Unmasking the heroes: sources of power in Afrikaner mythologising is a personal, visual and theoretical exploration of the underlying sources of power which governed the development of Afrikaner nationalism, particularly the years spanning the late 1980s and the early 1990s. The practical work, a series of drawings and relief cut-outs, sets out to unmask the beliefs, customs, traditions and attitudes particular to Afrikaner culture. It does so through the processes of deconstruction and reconstruction of selected mass mediated images whereby different symbolic paradigms are juxtaposed through the devices of collage and allegory to uncover layers of meaning. This art-making approach was informed by theoretical and visual research into the tradition of Western mythology, including related topics such as linguistics, psychology and sociology, Afrikaner history and historiography, and the mechanisms of contemporary cultural reproduction, particularly the South African mass media and fine arts. / History of Art and Fine Arts / M.A. (History of Art and Fine Arts)

The dissertation deals with the topic of managing and experiencing stressful (extraordi-nary) situations in teaching in connection with selected teachers' personality traits. The thesis has a theoretical-empirical character. Its theoretical part presents some basic know?ledge related to the topics relevant to the processed issues (teacher's profession, persona?lity, motivation, emotion, workload and stress in the teaching profession context, selected teaching methods and organizational forms, recommendations for effective teaching and learning difficulties solutions, basics of artefacts symbolic interpretation). The aim of the research described in the empirical part of the thesis is to obtain the detailed information about the experience of difficult situations in teaching and the possibilities of their man?agement in connection with the personality structure of the selected teachers. The re?search was carried out in the mixed methods design. His qualitative part contains a multiple? case study (semi-structured interviews were conducted with six lower se?condary school teachers, their teaching was observed, an interview about their thematic collage on the theme Me as a teacher in all its positions and roles was conducted, and the same questionnaires were applied as for the quantitative part of the survey) and some open coded interviews about the thematic collages. In the quantitative research section, the data from four questionnaires were evaluated the orientation questionnaire for detecting stress in teachers by Henning and Keller (1996), the Stress Management Stra?tegies SVF 78 (Janke & Erdmann, 2003), the Freiburg Personality Inventory (Kollárik, Poliaková, & Ritomsky, 1984) and a questionnaire of our own design contains open questions. Most of the participants in the research study experience extraordinary situa?tions in their teaching, which usually cause unpleasant emotions and affect their teaching negatively. Particular relationships between personality characteristics and the teaching of the participants have been found. Respondents did not show a higher level of psychoso?matic disturbance, emotional lability, depressivity or neuroticity compared to the com?mon population. Neither between the level of stress feelings and the age or length of practice, no statistically significant relationship has been found. On the contrary, the male self-description and the adaptive burden management showed a mutually significant con?nection. Also, a higher level of stress impact in physical aspect of women compared to men proved to be statistically significant.

This thesis investigates possible connections between the music of Erik Satie (1866-1925) and the later surrealist movement, turning to Parade (1917) in a case study that seeks to understand surrealism in music through the idea of self-exploration, a well-established interpretive approach in studies of surrealism in the visual arts. This thesis seeks to redefine surrealism in music not as a set of concrete musical characteristics, but as a collection of techniques meant to evoke subconscious turbulence by blurring the boundary between the "outside" and "inside," between conscious and subconscious, leading to a new discovery of higher or deeper truth. Satie's music aligns with the psychoanalytic elements of the discourse on surrealism. Psychoanalysis, pioneered by Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) and his followers in the 1890s in Vienna, permeated France around the time of the creation of the work. It inspired early surrealist techniques like automatism, illusory formal structures, collage, and stylistic allusion. This thesis demonstrates that such techniques can be discerned throughout Parade, not only in Satie's music, but also in its scenario, staging, costumes, and choreography. As such, Parade was a foundational work for the surrealist movement, with Satie's music contributing with the other media equally to the emotional and psychological impact of the ballet.

This study explores the subjective experiences of mothers living with HIV from Southeastern Ontario when accessing health and social services. Drawing on principles of feminist participatory action research, 5 MLWH were brought together in order to share their stories of accessing health and social services and to participate in the creation of a collage as part of the storytelling process. Intersectional feminist theory was chosen as a theoretical lens for this project to highlight the ways women’s multiple identities intersect and contribute to HIV-stigma. Emerging from the storytelling and arts based process were stories about the women’s interactions with the criminal justice system, Children’s Aid Societies, social welfare programs and women-specific supports. The key concerns that the women raised in connection to these interactions included having to re-tell their story, concerns about confidentiality and disclosure and experiencing a loss of control as a result of depending on a myriad of health and social services. In addition, the participants identified changes they would like to see within health/social services including more opportunities for peer support and an increase in services available to support the unique psychosocial challenges of MLWH. / Thesis / Master of Social Work (MSW)

Le contexte de cette thèse couvre les dispositifs photoniques hybrides III-V sur silicium. L’étude porte sur l’intégration par collage de matériau à base d'InP sur le silicium, puis la conception d’un guide optique comportant une nanostructuration qui permettra la sélection en longueur d’onde dans un laser DFB hybride. Enfin, on étudie les étapes technologiques de fabrication d’un laser hybride injecté électriquement fonctionnant dans le domaine spectral 1.55µm, et on caractérise les dispositifs. Pour associer les matériaux III-V sur Si, nous avons développé le collage sans couche intermédiaire que l’on nomme collage hétéroépitaxial ou oxide-free. Ce collage est reporté dans la littérature comme présentant une meilleure qualité électrique. Nous avons établi les conditions de préparation permettant d’obtenir des surfaces parfaitement désoxydées, et les conditions de recuit conduisant à une interface hybride sans oxyde et sans dislocation. Mais ce recuit est réalisé à température assez élevée (~450-500°C). Nous avons alors développé le collage avec une fine couche intermédiaire d’oxyde réalisé à plus faible température -300°C- qui présente l'avantage d'être compatible avec la technologie CMOS. Nous avons étudié différentes approches pour élaborer et activer une couche d’oxyde très fine (~3nm), de façon à obtenir une surface collée sans zones localement non collées. Le collage est dans les deux cas réalisé sous vide dans un équipement de type Bonder Suss SB6e. La qualité structurale de l’interface a été observée par STEM et la qualité mécanique du joint de collage a été caractérisée par indentation. Une méthode originale de mesure quantitative et locale de l’énergie du joint de collage a été développée. La qualité optique des couches collées a été étudiée par la mesure de la photoluminescence de puits quantiques placés proches du joint d’interface. En conséquence du collage sans couche intermédiaire ou avec une couche très fine, le design du mode optique est de type double-cœur, qui ne nécessite pas de taper. Le guide optique Si est de type shallow ridge, le confinement latéral étant assuré par un matériau nanostructuré à une période sub-longueur d’onde. Ce matériau fonctionne comme un matériau effectif uniaxe pour lequel on a calculé les indices optiques ordinaire et extraordinaire selon la géométrie de la nanostructuration. On peut rajouter sur cette nanostructuration une super-périodicité qui conduit à un fonctionnement sélectif en longueur d’onde. Le comportement modal du guide est simulé à l'aide du logiciel COMSOL Multiphysics, le comportement spectral est simulé par FTDT 3D. Nous avons validé la pertinence de ce design en mesurant la transmission de guides hybrides. Ce design sera inclus dans un laser et permettra d’obtenir une émission monofréquence de type DFB. Nous avons développé les étapes technologiques nécessaires à la fabrication d’un laser hybride à base d'InP sur Silicium fonctionnant en injection électrique. Nous avons mis en oeuvre de nombreuses techniques, et développé plusieurs procédés spécifiques, en particulier, des procédés de gravure sèche de type Inductive Coupled Plasma Reactive Ion Etching ICP-RIE pour la gravure de la nanostructuration dans le silicium, et pour la gravure du mésa du laser. La présence des 2 matériaux III-V et Si dans le dispositif hybride rend ces étapes complexes. Les premiers résultats peuvent être améliorés en optimisant la technologie des contacts. Un design permettant de s’affranchir de la pénalité thermique présenté par tous les dispositifs ayant les 2 contacts électriques du coté du matériau III-V a été proposé, exploitant le passage du courant à l’interface hybride III-V / Si, ce qui est possible dans le cas du collage oxide-free. Cette approche ouvre des perspectives d’intégration au-delà de la photonique. / This work contributes to the general context of III-V materials on Silicon hybrid devices for optical integrated functions, mainly emission/amplification at 1.55µm. Devices are considered for operation under electrical injection, reaching performances relevant for data transfer application. The main three contributions of this work concern: (i) bonding InP-based materials on Si, (ii) nanostructuration of the Si guiding layer for spatial and spectral control of the guided mode and (iii) technology of an hybrid electrically injected laser, with a special attention to the thermal budget. Bonding has been investigated following two approaches. The first one we call heterohepitaxial or oxide-free bonding, is performed without any intermediate layer at a temperature ~450°C. This approach has the great advantage allowing electrical transport across the interface, as reported in the literature. We have developed oxide-free surface preparation for both materials, mainly InP-based layers, and established bonding parameter processing. An in-depth STEM and RX structural characterization has demonstrated an oxide-free reconstructed interface without any dislocation except on one or two atomic layers which accommodate the large lattice mismatch (8.1%) between InP and Si. Photoluminescence of quantum wells intentionally grown close to the interface has shown no degradation. We have also developed an oxide-based bonding process operated at 300°C in order to be compatible with CMOS processing. The original ozone activation of the very thin (~5nm) oxide layer we have proposed demonstrates a bonding surface without any unbonded area due to degassing under annealing. We have developed an original method based on nanoindentation characterization in order to obtain a quantitative and local value of the surface bonding energy. Related to the absence or to the very thin intermediate layer between the two materials, our modal design is based on a double core structure, where most of the optical mode is confined in the Si guiding layer, and no taper is required. The Si waveguide on top of the SOI stack is a shallow ridge. A nanostructured material on both sides of the waveguide core ensures the lateral confinement, the nanostructuration geometry being at a sub-wavelength period in order to operate this material well below its photonic gap. It behaves as an uniaxial material with ordinary and extraordinary indices calculated according to the structuration geometry. Such a structuration allows modal and spectral control of the guided mode. 3D modal and spectral simulation have been performed. We have demonstrated, on a double-period structuration, a wavelength selective operation of hybrid optical waveguides. Such a double-period geometry could be included in a laser design for DFB operation. This nanostructuration has larger potential application such as coupled waveguides arrays or selective resonators. We have developed all the technological processing steps for an electrically injected hybrid laser fabrication. Main developments concern dry etching, performed with the Inductive Coupled Plasma Reactive Ion Etching ICP-RIE technique of both the nanostructuration of the Silicon material, and the mesa of the hybrid laser. Efficient electrical contacts fabrication is also a complex step. First lasers operating performances could be improved. We have investigated a specific design in order to overcome the thermal penalty encountered by all the hybrid devices. This penalty is due to the thick buried oxide layer of the SOI stack that prevents heating related to the current flow to be dissipated. Taking advantage of the electrical transport we have shown at the oxide-free interface, we propose a design where the n-contact is defined on the guiding Si layer, suppressing thermal heating under electrical operation. Such an approach is very promising for densely packed hybrid devices integrated with associated electronic driving elements on Si.

Mash-Ups (auch Bootlegging, Bastard Pop oder Collage genannt) erfreuen sich seit Jahren steigender Beliebtheit. Waren es zu Beginn der 1990er Jahre meist nur 2 unterschiedliche Popsongs, deren Gesangs- und Instrumentenspuren in Remixform ineinander gemischt wurden, existieren heute Multi-Mash-Ups mit mehreren Dutzend gemixten und gesampelten Songs, Interpreten, Videosequenzen und Effekten. Eine Herausforderung stellt die Kombination unterschiedlichster Stile dar, diese zu neuen tanzbaren Titeln aus den Charts zu mischen. Das Mash-Up Projekt Pop Danthology z.B. enthält in einem knapp 6 minütigen aktuellen Musikclip 68 verschiedene Interpreten, u. a. Bruno Mars, Britney Spears, Rhianna und Lady Gaga. Die Verwendung und das Sampeln fremder Musik- und Videotitel kann eine Urheberrechtsverletzung darstellen. Die Komponisten des Titels „Nur mir“ mit Sängerin Sabrina Setlur unterlagen in einem Rechtsstreit, der bis zum BGH führte. Sie haben im Zuge eines Tonträger-Samplings, so der BGH , in das Tonträgerherstellerrecht der Kläger (Musikgruppe Kraftwerk) eingegriffen, in dem sie im Wege des „Sampling“ zwei Takte einer Rhythmussequenz des Titels „Metall auf Metall“ entnommen und diese im eigenen Stück unterlegt haben. Der rasante technische Fortschritt macht es mittlerweile möglich, immer einfacher, schneller und besser Musik-, Film- und Bildaufnahmen zu bearbeiten und zu verändern. Computer mit Bearbeitungssoftware haben Keyboards, Synthesizer und analoge Mehrspurtechnik abgelöst. Die Methoden des Samplings unterscheiden sich von der klassischen Raubkopie dahingehend, dass mit der Sampleübernahme eine weitreichende Umgestaltung und Bearbeitung erfolgt. Die Raubkopie zeichnet sich durch eine unveränderte Übernahme des Originals aus. Betroffen von den Auswirkungen eines nicht rechtmäßig durchgeführten Sampling sind Urheber- und Leistungsschutzrechte ausübender Künstler sowie Leistungsschutzrechte von Tonträgerherstellern. U. U. sind auch Verstöße gegen das allgemeine Persönlichkeits- und Wettbewerbsrecht Gegenstand von streitigen Auseinandersetzungen.

Mash-Ups (auch Bootlegging, Bastard Pop oder Collage genannt) erfreuen sich seit Jahren steigender Beliebtheit. Waren es zu Beginn der 1990er Jahre meist nur 2 unterschiedliche Popsongs, deren Gesangs- und Instrumentenspuren in Remixform ineinander gemischt wurden, existieren heute Multi-Mash-Ups mit mehreren Dutzend gemixten und gesampelten Songs, Interpreten, Videosequenzen und Effekten. Eine Herausforderung stellt die Kombination unterschiedlichster Stile dar, diese zu neuen tanzbaren Titeln aus den Charts zu mischen. Das Mash-Up Projekt Pop Danthology z.B. enthält in einem knapp 6 minütigen aktuellen Musikclip 68 verschiedene Interpreten, u. a. Bruno Mars, Britney Spears, Rhianna und Lady Gaga. Die Verwendung und das Sampeln fremder Musik- und Videotitel kann eine Urheberrechtsverletzung darstellen. Die Komponisten des Titels „Nur mir“ mit Sängerin Sabrina Setlur unterlagen in einem Rechtsstreit, der bis zum BGH führte. Sie haben im Zuge eines Tonträger-Samplings, so der BGH , in das Tonträgerherstellerrecht der Kläger (Musikgruppe Kraftwerk) eingegriffen, in dem sie im Wege des „Sampling“ zwei Takte einer Rhythmussequenz des Titels „Metall auf Metall“ entnommen und diese im eigenen Stück unterlegt haben. Der rasante technische Fortschritt macht es mittlerweile möglich, immer einfacher, schneller und besser Musik-, Film- und Bildaufnahmen zu bearbeiten und zu verändern. Computer mit Bearbeitungssoftware haben Keyboards, Synthesizer und analoge Mehrspurtechnik abgelöst. Die Methoden des Samplings unterscheiden sich von der klassischen Raubkopie dahingehend, dass mit der Sampleübernahme eine weitreichende Umgestaltung und Bearbeitung erfolgt. Die Raubkopie zeichnet sich durch eine unveränderte Übernahme des Originals aus. Betroffen von den Auswirkungen eines nicht rechtmäßig durchgeführten Sampling sind Urheber- und Leistungsschutzrechte ausübender Künstler sowie Leistungsschutzrechte von Tonträgerherstellern. U. U. sind auch Verstöße gegen das allgemeine Persönlichkeits- und Wettbewerbsrecht Gegenstand von streitigen Auseinandersetzungen.

The period after the February 1948 posed great changes for the cultural sphere, the groups and clubs were dissolved, artists who did not want to squeeze into the limits of socialist realism had no choice than to close themselves in the privacy of their homes and studios. After 1950, however, a group of friends around Jiří Kolář formed in Prague, who shared the same views on political and cultural development and, despite various artistic orientations, captured everyday experiences in pictures or texts. The thesis focuses on the friendship of Jiří Kolář, Vladimír Fuka, Eva Fuka, Zdeněk Urbánek, Jan Rychlík, Kamil LhoJan Hanč, Josef Schwarz-Červinka, Emanuel Frynta and others, and tries to portray this period of time, their mutual inspirations and relationships, and especially the extremely creative atmosphere, which was originated in this friendly circle. The thesis is based on diary entries, drawings, collages, poems and literary texts, which they created together and for each other in this unique, free and inspiring environment.

Mirrors and Vanities is a multi-modal collection which showcases the diversity of working in long and short storytelling forms. Featured in this thesis are fiction, nonfiction, graphic narrative, and screenplay. Using unconventional approaches to storytelling in order to achieve emotional resonance with the audience while maintaining high standards for craft, these stories and essays explore the costs inherent to the subtle nuances of interpersonal relationships. The fiction focuses on the complications of characters keeping secrets. A husband discovers the truth behind his wife’s miscarriage. A girl visits her fiancé in purgatory. A boy crosses a line and loses his best friend. Meanwhile, the nonfiction centers on self-discovery and gender roles associated with power struggles. A schizophrenic threatens to ruin my mother’s wedding. I rediscover my relationship with my father through food writing. Sword-work teaches me to fail and succeed at making martial art. The title work of the thesis is a collaged story highlighting the tribulations of a physicist fixated on recovering his lost love by manipulating the multiverse. The multi-modal format implicates the nebulosity of physics theories and how different aspects of the narrative can be presented in various formats to best suit the nature of the storytelling. Through the interactions of characters in mundane and extraordinary circumstances, the works in this thesis examine the consequences of choice, the contrast between reality and expectation, coming of age, and the Truth of narrative.

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