This thesis deals with the genealogy of so-called "Strahov events", i.e. the protest of students from Strahov dormitories, which took place on October 31, 1967. The key question is why seemingly an insignificant event - a power outage - led to the collapse of the university organization of the Czechoslovak Union of Youth (ČSM). The thesis analyses the 1960s through optic of street politics, and examines manifestations of the particular student collectives that preceded the Strahov protest and which set up the implicit rules on how to enter the public space and what content it should bring in and how to avoid repressive reaction in the same time. In particular, it focuses on the majáles festival marches in 1965 and 1966 and the so- called Petřín incidents - the annual May Day clashes between the Public Security forces and the youth at Petřín hill. It helps to answer related questions: how these collectives influenced the origin, course and consequences of the Strahov demonstration. In addition, the thesis focuses on the process of creation of student social movement. It examines what the students expected in the 1960s, what was the purpose of their criticism and how their criticism was influenced by the context social transformations that took place in the state-socialist Czechoslovakia in the...

Submitted by (lucia.rodrigues@ufrpe.br) on 2016-12-01T15:09:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Cesar de Mendonca Pereira.pdf: 1627751 bytes, checksum: d626fe3f87d7d0202be0d17a76246236 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-01T15:09:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cesar de Mendonca Pereira.pdf: 1627751 bytes, checksum: d626fe3f87d7d0202be0d17a76246236 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-08-06 / This work aims to understand the “Ponto de Cultura Estrela de Ouro”, located in the city of Aliança – Pernambuco, as a strategy of intervention for local development. The “Ponto de Cultura” is the main action of “Cultura Viva” program and it consists in places where some manifestations of popular culture are developed. This work was developed from the theoretic perspectives of Gilberto Gil, Minister of Culture, and conceptual presumptions of Sergio Buarque, Maria Salett Tauk Santos, Angelo Brás Fernandes Callou e Augusto de Franco about local development issue. It was also based on concepts of Nestor Garcia Canclini, Lia Calabre e Frederico Silva about cultural public policies. The methodology followed the standard for qualitative research, where 21 informants were selected: four masters, three coordinators, ten “Cultura Viva” agents and four residents. The instruments of analysis were semi-structured interviews, field diary and participating observation. In the exploratory phase, an accurate bibliographic research was made within books, magazines and newspapers, among others publications. It was searched a relation among popular culture manifestations, cultural public policies, empowerment and local development. The main contribution of this work was to analyze the way a manifestation of popular culture can serve as a tool for the local development, besides support cultural public policies to aid popular manifestation and the development of cultural activities for young people. It was verified the importance that the deployment of “Ponto de Cultura” brought to the community, giving people the hope of a better life. / Este trabalho tem por objetivo compreender o Ponto de Cultura Estrela de Ouro, localizado no município de Aliança – Pernambuco, como estratégia de intervenção para o Desenvolvimento Local. O Ponto de Cultura é a ação principal do Programa Cultura Viva e consiste em locais onde já se desenvolve alguma manifestação da cultura popular. Desenvolvemos este estudo a partir das perspectivas teóricas do próprio Ministro da Cultura, Gilberto Gil e dos pressupostos conceituais de Sergio Buarque, Maria Salett Tauk Santos, Angelo Brás Fernandes Callou e Augusto de Franco no que diz respeito à questão de Desenvolvimento Local e também dos conceitos de Nestor Garcia Canclini, Lia Calabre e Frederico Silva em relação a políticas públicas culturais. Nossa metodologia seguiu o padrão das pesquisas de natureza qualitativa, para a qual selecionamos 21 informantes: quatro mestres, três coordenadores, dez agentes Cultura Viva e quatro moradores. Nossos instrumentos de análises foram entrevistas semi-estruturadas, diário de campo e a observação participante. Na fase exploratória da pesquisa contamos com uma acurada pesquisa bibliográfica em livros, revistas e jornais, entre outras publicações, mediante o que buscamos uma relação entre manifestações da cultura popular, políticas públicas culturais, empoderamento e Desenvolvimento Local. A maior contribuição desse estudo foi constatar que as manifestações da cultura popular servem de ferramenta para a construção do desenvolvimento local, além de subsidiar políticas públicas culturais de apoio às manifestações populares e o desenvolvimento de atividades culturais para os jovens. Constatou-se a relevância da implantação do Ponto de Cultura para a comunidade, proporcionando aos indivíduos a esperança de uma vida melhor.

Eucalyptus benthamii tem se mostrado especialmente vantajoso como alternativa ao cultivo em regiões frias, justificando esforços para o estabelecimento de protocolos para sua micropropagação. Porém, as matrizes são preferencialmente selecionadas quando adultas (material apresenta menor competência morfogênica), tornando a micropropagação dependente de maior número de subcultivos e maior tempo para se reverter o material ao rejuvenescimento. Assim, a redução das perdas in vitro tem merecido atenção, como por exemplo, as manifestações endofíticas, que exigem maximização da eficiência da cultura e adequações no protocolo, visando minimizá-las, possibilitando melhorar o entendimento das relações estabelecidas e mantidas entre os endófitos e seu hospedeiro durante a micropropagação. Dessa maneira, foram utilizadas minicepas provenientes de duas fontes de miniestacas coletadas a partir do brotamento de gemas epicórmicas de megaestacas da base da copa e de brotamentos do anelamento da base do tronco, de uma matriz de E. benthamii com 13 anos de idade, estabelecidas em minijardim clonal sob condição de casa de vegetação, com o objetivo de avaliar como se dá a multiplicação, sob diferentes condições de cultivo, das duas fontes de explantes (minicepas); analisar se a frequência e intensidade das manifestações endofíticas são afetadas pelas diferentes condições de cultivo; investigar a ocorrência de alterações na comunidade bacteriana endofítica devido à alteração das condições de cultivo e fase da micropropagação (in vivo = minicepas, e in vitro = microcepas, material alongado e enraizado). Visando atender estes objetivos, a pesquisa se dividiu em duas partes. Na primeira (capitulo 3) o desenvolvimento, os aspectos morfofisiológicos, histoquímicos e a manifestação endofítica foram avaliados na multiplicação das duas fontes de explante sob diferentes meios e condições de cultivo. Na segunda (capítulo 4) as comunidades bacterianas endofíticas foram analisadas por meio de PCR-DGGE, baseada na região V6 do gene 16S DNAr. Os resultados mostraram que as microcepas provenientes de megaestaca tiveram melhor desenvolvimento independentemente do tratamento e maior frequência de manifestações endofíticas, comparando-se com as de anelamento. As comunidades bacterinas endofíticas foram distintas entre as amostras in vivo e in vitro, e se alteraram ao longo dos subcultivos e nas amostras alongadas e enraizadas. As diferenças existentes no desenvolvimento das microcepas podem ser inerentes à totipotencialidade do material, mas também podem ser afetadas, tanto pela ocorrência de manifestação, quanto pela comunidade bacteriana endofítica mais ou menos sensível ao processo de micropropagação, auxiliando ou prejudicando o desenvolvimento in vitro de seus hospedeiros. Cabe destacar, ainda, que mesmo em um sistema asséptico e ambientalmente controlado, os microrganismos endofíticos que resistiram a todo processo de desinfestação e cultivo, não estão \"adormecidos\", muito pelo contrário podem se alterar em quantidade à medida que seu hospedeiro é submetido a um novo sistema de cultivo (introdução) ou uma nova fase dentro da micropropagação (multiplicação → alongamento e enraizamnento) ou, ainda, ao longo dos subcultivos. Sendo assim, a complexa rede de relações das plantas com seus endófitos não cessa durante o cultivo in vitro, ao contrário mantém-se dinâmica. / Eucalyptus benthamii has proven to be especially advantageous as an alternative culture in cold regions, justifying efforts to establish protocols for micropropagation. However, the matrices are preferably selected when adults (material with lower morphogenic efficiency), making micropropagation more dependent of subcultures and too longer to reverse the material to rejuvenation. Thus, reduction of losses in vitro has deserved attention, such for example the endophytic manifestations that require the maximization of efficiency culture and adjustments to the Protocol, in order to minimize them, enabling better understanding of the relations established and maintained between endophytes and its host along micropropagation. For this, mini-stumps were used from two sources of mini-cuttings collected from the epicormic shoots of mega-cuttings from the treetop base and shoots from girdling from the trunk base, both of one E. benthamii matrix with 13 years of age established in clonal mini garden under greenhouse condition, aimed to evaluate how is the multiplication of two sources of explants (mini-stumps) under different growing conditions; analyze how the endophytic manifestations frequency and intensity are affected by different conditions; investigate the changes to occurrence in the endophytic bacterial community due to the variation of culture conditions and micropropagation phase (in vivo = mini-stumps, and in vitro = micro-stumps, elongated and rooted materials). In order to meet these objectives, the research was divided in two parts. In the first (chapter 3) the development, morphophysiological aspects, histochemical and endophytic manifestation were evaluated in the multiplication of the two explants sources from different media and culture conditions. In the second (chapter 4) endophytic bacterial communities were analyzed by PCR-DGGE based on the V6 region of 16S rDNA gene. The results showed that micro-stumps from mega-cuttings had better development regardless of treatment and increased frequency of endophytic events, comparing with the girdling. Endophytic bacterial communities were different between samples in vivo and in vitro, and have changed over the subcultures and the elongated and rooted samples. The differences in the development of micro-stumps can be explained by the totipotentiality inherent to the material, but may also be affected by both the manifestation occurrence and the endophytic bacterial community more or less sensitive to the micropropagation, helping or harming the in vitro development of their hosts. We also highlight that even in an aseptic and environmentally controlled system, the endophytic microorganisms that resisted the whole process of disinfection and cultivation, are not \"asleep\", quite the opposite may change in quantity when your host is subjected to a new cultivation system (in vitro establishment) and a new phase within the micropropagation (multiplication → stretching and enraizamnento), or even along the subcultures. This way, the complex network of relationships of the plant with their endophyte does not cease during the in vitro culture, unlike remains dynamic.

La passion des Romains pour les jeux du cirque, et surtout pour les courses de chars, apparaît comme un topos dans la littérature ancienne. Si les auteurs anciens ont maintes fois évoqué l’état d’excitation du public, les jugements moraux et les stéréotypes l’emportent sur toute tentative d’analyse et très peu d’amateurs de courses ont laissé de témoignage, comme la première partie de cette thèse le met en évidence. Il nous a donc fallu dépasser ces préjugés afin d’expliquer les raisons d’un tel engouement. La confrontation des données issues des sources textuelles aux résultats de travaux récents en psychologie des émotions et en sociologie du sport nous a permis de démontrer, dans la seconde partie, le lien entre la passion des jeux et les émotions provoquées par ces spectacles. En effet, cette passion se nourrissait largement des émotions intenses éprouvées par les spectateurs, elles-mêmes conséquence d’un phénomène d’hyperstimulation sensorielle auquel ils étaient soumis depuis leur arrivée aux abords du bâtiment jusqu’à la fin des jeux. Cet engouement pour les ludi circenses avait donc des causes intrinsèques aux spectacles. Face à ce constat et à l’intérêt croissant du pouvoir pour les circenses dès la fin de la République, la troisième partie de cette thèse examine la question de l’instrumentalisation de ces jeux à des fins politiques. Si des chefs d’armées, comme Pompée ou Jules César, comprirent tout le bénéfice qu’ils pouvaient en retirer en terme de popularité et si, à partir d’Auguste, les circenses font partie intégrante de la politique impériale, il serait néanmoins erroné de percevoir les spectateurs du cirque comme une foule manipulée par le pouvoir. Ils jouissaient en ce lieu d’une autorité considérable, non seulement sur le déroulement des jeux, mais aussi à l’égard de l’empereur, à tel point que le rapport de force avec ce dernier pouvait même éventuellement s’inverser. Le cirque a été en effet parfois le cadre de manifestations d’hostilité de la foule à l’encontre de l’empereur ou de ses proches et dans la plupart des cas les manifestants ont obtenu gain de cause. La clémence du prince semble donc avoir été l’usage en ce lieu. Cependant, il convient de ne pas réduire les acteurs de ces mouvements de protestation à la plèbe. Ces manifestations étaient vraisemblablement souvent orchestrées et soigneusement préparées à l’avance, or il nous est apparu que seuls des membres de l’ordre sénatorial ou équestre avaient les moyens humains et logistiques d’y parvenir. / Passion for Roman circus games, and especially for chariot races, appears as a topos in ancient literature. Even if ancient authors frequently evoke the excitement of the audience, this excitement often attracts moral condemnations and stereotypes rather than critical analysis and there are very few testimonies coming from chariot races enthusiasts, as it may be noted in the first part of the thesis. This study aims to overcome these prejudices in order to explain the reasons for such an enthusiasm. In the second part, after confronting data coming from textual sources with what recent works in psychology of emotion and sociology of sport can teach us, we demonstrate the link between passion for the games and the emotions provoked by those spectacles. This passion, indeed, was mainly entertained by the intensity of the emotions, resulting themselves from the sensory overload which the spectators experienced, from the moment they were reaching the circus to the end of the games. This passion may be due to factors intrinsic to the show. Considering this aspect as well as the growing interest of the power for circenses at the end of the Republic, the third part examines the exploitation of the games for political purposes. Even if army leaders, such as Pompey and Caesar, well understood all the benefits they could derive in terms of popularity, and even if the circenses started to be, from Augustus on, an integral part of imperial policy, it would be a mistake to see the spectators simply as a crowd manipulated by political power. It appears that the spectators enjoyed considerable authority over this place, not only in relation to the conduct of the games, but also even in relation to the emperor, insomuch as the power struggle between the emperor and his subjects could sometimes be reversed. On several occasions, indeed, the circus was the scene of the crowd’s hostility against the emperor or his relatives, and in many such cases, the demonstrators were successful. It seems that it was customary for the emperor to show clemency within the circus. However, it is important not to generalise about the participants of protests and not to consider them simply as a plebeian mob. Such protests were in all likelihood often carefully orchestrated and planned in advance; it seems clear that only members of the senatorial or equestrian orders had the human resources and logistical capacity to achieve that.

博士（法学） / 甲第373号 / iv, 377p / 一橋大学

The aim of the thesis is to explore which attributes of expression and attributes of manifestation are commonly found in bibliographic records and compare them with the information needs of users. The research is focused on the Union catalog of the Czech Republic - CASLIN. In the theoretical part there are presented problems with attributes of expression and attributes of manifestation in model FRBR. In the research part there was performed content analysis of several bibliographic records owing to problems of attributes of expression and attributes of manifestation. In the research section there was made the analysis of information needs of users, too. As qualitative research methods were selected observation of participants and semi-structured interviews with respondents. The result of this thesis should be a comparison between reality in library catalogs and information needs of users.

Portraits from the Tudor period are filled with symbols of status, wealth and power. This paper explores what role materiality plays in this communication. By exploring the role of materiality primarily linked to trade and relations between artists, patrons and the art market, two portraits depicting Mary I are analyzed. The role of materiality in the portraits is discussed based on, among other things, Bia Mankell's theories of materiality. The analysis shows that materiality is used in two different ways in the two works, but what they have in common is that the presence of materiality in both works seems to be important in the expression of wealth and thus power. The portraits' communication of status is reinforced by the material qualities of the works by using either precious materials or skilled artists. Something that depended on both access to financial means and geographical location.

No description available.

The relevance of the research topic is determined, on the one hand, by the need for the enterprise to maintain the proper level of reliability in order to respond to changes in the environment in a timely manner, always be ready to meet its obligations, in all situations to satisfy demand and secure a strong position in the market, on the other hand, the desire organizations to reduce costs and continuously improve the efficiency of their activities, which is ensured, inter alia, by the use of lean-technologies. The aim of the master's thesis is to develop an economic mechanism to ensure the reliability of the enterprise when introducing the concept of lean manufacturing. The paper considers the concept of “reliability” in relation to organizations, analyzes the experience of implementing lean manufacturing, and also puts forward a hypothesis about the relationship of these phenomena, which is confirmed using a structured-logical model of the relationship between the consequences of the use of lean-technologies and the reliability of the enterprise, and empirically. As a theoretical and methodological base, the works of the founders and subsequent researchers of the concept of lean manufacturing, Russian and foreign authors, who studied the problem of ensuring the reliability of systems of various nature, including economic ones, were used. The empirical basis for the work was our own empirical research, the results of departmental research, as well as the reporting of the enterprise where the developed methods were tested. Based on the results of the study, the author’s definition of the concept of “reliability of the enterprise’s functioning” is formulated, a classification of factors and aspects of the manifestation of the property under consideration is developed, a methodology for assessing the reliability of the functioning of the enterprise is developed, the basis of which is a system of indicators formed in accordance with the author’s classification of factors and aspects of the manifestation of reliability, and elements are also developed the economic mechanism to achieve a compromise between the consequences of introducing the concept of lean manufacturing and the reliability of the enterprise, which will create the conditions for the effective use of the tools of the concept and ensuring the reliability of the enterprise in the conditions of "lean manufacturing". / Актуальность темы исследования обусловлена, с одной стороны, необходимостью предприятия поддерживать должный уровень надежности, чтобы своевременно реагировать на изменения внешней среды, всегда быть готовым ответить по своим обязательствам, в любых ситуациях удовлетворять спрос и обеспечивать себе сильные позиции на рынке, с другой стороны – стремлением организации сокращать издержки и непрерывно повышать эффективность своей деятельности, что обеспечивается, в том числе, применением lean-технологий. Целью магистерской диссертации является разработка экономического механизма обеспечения надежности функционирования предприятия при внедрении концепции бережливого производства. В работе рассматривается понятие «надежность» применительно к организациям, анализируется опыт внедрения бережливого производства, а также выдвигается гипотеза о взаимосвязи данных явлений, которая подтверждается как с помощью составленной структурно-логической модели взаимосвязей между последствиями применения lean-технологий и надежностью функционирования предприятия, так и эмпирическим путем. В качестве теоретико-методологической базы использованы труды основоположников и последующих исследователей концепции бережливого производства, российских и зарубежных авторов, занимавшихся изучением проблемы обеспечения надежности систем различной природы, включая экономические. Эмпирической базой для работы послужили собственные эмпирические исследования, результаты ведомственных исследований, а также отчетность предприятия, на котором была проведена апробация разработанных методик. По результатам исследования сформулировано авторское определение понятия «надежность функционирования предприятия», сформирована классификация факторов и аспектов проявления рассматриваемого свойства, разработана методика оценки надежности функционирования предприятия, основу которой составляет сформированная в соответствии с авторской классификацией факторов и аспектов проявления надежности система показателей, а также разработаны элементы экономического механизма достижения компромисса между последствиями внедрения концепции бережливого производства и надежностью функционирования предприятия, который позволит создать условия для эффективного использования инструментов концепции и обеспечения надежности функционирования предприятия в условиях «бережливого производства».

This study investigates, via the socio-rhetorical approach, how the Jewish-Christian conflict that occurred during the formative period of early Christianity, and the environment contemporary to the writing of John, took shape around three main questions to which the researcher's answers are given. The event described in John 9 is an historical and significant illustration of the conflict. Jesus is shown rhetorically, by the writer, as the Son of Man, in whom "divine reality" operates away from the temple or other traditionally sacred places like the synagogue, and finds a new locality in the persona of Jesus himself. From a polemical view, John endeavours to portray Jesus as holy man, the only one to mediate heavenly and earthly realities, and that is why Jesus is presented as the real locus of the encounter between God and human beings, a locus of the divine presence, or "the conduit for the transmission of the divine." / New Testament / MTH (NEW TESTAMENT)