Diploma thesis Batterer intervention programs as a way of increasing an effectiveness of prevention of domestic violence on women in the Czech Republic deals with the issue of domestic violence against women and its impact on the Czech state budget. On example of the impact of domestic violence on children as witnesses of this violence, I try to explain that through strengthening a prevention of domestic violence (public awareness, programs for children and therapeutic work with perpetrators) the economic impact could be reduce. The main aim of this study is to define all economic losses associated with domestic violence against women, describe how is domestic violence solved by government and whether this solution reflects the high risk of transmitting of violent patterns from parent to child. Aims of the study focuses on the economic losses associated with domestic violence against women dealing with domestic violence by the state and abroad reflection of good practice. Domestic violence is a serious social problem that we encounter in most cultures. It could happen in all socio-economic strata, regardless of age or race. According to international research (International against Women Survey, 2002 - 2003) we could conclude that 22 - 40 % of women had experienced during his life domestic. In...

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In the summer of 2019, ASAP Rocky, or Rakim Meyers as his real name is, was suspectedand later convicted of assault after a gig in Stockholm. The incident and the subsequent courtproceedings received a great deal of attention in the Swedish media.The purpose of this bachelor thesis was to examine the news coverage of the case "ASAPRocky" in the Swedish press. The research questions that were investigated were: How isASAP Rocky presented in news articles in Dagens Nyheter and Aftonbladet? What does the conformation of the role as a victim and perpetrator look like? How does the conformation change during the arrest? We conducted a qualitative content analysis using a question template based on four questions taken from media logic and framing theory. By examining the portrayal of the parties involved and roles as victims and perpetrators, we were able to distinguish that none of the roles are portrayed or lived up to the definition of the roles.One theme in the essay was that ASAP Rocky's celebrity status was in his favor. This theme is also demonstrated when ASAP is embodied in the empirical material.

In the aftermath of #MeToo, Amber Heard chose to share her experiences of sexual abuse and violence in the relationship with Johnny Depp in an article. Depp denied the allegations and claimed that the accusations were fabricated and therefore chose to sue Heard for defamation. The defamation trial between the ex-spouses began in 2022 and received much attention since it was broadcast live to the public. The lawsuit quickly went viral on social media where Depp's fans constructed and spread favorable narratives on Depp's behalf in order to restore his reputation. The purpose of the study is to examine, from a gender perspective, how fans of a public figure crisis communicated on social media during an ongoing trial following accusations of intimate partner violence. This is achieved by a qualitative content analysis where posts published by Depp's fans during the trial are analyzed based on the theories of postfeminism and Image Repair Theory. The study concluded that both Depp and Heard are portrayed based on male and female attributes to relate to the roles of victim and perpetrator more clearly. Heard is blamed and mocked, while Depp is celebrated and respected. Furthermore, there are also narratives that connect to misogynistic ideas that are hidden by, for example, discussions about equality and can be seen as a backlash against feminist successes. / I efterdyningarna av #MeToo valde Amber Heard att dela med sig av sina erfarenheter av sexuella övergrepp och våld i förhållandet med Johnny Depp i en debattartikel. Depp förnekade anklagelserna och menade att de var fabricerade och valde därför att stämma Heard för förtal. Förtalsrättegången mellan de forna makarna inleddes 2022 och fick stor uppmärksamhet eftersom den livesändes inför allmänheten. Rättegången blev snabbt viral på sociala medier där Depps fans konstruerade och spred fördelaktiga narrativ å Depps vägnar i syfte att återupprätta hans rykte. Syftet med studien är att utifrån ett genusperspektiv undersöka hur fans till en offentlig person kriskommunicerat på sociala medier under en pågående rättegång efter anklagelser om våld i nära relation. Detta genomförs med en kvalitativ innehållsanalys där inlägg publicerade av Depps fans under tiden för rättegången analyseras utifrån teorierna postfeminism och Image Repair Theory. Studiens resultat visade att både Depp och Heard porträtteras utifrån manliga och kvinnliga attribut för att tydligare anknyta till rollerna som offer och förövare. Heard blir skuldbelagd och hånad, medan Depp blir hyllad och respekterad. Vidare förekommer också narrativ som anknyter till kvinnofientliga idéer som döljs av exempelvis diskussioner om jämställdhet och kan ses som en motreaktion på feministiska framgångar.

Våld i nära relation är ett allvarligt och utbrett samhällsproblem. Bara i Sverige har fler än 300 kvinnor dött till följd av våld i nära relation de senaste 20 åren och var femte vuxen kvinna i Sverige någon gång under sitt liv blivit utsatt för psykiskt eller fysiskt våld av en partner. Hur våldsrelationer porträtteras i samtida skönlitteratur kan ha en inverkan på läsarens uppfattning av fenomenet. Syftet med denna studie är att ta reda på om teorier gällande våld i nära relation reflekteras i beskrivningarna av våld i nära relation som återfinns i skönlitterära böcker.  I denna studie analyseras tre samtida skönlitterära bästsäljare utifrån teorin om normaliseringsprocessen, som bryts ner i tre delar; normalisering, internalisering och externalisering, samt teorier kring barns inverkan på våldsutsattas beslut att lämna eller att stanna kvar i relationen. Målet med studien är att undersöka om och hur dessa teorier speglas i litteraturen. Resultatet visar att delar av samtliga teorier speglas i alla tre författares berättelser. Hur tydligt teorierna speglas skiljer sig åt mellan böckerna, men vår uppfattning är att böckerna antagligen har bidragit till mer kunskap gällande våld i nära relation för läsaren. / Intimate partner violence, IPV, is a serious and widely-spread societal issue. In Sweden alone, more than 300 women have died during the last 20 years due to IPV and one in five adult women in Sweden have experienced psychological or physical violence from their partner during their lifetime. How IPV is portrayed in contemporary fiction may affect the readers image of the issue. The aim of this study is to explore if scientific theories about IPV are reflected in the descriptions of IPV in fictional books. Three contemporary bestsellers are analysed based on the concept of the normalisation process, which is broken down into three parts; normalisation, internalisation and externalisation, as well as theories regarding the impact children can have on the victim's decision to leave the relationship. The goal is to investigate whether and how these theories are reflected in the literature. The results show that all three theories are reflected in the books. How clearly the theories are reflected differs between the books, but our opinion is that the books have probably contributed to more knowledge regarding IPV for the reader.

Sexual abuse of children occurs at a very high rate and most of the victims are young children who have never been taught about the possibility of being abused. Victims of abuse are not equipped with appropriate knowledge and vocabulary to enable them to explain properly when they experience abuse. Acquisition of a vocabulary and understanding of the concepts of sexuality would assist children in recognizing, resisting and reporting sexual abuse. The young age at which abuse occurs makes the study at primary school level important and relevant. There is little literature on how child sexual abuse can be identified, addressed and handled by schools or what unique role the school should play in the management of child sexual abuse cases. Educators are in a position to identify sexually abused children because of their close and ongoing contact with school-going children. Therefore, young children place a great deal of trust in their teachers and look to them for protection when they feel unsafe. Teachers are trained to observe changes in the appearance and progress of individual children. Therefore, they can also assist in uncovering and reacting appropriately to disclosures of abuse. The study was conducted in poor, disadvantaged, rural primary schools in a part of the North West Province. There is a limited access to social work services in rural areas and therefore, educators are considered to be appropriate people to educate children about sexual abuse issues because children spend most of their time at school. There is a relationship between educators, parents and children which creates a proper channel of communicating information about sexual abuse of children. That is, educators are in a position not only to educate but also to reinforce what children have learnt at home. Educators' role have been limited in the identification and dealing with sexual abuse cases and therefore, there is a need to empower them with appropriate knowledge and skills to enable them to handle sexual abuse cases at school level successfully. / Psychology / M. A. (Psychology)

The aim of this research is to determine what physical evidence can be found on the body of the perpetrator to link the suspect with the crime of rape. Regarding this, the researcher was trying to introduce a number of important concepts such as forensic investigation, chain of custody, evidence, information, identification, individualization, crime scene and the Locard Principle. This research will explain the meaning of forensic investigation, the objective of criminal investigation, the difference between information and evidence and individualization and identification. An important principle which all investigators and prosecutors should know is the Locard Principle. It says: "Every contact leaves a trace". The principle further explains that, whenever two objects come into contact with one another, material from the first would be transferred to the second and material from the second would be transferred to the first. Although this principle is important for investigators as well as prosecutors, most of them do not know the principle. The other important thing is the consideration of the body of the perpetrator as a crime scene to prove a crime. A crime scene is defined as an area where a criminal act has taken place. If we get evidence from the body of the perpetrator, we can then consider it as a crime scene. Lastly, regarding the legal rights to collect evidence on the body of the perpetrator, there should be specific laws in Ethiopia. However, there is no specific law. In addition to this, there is no DNA investigation in Ethiopia. Hence, this research will enhance the skills of investigators and prosecutors will benefit from what I have discovered through the research and I am very pleased to be the first Ethiopian in the introduction of the field of forensic investigation to the readers. / Forensic Investigations / M. Tech. (Forensic Investigation)

Title The awareness about domestic violence among the Czech community Author Jana Trochtová Abstract Presented diploma thesis had for the object the theoretical processing of development of the phenomenon of domestic violence in historical contexts, the identification of variety and classification of domestic violence, the specification of victim and perpetrator of domestic violence and of course the identification of the effects that domestic violence in the family or intimate relationship brings to the victim or the perpetrator. Theoretical part of the thesis deals with the structure of professional organizations in the Czech Republic, the possibilities of the prevention and especially with the therapy of the perpetrator as well. The practical part of this diploma thesis was focused on evaluation of awareness about domestic violence among the Czech community, whereas the main output was the analysis of Czech community's readiness for perpetrator's therapeutic programs and the expression of its own preferences for improving the awareness of discussed issue. The method of questionnaire research was used for data collection. The diploma thesis is supplemented by information obtained from professionals working in specific organization helping people affected by domestic violence.

Cette recherche qualitative et exploratoire porte sur la construction identitaire de l’homme marié violent au Liban. Elle s’appuie notamment sur les discours de l’homme violent et de la femme violentée (récits de vie, interrogatoires juridiques, questionnaires) et aussi sur le discours de personnes-ressources non violentes. La construction identitaire de l’homme violent au Liban est liée au système patriarcal fortement ancré dans la culture, les institutions et la vie des Libanais. L’homme évolue en fonction de 3 prototypes :- masculin : dominant, pourvoyeur, protecteur, agressif- féminin : soumise, femme au foyer, disponible, douce- du couple : verrouillage des autres prototypes dans une complémentarité sexisteLa violence masculine traduit la place de l’homme dans le couple (violences symboliques et violences spontanées), elle traduit aussi sa volonté de conserver l’ordre patriarcal dans la famille car toute évolution des prototypes notamment celui de la femme est sentie par l’homme comme une menace contre sa masculinité (violences interactionnelles). La violence est accentuée car le Liban évolue sous l’empire de stress, ce qui met les rôles patriarcaux en question en permanence. La trajectoire identitaire de l’homme violent libanais montre qu’il a un père autoritaire et sévère, parfois faible. Sa mère pourrait être envahissante, absente ou ambivalente. Du point de vue couple l’homme violent cherche le couple fusionnel car il traduit parfaitement la complémentarité patriarcale sexiste. L’ordre social patriarcal libanais est en perpétuelle reproduction engendrant des hommes sexistes prêts à devenir violents. La femme est encerclée par la violence même, sa honte d’être femme battue et/ou femme divorcée, mais aussi à cause du tiers d’idéologie sexiste : parents, amis, société, institutions concernées. La lutte contre la violence conjugale au Liban doit être totale : contre la violence, les inégalités de genre et la culture patriarcale. / This qualitative and exploratory research is about the construction of the identity of the violent married man in Lebanon. It is based on different sources, the violent man, the battered woman discourse (biography, court records, and questionnaires) and the discourse of non-violent resource-person. The construction of the identity of the violent man in Lebanon is related to the patriarchal system which is strongly anchored in the culture, institution and life of the Lebanese. In this environment man evolves into three prototypes:- The masculine: dominant, protector, provider, aggressive.- The feminine: submissive, housewife, available, soft.- The couple: the clamping of the two other prototypes in one complementary sexist relationship.The masculine violence can reflect the man’s place in the couple (symbolic violence, spontaneous violence), and can also show the willingness to conserve the patriarchal order in the family because every evolution of prototypes especially the women’s role is felt by man as a threat against his masculinity (interaction violence). Violence is accentuated because Lebanon is a society under stress, which permanently distorts the masculine image. The identity trajectory of the Lebanese violent man shows that he has an authoritarian and severe father figure, or a feeble one. His mother can be overbearing, absent or ambivalent. Concerning the couple, the violent man searches for the fusional couple because it reflects perfectly the sexist patriarchal complementarity. The Lebanese social patriarchal order is in perpetual reproduction generating sexist man ready to become violent. The woman is surrounded by violence, and shame feeling of being a battered woman and/or divorced woman, and because of the others that are sexist: parents, friends, society institutions and concerned responsible. The struggle against violence can only be total: it must be against violence, gender inequality and against patriarchal society.

This study evaluated the effectiveness of the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission (SATRC), using the theoretical and conceptual framework of the five pillars of transitional justice. Chitsike (2012) identified the five Pillars of Transitional Justice that the study uses. For that reason, Truth-Seeking and Truth-Telling, Trials and Tribunals, Reparations, Institutional Reform and Memorialisation are the Five Pillars of Transitional Justice that this study elected to use as the conceptual and theoretical framework. The Five Pillars of Transitional Justice that were delineated by Boraine (2005) are referred to for analytical purposes in the study. Methodologically, the study assumes a qualitative posture. Literature study through content analysis that uses description and exploration is deployed to make interpretation of the used literature. This study notes that each one of the pillars of transitional justice has its recommendations and limitations, and the pillars are much more enriched and enriching when applied in complementarity to each other rather than in isolation. The SATRC process also had its achievements and limitations, and its popularity was based on political impressions rather than concrete transitional justice achievements on the ground, in the view of the present study. Furthermore, it appears to the present study that more time is needed for much more reliable evaluations of the effectiveness of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) to be made, some of its successes and limitations will take many years and or even decades to manifest because at the end of the day, TRCs are historical process and not events. / Political Sciences / M.A. (Politics)