La inspección escolar presentó en su reporte del 2022 que existe una falta de comunicación auténtica e interculturalidad en las clases de lenguas extranjeras en escuelas en Suecia. En esta tesina investigamos estos factores conectados con la motivación de los alumnos para ver si hay conexiones. Hemos recibido 50 respuestas de alumnos de bachiller en Suecia en cinco escuelas diferentes. Los resultados muestran una imagen dividida, dónde más que la mitad de los informantes no se sienten motivados para estudiar español. Parte de los informantes expresan en sus respuestas que su motivación tiene una conexión específicamente relacionada con la interculturalidad del mundo hispano y/o una comunicación en situaciones auténticas, sin embargo, es observable que la mayor importancia se basa en las maneras de enseñanza de los profesores. / The school inspection presented, in its report in 2022, that classes of foreign languages in Sweden are lacking an authentic communication and interculturality. In this thesis we are investigating whether these factors related to the students’ motivations are connected. We have received responses from 50 highschool students in five different high schools. The results present a divided picture, where more than half of the informants do not feel motivated to study Spanish. A part of the informants expresses in their answers that their motivation has a connection that is specifically related to the interculturality of the Hispanic world and/or communication in authentic situations. However, it is also observable that the most important aspect of their motivation lays in the ways of teaching.

In order to research the limited English proficiency of First Year National Intermediate Certificate students at the Further Education and Training College of Ekurhuleni West, the researcher investigated various motivation variables, namely: * socio-psychological factors * learner factors * parental involvement and * contextual factors related to the influence of the school and classroom A review of literature and empirical research methods were used to this effect. The literature review revealed that instrumental and integrative motivation, self-determination and goal orientedness, parental support and school and classroom context factors contributed to the development of ESL proficiency. A motivation questionnaire and an English proficiency test were administered to the participants. The results indicated no significant relationship between the learner's level of ESL proficiency and motivation variables. These findings form the basis for recommending specific guidelines for possible directions for future research. / Linguistics / M.A. (Specialisation in Applied Linguistics)

In the last 20 years, various investigators have contributed valuable insights that shed light on the interconnected matrix of self-efficacy and attribution theories of motivation in instilling confidence and desire for academic achievement. However, these two areas of beliefs and their effects on students‟ achievement have rarely been researched together with writing performance here in Ethiopia. Both quantitative and qualitative methodologies have been integrated in the analysis of the data gathered from two secondary schools. The quantitative method was employed where participants were involved in taking composition test, filling out the self-efficacy scale and a questionnaire on attribution so as to investigate the relationships among the variables. The qualitative method was also used to examine the teachers‟ role in boosting students‟ motivation towards effecting goal-oriented striving at success in English writing performance The findings of this study indicated that there is a positive and strong relationship between writing self-efficacy beliefs and awareness and effective performance in writing tasks. It was also found that the learners who attributed their success to their ability and effort rather than to external causes achieved better results. Moreover, the findings of the qualitative data indicated that teachers‟ interest and motivation to teach writing can play a crucial role so as to raise the learners‟ feelings of self-worth and self-efficacy to do the writing activity. In other words, teachers need to capitalise on their learners‟ fervent desire for success and achievement in whatever line of endeavour, and the vital role effective writing skills play in the realisation of life goals. / English Studies / M.A. (Specialisation in TESOL)

In order to research the limited English proficiency of First Year National Intermediate Certificate students at the Further Education and Training College of Ekurhuleni West, the researcher investigated various motivation variables, namely: * socio-psychological factors * learner factors * parental involvement and * contextual factors related to the influence of the school and classroom A review of literature and empirical research methods were used to this effect. The literature review revealed that instrumental and integrative motivation, self-determination and goal orientedness, parental support and school and classroom context factors contributed to the development of ESL proficiency. A motivation questionnaire and an English proficiency test were administered to the participants. The results indicated no significant relationship between the learner's level of ESL proficiency and motivation variables. These findings form the basis for recommending specific guidelines for possible directions for future research. / Linguistics and Modern Languages / M.A. (Specialisation in Applied Linguistics)

In the last 20 years, various investigators have contributed valuable insights that shed light on the interconnected matrix of self-efficacy and attribution theories of motivation in instilling confidence and desire for academic achievement. However, these two areas of beliefs and their effects on students‟ achievement have rarely been researched together with writing performance here in Ethiopia. Both quantitative and qualitative methodologies have been integrated in the analysis of the data gathered from two secondary schools. The quantitative method was employed where participants were involved in taking composition test, filling out the self-efficacy scale and a questionnaire on attribution so as to investigate the relationships among the variables. The qualitative method was also used to examine the teachers‟ role in boosting students‟ motivation towards effecting goal-oriented striving at success in English writing performance The findings of this study indicated that there is a positive and strong relationship between writing self-efficacy beliefs and awareness and effective performance in writing tasks. It was also found that the learners who attributed their success to their ability and effort rather than to external causes achieved better results. Moreover, the findings of the qualitative data indicated that teachers‟ interest and motivation to teach writing can play a crucial role so as to raise the learners‟ feelings of self-worth and self-efficacy to do the writing activity. In other words, teachers need to capitalise on their learners‟ fervent desire for success and achievement in whatever line of endeavour, and the vital role effective writing skills play in the realisation of life goals. / English Studies / M.A. (Specialisation in TESOL)

Elevers motivation samt kunskapsmässiga och framtida mål i spanska undersöks utifrån enkätsvar från 77 gymnasieelever i steg 3 och 4 samt intervjuer med två elever i steg 5. Arbetets teoretiska ramverk utgörs av tre motivationsteorier: self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 1985) med begreppen inre och yttre motivation, the socio-educational model (Gardner, 2001) med begreppet integrativ motivation och L2 Motivational Self System (Dörnyei, 2009) med begreppet ideal L2 self. Resultatet visar att cirka hälften av informanterna känner sig motiverade av att läsa spanska och det är främst på grund av yttre betingad motivation via meritpoäng och betyg. Dock har runt två tredjedelar som mål att resa till spansktalande länder och prata med målspråkstalare, som kan härledas till en integrativ motivation. Drygt hälften av informanterna tror att de kommer kunna bra spanska i framtiden, vilket indikerar en stark framtidsinriktad språklig självbild. / Students’ motivation, knowledge targets and future goals in Spanish are studied based on questionnaires completed by 77 students enrolled in stage 3 and stage 4, as well as interviews with two students in stage 5. The theoretical framework consists of three motivational theories: Self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 1985) with the concepts of intrinsic and extrinsic motivations, the socio-educational model (Gardner, 2001) with the concept of integrative motivation and L2 Motivational Self System (Dörnyei, 2009) with the concept of ideal L2 self. The result shows that nearly half of the respondents feel motivated studying Spanish, mainly due to extrinsic motives, such as merit points and grades. Furthermore, about two-thirds aim to travel to Spanish-speaking countries and communicate with target language speakers, which is considered an integrative motivation. About half of the respondents believe that they will speak Spanish well in the future, which indicates a strong future-oriented self-image in their language study.

Работа посвящена исследованию мотивов, которые побуждают студентов направления "Лингвистика" к изучению второго иностранного языка (испанский, французский, немецкий, китайский, итальянский, турецкий, арабский, корейский) и поддерживают их мотивацию к учебной деятельности. Объектом исследования процесс мотивации к изучению иностранных языков у студентов высшей школы, предметом – выраженность мотивов студентов направления «Лингвистика». Цель исследования: выявление и анализ ведущих и второстепенных мотивов, входящих в мотивационную сферу и оказывающих влияние на процесс обучения иностранному языку у студентов данного направления подготовки. Анализ показал, что к ведущим мотивам учебной деятельности студентов относится группа познавательных мотивов, которые также тесно связаны с второстепенными прагматическими, коммуникативными и эмоционально-эстетическими мотивами. Исходя из полученных данных по двум разделам анкетирования, было также определено, что у студентов данного направления подготовки прослеживается положительная мотивация к учебной деятельности. Основываясь на исследовании мотивов групп от первого до четвертого курса бакалавриата, и учитывая ответы студентов магистратуры, отмечена тенденция постепенной смены внутренней интегративной мотивации на внешнюю инструментальную мотивацию в процессе обучения. Результаты исследования позволяют выделить несколько основных мотивационных факторов, которые оказывают наибольшее влияние на студентов. Среди них выделяются факторы, связанные с будущей профессиональной деятельностью, интересом к иностранным культурам и языкам, стремление к личностному развитию, а также внешние стимулы, такие как социальное признание и возможности путешествий. / The work is devoted to the study of learning motives that encourage students of Linguistics Department to learn a second foreign language (Spanish, French, German, Chinese, Italian, Turkish, Arabic, and Korean) and support their motivation for learning activities. The object of the study is the process of motivation for foreign language learning among university students, the subject is the representation of motives of students of linguistics faculty. The purpose of the study: to identify and analyze the inductive and consequential motives that belong to the motivational sphere and influence the process of foreign language learning among students. The analysis showed that the inductive motives of students' learning activities include the group of cognitive motives, which are also closely related to the consequential pragmatic, communicative and emotional-aesthetic motives. According to the obtained data, it has also been found out that the students of this educational specialty have a positive type of motivation towards the process of study. Based on the study of the motives of the groups from the first to the fourth year of the Bachelor's degree students and taking into account the answers of the Master's degree students, the tendency of a gradual change from intrinsic integrative motivation to extrinsic instrumental motivation in the learning process was determined. The results of the research allowed us to identify several major motivational factors that have the greatest impact on students. These include factors related to future employment, interest in foreign cultures and languages, desire for personal development, and external incentives such as social recognition and travel.

Syftet med den här studien var att kvalitativt undersöka L3-motivation hos vuxna invandrare som läser engelska (L3) på komvux i Sverige. Motivation undersöktes i relation till samspelet mellan målgruppens behov och mål, det svenska samhället och engelskans globala status. Den metodologiska utgångspunkten togs först och främst i Dörnyeis L2-motivationssjälvbildssystem (2005) och anpassades till studiens kulturella och sociala ramar. Resultaten indikerar att det är en stor sannolikhet att L3-motivation formas och starkt påverkas av vuxna invandrares invandrarskap och bikulturella identitet som har utvecklats i samband med integration i det svenska samhället. Detta framgår av att det svenska samhället och invandrarskapet ofta uppträder som normgivande när det gäller vuxna invandrares studier i engelska. Deras L3-motivationssjälvbildssystem indikerar dessutom att vuxna invandrares syn på den ideala språkliga självbilden är i kongruens med majoritetssamhällets förväntningar och kunskapsvillkor. Resultaten behöver dock valideras i framtiden genom fler studier och större elevpopulationer. / The purpose of this study is to by a qualitative method investigate L3 motivation in adult immigrants who study English (L3) in Sweden. Motivation was investigated in relation to the interplay between the target group’s needs and goals, the Swedish society, and the global status of English. The methodological framework was based on Dörnyei’s L2 Motivational Self System (2005) and it was adapted to the cultural and social context of the study. The results indicate that there is a probability that immigrant identity (Swe. invandrarskap) and a sort of bicultural identity, which have developed in adult immigrants as side effect in the integrational process in the Swedish society, shape and strongly affect L3-motivation. This is supported by the informants’ interview data in which the Swedish society and the immigrant identity often appear as a normative referent for adult immigrants’ English studies. In addition, their L3 motivational self system indicates that adult immigrants’ perception of the ideal language self is in congruity with the majority society’s expectations on knowledge. However, the results need to be validated through more studies and larger student populations in the future.