Submitted by Rosangela Silva (rosangela.silva3@unioeste.br) on 2018-05-09T16:38:00Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Adriele Cristina de Souza Meurer.pdf: 1156728 bytes, checksum: ed7363e3daa24f86d3603dddadbf28fa (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-09T16:38:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Adriele Cristina de Souza Meurer.pdf: 1156728 bytes, checksum: ed7363e3daa24f86d3603dddadbf28fa (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-13 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This study investigated the educational thought of Anísio Teixeira Spinola (1900-1970), a leading Brazilian educators and disciple of John Dewey (1859-1952). It is presented initially in the first chapter the process of consolidation of the capitalist mode of production and liberalism as its founding ideology. It was, therefore, the path of liberalism, its principles and its expression in the educational thought of John Dewey and, consequently, the educational thought of Teixeira, in the 1930s in Brazil. To understand the thinking of John Dewey, studied the works of Liberalism, Freedom and Culture (1970), Experience and Education (1979b / 1980), Democracy and Education (1979), fundamental for the understanding of the relationship between liberal principles and their educational proposal, since it is considered the greatest exponent of the escolanovismo and expression of liberal ideology in education. To investigate the expression of liberal thought in the work of Teixeira, we studied the works Small Introduction to Philosophy of Education (1975); In march for Democracy (1934) and Education for Democracy (1997), written in the mid , 1930. It found the expression of liberal principles of equality, freedom, individuality, ownership and democracy in educational proposal for Teixeira, Brazil in the 1930s, as regards the conception of science, intelligence and experience. / Este trabalho investigou o pensamento educacional de Anísio Spínola Teixeira (1900-1970), um dos maiores educadores brasileiros e discípulo de John Dewey (1859-1952). Apresenta-se, inicialmente, no primeiro capítulo o processo de consolidação do modo de produção capitalista e do liberalismo como sua ideologia fundante. Considerou-se, portanto, o percurso do liberalismo, seus princípios fundamentais e sua expressão no pensamento educacional de John Dewey e, consequentemente, no pensamento educacional de Anísio Teixeira, na década de 1930, no Brasil. Para a compreensão do pensamento de John Dewey, estudamos as obras Liberalismo, Liberdade e Cultura (1970); Experiência e Educação (1979b/ 1980); e Democracia e Educação (1979), fundamentais para a apreensão da relação entre os princípios liberais e a sua proposta educacional, já que o mesmo é considerado o grande expoente do escolanovismo e da expressão da ideologia liberal no campo educacional. Para investigação da expressão do pensamento liberal nas obras de Anísio Teixeira, estudou-se as obras Pequena Introdução a Filosofia da Educação (1975) ; Em marcha para a Democracia (1934) e Educação para a Democracia (1997), escritas em meados da década de 1930. Constatou-se a expressão dos princípios liberais de igualdade, liberdade, individualidade, propriedade e democracia na proposta educacional de Anísio Teixeira, no Brasil na década de 1930, no que diz respeito a concepção de ciência, de inteligência e de experiência .

Le 26 février 1929, le philosophe américain John Dewey prononce une conférence devant un public d’étudiants et d’enseignants dans lequel il se prononce nettement en faveur de la mise en place d’une science de l’éducation, dont il développe les principales caractéristiques. La décennie qui suit va alors s’avérer d’une grande richesse intellectuelle et voir Dewey travailler ardemment à l’approfondissement et à l’élargissement de sa réflexion philosophique en direction de nouveaux champs et de nouvelles problématiques. Paradoxalement, cette période est également celle où son œuvre éducative semble la moins bien connue, en comparaison de ses premiers travaux sur le sujet, qui contribuèrent à sa renommée précoce sur le plan international. L’ambition du présent travail est donc d’étudier la réflexion éducative qu’il mène dans cette période, à la lumière du renouveau qu’elle apporte dans la compréhension globale de son œuvre. A travers la science de l’éducation, l’enjeu est alors d’observer en quoi la réflexion éducative de Dewey est susceptible de rejoindre ses théories du social et de la connaissance afin de proposer un schème d’analyse cohérent, à même de nous aider à faire face à l’inquiétude d’un monde en perpétuelle évolution. / On November 26th 1929, American philosopher John Dewey gave an address to an audience comprising students and teachers, in which occasion he advocated for the development of a Science of education and described its main features. The following decade is then one of a great intellectual wealth and sees Dewey working hard to broaden and deepen the range of his philosophical thought towards new fields and new problems to deal with. Surprisingly enough, this period also seems to be one concerning which his contribution to education appears to be of less importance, when compared to his first achievements in the field which brought him an early and international fame. The scope of our paper is accordingly to study the educational thinking entertained by Dewey at that time, at the dawn of the renewed light it sheds over the comprehensive significance of his work. Through a Science of education, our aim is then to analyze how Dewey’s educational thinking may connect to his theories of science and society in order to provide a consistent scheme of analysis, which may reveal itself helpful in facing the inquietude of a world in constant evolution.

Syftet med den här studien är att undersöka hur lärare i årkurs 1–3 skapar motivation och ett intresse hos eleverna i ämnet matematik. Undersökningen har genomförts med hjälp av en kvalitativ metod i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer med fyra åk 1–3 lärare. Resultatet indikerar på att motivation och intresse skapas med hjälp av en varierad matematikundervisning som bemöter alla elevers behov och intressen. Lärarens pedagogiska egenskaper samt val av arbetsmetoder i form av elevinkludering, vardagsanknytning samt konkret material har visat sig skapa intresse och motivation för matematikämnet. Resultatet visar även att läraren och dennes inställning till ämnet är av vikt i matematikundervisningen. Slutsatsen är att en engagerad lärare med positiv inställning till ämnet skapar motivation och intresse hos sina elever i matematikämnet. / The purpose of this study is to examine how grade 1-3 teachers create motivation and interest for the students in mathematics. The survey was conducted using a qualitative method in the form of semi-structured interviews with four teachers in grade 1-3. The result indicates that motivation and interest are created with the help of a varied mathematics teaching that meets the needs and interests of all students. The teacher's pedagogical characteristics and choice of working methods such as student inclusion, connection to everyday life of the pupil and concrete material has been shown to create interest and motivation for the subject of mathematics. The results also show that the teacher and his/her attitude to the subject is of great importance in mathematics teaching. The conclusion is that a committed teacher with a positive attitude to the subject creates motivation and interest in the subject of mathematics.

Based on the American philosopher John Dewey's (1859–1952) theoretical framework linked to the role of democracy in education, the purpose of this qualitative study is to explore the role of democracy in the contemporary leisure center, which, according to the current curriculum, should be based on students' experiences, interests and needs. Through interviews and observations, the study describes the educators 'perspectives and work with democracy, as well as how the students' experiences, interests and needs are mapped and manifested in the activities.   The study shows, in accordance with Dewey's idea of ​​the collaborative experience, that the educators value the students' democratic rights, but that in the end it is up to the educators how it is put into practice. This action may be partly due to the content of the curriculum, and partly due to students needing guidance and direction in discovering new phenomena. Opportunity for democratic participation exists for the students, even if it is associated with challenges, such as them themselves denying the opportunities. Furthermore, the study shows that students' needs, interests and experiences are mapped through observation and conversations with the students, but that there is a lack of systematic work on this and that the result is thus uncertain. Furthermore, the study shows that students' interests, needs and interests need to be clear and easy to discover to be noticed by the educators. Students who do not express or show signs of what their interests, needs and experiences risk being either exposed to pressure or being completely missed on the grounds that the educators do not have the opportunity to make them visible. / Med utgångspunkt i den amerikanske filosofen John Deweys (1859–1952) teoretiska ramverk kopplat till demokratins roll inom utbildning är syftet med denna kvalitativa studie att utforska demokratins roll i det samtida fritidshemmet, vilken, enligt rådande läroplan, ska utgå från elevers erfarenheter, intressen och behov. Genom intervjuer och observationer redogör studien för pedagogernas perspektiv och arbete med demokrati samt hur elevernas erfarenheter, intressen och behov kartläggs och manifesterar sig i verksamheten.     Studien visar, i enlighet med Deweys idé om den samverkande erfarenheten, att pedagogerna värdesätter elevernas demokratiska rättigheter men att det i slutändan är upp till pedagogerna hur det omsätts i praktiken. Detta agerande kan dels bero på läroplansinnehållet, dels utifrån att eleverna kan behöva styrning och riktning i att upptäcka nya företeelser. Möjlighet till demokratiskt deltagande finns för eleverna även om det är förknippat med flertalet utmaningar, så som att de själva avböjer möjligheterna. Vidare visar studien att elevers behov, intressen och erfarenheter kartläggs genom observation och samtal med eleverna, men att det saknas ett systematiskt arbete kring detta och att resultatet därmed är osäkert. Studien synliggör vidare att elevers intressen, behov och intressen erfarenheter behöver vara tydliga och lätta att upptäcka för att uppmärksammas av pedagogerna. Elever som inte uttrycker eller visar tecken på vad deras intressen, behov och erfarenheter består av riskerar att antingen bli utsatta för påtryckningar eller att missas helt utifrån att pedagogerna inte har möjlighet att synliggöra dem.

The Aesthetic Dimension of playing Videogames Abstract The Thesis is divided into two main parts. The first part follows the beginning of the discussion which considers computer games as Art. Selected theories are analyzed and critically reviewed. Specifically, these are theories considering the emotional potential of games, their narativity, or their cluster definition. In the second part are computer games seen as aesthetic experiences. In a short diversion the similarities between computer games and sport are shown. Also the role of winning and rules is contemplated. Subsequently, John Dewey's theory is used to interpret the phenomenon. The text is interwoven with examples of old and current computer games. Key words: Videogames, Aesthetics of Everyday life, New Media Art, an Experience, Pragmatism, John Dewey

Le pragmatisme et la pensée de John Dewey intéressent actuellement un nombre grandissant de chercheurs en philosophie et en sciences humaines. Cet intérêt se manifeste depuis quelques années en éthique appliquée au Québec. Cette recherche vise à cerner la pertinence de la pensée de Dewey pour ce mouvement philosophique. Bien que Dewey soit plus souvent connu pour ses idées progressistes en éducation, plusieurs autres facettes de sa pensée suscitent maintenant l’intérêt. Parmi celles-ci se trouvent l’éthique et les valeurs. Si la notion de valeur recèle une importance majeure en éthique appliquée, elle fait partie des grandes questions sous-jacentes à l’ensemble des écrits de Dewey. Malgré plus d'une soixantaine d’années séparant les derniers développements de Dewey sur les valeurs et la conception de l’éthique appliquée aujourd’hui, nous retrouvons plusieurs perspectives communes. Parmi celles-ci se trouve le rôle de la raison pratique dans la résolution de situations indéterminées; la localisation des valeurs dans la conduite humaine et l’attribution de valeurs; l’actualisation des valeurs et la construction de valeurs partagée; une démarche éducative, réflexive et transdisciplinaire ancrée dans l’action; l’emphase mise sur l’autonomie de jugement de l’individu ainsi que l’espace socioculturel propice au déploiement et la valorisation de cette autonomie. Nous terminons en soulignant la pertinence particulière de Dewey au niveau de sa conception transactionnelle de l’expérience humaine, sa tentative de surpasser la dichotomie entre faits/valeurs, sa distinction entre valeur et idéal, le rôle de la créativité en éthique, la possibilité de jugements responsables sur les valeurs ainsi que son cadre général d’enquête sur les valeurs.

The purpose of this dissertation is to develop explanatory theory for the learning processes facilitated by art-based methods in management education (ABMs). Such theory is important because managerial educators increasingly use ABMs, and without a well-developed theory it may be difficult to realise these methods’ full potential. Current research on ABMs uses theories from other fields but generally sees ABMs as methods for making important information available for reflection, e.g. information about unconscious assumptions, aesthetic experience, or non-propositional or tacit knowledge. This shows that the field is grounded in a representationalist view of cognition. This view of cognition makes it difficult to explain certain themes in the research field, such as, the importance of staying with the senses without reflecting, aesthetic agency, and the process of making. I therefore asked: What insights can be gained from exploring ABMs, using theories grounded in the embodied view of cognition, in particular Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) (Lakoff & Johnson, 1999) and simulation theories (Barsalou, 2008). For the empirical work, I used an experimental design with 60 managers from Danish companies. All participants selected problems from their work they perceived as important, yet unsolvable. They were randomly divided into three groups: Two groups using different ABMs to address problems and a comparison group where no ABM was used. The experiment indicated that 1) creating new metaphors for a problem based on different sensory metaphors enabled the participants to import behaviour from contexts unrelated to the problematic situation, and 2) focusing on sensory experience enabled participants to remove judgments about self or others. Furthermore, the experiment indicated that learning outcomes reflected participants’ experience of the concrete learning intervention. These findings contribute to CMT by suggesting that it is possible to formulate relationships between changes in metaphors and specific learning outcomes. They contribute to ABM by suggesting that experiences that participants have during ABMs are later used as tools for structuring other experiences – not merely as data for reflection.

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This dissertation explores the early influence of science on Dewey's educational theory and practice. Science was, unquestionably, a dominant ideal, concept, subject, and/or method during the late nineteenth century when Dewey entered his academic career. Realizing the significance of science in education, Dewey sought an answer to the questions of why we teach, what we teach, and how we teach, based on science. Dewey's effort to find a scientific basis of education was frequently misunderstood as “scientism,” which means unjustified or excessive reliance on positivistic science. Unlike the supporters of positivistic science in education such as Thorndike, however, Dewey sought a non-scientistic approach in pursuing the theory of educational purposes, substance and practices. Exploring the development of Dewey’s view on science in education, this study provides a detailed explanation on the transformation of his ideas in five stages: formative, developmental, preparation, experimental, and post-experimental. To provide an overview of issues involved in the problem of scientism, Chapter II deals with a conceptual geography of scientism and its influence on early twentieth century American education. The development of Dewey’s view on the science of education is provided in chronological order in Chapters III, IV, and V. Chapter III explores Dewey’s separation from the Neo-Hegelian tradition, an encounter with new science, and re-interpretation of scientific ethics. Chapter IV elaborates Dewey’s conception of scientific curriculum, a preparation for experiment in the Laboratory School, and science subject-matter and scientific method in the school. Chapter V provides a detailed exposition on the role of subject-matter and method in Dewey’s scientific curriculum and a brief explanation on his thought about subject-matter and method after he left the Laboratory School. Conclusions and reflections are offered in Chapter VI. / text

人類的政治與日常生活內容存在於公共領域和私領域中，隨著社會的自由化與民主化，公私領域也對教育產生影響。本研究把公共領域視為政治生活的空間，人們在其中通過彼此的共同經驗來討論各種議題。私領域則是涉及自身關係與親密關係等內容，其發展與公共領域有密不可分的關係。本研究重新描述了Dewey教育理論中的經驗與民主等概念，且針對其中的不足之處，企圖以公私領域的概念加以充實之。研究者主要從四個部分的分析來重構Dewey的理論：一、增加生活經驗的多樣性；二、社會化與個性化的兼顧；三、公共與私人的民主生活；四、民主教育的自主與團結。根據上面的分析，最後研究者對Dewey的教育理論提出了四點建議：第一，把公私領域的概念融入Dewey的經驗理論中，使人們注意到在經驗的連續性及交互作用中，存在那些公共與私人生活的複雜關係；第二，重申個性化和社會化必須兼顧的重要性；第三，瞭解各種團體的互動關係能使共同生活更為完善；第四，把各種公共與私人的關係納入考量中，將有助於彰顯出完整的人類生活面貌。 / The politics and daily life of human lay both in the public and the private sphere, along with the liberalization and democratization in the society, the public and the private sphere also bring about influence on education. The study treats public sphere as the realm of political life. In the realm, people discuss various subjects with their associated experiences. The private sphere involves self and intimacy relations, their development have inseparable relevance to public sphere. The study redescribes the concepts of experience and democracy in the Dewey’s educational theory, and attempts to enrich his shortage with the concept of the public and the private sphere. The Author reconstructs Dewey’s educational theory by four points: Adding the variation of life experiences, giving equal attention to socialization and individualization, public and private democratic life, autonomy and solidarity of the democratic education. Accordingly, the author proposes four suggests to Dewey's educational theory: Firstly, if people want to understand the complexity of the public and the private life, they need to integrate the public sphere and the private sphere into Dewey’s experience theory. Secondly, reiterating the importance of the individualization and the socialization must be given equal attention. Thirdly, understanding the interactive relationships in various associations could cause to a better associated living. Fourthly, it will be helpful to show a complete human life by taking all kinds of the public and the private relation into account.