalitativ ansats. Totalt utfördes fyra semistrukturerade intervjuer med hjälp av en intervjuguide, formulerad utifrån Gulicks organisationsteori. Resultatet visade fem återkommande teman: tid, planering, tillgänglighet och kommunikation, styrning, samt ledighet och återhämtning. Slutsats: Tidspress och tidskonflikt mellan olika arbetsmoment var en gemensam nämnare i vardagen för förstalinjecheferna. Vidare fanns en känsla av att det fanns höga krav och förväntningar uppifrån. I planeringen av vardagen föredrog cheferna en grov, flexibel, men även långsiktig planering. Tillgänglighet framför allt gentemot medarbetarna eftersträvades kontinuerligt. Den hade högt värde, och förknippades som ett av de viktigaste uppdragen som en chef har. Kommunikation beskrevs ha betydelse genom tydliga budskap, i chefens synlighet, i dess delaktighet och i respekten till andra. Det var varierande uppfattningar av balansen mellan det privata och arbetet. Hur medvetna cheferna var kring att koppla av på sin fritid verkade ha samband med hur de fördelade sitt arbete, och i vilken grad de också tog jobbet med sig hem till det privata.

Utifrån att samhället genomgår stora förändringar   och står inför nya utmaningar finns ett behov av förmåga att möta framtiden   på ett nytt sätt. Det ställs nya krav på hur organisationer behöver jobba med   utveckling då transformationen skapar nya beteenden hos oss människor.   Offentlig sektor utmanas precis som andra myndigheter och företag. Ambitionen   med examensarbetet har varit att utforska och beskriva en förändring i stor   skala utifrån ett helhetsperspektiv. En kommunal verksamhet, som i två års tid arbetat   med att åstadkomma en storskalig förändring, har varit föremål för denna   fallstudie. Fallstudien har genomförts genom bland annat djupintervjuer,   workshops och semistrukturerade intervjuer. Analysen har hämtat inspiration   från Kuipers, Higgs, Kickert, Tummers, Grandia, och van der Voets (2013)   rekommendationer till forskning om förändring i offentlig sektor.   Rekommendationerna handlar om att inkludera förändringens kontext, innehåll,   process, resultat och ledarskap. Den förändring studieobjektet genomgår   inkluderar värderingar och kultur, arbetssätt och verktyg och drivs med målet   att öka professionaliseringen, öka graden av personcentrering och för att   etablera ett kontinuerligt lärande. Studiens resultat har visat att flera händelser och   insatser är avgörande i en storskalig förändring mot offensiv   kvalitetsutveckling som stämmer överens med tidigare forskning som   rekommenderar att flera olika modeller och strategier bör användas beroende   på situation. Studiens resultat visar också att framgång kan uppnås genom att   bedriva flera förändringsprocesser parallellt och på kort tid. Tidigare   forskning talar istället om att förändring behöver ta tid. Flera upplevda framgångsfaktorer har identifierats   och de flesta framgångsfaktorerna är inte desamma som lyfts i den tidigare   forskning som studerats. De framgångsfaktorer som är unika för fallstudien   är: modigt ledarskap, systemtänkande, att utgå från kundens fokus istället   för kunden i fokus, användning av teoretiska förändringsmodeller för att   förankra förändringsarbetet, att driva flera förändringsprocesser parallellt   i högt tempo och att inkludera organisationens kontext och historia. Studiens resultat har visat att fallorganiastionens   förändringsprocess kan beskrivas i fjorton steg. Vissa av stegen återfinns i   de teorier som studerats och vissa återfinns inte. Att stegen skiljer sig åt   kan bero på att detaljnivån skiljer sig mellan studiens resultat, som mer   specifik och de teoretiska förändrinsmodellerna, som är mer generella. Hörnstenarna i hörnstensmodellen har utifrån   studiens resultat kunnat sekvenseras i en viss ordning och beskrivas med   olika tyngdpunkt och betoning. Hörnstensmodellen skulle enligt studien kunna   användas som en värderingsmodell i ett storskaligt förändringsarbete men   också utifrån arbetssätt och verktyg. / Society is going   through rapid change and social transformation is taking place. This is a   result of mega trends such as individualization and digitalization. People   are behaving in new ways and our future desires are harder than before to   predict. New business models need to develop both within the private and the   public sector. The ambition with this master thesis has been to take a whole   system perspective and explore and describe a large scale transformation   taking place within a large organization. A case study at   the elderly care within public sector has been made to accomplish the   ambition. The organization which has been studied has purposely been working   with a large scale change program for two years with the determination to   achieve a higher level of professionalism and customer orientation. The   research design has included in-depth interviews, workshops, observations and   semi-structured interviews. The analysis has been inspired from Kuipers,   Higgs, Kickert, Tummers, Grandia, och van der Voets (2013) recommendations to   include context, content, process, result and leadership in change-oriented   research within the public sector. The results from   the case study shows that many different efforts and activites are crucial to   achieve a large scale change implementing TQM. This finding is in line with   previuos reasearch. Another finding from the case study, that differs from   previous research, is many simultaneously initiatives and efforts managed in   a relatively short time seems to be a success factor for large scale change   in large organizations and complex systems. Previous research says in   contradiction that change needs time. Many more perceived   success factors was identified. Some of them are slightly similar to previous   research but many of the findings are not found in theories studied. Critical   success factors uniqe for this case study are: courageous leadership, systems   thinking, a perspective taken from the customers point of view instead of a   customer oriented perspective, the practical use of theorethical change   models, many change projects simultaneously driven in a fast speed and the   organisations history of change projects included as well as the   organisations unique context. The findings from   the case study also shows a change process that can be described in fourteen   steps. Some of these steps are found in the change management theories and   others are not. The descpription of the steps from this case study are   somewhat more detailed and related to the context whereas the theoretical   change models have a more general characteristic. The change   process was also viewed through the TQM-model named The corner stone model,   and this showed that the cornerstones can be sequenced in a certain order   based on the results of the study. The stones can also be described with   different highlighting due to the change context. Different emphasis and   content among the cornerstones could also been seen. The corner stone model   could, accoring to this case study, could therfore be used as a value model   in large scale change, but also as a change model for working ways and tools. / <p>2017-06-28</p>

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