Studier som undersöker hemlösa människors upplevelser med annat fokus än det elände de befinner sig i kan bidra med förståelse och kunskap som behövs för att kunna hjälpa de sämst ställda. Det salutogena begreppet känsla av sammanhang (KASAM) hos försäljare av Situation Sthlm, en grupp hemlösa, före detta hemlösa och socialt utsatta människor, är inte tidigare känt och syftet med den här studien är att kvantitativt undersöka var på KASAM-13 skalan försäljare av Situation Sthlm befinner sig och kvalitativt att beskriva hur fyra individer ur urvalet upplever och beskriver sin känsla av sammanhang.   Slutsatser av studien kan sammanfattas i att levnadsvillkor påverkar en persons känsla av sammanhang, att försäljare av Situation Sthlm har KASAM-värden (54,67 p.) långt från medelvärdet i en befolkningsundersökning (70.83 p.) och att en låg skattning på KASAM Livsfrågeformulär (under medelvärdet 54,67) inte behöver betyda att en person inte upplever känsla av sammanhang i sitt liv och omvänt, en hög skattning (över medelvärdet 54,67 p.) inom undersöknings-gruppen försäljare av Situation Sthlm av KASAM behöver inte betyda att en person upplever känsla av sammanhang. / Studies examining homeless people's experiences with different focus than the misery they are in can help with understanding and knowledge needed to help people in need. The salutogenetic concept sense of coherence (SOC) of vendors of Situation Sthlm, a group homeless, formerly homeless and socially vulnerable people, is not known and the purpose of this study is to quantitatively examine where on the SOC-13 scale vendors of Situation Stockholm is placed and qualitatively to describe how four individuals from the sample perceive and describe their sense of coherence.  Conclusions from the study can be summarized in that living conditions affect a person's sense of coherence, that vendors of Situation Sthlm has SOC-values (54,67 p.) far from the mean in a population survey (70,83 p.) and that a low score (below 54,67 p) of the SOC Life Questionnaire does not necessarily mean that a person does not experience a sense of coherence in life and conversely, a high SOC-score (above 54,67 p.) within the study  group vendors of Situation Sthlm  does not mean that a person experience sense of coherence.

Baggrund: At være bærer af MRSA er en udfordring for et stigende antal borgere. For den enkelte indebærer det at være bærer at skulle leve med en viden om, at man kan smitte og fremkalde infektion hos den nærmeste familie eller andre, man kommer i tæt berøring med. For samfundet indebærer forekomsten af et reservoir af resistente bakterier en risiko for spredning fra det omgivende samfund ind på sygehusene med efterfølgende problemer ved behandling af akutte og alvorligt syge patienter. Formål: At opnå en dybere forståelse af, hvilken betydning det har for bærernes oplevelse af sammenhæng og dermed for sundheden for den enkelte, at være bærer af MRSA ieget hjem. Metode: Et kvalitativt studie med åbne interview af 12 bærere og 4 pårørende med anvendelse af Grounded Theory som analysemetode. Resultater: Borgerne oplever det at være bærer af MRSA som en uklar og forvirrende tilstand mellem sundhed og sygdom. Undersøgelsen identificerer kernekategorien ”Mangelfuld information”, som udløser følelser som forvirring og utryghed, meningsløshed, stress og vrede. Dette resulterer i manglende compliance, bekymringer for fremtiden og stigmatisering. Øget stress påvirker oplevelsen af sammenhæng hos bærerne og deres nærmeste i negativ retning. Særligt tyngede er bærere og pårørende, som arbejder indenfor omsorgs-og plejeområdet. Konklusion: Arbejdet afdækker mangler i primærsektorens håndtering af opgaven, specielt vedrørende korrekt information til MRSA-bærerne og deres nærmeste, som i nogle tilfælde kan påvirke bærernes oplevelse af sammenhæng og egen sundhed i negativ retning. Stigmatisering og grov diskrimination af MRSA-bærere kan være et resultat af manglende viden i MRSA-bærernes netværk og lokalområde. / Background: More and more citizens are carrying MRSA. Consequently, they mustcope with the knowledge of being a potential health risk for their families and close relations. For society,the carrierembodiesa reservoir and a risk of spreading resistant bacteriafrom the community into hospitals, resulting in problems with the treatment of patients in intensive and acute care wards. Purpose: This qualitative study aimed to deepenknowledge of the impactof MRSAon the Sense of Coherenceand Healthfor carriers living at home. Method: Thisqualitative study used Grounded Theory to analyze interviews with twelve carriers and four relatives. Results: The carriers describedthe experience of colonization with MRSA as a strange,unclear,and confusing state between sickness and wellness. The studyidentifiesacore category(i.e., “Inadequate information”)that causes emotional reactions among carriers and family members, including anxiety, insecurity, confusion, inadequate compliance, worries aboutthe future,and stigmatization. Increased stress negatively influences carriers’ and family members’sense of coherence. This was especially true infemale carriers and relatives who work in health and social carebecause they risk becominga health risk to their patients or clients. Conclusion: Thisstudy reveals inadequacy in the Primary Health Care System regarding the quality of information provided to MRSA-carriers and their relatives. Such inadequacynegatively affects carriers’Sense of Coherenceand health. Lack of knowledge in the network and local area can stigmatize MRSA carriers, making them susceptible tosevere bullying / <p>978-91-86739-51-5</p>

I det komplexa och moderna arbetslivet förändras både människor och organisationer. Detta leder till att hälsofrämjande på arbetsplatser får en allt större betydelse i samband med att alla förändringar ställer nya krav på organisationer och dess anställda. Syftet med studien var att undersöka på vilka sätt chefer aktivt arbetar för att främja och bibehålla den arbetsrelaterade hälsan hos medarbetare. Det genomfördes kvalitativa telefonintervjuer med åtta första linjens chefer, vilka var aktiva inom skolverksamheten, fritidsgårdsverksamheten, rättspsykiatriska vården och kommunen. Intervjuerna bearbetades genom tematisk analys, något som visade att chefer främjar och bibehåller sina medarbetares hälsa genom att ge medarbetarna möjlighet till kontroll och delaktighet i arbetet samt genom ett närvarande och stöttande ledarskap. Studien ansågs vara praktiskt användbar av nuvarande och framtida chefer som vill arbeta hälsofrämjande samt av intresse för de undersökta arbetsplatserna där studien kan fungera som ett synliggörande underlag kring det hälsofrämjande arbetet.

Bakgrund: Känsla av sammanhang (SOC) är en salutogen modell som beskriver hur människor ser livet och hanterar situationer med hjälp av resurser för att främja hälsa. Psoriasis är en kronisk och autoimmun sjukdom med en prevalens på två procent i Skandinavien. Den vanligaste formen av psoriasis är plackpsoriasis som karaktäriseras av rodnad, fjällning och förtjockning av epidermis. Syfte: Syftet var att belysa psykosociala aspekter av att leva med psoriasis. Metod: En allmän litteraturstudie där 11 resultatartiklar granskades i sin helhet och analyserades i enlighet med en databearbetningsmodell för litteraturöversikter med tre steg. Resultat: Genom dataanalysen identifierades tre huvudteman: Att skämmas över sin kropp, Att uppleva hinder i livet och Att hantera psoriasis. Resultatet påvisade flertalet psykosociala begränsningar som präglade vardagen och livskvaliteten negativt. Hälsofrämjande hanteringsstrategier identifierades dessutom. Konklusion: Ytterligare omvårdnadsforskning om levda erfarenheter hos personer med psoriasis behövs då området är begränsat utforskat. I vårdsammanhang bör personen ses som en helhet och inte enbart utifrån ett patogent perspektiv. / Background: Sence of coherence (SOC) is a salutogenic model that describe how people perceive life and deal with situations using their own resources to develop health. Psoriasis is a chronic and autoimmune disease with a prevalence of two percent in Scandinavia. The most common type of psoriasis is plaque psoriasis, which is characterized by raised skin patches, together with redness and scaling.  Aim: The aim was to illustrate the psychosocial aspects of living with psoriasis. Method: A general literature review in which 11 outcome articles were reviewed in their entirety and analyzed according to a three-step data processing model for literature reviews. Results: Through the data analysis, three main themes were identified: to be ashamed of one’s body, experiencing obstacles in life and dealing with psoriasis. The results revealed a large number of psychosocial limitations that negatively affected everyday life and quality of life. Health promoting coping strategies were also identified. Conclusion: Further nursing research is required to explore the lived life of people with psoriasis, as the current knowledge is limited. In the context of care, the person should be seen as a whole and not solely from a pathogenic perspective.

No description available.

According to statistics, it is common that Upper Secondary school students in vocational programs drop out. The aim of this study was to find out why these students decide to complete their education after having considered a dropout. How many students considered dropping out, who are those students and what reasons did they have? What thoughts and experiences did they have of the schools attempt to prevent them from dropping out? To collect data to this study a survey was used, followed by qualitative interviews. The data was later analyzed based on Antonovsky’s Sense of Coherence. The results showed that half of the students had at some point considered dropping out of school. The three main reasons for dropping out were: low motivation, mental health problems and that the education lacked quality. The top three reasons for wanting to pursue their education were: wanting an education, parents´ expectations and social interaction with friends. All students agreed that they have good relations with someone working at the school whom is willing to listen to them. One conclusion is that a healthy and safe school environment and good relations between school staff and students is a key to prevent school dropouts.

No description available.

Varje elev i den svenska skolan har rätt att få kunskap om och insikt i demokratiska principer. Detta är stadgat i den svenska Skollagen och i läroplanen sedan 1946. Skolverket gav 2004 alla svenska skolor i uppdrag att arbeta på ett hälsofrämjande sätt. Elevinflytande och delaktighet i skolan är positiva hälsofrämjande faktorer, genom att eleverna ges möjligheter att själva få påverka sin situation och därmed skapa tillhörighet, sammanhang och meningsfullhet med skolarbete. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur åtta grundskoleelever från åk 9 förklarade och upplevde elevinflytande och delaktighet. Kvalitativ undersökningsmetod användes i form av intervjuer och resultatet från intervjuerna analyserades och relaterades till två huvudområden; det demokratiska och det hälsofrämjande perspektivet. Resultatet av intervjufrågorna visade att informanterna till viss del kunde förklara begreppen elevinflytande och delaktighet, och även relatera till demokratiskt arbete i skolans kontext. Upplevelserna av detta arbete beskrevs som positiva, trygga och meningsfulla. Kopplingen mellan elevinflytande/delaktighet och hälsa blev dock inte tydligt i undersökningen, därtill krävs ytterligare studier. / Every child in Swedish schools should have the right to gain knowledge about and insight in democratic principles related to school matters. This is stated in the Swedish Education Act and in the national curricula since 1946. In 2004 all Swedish schools were commissioned by the National Agency of Education to work in a health promoting way. Democracy, as in influence and autonomy, help young people to protect their health and give opportunities for connectedness and sense of belonging to adolescents own school situation in a positive healthy way. The aim of this study was to investigate how eight pupils from a comprehensive school class (9th degree) perceived and expressed influence and autonomy at school. A qualitative methodology through interviewing was used. The results of the interviews was analyzed and related to two perspectives; the democratic and the health promoting perspective. The findings showed that the informants to a certain extent were able to explain the meaning of, and also relate to some situations connected to influence and autonomy. They described the experiences as being positive, confident and meaningful for them. However, it became difficult to find a distinct connection between the informant´s experienced democracy work and health. Further studies about this coherence are needed.

No description available.

Research on psychosocial health in social work isn't developed enough. Instead, there's much more research on psychosocial unhealth. What about social workers, the unhealth is often related to the situation at work and the work environment. The aim of this study was to "during interviews understand the factors which social workers experience as important to maintain their own psychosocial health in the life situations". With hermeneutic method the particular interest was directed on how the participants experienced and explained their psychosocial health on the basis of their life situations, and the results was analyzed with Antonovsky's (1991/2005) perspective directed on health and Sense of Coherence (SOC). In the study, we used a qualitative form of interviews which allowed our participants to answer with their own words and from how they interpreted the questions. We have made interviews with eight social workers in a average municipality in Sweden. The results are shown qualitatively in current text. With our interest in social workers´ psychosocial health, we have understood that it's complicated to make a partition line between the life at work and the private life when it comes to the social workers´ experiences of factors that helps to maintain psychosocial health. Instead, it's about to understand the social worker's psychosocial health as a whole, on the basis of the work as well as the private life. In comparison to research on psychosocial unhealth, our participants said that it's especially the private life, rather than the life at work, that influences and sometimes even controls the psychosocial health in general. Nevertheless, there were plural factors at work which were experienced as especially important to maintain the psychosocial health, for example a "good director", "good colleagues", "ability to let go of the liability for clients" and a working situation where you "work two together" plus "experience and knowledge" from the whole life situations. In private life, and in addition to work, the experiences were about "enriching leisure time", social support from friends and family and the ability to make "reasonable demands and limits for yourself" in private life as well as at work.