Antalet flygresor har ökat markant i världen de senaste decennierna. Detta har medfört en ökning av flygets koldioxidutsläpp som därmed har gett en ökad påverkan på klimatet. Forskning angående människors syn på och uppfattning om flyget är relativt ny och forskning rörande ämnet är mer förekommande idag än för ett decennium sedan. Tidigare undersökningar är dock i stort sett eniga om att människor, både miljömedvetna och icke-miljömedvetna personer, inte tänker ändra på sina flygvanor och flyga mindre på grund av flygets klimatpåverkan. Denna studie undersöker klimatengagerade personers flygvanor och vad de har för syn på flyget och flygets påverkan på klimatet. Resultatet i studien skiljer sig från tidigare forskning genom att de klimatengagerade personerna i undersökningen antingen försöker begränsa sina flygresor eller inte längre flyger alls på grund av den klimatpåverkan en flygresa innebär. The low-cost hypothesis har använts som ett teoretiskt ramverk för att undersöka om det finns ett attitude-behavior gap. Det framkom att the low-cost hypothesis endast delvis kan appliceras och att det finns ett litet attitude-behavior gap hos de respondenter som flyger. Det finns inget attitude-behavior gap hos respondenterna som inte flyger. Det framkom även att sociala normer till viss del påverkar valet att flyga eller inte flyga.

Esta dissertação identifica contribuições da Psicologia Ambiental para Programas de Educação Ambiental descritos em dissertações do Mestrado em Ciências Ambientais da Universidade de Taubaté, defendidas no período 2001-2006. Das 125 dissertações foram identificadas 15 que apresentaram programas de Educação Ambiental. As categorias de análise foram: palavras-chave, objetivos propostos, sujeitos da pesquisa, e procedimentos utilizados. A análise evidenciou que: a Psicologia Ambiental implicitamente esteve presente em todos os trabalhos analisados; que Comportamentos Pró-ambientais foram explicitamente identificados nos procedimentos executados. Os Programas não relataram propostas de manutenção que possibilitassem a manutenção desses comportamentos. Programas de Educação Ambiental foram conduzidos em trabalhos de todas as áreas temáticas do mestrado e com populações diversificadas; confirmando o caráter multidisciplinar das Ciências Ambientais possibilitando a diferentes profissionais atuarem no campo da Educação Ambiental. Se visam principalmente a mudança de hábitos, atitudes e valores, e, em última instância, fazer que o sujeito se comporte de maneira pró-ambiental, Programas de Educação Ambiental visam portanto influenciar variáveis psicológicas. Discutiu-se assim a contribuição possível da Psicologia Ambiental para os Programas de Educação Ambiental. Esta disciplina pode instrumentalizar futuros pesquisadores na construção de metodologias adequadas ao fortalecimento e manutenção de comportamentos de cuidado com o ambiente e da promoção da identificação e interpretação de indicadores individuais e sociais como reforçadores desses comportamentos, e ainda criar condições para quantificar e qualificar Comportamentos Pró-ambientais. Conclui-se que a utilização dos conhecimentos produzidos pela Psicologia Ambiental poderá contribuir para a melhoria de Programas de Educação Ambiental, norteando seu planejamento e suas práticas. / This dissertation the contribution of Environmental Psychology to Environmental Education Activities and Programs described in dissertations of the Graduation Course in Environmental Sciences of the University of TaubatÃ, presented in the period from 2001 to 2006. Of 125 dissertations, 15 were identified as presenting Environmental Education Programs. The analysis categories were: keywords, proposed objectives, research subjects, and procedures utilized. The analysis evidenced that Environmental Psychology was implicitly present in all the works analyzed and that Pro-Environmental Behaviors were explicitly identified in the procedures executed. The Programs did not report any maintenance proposals for these behaviors to be kept. Environmental Education Programs were conducted in works of all thematic areas of the masters degree program and with diverse populations, confirming the multidisciplinary character of the Environmental Sciences that has made it possible for many professionals to act in the field of Environmental Education. The goal is mainly the change of habits, attitudes, and values, and, ultimately, to make the subject behave in a pro-environmental manner, therefore Environmental Education Programs seek to influence the psychological variables. Thus the possible contribution of Environmental Psychology for the Environmental Education Programs was discussed. This discipline can give some tools for the future researchers in the construction of methodologies that are appropriate for the strengthening and maintenance of caring behaviors towards the environment, and for the promotion of the identification and interpretation of individual and social indicators which reinforce these behaviors and create conditions to quantify and qualify Proenvironmental Behaviors. The conclusion is that the utilization of knowledge produced by Environmental Psychology can contribute to the betterment of Environmental Education Programs, guiding their planning and practices.

This thesis Case Study of the Garden Allotment Chvalka is in its first part focused on the history and current status of allotment in selected European countries and especially in the Czech Republic. The study also deals with the important theories for this topic - Theories of garden allotment as a positive model of society according to Jan Keller, Theories of post-materialistic values of Ronald Inglehart and Theories of voluntary and deliberate modesty by Hana Librova. The entire study also permeates the Theory of sustainable development with its four pillars. Further in the thesis we can find a methodological part, which explains the procedures that were used to obtain information in the theoretical part and the methods that were used in the research. In the research part, the thesis focuses on the settlers and examining their motivation for gardening, what features has garden for them, which values they profess in the settlement, etc. The thesis also examines whether and how is influenced the gardeners thinking about nature by the gardening. This thesis gives a comprehensive picture of life in the settlement Chvalka with detailed presentation of gardeners and their relationships. This thesis in its result outlines the benefits that garden settlements brings to society and the consequences that...

Consumption is a major contributor to environmental harm, and also one area where the Swedish performance is in urgent need of improvement. While it is well known that changes are needed on all societal levels for sustainability to be realized, it is unclear whether the population is aware of which changes that refers to, since the impacts from individual consumption remain high. Previous research has identified psychological, cultural, social, and economic determinants as barriers to change, however, removing those barriers will not be sufficient if it results in changes entailing only marginal environmental benefits. The question that initiated this research is whether common people in Sweden can identify which changes are efficient enough to provide visible results, or if the current environmental discourse generates misperceptions, hindering concrete change. Meeting the objective to contribute to the identification of obstacles to sustainability by studying the perception of pro-environmental consumption among potential adopters, a qualitative interview-based case study was conducted on students at Linnaeus University in Växjö, Sweden. The research followed an abductive approach, whereby primarily the Diffusion of Innovations theory was used for structure and interpretation. The findings reveal several barriers to sustainability associated with individual perceptions, including perceptions of the concept of pro-environmental consumption as complex, a perceived lack of trustworthy information from authorities, a perceived abundance of misleading information from profit-driven actors, as well as some controversy on where to place responsibility. Alongside this, misperceptions of environmental impacts from consumption were revealed, whereby accurate perceptions and environmental education were somewhat correlated. While highlighting an unrecognized but concrete issue, this research involves a small sample, suggesting that further research is required.

With the climate crisis, there is a necessity for people to live more sustainably. One way to do this is to change our lifestyle and the choices we make in our homes. The aim of this master thesis is to investigate the gender aspect of the “sustainable lifestyle” by looking at families with an ambition to live more environmentally conscious. If the environmentally friendly lifestyle for people in general is basically about taking advantage of what we have, making better decisions about food and other things that are linked to housework, something that women to a large extent take greater responsibility for, how can we look at environmentally friendly living from a gender perspective? I have collected my data through qualitative, semi-structured interviews with six heterosexual women in Swedish families. The study shows that the female informants take a greater responsibility than their male partners for the family to live environmentally friendly. This research also shows that the sustainable lifestyle is time consuming and that this mostly affects women due to their greater responsibility for housework. This has implications for the gender equality of the household. All the interviewed women thought gender equality was important, but the study show that they sometimes must choose between being equal with their partners and being sustainable.

Klimatförändringarnas stora problematik är ett av de mest diskuteradeämnena idag och är högst avgörande för framtiden och kommandegenerationer. Dagens ungdomar anser att klimatet är den viktigastesamhällsfrågan och ungdomar en viktig grupp att lägga fokus på vidforskning. Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur unga motiveras att ageramer klimatvänligt utifrån tillit till klimatforskare, känslan av att kunnapåverka samt oro för klimatförändringarna. Tidigare forskning på vuxna harhittat signifikanta samband mellan alla dessa aspekter vilket denna studieockså gjorde. I studien fann vi även att oro för klimatförändringarna var denunikt viktigaste faktorn för att förklara det klimatvänliga handlandet när mankontrollerade för de andra variablerna. Studien genomfördes med hjälp av enwebb-enkät som distribuerades till gymnasieelever i Göteborg och Rönninge(N=106). Aktuell studie utfördes med en tvärsnittsdesign där måtten vartillförlitliga och väl validerade. Resultaten har bidragit till både praktiskaimplikationer såväl som intressanta teoretiska frågor för framtida forskning. / Climate change and the major problems it brings is the most discussed topictoday and are crucial for the future and future generations. Today'sadolescents consider the climate changes to be the most important societalissue and young people are an essential group to focus on when it comes toresearch. The aim with this study was to examine how young people getmotivated to act more pro-environmental based on trust in climate scientists,efficacy and climate change concern. Previous research with adults has foundsignificant correlations between all these aspects, so did this study. The studyalso found that climate change concern was the sole most important factor inexplaining pro-environmental behavior when controlling for the othervariables. The study was executed with a web survey that was distributed tohigh school students in Göteborg and Rönninge (N=106). The study wasconducted with a cross-sectional design where the measurements werereliable and well validated. The results have both practical implications aswell as it has aroused interesting theoretical questions for future research.

This study sets out to explore the process of city planning through the design of an urban area in relation to a cultural world heritage. The purpose of this study is to get a deeper knowledge of the design process that planners and architects go through when developing urban areas in the city. As an architect student, I want to put the knowledge that I have gained during my education to the test and work with a project that is similar to what one will work with in the future. In my thesis I have worked with different approaches on the subjects of urban planning, city planning, landscape architecture and environmental behavior. The material used in this study is based on data from observations, interviews, literature studies and feedback from a reference group of architects. I have chosen to use my methods interdisciplinary to create a wider perspective when analyzing and designing an urban space.The result of my studies have culminated in a design proposal focused on creating sustainable social spaces with a connection to history, culture and art. / I det här kandidatarbetet utforskas processen för stadsplanering genom att utforma ett stadsområde i relation till ett kulturellt världsarv - Visby med dess ringmur. Syftet med denna studie är att få en djupare kunskap om den designprocess som planerare och arkitekter går igenom när de utvecklar tätorter i staden. Som arkitektstudent vill jag sätta de kunskaper, som jag fått under den här utbildningen, på prov. I mitt examensarbete har jag arbetat med olika tillvägagångssätt som Grounded Theory och Inquiry by Design, inom ämnena samhällsplanering, stadsplanering, landskapsarkitektur och miljöbeteende. Materialet som används i studien är baserat på data från observationer, intervjuer, litteraturstudier och handledning från en referensgrupp av arkitekter. Jag har valt att använda mina metoder tvärvetenskapligt för att få ett brett perspektiv när jag analyserar och utformar ett stadsrum. Resultatet av mina studier har utmynnat i ett designförslag med fokus på att skapa hållbara sociala rum med koppling till historia, kultur och konst.

Rock climbing has become a popular adventure activity, yet it poses a threat to the environment, particularly to the rare species that inhabit the lower vegetation density of rock faces. To address this concern, effective evironmental communication is necessary to provoke environmentally responsible behavior among climbers. This study explores what the most effective form of environmental communication is, that elicits a positive response from rock climbers. Regulatory Focus Theory as well as the nature values distinction (intrinsic, instrumental, and relational) are employed to assess the effect of value-based messages on rock climbers' environmental behavior. Moreover, this research investigates how personal values of rock climbers (biospheric, altruistic, and egoistic) impact their response to messages that highlight different nature values. Environmental messaging that resonates with the personal values of rock climbers can influence their response positively. Thus, crafting messages that are aligned with the target audience's environmental dispositions is essential for effective environmental communication. While the findings did not yield definitive results, the study indicates that messages emphasizing the instrinsic value of nature coupled with prevention-oriented foucus may be more effective for rock climbers. Moreover, altruistic and biospheric values significantly moderated climbers' response to environmental messages framed with nature values. Regulatory focus was not found to significantly influence rock climbers' environmental behavior. The study also shows that demographic characteristics such as age and gender can influence the environmental behavior of rock climbers. The study's insights provide a baseline for future research in persuasive messaging for adventure tourists. The research opens up new directions in tourism studies and identifies environmental values most relevant to the rock climbing community, providing guidance to climbing area managers and other stakeholders invested in safeguarding natural habitats. By shedding light on possible environmental communication strategies for the promotion of pro-environmental behavior among rock climbers, this research offers an important contribution to the protection of vulnerable ecosystems and the preservation of natural habitats.

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