The purpose of this study, But Assessment Equals Grades, is to understand how the phenomenon of assessment is constructed in conversations between secondary school pupils on the topics of assessment and rubrics. The analysis is based on the following research questions: What discourses about assessment emerge in pupils' talks about assessment and rubrics? How can these discourses be understood in relation to contradictory administrative and didactic purposes? The data collection was done through group discussions with pupils on study preparation programs at two secondary schools. The conversations have been transcribed and then analyzed using Norman Fairclough's critical discourse analysis model. Three discourses are examined through the survey: an administrative assessment discourse, a disciplinary assessment discourse and a pedagogical assessment discourse. In the administrative discourse, assessment is calculated as summative grades and as a selection tool for future studies. The disciplinary discourse of the assessment articulates the pupils' place within the school's institutional framework in the context of success in obtaining high marks, while the pedagogical assessment discourse represents the focus groups' reproduction of assessment for learning. The result of the study shows the hegemonic dominance of administrative and disciplinary discourses over the pedagogical assessment discourse. This is interpreted as an expression of the fact that several assessment traditions are executed in Swedish secondary schools and that an ideological market model, New Public Management, through an increasingly centralized performance management, affects school discursive practitioners, in this case the pupils' understanding of the phenomenon of assessment.

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2017-07-17T14:58:15Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO (2014-11-24) ANDREIA CRISTINA LIRA DA SILVA.pdf: 1347735 bytes, checksum: 9965f98d773643d173bd4ea5c3b34bee (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-17T14:58:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO (2014-11-24) ANDREIA CRISTINA LIRA DA SILVA.pdf: 1347735 bytes, checksum: 9965f98d773643d173bd4ea5c3b34bee (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-11-24 / Esse estudo é estimulado pela importância da pesquisa em órgãos públicos referentes à inovação na gestão de pessoas e ao papel da liderança nesse processo. O estudo se concentra nos aspectos centrais que conduzem, conforme a literatura, a qualidade na gestão de pessoas, e os pressupostos que direcionam a pesquisa a um mapeamento do contexto vivenciado nessas gestões. Assim, a pesquisa bibliográfica apresenta uma sistematização de princípios relativos à investigação que se propõe. Essa sistematização constituiu-se em elemento básico para a tomada de decisão sobre a elaboração do questionário de pesquisa, bem como para relacionar, através de argumentos de autores, cada uma das realidades encontradas. Os dados coletados permitiram evidenciar: 1. Os efeitos da administração gerencial no Brasil, seus acertos e equívocos; 2. As consequências nas gestões de cargos de confiança, de livre indicação, sem prévia análise de currículos; 3. A divergência de entendimento e aplicação da liderança dos gestores de gestão de pessoas; 4. O desconhecimento da aprendizagem organizacional, para o processo de inovação; 5. O esforço, tímido, da gestão pública em direção à inovação da gestão de pessoas; 6. As práticas inovadoras de gestão de pessoas. Considerando essas conclusões principais, o trabalho apresenta um capítulo de recomendações gerenciais que busca colaborar com a melhoria da realidade encontrada. / This study is stimulated by the importance of management public related to innovation in people management and the leadership role in this process. The study focuses on the key aspects that lead, according to the literature, the quality in people management, and assumptions that guide the search to a mapping of the context in these efforts. Thus, the literature brings a systematization of principles governing the investigation that intends. This systematization constituted in basic element for decision making on the development of the research questionnaire and to relate, using arguments of authors, each of the realities found. The collected data have highlighted: 1. The effects of management in Brazil, their successes and mistakes; 2. The consequences of efforts in positions of trust, of free statement, without prior review of curricula; 3. The divergence of understanding and application of leadership of people management managers; 4. Lack of organizational learning, the process of innovation; 5. The effort, shy, public management towards the innovation of people management; 6. Innovative practices in people management. Considering these key findings, the paper presents a chapter of management recommendations that seeks contribute to the improvement of found reality.

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2016-06-15T15:07:31Z No. of bitstreams: 7 Daniela Almeida Bittencourt_Elementos pre-textuais.pdf: 76357 bytes, checksum: 186184703c230fa00a4567046a2e7bed (MD5) Daniela Almeida Bittencourt_Introducao.pdf: 145669 bytes, checksum: 93383ea134d9455f4d11c8e151a533a9 (MD5) Daniela Almeida Bittencourt_Capitulo 1.pdf: 285982 bytes, checksum: 21fff0dea2d3fca9fbdd296251522b6b (MD5) Daniela Almeida Bittencourt_Capitulo 2.pdf: 322967 bytes, checksum: 400ce73f28650bab4554851531281460 (MD5) Daniela Almeida Bittencourt_Capitulo 3.pdf: 219411 bytes, checksum: 4198e3459db94bb042870163f547490d (MD5) Daniela Almeida Bittencourt_Conclusao.pdf: 138084 bytes, checksum: 106480a0db63cf0e983357796d771261 (MD5) Daniela Almeida Bittencourt_Referencias Bibliograficas.pdf: 154420 bytes, checksum: cecb06efc06465f081fc6870046adbe9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-15T15:07:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 7 Daniela Almeida Bittencourt_Elementos pre-textuais.pdf: 76357 bytes, checksum: 186184703c230fa00a4567046a2e7bed (MD5) Daniela Almeida Bittencourt_Introducao.pdf: 145669 bytes, checksum: 93383ea134d9455f4d11c8e151a533a9 (MD5) Daniela Almeida Bittencourt_Capitulo 1.pdf: 285982 bytes, checksum: 21fff0dea2d3fca9fbdd296251522b6b (MD5) Daniela Almeida Bittencourt_Capitulo 2.pdf: 322967 bytes, checksum: 400ce73f28650bab4554851531281460 (MD5) Daniela Almeida Bittencourt_Capitulo 3.pdf: 219411 bytes, checksum: 4198e3459db94bb042870163f547490d (MD5) Daniela Almeida Bittencourt_Conclusao.pdf: 138084 bytes, checksum: 106480a0db63cf0e983357796d771261 (MD5) Daniela Almeida Bittencourt_Referencias Bibliograficas.pdf: 154420 bytes, checksum: cecb06efc06465f081fc6870046adbe9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-12 / The present study, entitled Principle of efficiency: between management model and republican values, aims to reflect about the construction of the bureaucratic model of public administration and its questioning proposed by influence of new public management, in the Director Plan of State Apparatus Reform, responsible for the enunciation of efficiency as a principle on the 1988 Constitution. Therefore, by using hypothetical-deductive method, it promotes an approach on different models of public management, according to its historical context. It focuses on the transition from patrimonial practices of the Brazilian Old Republic, where there was lack of distinction between public and private spheres, and the subsequent development of the bureaucratic model from the thirties. It is expected to contribute with a critical analysis of some points of the proposed management model of efficiency, given its inspiration in private practices and neoliberalism, as for the efficiency principle can also be shaped by other values guaranteed by 1988 Constitution. / O presente estudo, intitulado Princípio da eficiência: entre o modelo gerencial e os valores republicanos, objetiva refletir acerca da construção do modelo burocrático de gestão pública e de seu questionamento pela proposta gerencial, responsável pela positivação do princípio da eficiência na Constituição, conforme influência dos preceitos da New Public Management presentes no Plano Diretor de Reforma do Aparelho do Estado. Para tanto, promove, com o emprego do método hipotético-dedutivo, uma abordagem acerca dos diferentes modelos de gestão pública em função de sua contextualização histórica. Foca na transição das práticas patrimonialistas, presentes na República Velha, em que havia indistinção entre as noções de público e privado e no desenvolvimento posterior do modelo burocrático, a partir da década de 30. Espera-se contribuir para o debate com a análise crítica de alguns pontos da proposta de eficiência do modelo gerencial, haja vista sua inspiração nas práticas privadas e no neoliberalismo, para que o princípio seja também modelado pelos demais valores assegurados pela Constituição de 1988.

Syftet med denna praktiknära studie är att synliggöra diskurser och menings erbjudanden som framträder när elever beskriver sina erfarenheter av ett mål- och resultatstyrt arbetssätt och vilka förhållningssätt till lärande som utkristalliseras bland dem. Studien har genomförts vid ett gymnasium i norra Sverige där 30 elever från årskurs två vid studieförberedande program har deltagit i sex olika fokusgruppintervjuer. Materialet har analyserats med hjälp av Faircloughs tredimensionella diskursanalys. Resultatet visar att det i skolans diskursiva praktik finns en högt rankad mätbarhetsdiskurs där situationsbunden kunskap inte har samma status och där det pågår en diskursiv kamp mellan mål- ochresultatstyrning och sociokulturell lärandetradition. En framträdande diskurs är bedömningsdiskursen som generar ett performativt förhållningssätt hos elever. När kunskapskrav kommuniceras i samband med olika uppgifter framträder ett meningserbjudande att elever kan välja betygsnivå beroende på tid, ork och motivation. I sin strävan att nå vald betygsnivå genererar diskursen om instruktioner och feedback ett attraktivt meningserbjudande om att följa det goda exemplet. Studiens resultat uppmärksammar även en diskursiv kamp mellanbedömnings diskursen och diskursen om ett livslångt lärande.

In this study, a multimodal textual analysis is performed on marketing materials from twoupper secondary schools, one public school and one private school, in a medium sized town inSweden. This marketing material is sent out to all pupils at the age of 15 in preparation for theupcoming school selection. The study focuses on three main questions: how the materialsdiffer between the schools, what multimodal resources are prevalent in the material, and ifthere is textual evidence in the material that would indicate admission from a specific type ofpupil. The results show that the public school is marketing itself to a wider extent than theprivate school, which goes against previous research on the topic. Further, the multimodalresources are shown to function as a guide for the reader through the material in a preferredreading pattern, which in the case of the private school leads the reader away from thespecific information of the program. Lastly, the results show that, in the case for the privateschool, a student that already is aware of their capabilities in social sciences is depicted. Interms of the public school, a similar student is sought after, however, the student template isnot described as rigidly.

The economization of public administration and an increased interest in statistics, through requirements of evaluation and measurability, has contributed to the questioning of the public library in modern society. For public librarians this development has contributed to an increased focus on the needs of the library user, combined with an overall practice prioritizing service and marketing. This thesis presents language as fundamental for the understanding of social reality, through the use of language within the frames of discourses, and therefore in the pattern of action that constitutes the institution of the public library. It is consequently, against this background, important for librarians to understand how language that maintains and affects practices of the public library institution is expressed. In order to distinguish the discourse within which the public library institution is constructed, this thesis analyses five interviews from public librarians and the descriptions of their practices and the societal role of the public library. A qualitative research approach is applied and semi-structured interviews and discourse analysis are used as research methods, to collect and analyse the empirical material of this thesis respectively. The analysis is conducted with the support from theoretical tools, consisting of central concepts from the fundamental theories of the thesis; the post-structural perspective and the neo-institutional perspective. The key findings is the dominant discourse and how this constitutes the construction of the public library, based on models from the private sector, and the potential within the institution itself to change this narrative.

The purpose of the thesis is to identify if and how specific institutional logics are expressed in municipal disability care, and if so, answer if the multiple logics create tension or coherence. The research is motivated by the critique aimed towards market influences in Swedish public services, and also by the fact that disability care is understudied. With inspiration from grounded theory the institutional logics perspective, consisting of a market logic (NPM) and aclient logic focused on the individuals receiving care, has developed over time. More correctly, the thesis has an abductive approach since the analysis has progressed from switching between theory and empirical data. The results from the case study show that both a NPM-logic and a client logic is present in Malmö’s municipal disability care, both in managing documents and in practical work. The NPM-logic conveys through goal management, quality work and administrative tasks. The client logic is expressed by a will to include disabled individuals, civic participation in decision making, dialogue and client-focused approach. Lastly, both tension and coherence is identified between present logics. For reasons of space, somewhat simplified; goal management creates tensions through centralized goals, but coherence through decentralized goals. Quality work creates tension since it focuses on measurement which excludes other perspectives. At the same time coherence is identified as clients impact decision making. Lastly, tension is identified through the administrative burden - first-line-managers get no time for clients. Coherence is identified through operative coworkers perspective since the administrative tasks do not affect the time spent with clients. Future studies can aim towards certain aspects in-depth, such as the consequences of identified tensions.

Controllers i olika verksamheter arbetar med frågor inom ekonomistyrning. Arbetsuppgifterna kan däremot vara diffusa och svåra att konstatera, speciellt då controllers idag existerar inom både den offentliga och privata sektorn. Dagens controller arbetar på ett annorlunda sätt idag jämfört med dåtidens controller tack vare den utveckling yrket genomgått. Den nyblivna decentraliseringen inom organisationerna har bidragit till att controlleryrket behövt anpassa sig i form av annan arbetsfördelning. Förändringen har fått betydande effekt för yrket både inom den privata- och offentliga sektorn i samband med den digitalisering som präglar arbetet idag. Skillnader och likheter mellan de två sektorerna kan idag konstateras genom att främst observera controllers sätt att arbete inom dessa sektorer. Inom dessa arbetsuppgifter finns det olika controllers med olika fokusområden som beror på vilken del av processen controllern agerar mest inom. Vid denna studie har det fastställts att två av dessa roller appliceras mest, där den oberoende controllerrollen är överrepresenterad inom den offentliga sektorn medan den involverade controllerrollen blir av majoritet inom den privata sektorn. Syftet med studien är att jämföra och redogöra för hur controllerfunktionen ser ut i ett antal verksamheter för att se eventuella skillnader och liknelser mellan privata och kommunala verksamheter samt se hur yrket utvecklats inom respektive sektor de senaste 40 åren. Genom intervjuer har det undersökts hur controllers inom både privat och offentlig sektor arbetar med olika frågor aktuella för yrket men också hur de ser på den utveckling som skett. Slutsatsen visar att yrket skiljer sig mellan de olika sektorerna, primärt i hur arbetet kring lönsamhet prioriteras och definieras i form av resultat eller samhällsnytta, samtidigt som likheter syns i form av arbetsuppgifter då New Public Management präglat den offentliga sektorn till att bli mer lik den privata.

The BC Liberal New Era was an intense and often controversial period in the province's political history. One day after being sworn into office with a massive majority, Premier Gordon Campbell announced a 25 percent personal income tax cut, potentially relinquishing one billion dollars in tax revenue. Seven weeks later, Campbell and his Finance Minister followed up with another billion in business and corporate tax cuts. Based on the apparent success of tax cuts in provinces like Ontario, where tax cuts coincided with very strong economic growth, they believed tax cuts in 2001 would prove efficacious despite sharply declining economic indices. Cautionary advice was dismissed and tax cuts quickly translated into a $4.4 billion deficit and deep expenditure reductions for ministries other than Health, Education, and Advanced Education. Their decision proved to be a compelling, real-world example of prescription before diagnosis. The 2001/02 fiscal year sawonly 0.6 percent economic growth, much as the Ministry of Finance had predicted, not the 3.8 percent growth anticipated by the Premier and Finance Minister. An overall $4.4 billion deficit quickly translated into deep expenditure reductions for ivministries other thanHealth, Education, or Advanced Education. The latter ministries accounted for seventy percentof BC’s budget and were protected from cuts by a campaign commitment.Resource ministries were hit hard with cuts of up to 45 percent but could not come close to filling the budgethole. The New Era thus offers a second and stark example of prescriptionbefore diagnosis: the belief that social ministries could also manage deep budget cuts without detrimental consequences to the disadvantaged and vulnerable clients they served.Long before tax cut optimism began to fade, Campbell introduced an array of processes –like core review, deregulation, devolution,and alternative service delivery –drawn from other jurisdictions and, indirectly, from the tenets of New Public Management. Those processes were clearly designed to foster smaller government, prompting a critical question:was the introduction of dramatic tax cuts into a recessionary environment intended to produce aself-induced crisis, thereby underlining the imperative of austerity? My dissertation supportsthat suggestion, butalso concludes that the “burning platform” became a far greater conflagration than its authors anticipated. The BC Liberal New Era campaignplatform’s ambitious social policy agenda was consequently sacrificed to sustain its economic agenda. The New Era campaign document aimed to maximize voter appeal by promising “everything at the same time”and similar expectations drove New Era processes.Ministries were obliged to deliver on process goals as well asexpensive New Era platform commitments while simultaneously cutting staff and programs. Confronted by seemingly endless and intractable problems, ministries looked nationally and internationally for policy experience that might inform provincial solutions. Policy transfer produced mixed results. The New Era experience suggests that the frequency and intensity of process demands –compounded by budget-driven resource attrition –inhibited rather than fostered policy success. / Graduate / 2020-12-04

Forskning har visat att läraryrket har högre arbetsbelastning än andra undersökta yrkesgrupper. Det beror på att resursbegränsningar och andra sysslor tar för mycket tid från lärares huvudsyssla. En annan källa till lärares höga nivåer av arbetsbelastning är hot och våld på arbetsplatsen. Syftet med studien är att ge en inblick i lärare och pedagogers arbetsmiljö och bidra med kunskap om hot och våld i skolan. Studiens frågeställningar är: 1) Vilka erfarenheter har lärare och pedagoger av hot och våld i skolan? 2) Hur beskriver lärare och pedagoger sin arbetsmiljö? 3) Hur hanterar lärare och pedagoger hot och våld i skolan? För att besvara dessa frågeställningar genomfördes semi-strukturerade intervjuer med 10 deltagare som är verksamma inom kommunala grundskolor med högstadium. Det empiriska materialet presenteras tematiskt och analyseras utifrån teorierna New Public Management, Känsloarbete och Coping. Resultatet visade att deltagarna har erfarenheter av hot och våld i skolan. Trots det beskriver många att arbetsmiljön är bra. Lärare och pedagoger hanterar hot och våld med känsloarbete och copingstrategier som manifesteras genom bland annat förminskning och normalisering av händelser. Studiens resultat var överlag i linje med vad tidigare forsknings hittat, däremot ansåg deltagarna att individanpassad skolgång var en positiv utveckling vilket gick emot tidigare forskningsresultat.