"Image and Text" focuses on the consequences of multi-media interaction on the concept of a work's meaning(s) in three distinct publishing trends in nineteenth-century Britain: graphic satire, the literary annuals, and book illustration. The graphic satire of engravers James Gillray and George Cruikshank is replete with textual components that rely on the interaction of media for the overall satirical impact. Literary annuals combine engravings with the ekphrastic poetry of writers including William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Robert Southey, and Letitia Elizabeth Landon. Book illustrations provided writers Sir Walter Scott and Alfred, Lord Tennyson a means to recycle previously published works as "new" texts; the engravings promote an illusion of textual originality and reality by imparting visual meanings onto the text. In turn, the close proximity of text to image changes visual meanings by making the images susceptible to textual meanings. Many of the theoretical implications resulting from the pairing of media resound in modern film adaptations, which often provide commentary about nineteenth-century visual culture and the self-reflexivity of media. The critical heritage that has responded to the pairing of media in nineteenth-century print culture often expresses uneasiness with the relationship between text and mechanically produced images, and this uneasiness has often resulted in the treatment of text and image as separate components of multi-media works. "Image and Text" recovers the dialogue between media in nineteenth-century print forms often overlooked in critical commentary that favors the study of an elusive and sometimes fictional concept of an original work; each chapter acknowledges the collaborative nature of the production of multi-media works and their ability to promote textual newness, originality (or the illusion of originality), and (un)reality. Multi-media works challenge critical conventions regarding artistic and authorial originality, and they enter into battles over fidelity of meaning. By recognizing multi-media works as part of a diverse genre it becomes possible to expand critical dialogue about such works past fidelity studies. Text and image cannot faithfully represent the other; what they can do is engage in dialogue: with each other, with their historical and cultural moments, and with their successors and predecessors.

No description available.

Thèse numérisée par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

This thesis explores textual and visual images of the EU in South Korea's three prestigious popular newspapers - Chosun Ilbo, Dong A Ilbo and Joong Ang Ilbo - and compares them to the imagery created by the internet versions of these newspapers. In recent years, much scholarly work has been done on the topics of EU imagery in print media, but no systemic attempt has yet been made to EU imagery in internet media. The thesis analyses EU news monitored daily in 12 months of 2008 (a year of the first G20 Summit in Washington and the 6th and 7th rounds of EU-Korea FTA negotiations). This study is interdisciplinary. The thesis draws on several significant theories and concepts from the media studies and linguistics. On top of this, a wide range of approaches of content and visual analysis were reviewed. The study then considers and adopts a multimethodological approach of content analysis (studies by Chaban and Holland) and of visual analysis (by Bain) based on visual semiotics. However, to cope with internet media it also adds several categories which add the notion of interactivity to the original content analysis. It incorporates categories originating from a social semiotic approach (elements of interactive and compositional meta-functions) into the original visual analysis. The results of this study are presented in three case studies. In the first section of each case study the thesis provides a comprehensive overview featuring the latest information and various perspectives (political, economic, social, environmental and developmental). The second section presents formal characteristics of EU images in print newspapers and their internet versions. The third section covers substantive characteristics in both versions. The last section suggests the results of visual analysis. The results of this thesis contribute to two areas of studies: EU external perception studies and internet communication studies: as well as enhancing a deeper understanding of EU-Korea relations.

The tourism industry in Sweden has expanded in recent years and the increasing industry has meant that customers are in need of a reseller for their trips abroad. Today there are three types of retailers available. These are : Traditional travel agencies , tour operators and online travel agencies. Online Travel agencies are the most modern online option for customers. Their existence has made it easier for the customer and reservation can be made anytime and anywhere. The competition has intensified between the three retailers and the traditional alternatives must find new ways to survive. Through effective marketing and selecting the right channel may be vital to the travel agency's survival. The theories that have been essentiell for this Investigation are: marketing mix, relationship marketing, porter curve, the buying process, the agent's role, word-of-mouth and marketing of services and products company. In this essay, the authors investigated four tour operators and one traditional travel agency and everyone is placed in Stockholm. The authors has choosed to investigate their market businesses and how the customer's requirements have changed since online travel agencies took over a large part of the market. The authors have also decided to conduct interviews with an online travel agency and one travel company that works with marketing for travel agencies. The tour operators in Stockholm mainly use relationship marketing as a primary strategy for maintaining a loyal relationship with the customer. The channels that travel companies utilize is a combination of word-of- mouth, digital media and printed media. All companies could state that the consumer in the current situation is more aware than before and this has led an increased requirement for travel agencies. Travel agents and tour operators must offer something unique or give the client an  xceptional service that they can not recieve in another place. Service in this case may involve travel on customers behalf, visa application, bookings for specific requests and helping to add travel insurance.

My Interdisciplinary dissertation examines illustrations in manuscripts and early print sources and reveals their participation in the transmission and reception of Old Norse mythology. My approach encompasses Material Philology and Media Specific Analysis. The reception history of illustrations of Old Norse Mythology affects our understanding of related Interdisciplinary fields such as Book History, Visual Studies, Literary Studies and Cultural Studies. Part One of my dissertation begins with a discussion of the tradition of Old Norse oral poetry in pagan Scandinavia and the highly visual nature of the poems. The oral tradition died out in Scandinavia but survived in Iceland and was preserved in vernacular manuscripts in the thirteenth century. The discovery of these manuscripts in the seventeenth century initiated a cycle of illustration that largely occurred outside of Iceland. Part One concludes with an analytical survey of illustrations of Old Norse mythology in print sources from 1554 to 1915 revealing important patterns of transmission. Part Two traces the technological history of production of digital editions and manuscript facsimiles back to the seventeenth century when manuscripts were hand-copied and published by means of copperplate engravings. Part Two also discusses the scholarly and cultural prejudices towards images that are only now slowly fading. Part Two concludes with a description of my prototype for a digital image repository named MyNDIR (My Norse Digital Image Repository). MyNDIR will facilitate the emergence of images of Old Norse Studies from the current informal crowd sourcing of material on the web to a digital image repository supporting the dissemination of accurate scholarly knowledge in a widely accessible form. Part Three presents two thematic case studies that demonstrate the value of applying the skills of visual literacy to illustrations of Old Norse mythology. The first study examines Jakob Sigurðsson’s illustrations of Norse gods in hand-copied paper manuscripts from eighteenth-century Iceland. The second study examines illustrations by prominent Norwegian artists in the editions of Snorre Sturlason: Kongesagaer published in 1899 and 1900 respectively. What emerged from these studies is an understanding that illustrations offer insights for the study of Old Norse texts that the words of the texts alone cannot provide. / Graduate / 0362 / 0377 / 0279 / pabaer@uvic.ca

現代消費社會籠罩在濃厚的符號性消費氛圍之下，「家具」也從純功能性的物件轉變為符號價值高的象徵性消費商品。本研究以Roland Barthes的圖像符號理論為基礎，試圖分析台灣的家具平面廣告，探究這些廣告的符號運作原則，以及隱含於家具消費背後的社會文化價值。從居家設計雜誌《ARCH雅砌》與《室內interior》中選取二十三則家具廣告，並依據廣告的主題與文本特性分為五個類別，進行深入分析。本研究發現，家具平面廣告的圖像訊息常依循「堆疊引申」與「二元對立」兩種意義建構過程，自然化物件的並置，堆砌出各種符號指涉系統；此外，在家具廣告中，文字訊息能同時對圖像訊息產生預設意義與情境意義的功能，但多對圖像進行「預設意義」的作用。本研究進一步發現，多數的家具廣告未建構出一個「家庭」的氛圍，而僅是搭築一個富含指涉意義的家具展示空間，利用這個空間極力強調西方文化的優越性，而西化的氛圍指涉了高級的生活型態。最後，研究結果顯示，在家具消費的領域中，社會階層、品味與文化資本皆影響了消費者行為，驗證了Baudrillard與Bourdieu等學者的符號消費理論。 / Modern society operates behind a shroud of symbolic consumption. Home furniture consumption, as an example, has been altered from purely functional to highly symbolic. Based on Roland Barthes’ pictorial semiotic theory, this paper attempts to analyze the print advertisements of furniture in Taiwan in order to clarify the signifying process of these furniture print ads and the socio-cultural values embedded in the Taiwan’s furniture consumption. Twenty-three print ads selected from popular design magazines, Arch and interior, are categorized into five groups according to their thematic and textual characteristics. The research finds that the iconic messages of these print ads are mostly in the pattern of “refrain” and “binary-opposition” utilizing “naturalization of objects” to construct symbolic meanings. Furthermore, the meaning of iconic message is frequently restrained by the linguistic message in terms of “anchorage,” although both “anchorage” and “relay” may both function in the print ad simultaneously. Most of the furniture advertisements didn’t construct a “home” atmosphere, but only a space to display furniture products and build rich referential meaning. The superiority of western culture is strongly emphasized; westernized ambience signifies the high-class life style. Finally, the research results indicate that in the case of furniture purchase, consumer behavior involves social class, taste, and cultural capital, which confirm Baudrillard’s and Bourdieu’s theories of symbolic consumption.

In this presentation, various projects at DZB will be described, concerning various collaborations with publishing houses and Libreka! – an online platform of the German association of publishers “Börsenverein des Deutschen Buchhandels”, to improve the workflow of transformation of typesetting data into the DAISY 3 format. By developing adaptive content processing facilities, this data can be used to increase the availability of publications in Braille, DAISY and large Print.

La modernisation de la fin du XIX siècle se présente en Amérique latine comme un projet économique qui prétend modifier les paradigmes sociaux et culturels existants en surmontant et dépassant les héritages coloniaux encore ancrés dans la société. L´analyse des annonces publicitaires publiées dans les moyens de communication imprimés au Chili et en Colombie, entre 1870 et 1914, nous permet d'apprécier l´émergence d´un nouvel ordre discursif autour de pratiques de consommation en rapport avec la modernisation, d´une part, mais aussi de cerner comment les nouveaux modèles d'échange de biens et de services altèrent progressivement les us et coutumes de la société, d´autre part. Pour avancer sur la compréhension du lien entre publicité et modernisation, nous recourrons aux axes de réflexion qu'énonce la nouvelle histoire culturelle, en l´occurrence celle de l'École de Francfort et particulièrement l'analyse développée par Jürgen Habermas sur la sphère publique. Nous nous appuyons également sur les apports des études culturelles britanniques mais aussi latino-américaines contemporaines. Nous avons procédé méthodologiquement, avec la recherche puis la sélection d'un corpus représentatif des objets publicitaires; nous avons établi ensuite une classification systématique de ceux-ci selon la méthode d'analyse du traitement journalistique de l'information; finalement, nous les avons examinés à la lumière des processus de production, circulation et consommation en vigueur. Cette approche systématique nourrit l´étude de leur impact et de leurs effets sur le sens, les utilisations et les significations du discours de la modernité, dans les sociétés chilienne et colombienne durant la période abordée / The modernization of the late nineteenth century in Latin America was presented as an economic project that both would modify the existing social and cultural paradigms and contribute to overcoming the colonial remnants that were still anchored in society. An analysis of the advertisements that were published in print media in Chile and Colombia between 1870 and 1914 has allowed us to appreciate a discursive order of consumption practices related to the modernization being established and how this new exchange goods and services model altered the habits and customs of the society. To advance in the understanding the link between advertising and modernization, we turn to the guidelines set forth by the new cultural history, the Frankfurt School, specifically the approach developed by Jürgen Habermas on the public sphere and the contributions developed by the contemporary British and Latin American cultural studies. Methodologically, we proceeded with the search and selection of a representative corpus of advertising campaigns. Subsequently, such campaigns were classified and systematized according to the method of analysis of press coverage of information. Finally, we examine the processes of production, circulation and consumption, as well as the meaning effects, uses and meanings of this kind of discourse in the Latin American society. / La modernización de fines del siglo XIX se presentó en América Latina como un proyectoeconómico que modificaría los paradigmas sociales y culturales existentes, a la vez quecontribuiría con la superación de los rezagos coloniales que aún permanecían anclados enla sociedad. Un análisis de los anuncios publicitarios que aparecieron publicados enmedios de comunicación impresos de Chile y Colombia entre 1870 y 1914, nos hapermitido apreciar un orden discursivo de prácticas de consumo relacionadas con lamodernización que se estaba instalando y cómo este nuevo modelo de intercambio debienes y servicios alteró los usos y las costumbres de la sociedad. Para avanzar en lacomprensión del vínculo entre publicidad y modernización, recurrimos a los lineamientosplanteados por la nueva historia cultural, la Escuela de Frankfurt, específicamente elenfoque desarrollado por Jürgen Habermas sobre la esfera pública y los aportesdesarrollados por los estudios culturales contemporáneos británicos y latinoamericanos.Metodológicamente procedimos con la búsqueda y selección de un corpus representativode piezas publicitarias, luego hicimos una sistematización y clasificación de las mismassegún el método de análisis del tratamiento periodístico de la información y finalmente,examinamos los procesos de producción, circulación y consumo, así como los efectos desentido, los usos y las significaciones de este tipo de discursos en la sociedadlatinoamericana.

Cette thèse s’interroge sur l’intensité des débats, controverses et polémiques qui, en France, abordent la question de l’École, au moyen de l’étude du discours porté par la presse écrite généraliste entre 1959 et 2008, soit au cours du demi-siècle où se rencontrent la domination de ces débats par les enjeux liés à la démocratisation de l’enseignement du second degré et l’affirmation de la presse nationale d’information générale comme instance de prescription des débats intellectuels. Basé sur l’analyse statistique d’importants échantillons sélectionnés au sein d’un corpus de 8500 articles, ce travail s’attache à relier le contenu de ces textes aux réalités dont ils prétendent rendre compte, mettant en évidence les représentations qui sont élaborées et mobilisées. Dans le même temps, il examine les conditions de construction de l’information telle que la presse, dont les priorités et les méthodes évoluent, la façonne, et ce sur une matière scolaire dont la charge identitaire et les mutations à l’œuvre affectent de façon différenciée les catégories variées d’acteurs que les journaux font se rencontrer. / This thesis questions the intensity of the debates, controversies and polemics that revolve around the school question in France, by studying the speech developed in the general written press between 1959 and 2008, i.e. during the five decades when the domination of the stakes linked to the democratization of second-degree schooling and the affirmation of national general press as a framing authority of the intellectual debates meet. Based on the statistic analysis of important samples of a corpus of 8500 articles, this work seeks to link the content of these texts to the realities they claim to reflect, putting in relief the representations they contribute to work out and to mobilize. At the same time, it reviews the conditions of the treatment of information as shaped by the press – whose priorities and methods evolve – on a school matter with its specific identity stakes and current changes that affect in different ways the various categories of actors expressing themselves in newspapers.