Magistro darbe analizuojamas specialistų, dirbančių su neįgaliaisiais profesinės reabilitacijos procese, darbdavių ir neįgaliųjų požiūris į profesinės reabilitacijos specialisto veiklos kryptingumą bei reikalingumą. Suformuluota hipotezė, kurią sudaro dvi dalys: Tikėtina, kad specialistų, dirbančių su neįgaliaisiais profesinės reabilitacijos procese, darbdavių ir neįgaliųjų nuomonės leidžia įvertinti profesinės reabilitacijos specialisto veiklos kryptingumo prioritetus neįgaliųjų profesinės reabilitacijos procese. Tikėtina, kad specialistai, dirbantys su neįgaliaisiais profesinės reabilitacijos procese, darbdaviai ir patys neįgalieji yra linkę pripažinti profesinės reabilitacijos specialisto reikalingumą neįgaliųjų profesinės reabilitacijos procese. Anketinės apklausos metodu tirta, kaip specialistai ir kaip darbdaviai vertina profesinės reabilitacijos specialisto veiklos kryptingumą ir reikalingumą. Duomenų analizei taikyta statistinė (aprašomoji dažnių, vidurkių, procentų) duomenų analizė. Individualaus pokalbio (asmeninio interviu) metodu tirta, kaip neįgalieji linkę vertinti profesinės reabilitacijos specialisto veiklos kryptingumą ir reikalingumą darbo vietoje. Duomenų analizei taikyta pamatinė, dar kitaip vadinama lauko teorija (grounded theory). Tyrime dalyvavo 100 specialistų iš Šiaulių bei Kauno apskričių, dirbančių su neįgaliais asmenimis profesinės reabilitacijos procese, 100 darbdavių iš Šiaulių, Kauno bei Alytaus apskričių, dirbančių įvairiose profesinės veiklos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / In this paper analyzed specialists who work with the disabled in the process of vocational rehabilitation, employers and disabled people attitude towards vocational rehabilitation specialist directiveness of activity and necessity. Stated hypothesis from two sections: It is presupposed, that minds of specialists who work with the disabled in the process of vocational rehabilitation, employers and disabled people let assess priorities of vocational rehabilitation specialist directiveness of activity in process of vocational rehabilitation of the disabled. It is presupposed, that specialists who work with the disabled in the process of vocational rehabilitation, employers and disabled people are inclined to agree with necessity of vocational rehabilitation specialist in process of vocational rehabilitation of the disabled. It is important to note that the interrogatory by filling in the form is also under the consideration how specialists who work with the disabled in the process of vocational rehabilitation and employers assess vocational rehabilitation specialist directiveness of activity and necessity. The fact-finding is also made and shown in statistics (descriptive frequency, the average, the percentage). The interrogatory by individual interview is also under the consideration how disabled people are inclined to assess vocational rehabilitation specialist directiveness of activity and necessity in workplace. The fact-finding is also made and shown in grounded theory... [to full text]

La présente thèse analyse et contraste les positions de G.W.F. Hegel et de T. W. Adorno sur la nature de la pensée rationnelle et le sens de la pratique philosophique. Notre démarche consiste en une interprétation critique d’une idée que partagent Hegel et Adorno mais qu’ils développent différemment, selon laquelle la pensée rationnelle obéit à un certain besoin (Bedürfnis) qui lui est à la fois spécifique et universel. Hegel a parlé d’un « besoin de la philosophie ». L’expression est ambiguë : elle vise à décrire la nature générale de la pensée rationnelle mais aussi à exprimer la pertinence historique de la raison, c’est-à-dire sa capacité à assouvir des besoins concrets. Je démontre dans les cinq premiers chapitres que Hegel tente de réconcilier ces deux besoins en soutenant que l’identification par le concept est précisément ce qui permet d’appaiser la souffrance concrète que génère la division de l’histoire avec elle-même. La solution est en effet trouvée dans l’idée du savoir absolu, une posture de la pensée rationnelle tout aussi fondée dans la nature de la pensée elle-même que dans les aspirations de son autre, c’est-à-dire de l’histoire. Le savoir absolu est le point où chez Hegel coïncident la nature de la raison en général et la nécessité d’exprimer les besoins universels de l’histoire. Les chapitres six à neuf situent ensuite le déplacement épistémologique que propose la dialectique négative d’Adorno par rapport à cette conclusion de Hegel. Nous prenons soin de montrer qu’Adorno ne la juge pas fausse mais unilatérale. Il conçoit qu’exprimer et assouvir les souffrances historiques revient au concept mais il soutient en même temps que celui-ci échoue à cette tâche tant qu’on ne nuance pas la portée et la signification de sa « compulsion à identifier ». Nous démontrons que si cette dernière est d’après Adorno à la fois inévitable et fautive, c’est parce que le besoin qui motive la pensée rationnelle n’est pas d’abord la nécessité de concevoir l’unité dans la division mais celui de réaliser les conditions de la survie et du bonheur de l’organisme vivant qui soutient la pensée. Or pour Adorno, la société capitaliste bloque les pratiques émancipatrices qui s’attachent à combler ce besoin matériel parce qu’elle absolutise le principe d’identité. Nous soutenons que, dans ce contexte, l’approche adornienne de la philosophie comme relevant de l’essai (Essay) et développant des concepts discontinus orientés vers le non-identique n’est pas moins, mais plus rationnelle que la posture hégélienne qui considère la philosophie comme une science absolue. / This thesis analyzes and contrasts G. W. F. Hegel’s and T. W. Adorno’s positions on the nature of rationality and the task of philosophy. Its central aim is to offer a critical interpretation of a thought shared but interpreted differently by both thinkers, namely, that philosophy proceeds from a certain need (Bedürfnis) that is both specific and universal. Hegel spoke of a « need of philosophy ». The expression is ambiguous: it is meant to describe the general nature of rational thinking, but also to express how reason or philosophy can justify their historical relevance and satisfy concrete needs. I argue in chapters one to five that Hegel tries to reconcile these two needs, in order to show why identifying with concepts is the key to appeasing the concrete suffering caused by history’s own division within itself. The answer is given in absolute knowledge, grounded and justified in respect of thought itself as well as thought’s other, i.e., history. Absolute knowledge is point of equilibrium between reason in general and reason as the adequate expression of history’s universal needs. Chapters six to nine then interpret Adorno’s negative dialectics as a critical reworking of this dialectical problem of framing normativity in historical terms. Adorno agrees with Hegel that the most relevant and satisfying expression of historical suffering is conceptual, yet he also contends that the « compulsion to identity » as such fails to satisfy the need that motivates philosophical thinking. I argue that this is because striving for survival and happiness is not reducible to thought’s obsession with identity. For Adorno, happiness and “right life” are blocked in contemporary society because capitalism hypostasizes the identity principle inherent in conceptual thinking. In this context, I argue that Adorno’s view of philosophy as essay (Essay) is more, not less, rational than Hegel’s understanding of philosophy as an absolute science. / Une traduction française des "Thèses sur le besoin" de Theodor W. Adorno accompagne la thèse (annexe).

Magistro baigiamajame darbe išanalizuotas ir įvertintas trijų pažeidžiamiausių socialinės rizikos asmenų grupių, kurios kelia didelę grėsmę visuomenei, teisinės informacijos poreikis. Tai yra asmenys grįžę iš įkalinimo įstaigų ir asmenys priklausomi nuo alkoholio ar narkotikų. Šioms socialinės rizikos grupėms teisinės informacijos poreikių ugdymas ypatingas tuo, kad be teisės žinių jie nesugeba sąmoningai elgtis, suprasti keliamus reikalavimus, pasižymi didesne tikimybe patekti į socialinę atskirtį ir linkę nusikalsti. Remiantis atliktų tyrimų rezultatais daroma išvada, kad analizuojamų socialinės rizikos asmenų teisinės informacijos poreikis yra per mažas, jie nelinkę ieškoti teisinių žinių, nes mano, jog tai jiems yra nebūtina. Dauguma jų yra pasyvūs, jie patys nesuinteresuoti nieko daryti. Šios rizikos grupės išreikšta tendencija kaltinti aplink esančius kitus žmones, ignoravimas teisinės pagalbos yra pagrindinės priežastys dėl kurių jie ja nesidomi. Socialiniai rizikai priklausantys asmenys aktyviai vengia sužinoti bei susitikti su teikiančiais teisinę informaciją asmenimis, kas ir lemia jų teisinių žinių vakuumą. Jie nenoriai dalyvauja siūlomose priemonėse ir programose, jie priešinasi įsisavinant teisinius klausimus ir teisinėmis žiniomis paisyti teisės normas. Atlikto tyrimo duomenys parodė, kad teisinės informacijos poreikis turi būti ugdomas. Tai yra kompleksinis procesas, formuojamas valstybės ir visuomeninių ugdymo institucijų pajėgomis, jis turi būti skatinamas... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Need for legal information of three most vulnerable groups of people at social risk that endanger the society, was analyzed and evaluated in the Final work of Master. They are the people, those returned from the places of confinement and drug and alcohol addicts. The cultivation of the need for legal information for these groups of the people at social risk is special because without legal knowledge they are not able to act deliberately, understand upraised requirements and have a bigger possibility to get in social disjuncture and make a crime. Pursuant to the results of performed analysis, we can conclude that the need for legal information of the analyzed people at social risk is too low; they do not search for legal knowledge, because they think that it is not important. Most of them are passive; they are not interested in doing anything by themselves. There is expressed tendency of this group at risk to the people around, disregard of legal help and it is the main reasons why they are not interested in it. The people at social risk actively avoid learning and meeting people that providing legal information, which determined vacuum in their legal knowledge. They unwillingly participate in offered measures and programs; they resist assimilation of legal questions and observance of legal norms with help of legal knowledge. The data of performed test showed that the need for legal information should be cultivated. It is a complex process, formed by the attempts of state and... [to full text]

Families which tend to face various problems are commonly called the families at risk. This term is widely used both in official acts of law, both by public institutions ensuring the protection of rights of children and giving social support for families. Social Services act of 2006 provides the definition of family at risk which we are using in this Work. We could exclude such risks: addiction, lack of responsibility or social skills as well as psychological, physical and sexual abuse against children. The analysis of the needs of families at risk is extremely relevant nowadays, when support of families at risk ensuring rights of children they are growing is priority field of the Country. It was expected that qualitative research of the needs of families at risk would induce the deeper recognition of families at social exclusion because we would try to look to various expressions from their point of view. Deeper perception of the needs of families at risk would help social workers in preventive and interventional work with these families. The aim of this Work is on the ground of qualitative research to disclose the needs of families at risk, the causes of dismissal of those needs and the support provided for families at social exclusion. During the analysis we use the ethnographic qualitative research method. For the collection of documents two methods – interview (group and individual) and observation – were used. Eight families participated in the analysis and twelve... [to full text]

Darbo aktualumas. Šiandien sveikatos mokymas tampa viena iš prioritetinių veiklos sričių slaugoje. Slaugytojas privalo suteikti pakankamai žinių ir informacijos, kad žmogus išmoktų tinkamai rūpintis savo sveikata bei išsiugdytų gebėjimus ją saugoti. Siekiant teigiamo sveikatos mokymo rezultato būtina analizuoti pacientų poreikius ir motyvus sveikatos mokymuisi. Darbo tikslas: nustatyti pacientų sveikatos mokymosi poreikį ir motyvus Kaišiadorių ligoninės Vidaus ligų ir Slaugos ir palaikomojo gydymo skyriuose. Realizuojant tyrimą buvo atlikta teorinė mokslinės literatūros analizė ir įvykdytas momentinis tyrimas, apklausiant raštu 301 pacientą iš Kaišiadorių ligoninės. Tyrimo rezultatams pateikti naudojami metodai: kiekybinė aprašomoji statistikos analizė. Tyrimo rezultatai: vertinant sveikatos mokymo ypatumus Kaišiadorių ligoninės Vidaus ligų ir Slaugos ir palaikomojo gydymo skyriuose galima teigti, kad pacientų mokymu, individualių užsiėmimų metu daugiausia užsiima slaugytojos. Slaugytojų mokymas, pacientų nuomone, įvertintas kaip geras. Analizuojant pacientų mokymo poreikį paaiškėjo, kad pacientai daugiausia žino apie galimas ligos komplikacijas ir reikalingas slaugos priemones. Statistiškai reikšmingai (p < 0,05) daugiau apie galimas ligos komplikacijas ir reikalingas slaugos priemones žino Slaugos ir palaikomojo gydymo skyriaus pacientai negu Vidaus ligų skyriaus pacientai. Analizuojant pacientų mokymosi poreikį išryškėjo, kad statistiškai reikšmingai (p < 0,05) vidaus... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The work topicality. Today, health education is one of the first-priority areas of nursing. Nurse must provide the necessary knowledge and information that a person learn to properly take care of his health, and develop the capacity of its saving. It is necessary to analyze the needs of patients and reasons for learning for a positive outcome of health education. The aim of this work. Identify health training needs and reasons from the point of view of patiens in the department of Internal Medicine, and Nursing and supportive care at Kaišiadoriai Hospital. Unlocking the study was carried out theoretical analysis of scientific literature and carried out a snapshot survey by interviewing 301 patients in writing of Kaišiadoriai hospital. Quantitative Descriptive Analysis method was used to present the study results. The survey results. Then the health education features in the department of Internal Medicine, and nursing and supportive care at Kaišiadoriai hospital were estimated, we can affirm that nurses are teaching patients more then anybody else. From the point of view of patients the nurses‘ teaching is high. The analysis of patients' training needs shows that the most patients are aware of the possible complications of the disease and preservative care. Statistically significant (p <0.05) patients in the department of nursing and supportive care know more about the possible complications of the disease and the preservatives... [to full text]

In this thesis, COTS-software requirements elicitation, which is an input for RFP in software intensive automation system&rsquo / s acquisition, is examined. Business Process Models are used for COTS-software requirements elicitation. A new method, namely CREB, is developed to meet the requirements of COTS-software. A software intensive system acquisition of a military organization is used to validate the method.

This thesis by publication contributes to our knowledge of psychological factors underlying a modern day phenomenon, young people’s mobile phone behaviour. Specifically, the thesis reports a PhD program of research which adopted a social psychological approach to explore mobile phone behaviour among young Australians aged between 15 and 24 years. A particular focus of the research program was to explore both the cognitive and behavioural aspects of young people’s mobile phone behaviour which for the purposes of this thesis is defined as mobile phone involvement. The research program comprised three separate stages which were developmental in nature, in that, the findings of each stage of the research program informed the next. The overarching goal of the program of research was to improve our understanding of the psychosocial factors influencing young people’s mobile phone behaviour. To achieve this overall goal, there were a number of aims to the research program which reflect the developmental nature of this thesis. Given the limited research into the mobile phone behaviour in Australia, the first two aims of the research program were to explore patterns of mobile phone behaviour among Australian youth and explore the social psychological factors relating to their mobile phone behaviour. Following this exploration, the research program sought to develop a measure which captures the cognitive and behavioural aspects of mobile phone behaviour. Finally, the research program aimed to examine and differentiate the psychosocial predictors of young people’s frequency of mobile phone use and their level of involvement with their mobile phone. Both qualitative and quantitative methodologies were used throughout the program of research. Five papers prepared during the three stages of the research program form the bulk of this thesis. The first stage of the research program was a qualitative investigation of young people’s mobile phone behaviour. Thirty-two young Australians participated in a series of focus groups in which they discussed their mobile phone behaviour. Thematic data analysis explored patterns of mobile phone behaviour among young people, developed an understanding of psychological factors influencing their use of mobile phones, and identified that symptoms of addiction were emerging in young people’s mobile phone behaviour. Two papers (Papers 1 and 2) emanated from this first stage of the research program. Paper 1 explored patterns of mobile phone behaviour and revealed that mobile phones were perceived as being highly beneficial to young people’s lives, with the ability to remain in constant contact with others being particularly valued. The paper also identified that symptoms of behavioural addiction including withdrawal, cognitive and behavioural salience, and loss of control, emerged in participants’ descriptions of their mobile phone behaviour. Paper 2 explored how young people’s need to belong and their social identity (two constructs previously unexplored in the context of mobile phone behaviour) related to their mobile phone behaviour. It was revealed that young people use their mobile phones to facilitate social attachments. Additionally, friends and peers influenced young people’s mobile phone behaviour; for example, their choice of mobile phone carrier and their most frequent type of mobile phone use. These papers laid the foundation for the further investigation of addictive patterns of behaviour and the role of social psychological factors on young people’s mobile behaviour throughout the research program. Stage 2 of the research program focussed on developing a new parsimonious measure of mobile phone behaviour, the Mobile Phone Involvement Questionnaire (MPIQ), which captured the cognitive and behavioural aspects of mobile phone use. Additionally, the stage included a preliminary exploration of factors influencing young people’s mobile phone behaviour. Participants (N = 946) completed a questionnaire which included a pool of items assessing symptoms of behavioural addiction, the uses and gratifications relating to mobile phone use, and self-identity and validation from others in the context of mobile phone behaviour. Two papers (Papers 3 & 4) emanated from the second stage of the research program. Paper 3 provided an important link between the qualitative and quantitative components of the research program. Qualitative data from Stage 1 indicated the reasons young people use their mobile phones and identified addictive characteristics present in young people’s mobile phone behaviour. Results of the quantitative study conducted in Stage 2 of the research program revealed the uses and gratifications relating to young people’s mobile phone behaviour and the effect of these gratifications on young people’s frequency of mobile phone use and three indicators of addiction, withdrawal, salience, and loss of control. Three major uses and gratifications: self (such as feeling good or as a fashion item), social (such as contacting friends), and security (such as use in an emergency) were found to underlie much of young people’s mobile phone behaviour. Self and social gratifications predicted young people’s frequency of mobile phone use and the three indicators of addiction but security gratifications did not. These results provided an important foundation for the inclusion of more specific psychosocial predictors in the later stages of the research program. Paper 4 reported the development of the mobile phone involvement questionnaire and a preliminary exploration of the effect of self-identity and validation from others on young people’s mobile phone behaviour. The MPIQ assessed a unitary construct and was a reliable measure amongst this cohort. Results found that self-identity influenced the frequency of young people’s use whereas self-identity and validation from others influenced their level of mobile phone involvement. These findings provided an important indication that, in addition to self factors, other people have a strong influence on young people’s involvement with their mobile phone and that mobile phone involvement is conceptually different to frequency of mobile phone use. Stage 3 of the research program empirically examined the psychosocial predictors of young people’s mobile behaviour and one paper, Paper 5, emanated from this stage. Young people (N = 292) from throughout Australia completed an online survey assessing the role of self-identity, ingroup norm, the need to belong, and self-esteem on their frequency of mobile phone use and their mobile phone involvement. Self-identity was the only psychosocial predictor of young people’s frequency of mobile phone use. In contrast, self-identity, ingroup norm, and need to belong all influenced young people’s level of involvement with their mobile phone. Additionally, the effect of self-esteem on young people’s mobile phone involvement was mediated by their need to belong. These results indicate that young people who perceive their mobile phone to be an integral part of their self-identity, who perceive that mobile phone is common amongst friends and peers, and who have a strong need for attachment to others, in some cases driven by a desire to enhance their self-esteem, are most likely to become highly involved with their mobile phones. Overall, this PhD program of research has provided an important contribution to our understanding of young Australians’ mobile phone behaviour. Results of the program have broadened our knowledge of factors influencing mobile phone behaviour beyond the approaches used in previous research. The use of various social psychological theories combined with a behavioural addiction framework provided a novel examination of young people’s mobile behaviour. In particular, the development of a new measure of mobile phone behaviour in the research program facilitated the differentiation of the psychosocial factors influencing frequency of young people’s mobile phone behaviour and their level of involvement with their mobile phone. Results of the research program indicate the important role that mobile phone behaviour plays in young people’s social development and also signals the characteristics of those people who may become highly involved with their mobile phone. Future research could build on this thesis by exploring whether mobile phones are affecting traditional social psychological processes and whether the results in this research program are generalisable to other cohorts and other communication technologies.

The topic of this thesis was the development of the services in the selected hotel. The aim of this thesis was to analyze the market conditions, the internal environment and a proposal to improve the management and ensure the competitiveness of Residence at the Black Tower. Using a questionnaire survey among guests and employees, guided interview with a manager and through additional analyzes were prepared design solutions.

Mpumalanga Provincial Department of Human Settlements in partnership with the National Department of Human Settlements has launched a new integrated system known as the Housing Needs Register (HNR) to manage potential housing beneficiaries. This study was aimed at refining the integrated system in terms of providing guidelines and processes in the allocation of affordable houses. A total of 88 878 records captured on the HNR were profiled, and the results show that in approximately 86% of the records, family factors and better economic circumstances were given as the main motivation towards a desire to own a house in a particular area of residence. These findings emphasized the importance of understanding beneficiaries’ needs with regard to housing. Providing guidelines in the application of this knowledge in a fair and consistent manner could assist in curtailing the spread of informal selling or demolishing of state subsidized houses and other forms of corruption. / Public Health / M.A. (Public Health)

The Precision Agriculture (PA) is considered an important tool for management of modern agriculture and fertilization recommendations supported on this tecnology whose main purpose assist in decision making processes in fertilizer application. The objective of this work was to make a diagnosis of soil fertility in Eastern Region of Paraguay , according to the levels of organic matter, phosphorus, potassium and pH . As a secondary objective , we estimated the need for application of agricultural lime for the studied region. Were classified 11,130 soil samples belonging to the firm "Sustentap Agricultura de Precisão" in 5 classes of Fertility (Very Low, Low, Medium, High and Very High) adapted the regional calibration data used in "Cooperativa Colônias Unidas" (Paraguay). Samples belonging to the study , the main limitations of fertility were found to Organic Matter in the Departments of Misiones with 98.12 % and 74.27 % in Itapúa with the samples in Medium, Low and Very Low classes; Potassium in the Department of Misiones, with 94.85 % of the samples to Low or Very Low ; Phosphorus in the Department of Itapúa with 67.02 % of the samples in Low or Very Low and Alto Paraná with 79.46 % levels focusing on levels Very Low, Low and Medium; pH presented at the Department of Misiones 98.63 % of the samples with levels Low or Very Low and the Department of Alto Parana with a total of 83.71 % of the samples below Medium level . Concerning the application of agricultural lime to increase the pH to optimum levels the need was 1.68, 1.71 and 1.56 Mg ha-1 for the Departments of Misiones, Alto Paraná and Itapúa respectively. It is verified so that the cost of fertilization application to the variable rate is lower than the cost of applying the fertilizer with fixed average rate. / A Agricultura de Precisão (AP) é considerada ferramenta importante para manejo da agricultura moderna e as recomendações de fertilização apoiadas na tecnologia têm como principal finalidade facilitar e auxiliar na tomada de decisão nos processos de aplicação de fertilizantes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi fazer um diagnóstico da fertilidade dos solos de uma parte da Região Oriental do Paraguai, segundo os níveis de matéria orgânica, fósforo, potássio e pH, mostrando a sua variabilidade, o que demonstra a viabilidade do uso da ferramenta AP nas áreas estudadas. Como objetivo secundário, estimou-se a necessidade de aplicação de calcário agrícola para a região estudada. Classificaram-se 11.130 amostras de solo pertencentes à empresa "Sustentap Agricultura de Precisão" em 5 classes de fertilidade (muito baixo, baixo, médio, alto e muito alto) adaptados dos dados de calibrações regionais utilizados na "Cooperativa Colônias Unidas" (Paraguai). Das amostras que compõem o estudo, as principais limitações de fertilidade encontradas foram a matéria orgânica nos Departamentos de Misiones com 98,12% e Itapúa com 74,27% das amostras nas classes média, baixa e muito baixa; potássio no Departamento de Misiones, com 94,85% das amostras em nível baixo ou muito baixo; fósforo nos Departamentos de Itapúa com 67,02% das amostras em níveis baixos ou muito baixos e Alto Paraná com 79,46% se concentrando em níveis muito baixo, baixo e médio; pH apresentou no Departamento de Misiones 98,63% das amostras com níveis baixos ou muito baixos e no Departamento de Alto Paraná com um total de 83,71% das amostras abaixo do nível médio. Referente a aplicação de calcário agrícola para elevação do pH a níveis ideais a necessidade foi de 1,68, 1,71 e 1,56 Mg ha-1 para os Departamentos de Misiones, Alto Paraná e Itapúa, respectivamente. Comprova-se assim que o custo da fertilização com aplicação à taxa variável é menor que o custo de fertilização com aplicação a taxa média fixa.