Denna studie undersöker hur queerinklusivt språk påverkar queerpersoners attityd till bordsrollspel, då denna företeelse anses underutforskad trots det alltmer framväxande fältet av queer studies inom spelforskning samt forskning som gjorts kring språkets inflytande på queerpersoner. En enkätstudie med internationella deltagare, alla vana rollspelare och queera, visade att majoriteten föredrar könsneutrala pronomen och queerinklusivt språk. Trots ett litet antal deltagare finns tydliga likheter och tendenser i deras svar. De betonade även vikten av att inkludera queera identiteter på ett naturligt sätt utan att det känns konstlat. Vidare forskning skulle kunna inkludera icke-queera deltagare och utföra fler tester för att undersöka hur deras åsikter påverkar deras spelbeteende och karaktärsskapande.

Die Diplomarbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Entwicklung von inklusiven Reitanlagen für Therapie und Sport. Ziel ist es, Barrieren in bestehenden Reitanlagen zu identifizieren und Lösungen zu entwickeln, die eine inklusive und barrierefreie Nutzung ermöglichen. Durch die Analyse bestehender inklusiver Reitanlagen und die Auswertung von Interviews mit Reittherapeut:innen und Parareiter:innen wurden die spezifischen Bedürfnisse dieser Nutzergruppen herausgearbeitet. Es wurde analysiert, welche Barrieren für Reiter:innen mit Einschränkungen bestehen und wie diese behoben oder vermieden werden können. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass viele der baulichen Barrieren durch gezielte Maßnahmen wie Optimierung der Wegeführung und Integration inklusiver Elemente überwunden werden können und die Selbstständigkeit fördern können. Die daraus abgeleiteten Gestaltungsempfehlungen tragen dazu bei, dass alle Menschen unabhängig von ihren Fähigkeiten die Reitanlagen nutzen können.

Die Bachelorarbeit widmet sich dem Thema der schulischen Inklusion, speziell in Grundschulen in Deutschland. Inklusion hat, insbesondere nach Unterzeichnung der UN- Behindertenrechtskonvention durch Deutschland im Jahr 2009, eine hohe Relevanz für alle Bereiche des gesellschaftlichen Lebens. Grundlagen des zukünftigen Miteinanders werden, insbesondere auch wegen der entsprechenden Stadien der Kindheitsentwicklung, mit in den Grundschulen gelegt. Dabei wird der Stand der Inklusion im deutschen Bildungswesen vielfach kritisiert. Ziel der Arbeit ist es herauszufinden, inwieweit die Politik dafür (mit)verantwortlich ist. Ziel ist es auch, die These zu beweisen, dass die Akteure an der ,Bildungsbasis‘ die Hauptlast der Entwicklung von Inklusion zu tragen haben. Als wissenschaftliche Untersuchungsmethoden dienen Literaturrecherche, Dokumentenanalyse, Hospitation und Experteninterview. Im Ergebnis bestätigt die Bachelorarbeit die Thesen. Die sächsische Politik forciert Inklusion, trotz aller auch positiven Ansätze, nicht hinreichend. Das betrifft insbesondere den rechtlichen Rahmen und die Sicherstellung benötigter finanzieller Mittel und damit verknüpft, die personellen Ressourcen an den Schulen. Somit verbleibt die Hauptlast bei den Schulen.:1. Einleitung 5 2. Inklusion 7 2.1 Begriffsbestimmung Inklusion 7 2.2 Inklusion – ein Paradigmenwechsel 7 2.2.1 Begriffsunschärfen im Kontext Schule: Integration vs. Inklusion 9 2.3 Wer ist schulisch zu inkludieren? 11 2.3.1 Menschen mit Behinderung – Kinder mit sonderpäd. Förderbedarf 12 2.4 Inklusionspädagogik 15 2.5 Rechtliche Grundlagen zur Inklusion 19 2.5.1 UN- BRK 19 2.5.2 Nationaler Aktionsplan Inklusion 20 2.5.3 Sächsischer Aktionsplan Inklusion 21 2.6 Sächsisches Schulgesetz 22 3. Schule in Deutschland 24 3.1 Der schulische Bildungsauftrag 24 3.2 Historische Betrachtung 24 4. Schulische Inklusion in Deutschland 26 4.1 Stand der Inklusion in Deutschland 26 4.2 Stand der Inklusion in Sachsen 29 5. Grundschule 33 5.1. Grundschulentwicklung nach 1945 33 5.2 Entwicklungsaufgaben der Altersklasse der Grundschüler*innen 34 5.3 Anforderungen an inklusiven Unterricht in (Grund-) Schulen 36 6. Index für Inklusion 37 7. Grundschule Königshufen 40 7.1 Umfeld und Sozialraum, Bauliche und räuml. Gegebenheiten, Entwicklung 40 7.2 Dokumentenanalyse des Schulprogramms 42 7.3 Pädagogische Ressourcen 45 7.4 Hospitation in einer dritten Klasse – teilnehmende Beobachtung 45 8. Forschung 47 8.1 Forschungsfrage 47 8.2 Forschungsdesign 47 8.3 Experteninterviews 48 8.4 Kategorisierte Auswertung nach Mayring 49 9. Interviews 51 9.1 Interviewauswertung Herr H. - Grundschulleiter 51 9.1.1 Zusammenfassung zum Interview mit Herrn H. 57 9.2 Interviewauswertung Frau H. - Beratungslehrerin 57 9.2.1 Zusammenfassung zum Interview mit Frau H. 61 10. Ergebnis zur Grundschule Königshufen 62 11. Fazit 63 12. Schlussbemerkung 66 13. Literaturverzeichnis 67 Anhang 73 Eigenständigkeitserklärung 73 Abbildungsverzeichnis Abb. 1 Bildungsorte und Lernwelten in Deutschland 25 Abb. 2 Inklusion- Schüler*innenzahlen, Quoten und Anteile 26 Abb. 3 Exklusions- und Inklusionsquoten im Bundesländervergleich 27 Abb. 4 Dimensionen der Inklusion an Schulen 38

Basierend auf dem Abschlussbericht der TU Chemnitz wurden die Ergebnisse der Evaluation zur ESF-finanzierten Laufzeit des Vorhabens „Inklusionsassistent“ in einer Handreichung zusammengefasst und Handlungsempfehlungen für die Praxis abgeleitet. Die Empfehlungen richten sich vor allem an die an der Maßnahme beteiligten Inklusionsassistentinnen und Inklusionsassistenten, Projektträger, Schulleitungen sowie Lehrkräfte vor Ort. Redaktionsschluss: 15.02.2022

Socialpedagogiken är ett relativt outforskat område i skolans värld och det råder olika meningar kring vad socialpedagogiken skulle kunna och faktiskt redan bidrar med ute i det svenska skolsystemet. Studien som är en uppsats på C-nivå syftar att fånga socialpedagogiskt arbete ur en specifik yrkesgrupps perspektiv, nämligen skolkuratorns. Det empiriska materialet består av semistrukturerade forskningsintervjuer med 5 skolkuratorer som alla är utbildade socialpedagoger. Studien har ett explorativt syfte där kärnan alltså består i att ge en bild av hur skolkuratorerna själva uppfattar att de använder socialpedagogiken i sin yrkesroll som skolkuratorer. Studiens teoretiska ramverk bygger på socialpedagogiskt traditionella tankemodeller om individen som formar sin identitet i relation till sin omgivning och de lärandeprocesser som finns att hitta i denna växelverkan mellan individ och samhälle. Socialpedagogiska perspektiv om gemenskap, delaktighet, empowerment, dialog, inklusion och exklusion har fungerat som utgångspunkter att betrakta skolkuratorernas erfarenheter utifrån. Materialet har analyserats med analysmetoden IPA och resulterade i 4 övergripande teman: Relationsbyggande, Skapandet av insocialiserande processer, Inklusion och Fokus på det som fungerar. I diskussionsdelen diskuteras studiens relevans för det sociala fältet och för den aktuella situationen i dagens svenska skola. / Social pedagogy is a relatively unexplored area in the Swedish school-system and there are different opinions about what social pedagogy could, and indeed already contribute with out in the Swedish schools. The study, a thesis C-level aims to capture the social pedagogical work out a specific profession perspective, the school counselors. The empirical material consists of semi-structured research interviews with five school counselors who are all trained social pedagogues. The study has an exploratory purpose where the core is to provide a picture of how the school counselors themselves perceive that they use social pedagogy in their professional role as school counselors. The theoretical framework is based on a social pedagogical perspective built on traditional social pedagogical thoughts and theories. These theories and concepts all focuses on the individual that shapes their identity in relation to their environment and the learning processes that can be found in the interaction between the individual and society. Theories about community, participation, empowerment, dialogue, inclusion and exclusion has served as starting points to consider the experiences given by the school counselors. The material was analyzed with the analytical IPA and resulted in four broad themes: Relationship building, Creating socializing processes, Inclusion and Focus on what works. In the discussion section the study's relevance to the social field and the current situation in Swedish schools today is addressed.

Das Spannungsfeld der leistungssportlichen Talentförderung im Kindes- und Jugendalter ist an seinen Endpunkten durch die schulische Allgemeinbildung und die sportliche Spezialbildung zu markieren. Einen allgemeinbildenden Schulabschluss bei gleichzeitigem spitzensportlichen Engagement zu absolvieren, fordert den schulpflichtigen Athleten und Athletinnen dabei einen erheblichen Ressourceneinsatz ab, der ohne Unterstützungsleistungen des sozialen Umfelds kaum zu leisten ist. In diesem Zusammenhang geraten vor allem die Schule-Leistungssport-Verbundsysteme in den Blick, die mittels effektiver struktureller Arrangements bei der Bewältigung einer solchen dualen Karriere unterstützen sollen. Die vorliegende Arbeit geht der Frage nach, welche Mechanismen der sozialen Unterstützung bei der Bewältigung einer dualen Karriere im Kindes- und Jugendalter wirken und welche Rolle die Verbundsysteme in diesem Kontext einnehmen. / Of the achievement-sporty talent promotion in the younger age is to be marked at its terminator points by the school general education and the sporty special formation. To complete a general-forming graduation with simultaneous pointed-sporty commitment, claims from the schoolable athletes thereby a substantial resources employment, which is hardly to be carried out without support achievements of the social surrounding field. In this context above all the school achievement sport compound systems turn out into the view, which are to support with effective structural arrangements during the accomplishment of such a binary career. This book follows to the question, which mechanisms of the social support work during the accomplishment of a binary career in the younger age and which role the compound systems in this context take.

According to the curriculum Sweden’s elementary school is to educate students in subjects such as "Listening, debating and argumentation". I ask myself if this is actually something that every student is being provided with. The purpose of this study is to gain additional information about children’s participation in the classroom. This is done from the children’s perspective by examining how students in first grade experience their roll in the conversation between and in relation to the teacher. In order to get subjective as well as an objective perspective qualitative methods are used in this essay. First I observed the children in the classroom and then I interviewed six of them. The main questions at issue are: How do children in first grade experience their own participation in the classroom? In what situations do the children in first grade sense they are allowed to speak with the teacher in the classroom? What is significant for the different situations in which the children in first grade get to have a conversation with the teacher? Dialogue and Participation is two essential concepts throughout the study and according to research highly associated and therefore necessary to examine together. As showed in the results of the study several students in first grade didn’t feel participant enough in the classroom and all of the students wanted to converse more during the lesson. Results also show that the students who raised their hands were the ones who had well functioning social capacity and they also got more attention than other students.

Having different kinds of literature is an important part of the education in school and schoolbooks, in shape of reading-books, are common in the first year of primary school. The texts pupils encounter in school are important for how they form their identity and thoughts about what is right or wrong and what is natural or unnatural. People of other ethnicity than Swedish, or with another skin colour than white, have often in the past been portrayed negatively in reading-books as if they are of less worth. According to the Curriculum for the Compulsory School System (Lpo94) the school shall act for understanding of all people and every person’s equal value. The study analyses how ethnicity is portrayed in reading-books for pupils in the first year of primary school. I have also compared these books to see if they differ from each other and, if this is the case, how they differ. In addition, I have investigated if the books follow the curriculum of the Swedish school system according to ethnicity. The books I have chosen to analyse are four different schoolbooks published 1995-2008 which are used in Swedish schools in a specific community. The method I have used is text analysis. My results show that some reading-books still portray people with ethnicity other than Swedish in a demeaning way and that “white” people often are shown as the norm. The study also shows good examples of a more diverse inclusion of different settings, characters with other ethnicity and their role in the reading-books. The diversity gives the possibility for a more individual interpretation and gives room to show the multicultural society as the new norm.

One of the most important goals of school is to teach children how to read and write. But there are also children with great problems in reading and writing/dyslexia at school. In the Swedish School Plan you can, for example, read that one of the school’s most important goals is to give these children with special needs the help that they need. This study will investigate how six young people with reading and writing problems/dyslexia experienced the first nine years at school. There has been very little research regarding students´ experiences of having reading and writing problems/dyslexia early in school, which is strange because school is a place where children spend most of their time. This study will raise the questions about how young people were treated by their teachers, what they think of having a diagnosis, what kind of individualization they received and how they think about continuing their education. To fulfil the study’s purpose I did six qualitative interviews with young people between the ages of 18 and 24 years. The primary theoretical basis in this study was identity formation, inclusion, exclusion and integration. The results show, for example, that five out of the six young people sometimes experienced that their teachers didn’t understand their writing and reading problems and that resulted in inappropriate treatment from the teachers. The young people could feel anxiety which often led to low self-confidence. The diagnosis was difficult for three of them, but none of the interviewed felt that the diagnosis had affected them. The results also show that a good individualization was difficult for the teachers to accomplish in practice, and it also showed that previous experiences in school perhaps influenced whether they chose to continue their studies or not. One of the conclusions is that it is very important to discover a child’s reading and writing problem at an early age and to give the child a lot of help. Otherwise the child can develop a low self-esteem, and it is negative for a child’s identity formation.

Syftet med studien är att utveckla kunskap om hur personalen på boenden för ensamkommande barn utifrån empowerment arbetar med att möjliggöra de ensamkommande barnens delaktighet, inklusion och integration i samhället. Vidare syftar studien även till att belysa hur personalen på boenden själva ser på detta arbete. De frågeställningarna som belyses i studien är: Vad i arbetet med förhållningsätt skapar möjlighet till ensamkommande barns delaktighet i samhället, enligt personal på boenden för ensamkommande barn? Finns det skillnader mellan personal på HVB- boenden om vad man anser om att arbeta med delaktighetsfrämjande arbete? Om ja, kan dessa skillnader då förklaras med kön, ålder, utbildning, erfarenhet etc. av att arbeta med ensamkommande barn? Metoder som används i studien har en kvantitativ och kvalitativ ansats och innehåller en enkätundersökning och tre intervjuer gjorda med boendepersonalen i Kalmar län. Resultatet tolkas utifrån teorin empowerment och förklaras med hjälp av begreppen delaktighet, inklusion och integration. Analysen av studien utgår från dessa begrepp, tidigare forskning och teorin samt förklaras med hjälp av grafer och tabeller konstruerade i SPSS- dataprogram och tolkning av tre intervjuer. Studiens resultat visar att boendepersonal har ett respekterande förhållningssätt i mötet med de ensamkommande barnen. Studien belyser betydelsen av boendepersonalens lyhördhet inför barnens synpunkter, vikten av att vara konsekvent, bekräftande samt besitta förmågan att kunna se helheten. Resultatet visar även att trygghet och tillit är viktiga egenskaper i boendepersonalens förhållningssätt som skapar möjligheter för ensamkommande barnens delaktighet i olika sammanhang, vilket bidrar till social inklusion och samtidigt ökad acceptans och integrering i samhället. Resultatet åskådliggör att det inte finns några signifikanta skillnader mellan personalen i vad man anser om att arbeta med delaktighetsfrämjande arbete. Vår slutsats är att boendepersonalen i Kalmar län har ett positivt förhållningssätt som skapar möjligheter för ensamkommande barnens delaktighet och inkludering i gemenskaper som vidare leder till integration i samhället. / The purpose of this study is to develop knowledge of how the professional staff works with unaccompanied asylum seeking children and by the empowerment perspective work to allow the children's participation, inclusion and integration into society. Furthermore, the study aims also to highlight how the residential staff at HVB-homes themselves regards this work. The issues highlighted are: What in the work approach creates opportunities for unaccompanied children's participation in society, according to residential staff at HVB-homes? Is there differences between residential staff at HVB-homes on what one thinks about working with participative work? If so, can these differences be explained by gender, age, education, experience, etc. in working with unaccompanied minors? Methods used in the study have a quantitative and a qualitative approach and includes a survey and three interviews conducted with residential staff at HVB-homes in Kalmar County. The result is interpreted by the empowerment perspective and explained by means of the concepts of participation, inclusion and integration. The analysis of the study is based on our concepts, previous research and theory and are interpreted using graphs constructed in SPSS software and interpretation of the three interviews. The result of the studie show us that residential staff have a respectful attitude in their approach to the unaccompanied children. The study illustrates the residential staffs sensitivity to children's views, the importance of being consistent, affirmative and to possess the ability to see in a comprehensive view. The results also show that security and trust are important features of the residential staff attitudes that creates potential for the children participate in different contexts, which contributes to social inclusion and simultaneously increased acceptance and integration into society. The result of the study illustrates that there are no significant differences between staff in what one believes about working with participative work. Our conclusion is that residential staff in Kalmar County has a positive approach that creates opportunities for the unaccompanied children's participation and inclusion in communities that lead to integration into society.