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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:17:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bruno Cesar de Pinho Costa.pdf: 15011533 bytes, checksum: 6a0668f6c2811d663f8e595649716502 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-27 / This work consists of three chapters. In the firt chapter, the reader will be introduced to the experimental condition where the following described experiments were performed. This condition consists of the following equipment/tools: (a) a box where multiple operant responses can be recorded continuously and completely over 24 hr per day (b) the ability to monitor and control experiments remotely and (c ) a device capable of recording in Excel spreadsheet data about the temperature and the relative humidity of the air. The chapter concludes with some suggestions for areas of research in this experimental condition could be used. In Chapter 2 describes an experiment in which a set of daily activities of the expeirmental subject was recorded 24 hr per day while it lived in the experimental conditions described in Chapter 1. The activities recorded in this experiment were: (a) number of pressures to water and food bars, (b) the number of times that the subject entered the nest, (c) number of interactions with the wooden disc and (d) number of turns in the activity wheel. The pressure responses to the bars were reinforced according to a continuous schedule of reinforcement. This experiment was approximately 91 days long. The effects from an accidental deprivation of food, the effects of the light-dark cycle, the temerature and air humidity on the activities of the subject where analysed. Furthermore, peroxides greater stability in daily activities were also discussed. Chapter 3 will describe two experiments in order to verify that sound stimuli could acquire the functions of a substitute conditioned motivating operation (OMC-S). The rat lived 24 hr a day in the experimental condition described in Chapter 1. It was believed that conducting the experiments in these conditions it would be possible to evaluate any additional effects of S-CMO, not only on pressure responses to water bar, but also on other registered activities (the same of Chapter 2). However, these additional effects could not be investigated because the sound stimuli did not acquired the functions of an S-CMO in the two experiments / Este trabalho é composto por três capítulos. No primero capítulo, o leitor será apresentado à condição experimental em que os experimentos descritos a seguir foram realizados. Esta condição é composta pelos seguintes equipamentos/ferramentas: (a) uma caixa onde múltiplas respostas operantes podem ser registradas de forma contínua e completa ao longo de 24 hr por dia, (b) a possibilidade de monitorar e controlar os experimentos remotamente e (c) um dispositivo capaz de registrar em planilhas de Excel os dados referentes à temperatura e à umidade relativa do ar do ambiente. O capítulo é encerrado com algumas sugestões de áreas de pesquisa em que esta condição experimental poderia ser utilizada. No Capítulo 2, é descrito um experimento no qual um conjunto de atividades diárias do sujeito expeirmental foi registrada 24 hr por dia enquanto o sujeito vivia nas condições experimentais descritas no Capítulo 1. As atividades registradas neste experimento foram: (a) número de respostas de pressão às barras de água e alimento, (b) número de vezes em que o sujeito entrava no ninho, (c) número de interações com o disco de madeira e (d) número de voltas na roda de atividades. As respostas de pressão às barras eram reforçadas de acordo com um esquema de reforçamento contínuo. Este experimento teve aproximadamente 91 dias de duração. Foram analisados os efeitos de uma privação acidental de alimento, do ciclo de claroescuro, da temeratura e da humidade relativa do ar sobre as atividades do sujeito. Além disso, os perídos de maior estabilidade nas atividades diárias também foram discutidos. No Capítulo 3 serão descritos dois experimentos com o objetivo de verificar se estímulos sonoros poderiam adquirir as funções de uma operação motivadora condicionada substituta (OMC-S). O sujeito vivia 24 hr por dia na condição experimental descrita no Capítulo 1. Acreditava-se que realizando os experimentos nessas condições seria possível avaliar eventuais efeitos adicionais da OMC-S, não apenas sobre as respostas de pressão à barra de água, mas também sobre as demais atividades registradas (as mesmas do Capítulo 2). Entretanto, esses efeitos adicionais não puderam ser investigados, tendo em vista que os estímulos sonoros não adquiriram as funções de uma OMC-S nos dois experimentos realizados

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:17:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mateus Brasileiro Reis Pereira.pdf: 1184831 bytes, checksum: c3c57f2d5b4aa377fb26f4c981d6ef5c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-26 / References to the topic of motivation or motivating variables are seen since the first texts from authors identified with the field of behavior analysis. The interest in these variables emerged for its relevance in the explanation of a certain type of variability in behavior that could be differentiated from the variability produced by other environmental variables. Nevertheless, the treatment presented to the motivational variables in behavior analysis is often controversial and is not done in a homogeneous way by the different authors that focused on the topic or even throughout the work of one same author. The present study aims to conduct a systematic recovery of the notion offered to the phenomenon traditionally described as motivation in behavior analysis. More specifically, how this notion has been constructed and presented in the work of the two authors in the field that more closely addressed the theme: Skinner and Michael. For that purpose, four closely related, but independent, papers will be presented, with the following objectives: paper 1: the construction of the drive concept in Skinner's work between 1930 and 1938; paper 2: a comparison of the different notions of motivation presented by Skinner throughout his work; paper 3: Michael s delimitation of the field of motivation in behavior analysis and the terminological development by which its proposal has been submitted; paper 4: a comparison between the treatments of Skinner and Michael for motivating variables / Referências ao tema motivação ou às variáveis motivadoras aparecem desde os primeiros textos de autores identificados com a análise do comportamento. O interesse por estas variáveis surgiu por sua relevância na explicação de um certo tipo de variabilidade do comportamento que poderia ser diferenciada da variabilidade produzida por outras variáveis ambientais. Não obstante, o tratamento apresentado às variáveis motivacionais na análise do comportamento é, muitas vezes, controverso e não é feito de uma maneira homogênea entre os diferentes autores que abordaram o tema ou mesmo ao longo da obra de um mesmo autor. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo realizar uma recuperação sistemática da noção conferida ao fenômeno tradicionalmente descrito como motivação dentro da análise do comportamento. Mais especificamente, de como esta noção foi construída e apresentada na obra dos dois autores da área que mais detidamente se dedicaram ao tema: Skinner e Michael. Para isto, serão apresentados quatro artigos intimamente relacionados, porém independentes, com os seguintes objetivos: artigo 1: a construção do conceito de drive na obra de Skinner entre 1930 e 1938; artigo 2: uma comparação entre as diferentes noções de motivação apresentada por Skinner ao longo de sua obra; artigo 3: a delimitação de Michael do campo da motivação na análise do comportamento e o desenvolvimento terminológico pelo qual sua proposta passou; artigo 4: uma comparação entre os tratamentos de Skinner e Michael para as variáveis motivadoras

Traditionally, tourism was placed second as a priority in the agenda of investors, policy makers, and academics. Nowadays, a significant reappraisal of its role in socioeconomic development is taking place, which values tourism as a source for earning export revenues, generating large numbers of jobs, promoting economic growth and a more services-oriented economy not only in developing but also in developed countries (UNCTAD, 2007). According to World Tourism Organization (WTO), the European Union (EU) numbered six Member States among the top 10 countries in the world welcoming the largest number of international tourist arrivals. Within the EU, receipts from international tourism in 2008 were highest in Spain, France, and Italy, followed by Greece and Portugal. Previous studies have attempted to explain destination and/or firm strategic positions by focusing on (mostly demand and supply side factors) prices, exchange rates, qualitative and other institutional factors. The unique memorable experiences provided to customers directly determine a business’s and ultimately destination’s competitiveness. However, the extant tourism literature has provided limited explanation of the factors that characterize these memorable tourism experiences. Why Experience? ● Because a trip is very high in experiential & hedonic characteristics ● Pine & Gilmore (1999) argued the emerging of an “experience economy” in which: companies personally engage consumers through staged events, experiences become offerings in the marketplace; and consumers’ hearts are captured by the memorability of the experience Subject of Research ● Differences in Competitiveness of Regional Destination ● A business’s competitiveness is directly determined by the unique memorable experiences provided to customers. ● Therefore, it is important to investigate the impact that the experience’s perception and expectations can have on the diversification of tourism product & the competitiveness of international regional destinations It is well known that Traveller’s perceptions of different destinations, their awareness of alternative options and their perception of the extent to which these destination’s services could fulfil their expectations are crucial to tourist flows. A destination’s services should adapt and change in a way that suits the evolving consumer’s preferences in order for these destinations to maintain and/or enhance their competitiveness. Knowledge of tourist’s expectations, motivations, attitudes and differences among different cultural groups can create an environment within which by performing in an adaptive way, destinations will enhance their competitiveness. Therefore this research aims to offer the following contribution: ● Thorough literature review on the global tourism picture & the role of experience ● A novel approach by introducing a tourist’s enhanced role in defining the concept of experience ● Provide industry managers a generalized information on cross cultural differences Intend do so by trying to Evaluate the motivating experience factors that lead travellers from different cultural origins to different preferences when selecting their travel destination. Examine traveller’s anticipations, motivations and attitudes while reinterpreting experiences in a cross cultural setting. Assess the respective relevance and importance of the identified factors in the destination’s competitiveness as well as cross cultural influences and differences that lead to choosing differently while deciding to visit or revisit a destination. This research will also try to address practical and theoretical implications as well as suggestions for future research. / Ο τουρισμός αποτελούσε παραδοσιακά δεύτερη προτεραιότητα στην ατζέντα επενδυτών, υπεύθυνων χάραξης πολιτικής και ακαδημαϊκών. Σήμερα, πραγματοποιείται μια ουσιαστική επανεκτίμηση του ρόλου του στην κοινωνικοοικονομική ανάπτυξη, θεωρώντας ότι συνιστά πηγή εσόδων, ότι δημιουργεί μεγάλο αριθμό θέσεων εργασίας και ότι προωθεί την οικονομική ανάπτυξη και μια οικονομία περισσότερο προσανατολισμένη στις υπηρεσίες, τόσο στις αναπτυσσόμενες όσο και στις ανεπτυγμένες χώρες (UNCTAD, 2007). Σύμφωνα με τον Παγκόσμιο Οργανισμό Τουρισμού (ΠΟΤ), έξι κράτη μέλη της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης (ΕΕ) συγκαταλέγονται μεταξύ των δέκα κορυφαίων παγκοσμίως χωρών με τον μεγαλύτερο αριθμό αφίξεων διεθνών τουριστών. Στην ΕΕ, τα έσοδα από τον διεθνή τουρισμό το 2008 ήταν υψηλότερα στην Ισπανία, τη Γαλλία και την Ιταλία, και ακολούθησε η Ελλάδα και η Πορτογαλία. Προηγούμενες μελέτες επιχείρησαν να εξηγήσουν στρατηγικές θέσεις προορισμών και/επιχειρήσεων, εστιάζοντας (κυρίως παράγοντες προσφοράς και ζήτησης) σε τιμές, συναλλαγματικές ισοτιμίες, ποιοτικούς και λοιπούς θεσμικούς παράγοντες. Οι μοναδικές, αξέχαστες εμπειρίες που προσφέρονται απευθείας στους πελάτες καθορίζουν την ανταγωνιστικότητα μιας επιχείρησης και, τελικά, ενός προορισμού. Ωστόσο, η υπάρχουσα βιβλιογραφία για τον τουρισμό δεν έχει εκτενώς επεξηγήσει τους παράγοντες που χαρακτηρίζουν και καθορίζουν αυτές τις αξέχαστες τουριστικές εμπειρίες. Γιατί γίνεται λόγος για εμπειρία ● Γιατί ένα ταξίδι έχει πολλά χαρακτηριστικά εμπειρίας και ηδονής ● Οι Pine & Gilmore (1999) μίλησαν για την εμφάνιση μιας «οικονομίας εμπειρίας»στην οποία οι εταιρείες προσελκύουν προσωπικά τους καταναλωτές μέσω σκηνοθετημένων εκδηλώσεων, όπου οι εμπειρίες γίνονται προσφορές στην αγορά και οι καρδιές των καταναλωτών σαγηνεύονται από την αξέχαστη εμπειρία. Θέμα της Έρευνας ● Διαφορές στην Ανταγωνιστικότητα των Περιφερειακών Προορισμών ● Η ανταγωνιστικότητα μιας επιχείρησης καθορίζεται άμεσα από τις μοναδικές, αξέχαστες εμπειρίες που προσφέρονται στους πελάτες. ● Επομένως, είναι σημαντικό να ερευνηθεί ο αντίκτυπος που μπορεί να έχει η αντίληψη της εμπειρίας και οι προσδοκίες στη διαφοροποίηση του προϊόντος τουρισμού και στην ανταγωνιστικότητα των διεθνών περιφερειακών προορισμών. Είναι ευρέως γνωστό ότι οι αντιλήψεις του ταξιδιώτη για τους διάφορους προορισμούς, η επίγνωση των εναλλακτικών επιλογών που έχει και η αντίληψη του βαθμού στον οποίο οι υπηρεσίες προορισμού θα μπορούσαν να ανταποκριθούν στις προσδοκίες του, έχουν αποφασιστική σημασία για τις τουριστικές ροές. Οι υπηρεσίες ενός προορισμού θα πρέπει να προσαρμόζονται και να αλλάζουν σύμφωνα με τις εξελισσόμενες προτιμήσεις του καταναλωτή προκειμένου οι προορισμοί αυτοί να διατηρούν και/ή να ενισχύουν την ανταγωνιστικότητά τους. Η γνώση των προσδοκιών, των κινήτρων, της νοοτροπίας του τουρίστα και των διαφορών μεταξύ διαφορετικών πολιτισμικών ομάδων μπορεί να δημιουργήσει ένα περιβάλλον μέσα στο οποίο οι προορισμοί, αντιδρώντας κατά τρόπο προσαρμοστικό, θα ενισχύσουν την ανταγωνιστικότητά τους. Επομένως, σκοπός της παρούσας έρευνας είναι να παράσχει τα εξής ● εις βάθος εξέταση της βιβλιογραφίας σχετικά με την εικόνα του παγκόσμιου τουρισμού και τον ρόλο της εμπειρίας ● μια καινοτόμα προσέγγιση με την εισαγωγή του ενισχυμένου ρόλου του τουρίστα στον ορισμό της έννοιας της εμπειρίας ● παροχή στους επικεφαλής του κλάδου γενικευμένων πληροφοριών σχετικά με τις διαπολιτισμικές διαφορές Κάτι τέτοιο επιδιώκεται μέσα από τα εξής ● Αξιολόγηση των παραγόντων δημιουργίας κινήτρων για την εμπειρία που οδηγούν τους ταξιδιώτες διαφορετικής πολιτισμικής προέλευσης σε διαφορετικές προτιμήσεις κατά την επιλογή του προορισμού ταξιδιού τους. ● Εξέταση των προσδοκιών, κινήτρων και της νοοτροπίας του ταξιδιώτη, δίνοντας ταυτόχρονα νέα ερμηνεία στις εμπειρίες μέσα από την διαπολιτισμική προοπτική ● Αξιολόγηση της σχετικής συνάφειας και σημασίας των προσδιορισμένων παραγόντων για την ανταγωνιστικότητα του προορισμού ● Αξιολόγηση των διαπολιτισμικών επιδράσεων και των διαφορών που οδηγούν σε διαφορετική επιλογή κατά τη λήψη απόφασης για την επίσκεψη ή την εκ νέου επίσκεψη ενός προορισμού. Η παρούσα έρευνα προσπαθεί επίσης να εξετάσει τις πρακτικές και θεωρητικές επιπτώσεις, καθώς και προτάσεις για μελλοντική έρευνα.

Baigiamajame magistro darbe analizuojama statybos įmonių darbuotojų motyvavimo problema. Darbo tikslas yra sudaryti ir pagrįsti statybos įmonės darbuotojų motyvavimo sistemą, pateikiant ją kaip universalų modelį. Darbe nagrinėjami darbuotojų motyvaciją lemiantys veiksniai; atsižvelgus į statybos įmonių ypatumus, analizuojami motyvavimo būdai. Atliktus anketinį tyrimą, nustatyti poreikiai, motyvavimo veiksniai ir metodai, kurie sukelia statybos darbuotojų pasitenkinimą arba nepasitenkinimą darbu. Darbe yra įvadas, trys skyriai, išvados ir pasiūlymai. Pirmajame skyriuje atlikta užsienio ir Lietuvos autorių darbų darbuotojų motyvavimo klausimais apžvalga. Apžvelgiami egzistuojantys požiūriai į motyvaciją, darbuotojų motyvacijos svarba, motyvacijos teorijos, žmogaus poreikių prioritetai. Išnagrinėti statybos įmonių ypatumai. Antrajame skyriuje formuojama darbuotojų motyvavimo sistema statyboje. Daug dėmesio skiriama veiksniams, kurie daro įtaką statybos darbuotojų motyvacijai: individualūs žmonių skirtumai, darbo charakteristikos, organizacijos makroaplinka, organizacijos mikroaplinka, ekonominiai, psichologiniai, filosofiniai bei teisiniai motyvavimo metodai. Trečiajame skyriuje atliktas statybos darbuotojų motyvavimo tyrimas. Sudarant anketą atsižvelgta į teorinėje dalyje atskleistas problemas ir sudarytą statybos įmonių darbuotojų motyvavimo sistemą. Pagrindinis dėmesys skiriamas asmeninėms žmonių vertybėms, darbuotojų nuomonei apie jų darbą bei motyvaciją. Siekiama... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The final master thesis analyses the problem of motivation of employees of construction companies. The aim of the thesis is to establish and justify the motivation system of employees of construction companies, and present it as a universal model. The thesis analyses the factors, influencing the motivation of employees; with regard to peculiarities of construction companies the motivation techniques are analysed. After a survey research, the needs, motivation factors and methods were determined, which influence the satisfaction or dissatisfaction of construction employees with their work. The thesis consists of an introduction, three chapters, conclusions and proposals. The first chapter includes the performed survey of literature on the motivation of employees by foreign and Lithuanian authors. The existing approaches to motivation, the importance of employees‘motivation, motivation theories, and priorities of human needs are discussed. The second chapter includes the establishment of employees‘motivation system in construction companies. A lot of attention is paid to the factors, which influence the motivation of employees in construction companies; individual human differences, work characteristics, macro-environment of an organisation, micro-environment of an organisation, economic, psychological, philosophic and legal motivation methods. The third chapter includes the performed analysis of the motivation of employees of construction companies. During the preparation of... [to full text]

Darbo objektas – Kauno miesto viešbučių administratorių motyvavimas ir motyvacija. Tyrimo problema – nuo kokybiško viešbučių administratorių darbo ženkliai priklauso viešbučių paslaugų kokybė, atitinkamai, ir klientų pasitenkinimas. Todėl viešbučiai turi motyvuoti administratorius net ir ekonominės krizės laikotarpiu. Tyrimo tikslas – atskleisti Kauno miesto viešbučių administratorių motyvavimo ypatumus ir motyvaciją ekonominės krizės metu. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1. Išanalizuoti viešbučių administratorių motyvavimo ir motyvacijos teorines prielaidas. 2. Ištirti Kauno miesto viešbučių administratorių motyvaciją skatinančius veiksnius ekonominės krizės metu. 3. Ištirti Kauno miesto viešbučių administratorių motyvavimo veiksnius ekonominės krizės metu. Tyrimo hipotezė: ,,Ketinimas nekeisti darbo susijęs su pasitenkinimu užimamomis pareigomis, motyvavimo sistemomis, darbo vieta ir pasitenkinimu darbo užmokesčiu“. Svarbiausios išvados: Kauno mieste viešbučių, motelių, svečių namų administratoriai gana patenkinti darbu. Išeiti iš dabartinio darbo galvoja penktadalis respondentų. Nepasitenkinimas darbo užmokesčiu ir karjeros galimybėmis yra svarbus veiksnys, skatinantis išeiti iš darbo. Dauguma respondentų negauna premijų, menkai patenkinti materialiniu motyvavimu ir patenkinti moraliniu motyvavimu. Yra ryšys tarp pasitenkinimo užimtomis pareigomis, ketinimo nekeisti darbo, pasitenkinimo motyvavimo sistemomis ir darbo užmokesčiu bei pasitenkinimo darbu. Yra ryšys tarp pasitenkinimo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Object of work- motivating factors and motivation of Kaunas city hotels’ administrators. Problem of research – the quality of hotel activity and customer satisfaction highly depends upon the quality of work of hotel administrators. That is why hotels must motivate hotel administrators even during the economic crisis. Goal of research – to reveal peculiarities of Kaunas city hotels’ administrators motivating factors and motivation during the economic crisis. Tasks of research: 1. To analyse theoretical basis of hotel administrators motivating factors and motivation. 2. To research motivation factors of Kaunas city hotels’ administrators during the economic crisis. 3. To research motivating factors of Kaunas city hotels’ administrators during the economic crisis. Hypothesis of research:,,The intent not to quit work is related to the satisfaction with working position, motivating systems, work place, and work payment”. Main conclusions: Kaunas city hotels’ administrators are rather satisfied with their job. One fifth of respondents are thinking about quitting the work. Low level of satisfaction with work payment and career are important factors motivating to quit work. Most respondents get no premiums, are not satisfied with material motivating factors, bus they are satisfied with psychological motivating factors. There is a relation between satisfaction with working position, motivating systems, an intent not to quit work and the work satisfaction. There is a relation... [to full text]

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:30:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5408.pdf: 1181775 bytes, checksum: 5f7558320a6c72689a7a2d18a904a1a5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-19 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / Children with atypical development and with verbal behavior deficits, specifically children with autism, can benefit from a systematic teaching of verbal operants and programs that promote its generalization. Verbal behavior is an operant behavior maintained by consequences mediated by a listener that was previously trained by the verbal community to respond to such verbal stimuli. Among the verbal operants, three were of particular interest to this research: echoic, tact and mand. The aim of this research was to examine the effects of tact training for high and low preferred leisure items in the emergence of mand for these same items. Five students with autism (aged from 5 to 14 years old) attending a special education school participated in this research. Participants were exposed one at a time to the experimental conditions and the behavior was observed in the test condition of mand, teaching tact and, then, the effects of the tact teaching was observed in the emergence of mand. The experimental stimuli (leisure items and edibles) were selected from the indication of the parents and teacher, followed by a Forced Choice preference assessment. At the end of the teaching procedure, participants presented tact for high (AP) and low preferred (BP) items. In the mand post-test, participants demonstrated the emergence of this operant with a higher frequency of responses for AP items. The results suggest that the emergence of mands with a higher frequency of responses for AP items may be related to the motivating operation, since the AP items could exert a more reinforcing function than the BP items, which has practical implications for the teaching of verbal behavior. / Crianças com desenvolvimento atípico e que apresentam déficits no comportamento verbal, mais especificamente crianças com autismo, podem se beneficiar de um ensino sistematizado dos operantes verbais e de programas que promovam sua generalização. O comportamento verbal é um comportamento operante mantido por consequências mediadas por um ouvinte que foi previamente treinado pela comunidade verbal a responder a tais estímulos verbais. Dentre os operantes verbais, três foram de particular interesse para esta pesquisa: ecoico, tato e mando. O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi examinar os efeitos do treino de tato para itens de lazer de alta e de baixa preferência na emergência do mando para esses mesmos itens. Participaram desta pesquisa cinco alunos com autismo (P1com 14 anos, P2 com 12 anos, P3 com 10 anos, P4 com 6 anos e P5 com 5 anos) que frequentam uma escola de educação especial. Os participantes foram expostos um de cada vez às condições experimentais e o comportamento foi observado na condição de teste de mando, ensino de tato e na sequência observado os efeitos deste ensino na emergência de mando. Os estímulos experimentais (itens de lazer e comestíveis) foram selecionados a partir de indicação dos pais e professor, seguido da avaliação de preferência por Escolha Forçada. Ao final do procedimento de ensino, os participantes adquiriram tato para itens de alta (AP) e de baixa preferência (BP). No pós-teste de mando os participantes demonstraram emergência deste operante com uma frequência maior de respostas para itens de AP. Os resultados sugerem que a emergência de mando com uma frequência maior de respostas para itens de AP possa estar relacionada às operações motivacionais, uma vez que os itens de AP poderiam exercer função mais reforçadora do que os itens de BP, o que traz implicações práticas para o ensino do comportamento verbal.

En facilitant la pratique des activités physiques (AP) dès le plus jeune âge, l'éducation physique et sportive (EPS) joue un rôle central dans la promotion de la santé. Pourtant des études montrent qu'une minorité de professeurs des écoles respecte le temps d'enseignement de cette matière prescrit par les instructions officielles. Par ailleurs, si une quantité minimale d'EPS s'avère nécessaire pour espérer recueillir les bénéfices de cette discipline, la qualité des expériences vécues par les élèves durant cet enseignement est cruciale pour leur engagement soutenu et durable dans les AP. Selon la théorie de l'autodétermination (e.g., Deci & Ryan, 2002) – cadre théorique de référence de ce travail doctoral – le style motivationnel des enseignants (soutenant vs. menaçant les besoins psychologiques fondamentaux des élèves) est le levier principal du climat psychologique de la classe et des expériences des élèves. Dans le cadre de cette réflexion sur la quantité et la qualité de l'enseignement de l'EPS à l'école primaire, ce travail doctoral a cherché à répondre à deux questions de recherche : quels sont les facteurs prédisant le temps d'enseignement et le style motivationnel des professeurs des écoles en EPS ? Comment les aider à enseigner plus et mieux l'EPS dans une perspective de promotion de l'AP ? Pour répondre à ces questions une première étude corrélationnelle avait pour objectif d'identifier les antécédents et les médiateurs du temps et du style d'enseignement de l'EPS à l'école primaire. Les résultats ont mis en lumière le rôle prédicteur de la motivation autonome, du sentiment d'auto-efficacité ainsi que des pressions ressenties par les professeurs des écoles sur ces deux variables. Dans une seconde étude adoptant un devis randomisé contrôlé, l'ambition était de tester l'efficacité d'une formation des enseignants au soutien des besoins psychologiques des élèves en EPS, sur le style motivationnel adopté par les enseignants et l'AP des élèves durant les cours d'EPS. Les résultats montrent que comparativement aux enseignants du groupe contrôle, ceux du groupe expérimental ont modifié leur style motivationnel dans le sens d'un soutien plus important des besoins des élèves. Si l'AP des élèves des deux groupes a été peu impactée par la formation, une différence significative est néanmoins ressortie pour le cycle d'enseignement durant lequel les différences au niveau du soutien des besoins étaient les plus importantes entre les deux conditions. Ce travail doctoral met en lumière l'intérêt de prendre en considération les pressions ressenties et les variables motivationnelles pour comprendre les choix des PE concernant la quantité et la qualité de l'enseignement de l'EPS. Il suggère également des pistes d'interventions pour promouvoir une EPS de qualité par l'intermédiaire d'une formation des enseignants focalisée sur les composants d'un style motivationnel adaptatif. / Physical education (PE) plays a central role to promote students' health through physical activity (PA). However, many primary school teachers avoid teaching PE. While an important amount of PE is required to reach benefits from this compulsory subject, the quality of students' experiences during PE is essential to favor students' sustainable commitment to PA. According to self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 2002), theoretical setting used in this doctoral work, by supporting and/or by undermining students' psychological needs through his/her motivating style, teacher may influence these experiences. This doctoral work investigated this line of research about quantity and quality of PE in primary school. Our ambition was to answer two questions : What are the factors predicting PE duration and primary school teachers' motivational style ? And, how to help them to teach PE more and better in order to promote PA ? To answer these questions our first study (cross-sectional) aimed to identify determinants and mediators of PE duration and of the quality of teaching in PE in primary school. Results highlighted the predictive role of autonomous motivation, self-efficacy, and pressures on quantity and quality of PE. The purpose of our second study (randomized controlled) was to test the effectiveness of a PE training to help primary school teachers to better support their students' psychological needs on teachers' motivating style and students' PA during PE. Results revealed a positive effect of the training on the teachers in the experimental group. The latter, compared to control group, better supported their students' psychological needs. Finally, the results showed that PE training had a little impact on students' PA. Nevertheless PA in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group when the differences between both conditions, on the dimensions of need support were the most important. This doctoral work highlights the interest to take into account pressures and motivational variables to understand teachers' choices about PE duration and motivating style in PE. It also suggests the importance of PE training to modify primary school teacher motivating style toward need support and to promote the quality of PE.