University of Macau / Faculty of Law

University of Macau / Faculty of Law

Le monde arabe, où l’Égypte occupe une place de choix par sa situation géographique et son histoire, n’a pas connu de gouvernements démocratiques depuis l’accès à l’indépendance des pays le composant. On soulève dans ce travail la question des mécanismes de la survivance autoritaire dans le monde arabe en prenant pour cas d’étude le régime d’Hosni Moubarak, les récentes mobilisations de janvier 2011 constituant à notre avis un « test » pour les dynamiques d’ajustement autoritaire à l’œuvre depuis trente ans en Égypte. Alors que certains auteurs soutiennent la cause d’une judiciarisation de la vie politique en Egypte stimulée par la place du droit et des juridictions judiciaires dans le pays, dans quel sens ont évolué les marges de manœuvre d’agents politiques et juridiques égyptiens ? La Haute Cour constitutionnelle a-t-elle été un facteur de stabilisation pour le régime autoritaire d’Hosni Moubarak ou bien, a-t-elle constitue un rempart contre le régime en place? Alors que les Democratization studies ont démontré leurs limites conceptuelles pour appréhender les évolutions politiques dans un espace supposément aux prises avec une « exception autoritaire » régionale, cette recherche s’inscrit dans la vague d’écrits offrant une lecture de la reconfiguration autoritaire dans l’espace arabe. En premier lieu, nous analyserons l’impact de l’activité jurisprudentielle émanant de la Haute Cour constitutionnelle égyptienne en matière de défense des droits politiques, et cela afin de montrer de quelle manière cette institution a participé à la survivance du régime de Moubarak (1981-2010). En second lieu, on confirmera nos observations à partir d’une étude portant sur les droits économiques levant le voile sur une « complaisance stratégique » des juges constitutionnels vis-à-vis du pouvoir politique. Néanmoins, ce ne sera qu’en remettant en contexte cette sphère professionnelle qu’il sera possible, dans un troisième temps, d’en expliquer les raisons en appréciant la sensibilité de ce segment professionnel à la notion d’indépendance judiciaire.

Magistro baigiamojo darbo tema – Europos Bendrijos netarifinių prekybos reguliavimo priemonių aplinkos apsaugos srityje analizė ir perspektyvos. Darbe išsamiai aptariami esami ir numatomi reikalavimai cheminių medžiagų ir preparatų bei ozono sluoksnį ardančių medžiagų eksportui, importui ir tiekimui į rinką. Analizuojamos konvencijos, Europos sąjungos ir nacionaliniai teisės aktai, kad galima būtų atlikti EB netarifinių prekybos reguliavimo priemonių analizę ir numatyti perspektyvas. Darbe naudojama statistinių duomenų analizė, apimanti 2005 – 2007 metus, parodė, kad griežtėjant cheminių medžiagų ir preparatų eksporto, importo , tiekimo į rinką, o taip pat naudojimo reglamentavimui , jų vis mažiau importuojama į Lietuvos Respubliką. Taip pat sumažėjo ir kai kurių cheminių medžiagų ir preparatų eksportas. Ozono sluoksnį ardančių medžiagų vartojimo sumažinimą sąlygojo Lietuvoje įgyvendintos priemonės, visuomenės ir ūkio objektų informavimas apie jų daromą žalą, galimus šių medžiagų pakaitalus, apie Europos Sąjungos ir nacionalinius teisės aktų reikalavimus. Dauguma priemonių įgyvendinta pasinaudojus negrąžintina Pasaulio aplinkos fondo parama. Atlikus teisės aktų bei statistinių duomenų analizę, nustatyta, kad pasitvirtino darbe iškeltos hipotezės: prekėms, kurios daro žalingą poveikį aplinkai, prekybai taikomos griežtos netarifinės reguliavimo priemonės atitinka siekiamus švarios ir sveikos aplinkos tikslus; ieškoma ir randama alternatyvų pavojingų cheminių medžiagų ir... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The topic of Master‘s final work is the analysis and prospects of non tariff trade regulation means of the European Community in the sphere of environment protection. The present and foreseen requirements of export, import and supply to the market of chemical materials and manufactures and the materials which destroy the ozone layer are discussed in detail in the final work. Analizuojamos konvencijos, In order to perform the analysis and to foresee the prospects of non tariff trade regulation means of EC , the law acts of European Union and the national law acts , conventions are analyzed. The statistics data analysis of 2005-2007 , which was used in the work, showed that when the regulations of chemical materials export , import and supply to the market and also their usage , became stricter, less of such materials are imported to Lithuania. The export of some chemical materials and manifactures also decreased. The usage of the materials which destroy the ozone layer lowered due to some means which are implemented in Lithuania and they are: the conveyance of the society and manufacturers about the harm which the materials cause, about possible substitutes and about the requirements of the law acts of European Union and the national law acts. Most of these means were implemented with the help of irretrievable support of World environment funds. After the analysis of law acts and the statistics data it was defined that the hypothesis of the work have been... [to full text]

Water protection and quality management in the European Union and Lithuania Summary Key words: water protection, strategic planning, integrated protection, sustainable development, financial instruments, water directives, transference of legislation, legislation on water protection. The major objective of this master thesis is to examine how water protection policy is implemented in the EU and Lithuania, to analyze possibilities of water policy financing, and to discuss the process of harmonizing EU’s and Lithuania’s legislation on water protection issues. The hypothesis raised in this thesis states that successful implementation of water policy is being highly influenced by the integrated water management, which covers policy agenda setting, legislation scope, institutional capabilities and financing efficiency. The thesis consists of six parts. In the first part of this thesis author examines three different stages of water policy implementation in the EU in a chronological order. The development of policy formation is discussed and features of every stage are defined. In the second part of the thesis water directives of different stages of EU water policy are presented and examined. The third part of this thesis is targeted to examine the development of water policy in Lithuania and at the same time to determine the changes of water legislation in Lithuania prior to its membership in the European Union and after its entry. The fourth part of the thesis aims to... [to full text]

Le monde arabe, où l’Égypte occupe une place de choix par sa situation géographique et son histoire, n’a pas connu de gouvernements démocratiques depuis l’accès à l’indépendance des pays le composant. On soulève dans ce travail la question des mécanismes de la survivance autoritaire dans le monde arabe en prenant pour cas d’étude le régime d’Hosni Moubarak, les récentes mobilisations de janvier 2011 constituant à notre avis un « test » pour les dynamiques d’ajustement autoritaire à l’œuvre depuis trente ans en Égypte. Alors que certains auteurs soutiennent la cause d’une judiciarisation de la vie politique en Egypte stimulée par la place du droit et des juridictions judiciaires dans le pays, dans quel sens ont évolué les marges de manœuvre d’agents politiques et juridiques égyptiens ? La Haute Cour constitutionnelle a-t-elle été un facteur de stabilisation pour le régime autoritaire d’Hosni Moubarak ou bien, a-t-elle constitue un rempart contre le régime en place? Alors que les Democratization studies ont démontré leurs limites conceptuelles pour appréhender les évolutions politiques dans un espace supposément aux prises avec une « exception autoritaire » régionale, cette recherche s’inscrit dans la vague d’écrits offrant une lecture de la reconfiguration autoritaire dans l’espace arabe. En premier lieu, nous analyserons l’impact de l’activité jurisprudentielle émanant de la Haute Cour constitutionnelle égyptienne en matière de défense des droits politiques, et cela afin de montrer de quelle manière cette institution a participé à la survivance du régime de Moubarak (1981-2010). En second lieu, on confirmera nos observations à partir d’une étude portant sur les droits économiques levant le voile sur une « complaisance stratégique » des juges constitutionnels vis-à-vis du pouvoir politique. Néanmoins, ce ne sera qu’en remettant en contexte cette sphère professionnelle qu’il sera possible, dans un troisième temps, d’en expliquer les raisons en appréciant la sensibilité de ce segment professionnel à la notion d’indépendance judiciaire.

A dissertação de Mestrado intitulada ´Relação Jurídica entre Agências de Turismo e Turistas-consumidores - Problemas e Conflitos em Porto Alegre/RS` aborda a relação jurídica existente entre agências de turismo (prestador de serviços turísticos) e turistas (consumidor). Este estudo inicia com uma síntese evolutiva da legislação turística. Nesse sentido, aborda aspectos marcantes da legislação turística brasileira ao longo dos tempos, dando maior ênfase àquelas que dispõem sobre agências de turismo, e também àquelas de relevância no regime jurídico atual. Em seguida, aborda a Relação Jurídica e Turismo, a partir de dois subitens. O primeiro refere-se às partes envolvidas nessa relação, ou seja, a agência de turismo e o turista. O segundo estuda a relação jurídica existente entre agências e turistas, a partir da caracterização da mesma e das conseqüências dessa relação, seja quanto aos aspectos gerais dos contratos, contratos eletrônicos ou, ainda, em deveres acessórios. Após este estudo teórico, parte-se para a pesquisa de campo, que foi realizada junto aos cartórios das varas cíveis e juizados especiais cíveis do Fórum Central de Porto Alegre. Esta análise permitiu fazer uma caracterização geral dos processos envolvendo agências de turismo, para em seguida assinalar as ações judiciais em andamento entre agências de turismo e turistas-consumidores. Por meio deste estudo foi possível analisar os problemas e conflitos existentes nesta relação, bem como propor medidas para a minimização destes conflitos. / Submitted by Marcelo Teixeira (mvteixeira@ucs.br) on 2014-05-05T16:44:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Andrea Monlleo Martins da Silva.pdf: 232386 bytes, checksum: ac2e334377a0718f3e78e19fb9970711 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-05T16:44:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Andrea Monlleo Martins da Silva.pdf: 232386 bytes, checksum: ac2e334377a0718f3e78e19fb9970711 (MD5) / The work entitled ´Juridical Relation between Travel Agencies and Tourists-consumers - Problems and Conflicts in Porto Alegre/RS` concerns the juridical relations between travel agencies (provider of tourism services) and tourists (consumer). This study begins with an evolutionary synthesis of tourism-related laws, giving greater importance to those regarding travel agencies and to the ones applicable in the current legal system. Next, it examines the Juridical Relations and Tourism, in two sections. The first refers to the parties involved in this relation, that is, the travel agency and the tourist. The second studies the juridical relation between travel agencies and tourists, its characteristics and consequences, in general aspects of contracts, electronic contracts and accessory obligations. After this theoretical study, a field research was conducted in the Central Civil Court of Porto Alegre. This research allowed a general description of lawsuits including travel agencies as one of the parties, to then establish which disputes include travel agencies and tourists-consumers. With this study it was possible to analyze the existing problems in this relation and also to develop measures to minimize these conflicts.

Submitted by Edileide Reis (leyde-landy@hotmail.com) on 2013-04-11T17:02:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Alassana.pdf: 921475 bytes, checksum: 1a3200ff14f69c80d13422277df8a17b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Meirelles(rodrigomei@ufba.br) on 2013-05-09T17:22:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Alassana.pdf: 921475 bytes, checksum: 1a3200ff14f69c80d13422277df8a17b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-09T17:22:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alassana.pdf: 921475 bytes, checksum: 1a3200ff14f69c80d13422277df8a17b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / O presente trabalho objetivou analisar a aplicabilidade das normas de tratados internacionais no direito comercial particularmente no caso do Tratado da OHADA na Guiné-Bissau do ponto de vista jurídico-constitucional e de direito internacional. Analisam-se na presente pesquisa os conflitos emergentes com a adesão da Guiné-Bissau a essa organização internacional não olvidando as teorias clássicas sobre o tema isto é as teorias monista e dualista. Neste caso enfatizou-se a problemática da supranacionalidade da OHADA a questão da aplicação direta e obrigatória dos seus atos normativos por parte dos Estados-Membros e na falta de normas constitucionais guineenses respeitantes à relação com as normas do direito internacional verificou-se quais as possíveis soluções oferecidas pela doutrina. Ademais procurou-se comparar os dois ordenamentos jurídicos com a finalidade de constatar as inovações introduzidas pelos atos normativos da OHADA considerando que não houve uma revogação total e global das normas comerciais vigentes. Tudo isso sem perder de vista a análise do seu ordenamento jurídico e suas características. Foi observado por outro lado que a Guiné-Bissau não somente carece de preceitos sobre o valor que as normas internacionais ocupam no seu direito interno, como também constatou-se que não admite a supranacionalidade, constituindo assim um verdadeiro obstáculo à integração política e supranacional visada pela OHADA. / Salvador

Money is a public good. The regulation of its creation, supply and distribution is of national and international interest. Monetary stability is an important regulatory goal conducted through an interaction of economic, political, religious factors as well as legislative action. The state plays an intermediary role, bridging domestic interests and international interests. Increasing interdependence between national economic systems and international obligations sometimes leads to the manipulation of systems as well as currency wars. Regulation is done through co-operative international action since domestic regulators are no longer sufficiently equipped to do so. Resultantly, there is an emergence of new structural paradigms to deal with it. Meanwhile, states still enjoy certain residual competences of sovereignty. Numerous legal factors act as constraints on sovereignty with far reaching implications on states’ regulatory space. In light of the divergence of regulatory objectives, there is an apparent need to balance municipal with international interests on the regulation of the monetary system. / Mercantile Law / LL. M.

A pesquisa teve a finalidade de examinar o pressuposto de admissibilidade da repercussão geral inserido pela Emenda Constitucional 45/2004 e regulado pela Lei n. 11.418/06 e suas implicações nos futuros recursos extraordinários em matéria ambiental. A metodologia utilizada centrou-se na pesquisa doutrinária, legislativa e jurisprudencial. Com a análise do pressuposto da repercussão geral e de sua configuração nas hipóteses de transcendência (econômica, política, social e jurídica) em cotejo com o direito fundamental ao meio ambiente sadio e equilibrado, constatou-se a necessidade de que tal requisito não seja apenas mais um instrumento de filtragem recursal, mas sim um elemento de efetividade dos recursos extraordinários que versem sobre questões ambientais constitucionais, ante a mudança de um paradigma subjetivo para outro de características objetivas. Para tanto, defendeu-se uma alternativa menos formalista (quanto ao momento da análise do preenchimento do pressuposto); a presunção de repercussão geral nas ações civis públicas e nas ações populares; a ampla participação da figura do amicus curiae ainda na fase prévia; e o rompimento do dogma da impossibilidade do reexame dos fatos, possibilitando uma hermenêutica voltada para a proteção ambiental, servindo-se nesse último caso das legislações que tratam do processo do controle concentrado de constitucionalidade e da arguição de descumprimento de preceito fundamental. / Submitted by Marcelo Teixeira (mvteixeira@ucs.br) on 2014-06-05T16:32:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Marcio Frezza Sgarioni.pdf: 1217937 bytes, checksum: ebc5721ddbcaa6aef9c4be7eab48c86a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-05T16:32:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Marcio Frezza Sgarioni.pdf: 1217937 bytes, checksum: ebc5721ddbcaa6aef9c4be7eab48c86a (MD5) / The research aimed to examine the impact of juridical general repercussion as a requirement of admissibility, inserted by Constitutional Amendment 45/2004 and regulated by Law No 11.418/06, as its implications for future judicial extraordinary appeals based on the environmental resources. The methodology adopted was the research on the available data basis of doctrine, legislation and court decisions. Analyzing the juridical general repercussion as a requirement of admissibility, and its configuration within the transcendence hypothesis (economics, political, social and juridical) in comparison to the fundamental right to a healthy and balanced environment, it was realized that the requirement is not just a tool for a judicial filtering of the extraordinary appeals, but also is an element of effectiveness for the extraordinary appeals that deals with the constitucional environmental issues, in face of the subjective paradigm shift towards to another one, with more objective characteristics. With this goal, a less formal alternative was presented (related to the timing of the requirement analisys), wich is the presumption of the juridical general repercussion in the public civil and popular law suits; a more active participation of the amicus curiae even in the preliminaries stages; and the disruption of the impossibility of the review of the facts dogma, to allow a hermeneutics more focused on the environmental protection, using, to do so, the laws that address to the concentrated control of constitutionality as the laws that invoke the breach of the fundamental precept.