Les évolutions sociétales témoignent d’une prise en compte grandissante du concept de victime par le droit, et spécifiquement par le droit de la santé. Le droit de la santé est une branche du droit particulièrement riche et complexe dont l’expansion résulte à la fois d’une judiciarisation des professions de santé et d’une succession de scandales sanitaires. La transversalité du droit de la santé et l’appréhension évidente de la victime conduisent à souligner l’existence d’une relation particulière entre ces deux concepts. Néanmoins, il convient de se demander si le caractère épars des règles du droit de la santé permet d’accorder un statut juridique cohérent à la victime dans ce domaine. Si la recherche d’un statut juridique de la victime peut être entreprise, cela se justifie au regard de la spécificité que le droit de la santé semble lui accorder. La présente étude entreprend de démontrer l’existence d’une singularité de la victime dans le domaine de la santé, légitimant dans le même temps la recherche d’un statut juridique. L’assise de la spécificité de la victime réside dans l’attribution de cette qualité indépendamment de la réalisation d’un risque. La survenance d’un évènement constitue donc un critère temporel dont dépend la qualité de « victime avérée » ou celle de « victime potentielle ». La tangibilité du statut juridique de la victime en droit de la santé naît alors de la reconnaissance de sa singularité à travers la présente dichotomie / Evolutions of the society testify a growing awareness of the concept of victims by the law, and especially in Health Law. Health Law is a branch of law which is particularly rich and complex, and whose expansion results both from the judicialization of the health professions and from the succession of health scandals. The transversality of Health Law and its obvious apprehension of the victim lead to highlight the existence of a special relationship between these two concepts. However, the question is whether the scattered character of the Health Law rules assigns a coherent legal status to the victim in this area. If the search for the legal status of the victim can be undertaken, this can be justified by the specific nature of Health Law. The present study tries to demonstrate the existence of the singularity of the victim in the Health Law, while legitimating at the same time the search for the legal status. The foundation of the victim’s specificity lies in the attribution of this quality independently from the realization of a risk. The occurrence of an event constitutes therefore a temporal criterion on which depends the quality of “proved victim” or that of “potential victim”. The tangibility of the victims’ legal status in Health Law arises from the recognition of the singularity through the present dichotomy

The aim of this study was to examine how two different newspapers covered the disappearance and murder of Wilma Andersson. The research questions were: How are the victim and perpetrator portrayed? What differences and similarities can we see in national news media versus local news media, and how did the image of the victim and perpetrator change over the course of the coverage?   The method used was critical discourse analyses of 14 articles in the local newspaper Bohusläningen and the national tabloid Aftonbladet. By analysing the assigned characteristics from each source, it was determined that the victim, Wilma Andersson, was portrayed to the reader as a young and innocent girl. She was described as caring, responsible and ambitious. She was depicted as a girl with a bright future and love of life. The local newspaper labeled her as a part of the community, while the national tabloid focused on describing her character through family members. The perpetrator, Tishko Ahmed, was portrayed as a cold and sinister man who was indifferent to Wilma Andersson’s disappearance and death. However, early on in the national tabloid’s coverage he was also described as an everyday man. The local newspaper was more prone to cover the story in a neutral manner, while the national tabloid dramatized the event to a greater extent. Our study shows that the geographical distance between the newspaper and the place of the crime scene is the main factor in the differences between the portrayals of the people involved. The closer the newspaper is to the crime scene, the closer they are to people who knew the victim and perpetrator. This results in the newspaper being more cautious in how they cover the story.

Ce mémoire a pour objectif d’étudier si les trois protagonistes dans la pièce de théâtre Huisclos, écrite par Jean-Paul Sartre en 1944, sont sous l’emprise d’un jeu relationnel, notammentle Triangle Dramatique de Karpman. Un Triangle Dramatique se compose de trois rôles, uneVictime, un Persécuteur et un Sauveur. L’essence du Triangle Dramatique est de déstabiliserl’autre et de répéter des scénarios de vie souvent dysfonctionnels mis en place tôt dans la vie. / The objective of this research is to study whether the three protagonists in the theatre play NoExit (Huis clos), written by Jean Paul Sartre in 1944, are influenced by a relationship game, in this case Karpman’s Drama Triangle. The Drama Triangle consists of three roles, a Victim, aPersecutor, and a Rescuer. The essence of the Drama Triangle is to destabilise others, accordingto a life script that is often dysfunctional and set early in life.

This master's tesis reconstructs a process of the violent intimate relationship. It focuses on the autobiography and the active narrative interviews. On the basis of the reconstruction of the violent relationship it describes types of the acts of the aggressor regarding its impact on the relationship status. By generalization, it proposses a new categories of the violent acts and it compares it with the theoretical framework. By identification of each type of the violent acts it determines a phases of the violent relationship. It uses the framework of multiple phases to describe the identity shift of the victims. By this framework it relativizes some particularities of the theoretical knowledge of the domestic violence. It further describes the identity shifts of the victim using Herbert Mead', Erving Goffman' and Anthony Giddens' theories. It uses a parallel between the Goffman's concept of the total institution and the violent intimate relationships. It describes it's similarities based on the similar methods of the changing of the identity. It shows the dual character of the methods of the identity change: The active opression by the aggressor and the passive consequences of the state of being in the violent relationship characterized by the values transformation and the surrender before the...

No description available.

Med ett diskursteoretiskt förhållningssätt ämnar den här studien att studera hur kvinnors våld mot män framställs diskursivt i svensk press. Mer specifikt kommer besvara följande frågor att besvaras: “Hur framställs kvinnors våld mot män?”, “Hur framställs män som blivit utsatta för våld av en kvinnlig partner?” och “Hur framställs kvinnor som utövar våld mot en manlig partner?”. För att besvara dessa frågor har trettiofem artiklar från svensk press under åren 2015 till 2020 analyserats med hjälp av en foucauldiansk diskursanalys. Analysens fokus ligger på val av formulering och hur kvinnors våld mot män framställs. Utifrån analysen framträdde tre diskurser: “Det avvikande våldet”, “Det otillåtna offerskapet” samt ”Den sjuka kvinnan”. “Det avvikande våldet” visar att kvinnors våld mot män ses som något ovanligt. “Det otillåtna offerskapet” skapas genom att männen som utsätts för våld inte vill ses som offer, liksom att omgivningen har svårt att se dem som det. “Den sjuka kvinnan” visar att kvinnan som utövar våldet ofta framställs som sjuk. / This study aims to study women’s violence against men with a discourses theoretic approach. More specifically the following questions will be answered: “How is women’s violence against men portrayed?”, “How are men who are subjected to violence by a female partner portrayed?” and “How are women who use violence against a male partner portrayed?”. To answer these questions, thirty-five articles from Swedish media, from 2015 to 2020, was analyzed with a discourse theoretic approach. The focus in the analysis was choice of formulation and how women's violence against men was portrayed. Three discourses emerged: “The deviant violence”, “The illegitimate victimization” and “The sick woman”. “The deviant violence” shows that women’s violence against men is seen as something unusual. “The illegitimate victimization” is created when the man who is subjected to violence does not want to be seen as a victim, as well as the surroundings having a hard time seeing him as such.  “The sick woman” shows a woman who uses violence because she is ill.

The research objective of this diploma theses is to deeply understand the proces of policy change in the field of prevention and fight against domestic violence in the Czech republic. The aim of the research part of the theses is to identify the main resources and factors of the policy and belief change, which determine the policies in the field of prevention and fight against the domestic violence. This means the orientation among key policy change actors and identification of advocacy coalitions that enforced policy changes. The research design was case study based on the semistructured interviews with experts and key actors. The Advocacy Coalition Framework has proved to be useful in drawing attention to the notion of changing values and belies systems as key source of policy change. It also highlighted the need to take into account factors external to the policy subsystem under investigation. Potential usefulness of the Framework can be found in further application to the field of human rights issues in the Czech republic.

My dissertation Alternatives of Home Violence Settling deals with various alternatives of how the home violence problems can be settled. The introductory chapter goes through the professional interpretation of the home violence term as well as causes, forms and specific signs of this violence type, being followed by description of its consequences and the myths which have gained a foothold in the general public. The home violence is characterized as a long-term, repeated and escalating physical, mental, or sexual cruelty to persons living in the common household; it takes place between close persons, adult family members, or also life partners. The victims, being exposed to long-term violence, lost their self-confidence, however, their fear and confusion increase; they also suffer from a good many various symptoms as depression, shame, decline of general state of health, or increased suicidal behavior. Chapter two focuses on the characterization of the home violence victims and delinquests as well. As to the victims, these can be everybody, irrespective of their education, age, social position or economic situation - women, seniors and handicapped persons as well as men. The home violence occurs between adult partners, spouses, parents and their children, but also between young and aged persons. Chapter...

Diploma thesis Batterer intervention programs as a way of increasing an effectiveness of prevention of domestic violence on women in the Czech Republic deals with the issue of domestic violence against women and its impact on the Czech state budget. On example of the impact of domestic violence on children as witnesses of this violence, I try to explain that through strengthening a prevention of domestic violence (public awareness, programs for children and therapeutic work with perpetrators) the economic impact could be reduce. The main aim of this study is to define all economic losses associated with domestic violence against women, describe how is domestic violence solved by government and whether this solution reflects the high risk of transmitting of violent patterns from parent to child. Aims of the study focuses on the economic losses associated with domestic violence against women dealing with domestic violence by the state and abroad reflection of good practice. Domestic violence is a serious social problem that we encounter in most cultures. It could happen in all socio-economic strata, regardless of age or race. According to international research (International against Women Survey, 2002 - 2003) we could conclude that 22 - 40 % of women had experienced during his life domestic. In...

(in English): The aim of the work was to describe the experience of the providers of assistance to victims of crime with the use of the law in their practice. The experience and the views of the providers were obtained in the form of a questionnaire survey. As a source of data for addressing service has been utilized to view all registered entities providing their services to the victims of the crimes on the web site of the Ministry of justice. The work was focused on the practical application of selected provisions of act no. 45/2013 Coll. and from its results revealed that providers in your practice are finding that the provisions relating to particularly vulnerable victims, are defined too narrowly. Also the communication between the provider and the police is not yet ideally set.