Syftet med undersökningen är att ta reda på hur åtta elever på gymnasiet förklarar sin frånvaro på lektioner i Idrott och hälsa. Jag har genomfört semistrukturerade intervjuer med åtta gymnasieelever med hög frånvaro på Idrott och hälsa och tolkat resultatet utifrån Vygotskijs teorier om socialt lärande. De orsaker till frånvaro som framkommit springer ur den sociala samvaron: rädsla att göra bort sig, olustkänslor inför tävlingsmoment, brist på gemenskap, mobbing i form av utfrysning, men också känslor av otillräcklighet under idrottsmoment på grund av andras förmodade överlägsenhet. Frånvaro på idrotten är inte ett problem utan flera eftersom faktorerna är många. Dessa faktorer är inte alltid påtagliga eftersom de inte syns och hörs i rummet. Istället är det ofta en stark rädsla och en föreställning inom individen att bli dömd, hånad och utesluten ur gruppen. Genus kan vara en faktor eftersom flickor och pojkar kan ha olika inställning till tävlingsmoment.

No description available.

The aim of this study was to examine which norms are applicable and how they are reproduced in two sports organisations. More specifically the aim was to find out how the leaders worked with gender roles and what message the organisations give out to young people. And at the same time, find out if there are similarities and differences between two different organisations, regarding norms and gender roles.  The study was based on observations and interviews. The observations were made during and after training in an ice hockey team and two gymnastic teams for girls nine to thirteen years old. The interviews were conducted with seven leaders and one senior ice-hockey player. The results have been presented and analyzed based on four key theoretical points, gender theory, gender stereotypes, the other sex, and deviate from the norm. The results showed the presence of existing gender norms and values. And both similarities and differences between the organisations. The leaders and the organisation's work with gender roles have also been presented as a part of the result. The results also show that the leaders and the organisations aren’t working with gender roles in sport.

Jonas, Buhr & David Nordin. (2011). Uppfattningar om futsal – En studie om futsal och etablering av idrott (Opinions on futsal – A study on futsal and establishing of sport) Bachelor Essay in Swedish. Umea: Umea university, Department of Education. Abstract The study is based on an assignment from Vasterbotten Football Association that because of poor participation in futsal activities wants to find out what clubs, the coaches and players in Vasterbotten think of futsal. The aim is to find out the opinions on futsal and what these opinions are based on. In addition, a literature survey to examine how sports grows and becomes established. Data were collected through interviews in major cities and its surrounding areas in Vasterbotten. The coaches and clubs opinions of futsal does not differ very much they both find that futsal is a fast, fun sport but in the end still just a complement to football. The players in the study believed that it was the same as indoor football and that they would have liked to have played futsal more than they do now. It did not differ significantly between the opinions of the interviewees. To establish a sport there are certain elements that may affect the development of a sport to different degrees. It is still sports culture which is the most important piece, because the prevailing culture in Sweden right now believes that futsal is a complement to football this cultural must change for futsal to successfully establish itself.

I Sverige finns en allmän uppfattning om att idrotten är god och har en positiv inverkan på såväl individ som samhälle. Däremot är idrottens roll komplex och forskningen på huruvida det finns en korrelation mellan idrottsdeltagande och upplevd självkänsla är mer delad. Denna kandidatuppsats syftar till att undersöka hur idrottare upplever att deras självkänsla har påverkats av den kultur och de normer som dominerar den idrottsliga miljön samt hur denna upplevelse eventuellt skiljer sig mellan kvinnor och män. Uppsatsens teoretiska ramverk utgår från socialpsykologiska teorier om självkänsla och hur sociala miljöer påverkar individen. Teorierna behandlar generell självkänsla, prestationsbaserad självkänsla, fysisk självkänsla, självkoncept och social identitet. Uppsatsen tillämpar en kvalitativ metod med semistrukturerade intervjuer med totalt sex respondenter. Givet uppsatsens genusperspektiv har intervjuerna fördelats på tre kvinnor och tre män. Resultatet visar inget tydligt mönster mellan idrottsdeltagande och generell självkänsla. Samtliga respondenter upplever att prestation och jämförelse är det som påverkat självkänslan i störst utsträckning. Den största skillnaden mellan de kvinnliga och manliga respondenterna gäller den fysiska självkänslan där kvinnorna påverkats mer av kroppsideal inom idrotten. Det mest utmärkande i uppsatsens resultat är den delvis normaliserade tystnadskulturen som finns inom idrotten. / In Sweden there is a general perception that sport is good and has a positive impact on both individuals and society. In contrast, the role of sport is complex and the research on whether there is a correlation between sport participation and perceived self-esteem is more divided. This bachelor thesis aims to examine how athletes experience that their self-esteem has been affected by the culture and norms that dominate the sporting environment. In addition, investigate how this experience possibly differs between women and men. The thesis theoretical framework is based on social psychological theories about self-esteem and how social environments affect the individual. The theories explain general self-esteem, performance-based self-esteem, physical self-esteem, self-concept and social identity. The thesis applies a qualitative method with semi-structured interviews with a total of six respondents. Given the gender perspective, the interviews have been divided between three women and three men. The results show no clear pattern between sports participation and general self-esteem. All respondents experience that performance and comparison are the factors that affect self-esteem the most. The biggest difference between the female and male respondents concerns physical self-esteem, which shows that women are more influenced by body ideals in sports. The most distinctive founding in the result is the, partially normalized, culture of silence that exists within sports.

The public health is detected to become worse and a lot can be connected to social issues among the population. Sports is believed to be a positive place and a measure to prevent different sorts of social issues such as social isolation. Should social politics consider the sports arena as a solution for problems like social isolation? Previous research depicts in high degree that the answer is yes in that question but the topic is discussed through different aspects. Some say that these are old anecdotes and praises while others say that a lot of research does not have trueworthy results. This is the main reason why we want to investigate social relationships in sport communities. This study has restricted the selection against men since research and statistics demonstrate that they are more lonely in higher degrees than women.The chosen method for this study is of qualitative approach and includes semi-structured interviews with eight men with sports backgrounds. We interviewed men with sports backgrounds to gain detailed answers from men that are familiar with and knows how it works in reality. The result shows that the old anecdotes and praises are mostly correct. Although there are some negative aspects in the result. For example we are talking about macho culture that will not allow men to talk freely about feelings. Another negative aspect is if you are not good at the sport it will be more difficult to create social relationships in sports communities. Even though there are some negative understandings from the results, the positive effects on social relationships in sports are much more. In sports communities both shallow and deep connections can be made, the trainer can be decisive when it comes to learning social skills from the sports world and gain skills that are valuable also when you left the sports.

No description available.