Objetivo: Evaluar la asociación entre el impacto psicosocial de la estética dental con la discriminación auto percibida en pacientes ambulatorios de un hospital público en Lima. Materiales y Métodos: Un total de 207 pacientes ambulatorios fueron encuestados en este estudio, de edades comprendidas entre los 18 y 30 años. Para la evaluación del impacto psicosocial de la estética dental se utilizó el Cuestionario del Impacto Psicosocial de la Estética dental (PIDAQ). Asimismo, para la discriminación auto percibida se utilizó un pequeño cuestionario extraído de la Encuesta Nacional de Hogares sobre Condiciones de Vida y Pobreza 2017. Además, se evaluaron otras variables como la edad, sexo, educación, ingreso económico, etnicidad y razón de discriminación. Se utilizó la regresión de Poisson con estimador robusto de varianza tanto como para la asociación de las variables, así como para el cálculo de las razones de prevalencia crudas y ajustadas. El nivel de confianza fue al 95% y el nivel de significancia se estableció como p < 0.05. Resultados: Los encuestados si se auto percibieron como discriminadas según el impacto psicosocial de su estética dental, observándose una asociación estadísticamente significativa positiva (RP 1.02 IC 95% 1.01 – 1.03). Conclusiones: Se observó que el impacto psicosocial de la estética dental se encuentra asociado con la discriminación auto percibida. Además, los pacientes que se auto perciben como discriminados en su mayoría son mujeres en promedio de veintitrés años, mestizos, con un ingreso económico medio bajo. / Aim: To evaluate the association between the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics with self-perceived discrimination in outpatients of a public hospital in Lima. Materials and Methods: A total of 207 outpatients were evaluated, between 18 and 30 years old. The psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics was evaluated with the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics questionnaire (PIDAQ). Likewise, for self-perceived discrimination, questions were selected from the Peruvian National Household Survey on Living Conditions and Poverty 2017. In addition, other variables such as age, sex, education, income, ethnicity and reason for discrimination were evaluated. The Poisson regression with robust estimator of variance was used for the association of the variables, as well as for the calculation of the crude and adjusted prevalence ratios. The confidence level was 95% and the level of significance was established as p <0.05. Results: Those surveyed perceived themselves as discriminated according to the psychosocial impact of their dental aesthetics, observing a positive significant association between both variables (PR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01 –1.03). Conclusions: The psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics was found to be associated with self-perceived discrimination. In addition, those who self-perceived themselves discriminated were mostly women, of twenty-three years old on average, mestizos, with a low average economic income. / Tesis

Die wissenschaftliche Begleitung des Schulversuchs „Deutsch-Italienische Gesamtschule Wolfsburg“ hat u. a. eine empirische Untersuchung zur Leistungs- und Persönlichkeitsentwicklung der Schüler an der Modellversuchsschule durchgeführt. In den Jahren 1996 bis 2006 erfolgten sowohl Quer- als auch Längsschnitterhebungen mit diversen Schulleistungstests sowie schriftliche Befragungen zu ausgewählten Persönlichkeitsmerkmalen der Schüler. An diese quantitativen Untersuchungen schlossen sich im Mai und Juni 2006 leitfadengestützte Gruppeninterviews mit Schülern der ersten drei Einschulungsjahrgänge an, die nach der 10. Klasse auf die gymnasiale Oberstufe eines Wolfsburger Gymnasiums gewechselt waren. Ziel dieser Interviews war es ein spezifisches Bild der „Deutsch-Italienischen Gesamtschule“ aus der Perspektive derer zu gewinnen, die einerseits zehn Jahre lang an dieser gelernt und gelebt haben, andererseits Erfahrungen an einer anderen Schule sammeln konnten. Als Ergebnisse lassen sich u.a. festhalten, dass der Entwicklung des Sozialverhaltens der Schüler an der Schule viel Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt wurde. Daher ist die Mehrheit der Befragten auch der Meinung, ein höheres Maß an sozialer Kompetenz zu besitzen, als andere Jugendliche. Obgleich die befragten Schüler ihre Kompetenzen in den Fächern Deutsch und Italienisch als gut bis sehr gut einschätzen offenbaren sich gleichzeitig Übereinstimmungen bezüglich der Defizite der Ausbildung in einigen Unterrichtsfächern. Dies betrifft in erster Linie die naturwissenschaftlichen Fächer einschließlich Mathematik sowie Englisch. Bilanzierend beschreiben die interviewten Schüler die „Deutsch-Italienische Gesamtschule“ als einen Ort, an dem sie sich immer sehr wohl gefühlt und den sie gern besucht haben. Ihre Beziehung zu den Lehrern bezeichnen die Schüler übereinstimmend als sehr eng und freundschaftlich, das Verhältnis unter den Schülern als geprägt von Vertrautheit und einem starken Gemeinschaftsgefühl.

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo principal relacionar el autoconcepto personal y la regulación emocional en role-players adultos peruanos. Se aplicaron el Cuestionario de Autoconcepto Personal (Goñi, 2011) y el Cuestionario de Regulación Emocional ERQ (Gross y Jhon, 2003) a un grupo de 310 participantes peruanos, entre los 18 y 35 años de edad, y con el 88% de sexo femenino. Se encontró que las dimensiones del Autoconcepto Personal correlacionan positivamente con el factor Reevaluación Cognitiva de Regulación emocional. Así también, todos los factores de Autoconcepto Personal correlacionan negativamente con Supresión Emocional. Asimismo, los role-players con un personaje idol-kpop tienen mayores puntuaciones en las dimensiones de autonomía y honradez, a comparación de los role-players furry, debido a la retroalimentación recibida de su entorno. / The main objective of this study is to relate personal self-concept and emotional regulation in Peruvian adult role-players. The Personal Self-Concept Questionnaire (Goñi, 2011) and the ERQ Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (Gross y Jhon, 2003) were applied to a group of 310 Peruvian participants, between 18 and 35 years of age, and with 88% of sex female. It was found that the Personal Self-concept variables have a positive correlation with cognitive reappraisal, this being the most used regulation tool. Furthermore, there is a negative relationship with the dimension of emotional suppression. Likewise, role-players with an idol-kpop character have higher scores in personal self-concept, especially in autonomy and honesty, compared to furry role-players. / Tesis

Background: The cosmetics industry has historically been associated with women, and much research has focused on them. However, the male cosmetics market has been growing rapidly for several years around the world. Nevertheless, little attention has been paid to men and their new way of life and consumption. France, which is the world’s leading exporter of cosmetic products, is struggling to convince its domestic market. Even though many forecasts predicted the French market to be one of the most dynamic and fastest-growing markets in the world, the lack of attention in the literature regarding the behavior of French male consumers motivated us to carry out a study designed to identify and understand the potential reasons that could explain the delay in the development of the cosmetics market. Purpose: The objective of this study is to understand the behavior of male consumers in France towards cosmetic products. We observed their perceptions of concepts of masculinity, what it means to be a man, body image, self-concept, and perception of brands present in the French market. This study responds to the need of the literature in which attention to the behaviors and attitudes of men consuming cosmetic products has been poorly studied despite the rapid growth of these markets worldwide. The phenomenon of grooming among men in France is still poorly understood. Method: We studied the behavior of French male consumers based on the Consumer Decision-making Process (CDP) model and its phases: problem recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, purchase decision and post-purchase evaluation. We followed a qualitative methodology and conducted 12 in-depth semi-structured interviews with French male consumers of cosmetic products aged between 20 to 25 years. We used a non-random sampling method to select participants with experience with cosmetic products from our personal networks. Under an interpretivism paradigm, the results were analyzed using thematic qualitative data analysis to discover new emerging themes in the French socio-cultural context. Findings: The results show that our participants encounter difficulties in defining their conceptions of masculinity and manhood, and openly criticize the traditional masculine stereotypes in French society and the consequences they have on relationships with others. As a result, they do not recognize themselves in the brand images and promotional campaigns of major cosmetic brands because they are considered too traditional and stereotypical. Moreover, the respondents say they are exclusively interested in their personal well-being, which implies that they buy cosmetic products to meet physiological needs, without worrying about aesthetic considerations imposed by others. We also observed that our participants do not use online distribution channels because they are concerned about the human relationship of physical outlets. The men we interviewed have great confidence in the cosmetic products recommended by health professionals. Therefore, they usually buy their products in pharmacies or parapharmacy, and more generally in supermarkets for classic products for accessibility reasons. The quality and effectiveness of cosmetic products are at the heart of the participants’ concerns. This study contributes to the understanding of male cosmetic consumer behavior, which may be useful for marketers wishing to adjust their strategies based on our empirical observations.

Solicitud de envío manuscrito de artículo científico. / Objetivo: Evaluar la percepción de los alumnos respecto al uso de simulación en el curso Prácticas Preclínicas Odontológicas 1 en una universidad privada de la ciudad de Lima en el año 2020. Materiales y métodos: El diseño del estudio fue de tipo observacional, descriptivo y transversal. Se evaluaron 121 alumnos de sexto a décimo ciclo. La percepción y sus dimensiones: satisfacción, autoconfianza y buenas prácticas educacionales fueron evaluadas mediante una encuesta con alto nivel de confiabilidad (0.89), modificada y adaptada para la presente investigación comprobando coeficientes para su uso: V de Aiken, Alfa de Cronbach, Test-Retest (Spearman), clasificada en las modalidades de práctica de habilidades y escenarios, adicionalmente la simulación en general, basada en la escala de Likert (1 al 5). Se obtuvo la media y desviación estándar para la variable percepción, así como el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman y las pruebas U de Mann Whitney y Kruskal Wallis para evaluar covariables. Resultados: Los estudiantes calificaron positivamente a la simulación obteniéndose una media por encima de 4 respecto a las prácticas de habilidades, escenarios y simulación en general siendo estas 4.42 ± 0.49, 4.14 ± 0.63 y 4.73 ± 0.66 respectivamente. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre la percepción de las primeras prácticas preclínicas con las variables edad, género, ciclo y experiencia previa. Conclusión: La percepción de los estudiantes respecto al uso de simulación en el curso Prácticas Preclínicas Odontológicas 1 obtuvo un alto puntaje y no se encuentra relacionada con las variables estudiadas según la encuesta modificada y adaptada. / Objective: To evaluate the perception of students regarding the use of simulation on the curse Early Preclinical Dental Practices 1 at a private university in the city of Lima in 2020. Materials and methods: The design of the study was observational, descriptive and cross-sectional type. A number of 121 students from third year to senior year were evaluated. The perception and its dimensions: satisfaction, self-confidence and good educational practices were evaluated by a survey with a high level of reliability (0.89), modified and adapted for the present investigation, checking coefficients for its use: Aiken’s V, Cronbach’s Alpha, Test-Retest (Spearman), classified in ability, scenario and general simulation practices. The mean and standard deviation were obtained for the perception variable, as well as the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and the Mann-Whitney-U and Kruskal Wallis tests to evaluate covariates. Results: The students rated the simulation positively with an average of over 4 regarding the ability, scenario and general simulation practices. They got 4.42 ± 0.49, 4.14 ± 0.63 y 4.73 ± 0.66 respectively. No statistically significant differences were found between the perception of early preclinical practices with the variables age, gender, year of study and previous experience. Conclusion: The perception of students regarding the use of simulation on the curse Early Preclinical Dental Practices 1 got a high score and it is not related with the variables studied, according to the survey modified and adapted. / Tesis

Introduction: Objective: to determine the association between vegan diet and self-perceived periodontal status in a vegan population of Metropolitan Lima, Peru. Materials and methods: a total of 240 people (120 vegans and 120 non-vegans) were surveyed in this study during the months of August to December 2020 in a virtual way. To evaluate self-perception of periodontal status and oral hygiene habits, the self-report of periodontal disease was used, which is validated with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.77. In addition, other variables such as age, sex, socioeconomic level, educational level, and tobacco consumption were registered. A Poisson regression with robust variance estimator was used both for the association of variables, and prevalence ratios were reported in a crude and adjusted model. The confidence level was 95 % and the significance level was p < 0.05. Results and conclusions: a statistically significant association was found between the appearance of reddish and/or swollen gums (PR = 0.67; 95 % CI: 0.25-0.54) and poor perception of the state of the gums (PR = 0.43; 95 % CI: 0.33-0.56) with the vegan diet. Finally, for the gum bleeding dimension during brushing, no statistically significant differences were observed between vegans and non-vegans. / Introducción: Objetivo: determinar la asociación entre la dieta vegana y la autopercepción del estado periodontal en una población vegana de Lima Metropolitana, Perú. Materiales y métodos: un total de 240 personas (120 veganas y 120 no veganas) fueron encuestadas en este estudio durante los meses de agosto a diciembre del año 2020 de manera virtual. Para evaluar la autopercepción del estado periodontal y los hábitos de higiene oral se utilizó el autorreporte de enfermedad periodontal, que se encuentra validado con una alfa de Cronbach de 0,77. Además se registraron otras variables como la edad, el sexo, el nivel socioeconómico, el grado de estudio y el consumo de tabaco. Se utilizó la regresión de Poisson con estimador robusto de la varianza para la asociación de las variables y se reportaron razones de prevalencia en un modelo crudo y ajustado. El nivel de confianza fue del 95 % y el de significancia fue de p < 0,05. Resultados y conclusiones: se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la apariencia de encías rojizas y/o hinchadas (RP = 0,67; IC 95 %: 0,25-0,54) y la mala percepción del estado de las encías (RP = 0,43; IC 95 %: 0,33-0,56) con la dieta vegana. Por último, para la dimensión del sangrado de encías durante el cepillado no se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las personas veganas y las no veganas. / Revisión por pares

Militant Islamism is a phenomenon that has received significant attention during the lastdecades. Security scholars and policymakers have attempted to cope with the growingconcern of sympathizers willing to carry out terrorist attacks, but until today the need for afurther understanding of circumstances motivating this violence still remains. This causesdifficulties in effective policy responses to tackle militants as well as it strengthens hatredand equivocal perceptions on Islamic practices. This thesis is constituted on the idea that charismatic leadership partakes in the motivationalforces behind militant sympathizers. The aim of this thesis is to explore the relationship ofself-concepts provided by charismatic leadership theory towards the contents exposed bymilitant leaders within Islamism. This relationship is examined in an analytical study ofspeeches through the cases of two former representative and inspirational leaders of militantIslamism: Osama Bin Laden and Anwar Al Awlaki. The idea is to contribute with a motivational account that is also sensitive to the context ofthis specific leadership based on past research. Remarks are thus exposed through aframework of concepts by Boas Shamir in charismatic leadership and the assisting tools of aqualitative content analysis. A deeper comprehension of how charismatic leadershipfunctions is significant for the future of policies in Islamist militancy and leadership.Following results indicates to pursue the joint study of Islamist militancy in relation tocharismatic response for more conclusive research.

<p>Uvod. Uprkos činjenici da je kolostoma intervencija koja se izvodi sa visokim procentom uspe&scaron;nosti, ona za pacijenta predstavlja naru&scaron;avanje njegovog fizičkog i psiholo&scaron;kog integriteta, &scaron;to utiče na predstavu o samom sebi, socijalne i funkcionalne kapacitete i ima veliki uticaj na kvalitet života pacijenta. Ciljevi. Ciljevi istraživanja bili su procena kvaliteta života kod bolesnika sa trajnom kolostomom, procena depresivnosti kod bolesnika sa trajnom kolostomom i procena uticaja depresivnosti na kvalitet života kod bolesnika sa trajnom kolostomom. Metodologija. Istraživanje je bilo dizajnirano po tipu prospektivne studije, sprovedeno u Ambulanti za koloproktologiju Poliklinike Kliničkog centra Vojvodine. U prvoj fazi istraživanja pregledom pacijenata i operacionih lista na Klinici za abdominalnu, endokrinu i transplantacionu hirurgiju Kliničkog centra Vojvodine i broja kolostoma urađenih u periodu između 1.9.2015. godine i 1.8.2016. godine iz operacionih protokola izdvojeni su svi pacijenti kojima je u tom periodu izvedena trajna kolostomija i potom procenjena podobnost za uključivanje u studiju. Ispitanici su anonimno popunjavali upitnik mesec, tri i &scaron;est meseci nakon operacije. Instrument se sastojao od nekoliko celina kojima su ispitivani sociodemografski podaci, kvalitet života, skala telesnog izgleda, skala samopo&scaron;tovanja i Bekova skala depresije. Statistička obrada podataka urađena je u program SPSS for Windows v18. Primenom metoda deskriptivne statistike numeričke kontinuirane varijable prezentovane su kao srednje vrednosti i standardne devijacije (SD) sa rasponom vrednosti, dok su kategorijske varijable prikazane kao apsolutne i relativne vrednosti, odnosno distribucije frekvencija. Za utvrđivanje značajnosti razlika koru&scaron;ćeni su &chi;2 test za opisne varijable, a za numeričke varijable parametrijski testovi (t-test i jednosmerna analiza varijanse ANOVA) i neparametrijski testovi (Man-Whitney test i Kruskal Wallis test). Za ponovljena merenja (3 meseca i 6 meseci) kori&scaron;ćeni su odgovarajući testovi uparenosti za ponovljena merenja. Rezultati. Vrednosti kvaliteta života imale su statistički značajan porast trećeg i &scaron;estog meseca u nakon operativnog izvođenja kolostome u odnosu na anketiranje sprovedeno mesec dana nakon operacije. Skala telesnog izgleda i skala samopo&scaron;tovanja takođe su imale značajno vi&scaron;e vrednosti tri i &scaron;est meseci nakon operacije poredeći sa vrednostima mesec dana nakon izvođenja kolostome. Prvog meseca udeo osoba sa depresivnim tegobama iznosio je 57,1%, da bi u narednim fazama istraživanja do&scaron;lo do značajnog pada (41,1% trećeg i 32,1% &scaron;estog meseca). Zaključak. Najlo&scaron;ije vrednosti svih parametara iskazane su mesec dana nakon operacije, ali vremenom dolazi do statističkog porasta vrednosti. Bolesnici koji imaju znake depresivnosti imaju značajno lo&scaron;iji kvalitet života od bolesnika sa trajnom kolostomom koji nemaju znake depresivnosti.</p> / <p>Introduction. Despite the fact that colostomy can be described as an intervention with high success rates, for the patient it represents deterioration of their physical and psychological integrity, which influence the body self image, social and functional capacities and influence the quality of life. Aim. Assessment of quality of life of patients with the permanent colostomy, assessment of depression among patients with the permanent colostomy and assessment of depression influence on quality of life of the patients with the permanent colostomy. Methodology. This was a prospective study performed at the Ambulance for coloproctology at the Polyclinic of Clinical Center of Vojvodina. In the first phase evaluation of patients and medical records of colostomies between 1.9.2015-1.8.2016. at the Clinic for abdominal, endocrine and transplantation surgery in the Clinical Center of Vojvodina was performed. Patients who were selected were assessed for enrolment in the study. Participants anonymously fulfilled the questionnaire a month, three months and six months after the surgery. The study instrument comprised of several parts (sociodemographic data, quality of life assessment, body image scale, self esteem scale and Beck&rsquo;s depression inventory. Survey data were analysed in SPSS 18.0. Descriptive analysis included the total value expressed in absolute and relative numbers, mean values and standard deviation. The &chi;2 test, Man-Whitney test, Kruskal Wallis test, t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to test for difference between sub groups. For repeated measuring appropriate tests were performed. Results. Quality of life was statistical significantly improved three and six months after the surgery, comparing to a survey performed one month after colostomy. Body image scale and Self esteem scale also showed significantly higher values three and six months after colostomy, comparing to the first month. A month after the surgery percentage of participants with depressive symptoms was the highest (57.1%), but in the next phases of the survey significant decline was observed (41,1% three and 32,1% six months after the surgery). Conclusion. The lowest parameters were observed a months after the surgery, but they significantly improved three and six months later. Colostomy patients with depressive symptoms had significantly worst quality of life comparing to their peers without depressive symptoms.</p>

No description available.

Syfte: Att skapa lojala kunder i dagens samhälle har blivit allt mer komplext till följd av e-handelns framfart. Relationen mellan konsument och varumärke var förr fokuserad vid pris och kvalitet. På senare tid visar studier att området kring långvariga relationer är komplexare än så. Mer mjuka värden i form av emotionella faktorer har visat sig spela en avgörande roll i företagens strävan att skapa relationer och lönsamhet på längre sikt. Studiens syfte är att undersöka de emotionella faktorer som påverkar konsumenters varumärkeslojalitet och långvariga relationer. Metod: I studien används en kvantitativ metod där en enkätundersökning publiceras för sportintresserade konsumenter. Data kopplat till faktorerna varumärkeslojalitet, varumärkeskärlek, emotionell anknytning samt funktionalitet samlades in och analyserades med hjälp av en multipel regressionsanalys. Flera T-tester genomfördes även för att påvisa eventuella skillnader i varumärkeslojalitet mellan varumärken och generationer. Resultat &amp; slutsats: Resultatet av den multipla regressionsanalysen tyder på att det finns ett samband mellan varumärkeslojalitet och emotionell anknytning samt varumärkeskärlek. Vidare redovisas en skillnad i hur de olika varumärkena uppfattas när det kommer till emotionellt och funktionellt. Den yngre generationen visar även på en högre varumärkeslojalitet baserat på de två sportvarumärkena som undersöks. Teoretiskt- och praktiskt bidrag: Vårt bidrag till forskningen är att ge en bredare kunskap till det komplexa området som varumärkeslojalitet och långvariga relationer är. Få studier i Sverige har forskat kring de emotionella faktorerna som påverkar varumärkeslojalitet. På så sätt bidrar studien med relevant kunskap som företag och marknadsförare kan nyttja i verksamheterna. Fo¨rslag pa° framtida forskning: Studien avgränsar sig till den svenska sportbranschen där majoriteten av respondenterna befinner sig i 20-30 års ålder. Vidare forskning föreslår att nå ut till den äldre generationen för att påvisa eventuella skillnader i resultatet. I denna och tidigare studier undersöks kläder inom sportbranschen och lyxvarubranschen. Fortsatta studier rekommenderas att undersöka andra branscher och områden där livsmedelsbutiker ges som exempel. Vidare föreslås att ta in fler variabler som är direkt kopplade till varumärkeslojalitet. / Purpose: Creating loyal customers in today's society has become increasingly complex as a result of the progress of e-commerce. The relationship between consumer and brand used to be focused on price and quality. More recently, studies show that the field of long-term relationships is more complex than that. Softer values in the form of emotional factors have proven to play a decisive role in companies' efforts to create relationships and profitability in the longer term. The purpose of the study is to investigate the emotional factors that influence consumers' brand loyalty and long-term relationships. The language of the thesis is Swedish. Method: The study uses a quantitative method where a survey is published for consumers interested in sports. Data linked to the factors brand loyalty, brand love, emotional attachment and functionality were collected and analyzed using a multiple regression analysis. Several T-tests were also conducted to demonstrate any differences in brand loyalty between brands and generations. Results &amp; conclusions: The results of the multiple regression analysis indicate that there is a relationship between brand loyalty and emotional attachment as well as brand love. Furthermore, the study shows differences in how consumers perceive the brands in terms of their functional and emotional aspects. The younger generation also shows a higher brand loyalty based on the two sports brands used in the study. Theoretical and practical contribution: Our contribution to the research is to provide a broader knowledge to the complex area of brand loyalty and long-term relationships. Few studies in Sweden have researched the emotional factors that influence brand loyalty. In this way, the study contributes relevant knowledge that companies and marketers can use in their operations. Suggestions for future research: The study is limited to the Swedish sports industry where the majority of respondents are in their 20s and 30s. Further research suggests reaching out to the older generation to demonstrate any differences in outcome. In this and previous studies, clothing in the sports industry and the luxury goods industry is examined. Further studies are recommended to investigate other industries and areas where grocery stores are given as an example. Furthermore, it is suggested to include more variables that are directly linked to brand loyalty.