Socionomer utgör en yrkesgrupp som vanligtvis jobbar nära människor i olika utsatta livssituationer. Därför är det av stor vikt att som socionom ha ett bra bemötande där kunden ges samma förutsättningar oavsett till exempel etnicitet, sexuell läggning eller kön. Men, hur ser det ut på arbetsplatserna för socionomer, värderas allas lika värde där? Denna studie fokuserade på internt jämställdhetsarbete ur två olika perspektiv - första linjens chefer och arbetstagare. Syftet var att undersöka yrkesverksamma socionomers erfarenheter av vad som förändrar eller reproducerar ojämställdhet och undersöka deras erfarenheter av det interna jämställdhetsarbetet på arbetsplatser inom socialtjänsten. Syftet undersöktes kvalitativt genom sex intervjuer, med tre informanter från respektive perspektiv. Den insamlade empirin analyserades utifrån olika teoretiska begrepp samt Hirdmans genusteori, som varit det huvudsakliga perspektivet. I intervjuerna framkom att stereotypa föreställningar utifrån kön var förekommande på arbetsplatserna. Arbetstagarna vittnade även om att det inte stannade vid enbart föreställningar, då dem uppfattade att särbehandling utifrån kön förekom där männen premierades framför kvinnorna. Denna uppfattning skilde sig mellan perspektiven, där första linjens chefer inte såg någon särbehandling utifrån kön. Framträdande resultat var även att majoriteten av informanterna inte hade ett integrerat internt jämställdhetsarbete på sina arbetsplatser. Samtliga informanter uppgav att de såg ett behov av detta arbete, men det beskrevs generellt inte vara något som prioriterades. Således drogs slutsatsen att det fanns ett behov av ett ökat internt jämställdhetsarbete inom socialtjänsten. / Social workers are an occupational group who usually work close to people in different vulnerable life situations. Therefore, it is of great importance to have a good approach as a social worker, where the customer is given the same conditions regardless of, for example, ethnicity, sexual orientation or gender. But what does it look like in the workplaces for social workers, are everyone equally valued there? This study focused on internal gender equality work from two different perspectives - first-line managers and employees. The purpose was to examine the professional social workers experiences in what changes or reproduces inequality and examine their experiences of the internal gender equality work in workplaces within the social services. The purpose has been examined qualitatively through six interviews, with three informants from each perspective. The collected data has been analyzed based on various theoretical concepts as well as Hirdman's gender theory, which has been the main perspective. The interviews showed that stereotypical beliefs based on gender was prevalent in the workplaces. The employees testified that it did not stop at beliefs alone, as they found that special treatment based on gender occurred where the men was rewarded ahead of the women. This experience differed between the perspectives, where first-line managers did not see any special treatment based on gender. Prominent results were also that the majority of the informants did not have integrated internal gender equality work at their workplaces. All informants stated that they saw the need for this work, but generally it was not described as being a priority. Our conclusion was that there was a need for increased internal gender equality work within the social services.

Background: For decades, gender representation in advertising has occupied the attention of researchers, where especially advertising that depicts women sexually has been well examined. However, relatively few research works have investigated the sexualization and objectification of men in advertising, although it is starting to change. Research Purpose: The purpose of this research is to analyze Swedish male's perspectives of male representations in fashion advertising, specifically, sexualized, and objectified male representations and its effects on brand image. Methodology: For this study, a qualitative research method with a deductive approach was applied. The data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews, using a topic guide based on the proposed analytical framework by Edell & Burke. 17 stimulus in the form of advertisements were chosen from internationally well-known brands as well as Swedish brands within the time frame of the last ten years, from 2013-2019. 17 semi-structured, in-depth interviews with Swedish male adults between the ages of 25-57 were conducted. Findings: The findings, in relation to RQ1, showed that the aspects emphasized by Swedish male adults in discussing sexually objectifying images of men in advertising are: “lack of reality”, “body focus and lack of purpose”, “lack of new-thinking” and “lack of inclusion and self-identity with brands”. The findings, in relation to RQ2 showed that the men’s negative feelings, judgements, beliefs and attitudes about and towards most of the brands and advertisements resulted in a negative or ambivalent brand image. An exception to this was the men’s positive feelings, judgements, beliefs and attitudes towards the American Eagle and Dressman which resulted in mostly a positive brand image. Conclusion: In conclusion, the findings of this thesis confirms firstly that the aspects emphasized by Swedish male adults in discussing sexually objectifying images of men in advertising are: “lack of of reality”, “body focus and lack of purpose”, “lack of new thinking” and “lack of inclusion and self-identity with brands”. Secondly, Swedish men’s attitudes towards sexually and objectified males in fashion advertisements resulted in a positive, negative, or alternatively, an ambivalent brand image being created, depending on the context the brand image was analyzed from. Theoretical Contributions: This thesis contributes in several ways theoretically to literature on the topic of advertising, gender stereotyping and sexualizatiom in relation to the advertising of males. Firstly, it highlights a modern phenomena which has been overlooked in previous research. Secondly, it contributes to new areas of consumer attitudes, in this case Swedish male adults, which has not previously been thoroughly investigated. Lastly, this thesis contributes with updated, descriptive as well as specific information on the phenomena and ultimately creating and generating a better understanding of the phenomena: sexualized and objectified men in fashion advertising and the effects it has on brand image.

<p>The goal with our research has been to describe how often and in what way female athletes are represented in the sport section in Sweden’s biggest evening newspaper Aftonbladet. The material we’ve used are the newspapers that we collected during two weeks in 2008, the 3^rd of November to the 9^th of November and the 11^th of November to the 17^th of November. We’ve conduced two qualitative researches – a text analysis and an image analysis – and one quantitative analysis on our material. We’ve based our analysis on, among others, theories on the sportmediacomplex, critique feministic analysis and normative theory.</p><p>       In these articles women are designed into four different stereotypes. We’ve chosen to call them the star, the victim, the sensation and the absent. On the basis on our theories we believe that these four stereotypes are creating more sexism and in that way they are contributing to the suppressing of women as a whole.</p><p>       Our quantitative analysis shows that men occur more frequent on the sport pages than women. Almost nine of ten of the articles in Sportbladet are about men and male athletes. We believe that in this way Sportbladet contributes to the invisibilisation of female athletes and further more to the discrimination of women.</p>

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This dissertation contains reports of three separate studies in which the connections between work role salience, family role salience, stereotype threat, and work-family conflict were explored. In the first study, findings from a systematic review of the role salience literature were reported. Following a search of four Human Resource Development (HRD) journals, the PsycINFO database, and the Academic Search Complete database, 69 articles and papers were identified for inclusion in the literature review. The literature mostly pertained to career development, with a notable emphasis on life-span, life-space theory. Though, very little of the research in the sample of literature pertained specifically to how individuals negotiate their lives as they occupy multiple life roles. In the second study, meta-analytic techniques were used to identify the nature of the relationships between work role salience, family role salience, and work-family conflict. Hypothesized relationships were based on conservation of resources theory. Data were collected from fourteen papers and articles to test the hypothesized relationships. Work role salience was positively related to work-family conflict (ρ = 0.151; p < 0.01) and family role salience was negatively related to work interference with family (ρ = -0.049; p ≤ 0.05). Family role salience appeared to support healthy involvement in both the work and family roles while work family salience appeared to deplete the necessary resources to balance work and family roles satisfactorily. The third study was an introduction of stereotype threat as a potential moderator of the role salience and work-family conflict relationships. Data were collected from 727 individuals who responded to an online survey. MANOVA was used to conclude that White and Black/African-American participants differed in their responses to the work-family conflict and stereotype threat scales. Regression analyses were used to assess the moderating effects of stereotype threat. Stereotype threat moderated the relationships between parental role salience and family interference with work. Future research efforts should include further examination of the similarities and differences in how the variables interact across racial boundaries and the mechanism(s) by which the stereotype threat affects role salience and work-family conflict relationships.

The aim of this bachelor thesis has been to explore how teachers with long experience in the profession look upon the school librarian, if they see and are affected by any stereotypes. As my method I have interviewed five teachers and asked them a series of questions about how they have worked with the school librarians during the years and what they have thought about when they would hear the word librarian. I have used three major research questions: Since teachers visit the school library quite often in their occupation, how do they perceive the school librarian? How are teachers affected by the stereotypical image of the librarian? According to the teacher, has the librarian changed during the last 40 years? I have tried to distinguish if the teachers I interviewed talked about any stereotypical attributes, based on which I conducted an analysis about my findings. I was surprised to find that the teachers do not seem to have a stereotypical image of the school librarian, rather that they know that stereotypes exist but that they have realized that the librarians they met in their profession do not fit in any of the stereotypes. Still when they did talk about the stereotypical librarian they immediately thought of the old grumpy lady with her hair in a bun and glasses, who is very strict and boring. This study is rather limited by its size, which is why my findings only reflect a part of what teachers might think and not necessarily what everyone thinks.

The aim of the research was to determine gender representation in the Lithuanian, British and Argentinian EFL textbooks. To achieve the aim, EFL textbooks circulated in Lithuania (Super English 4), the UK (Speakout) and Argentina (My Life 2) were analyzed with regard to social and linguistic aspects of gender representation. The methods chosen for the study were content analysis and the calculation of the relative frequency of occurrence. The results revealed that the Lithuanian EFL textbook depicts females in a stereotyped way with regard to household duties and frequently uses compound nouns and proverbs or sayings comprising a word man which is used in its generic meaning. Moreover, the content analysis of illustrations in the British EFL textbook revealed that males dominate the labour market. Furthermore, the analysis of verbs used to define gender in the British EFL textbook demonstrated that females are involved in more various mental processes in relation to males. In the Argentinian EFL textbook females are excluded from the field of IT; however, they are not associated with the domestic sphere. In addition, the Argentinian EFL textbook can be treated as the best-balanced textbook with regard to gender-biased use of language. Further studies can examine other aspects of gender representation and cover wider range of EFL textbooks. / Šio tyrimo tikslas buvo nustatyti lyties įvaizdžius anglų, kaip užsienio kalbos, vadovėliuose, išleistuose Lietuvoje, Didžiojoje Britanijoje ir Argentinoje. Vadovėliai buvo nagrinėjami atsižvelgiant į socialinius ir kalbinius lyties vaizdavimo aspektus. Vadovėlių pasirinkimas buvo pagrįstas galimybe palyginti lyčių įvaizdžius ir kalbines jų raiškos priemones skirtinguose regionuose. Tyrime buvo naudojami kiekybiniai ir kokybiniai tyrimo metodai. Turinio analizės metodas buvo naudojamas analizuojant kalbines priemones bei paveikslėlius kontekste; kiekybiškai buvo skaičiuojamas tiriamas santykinis dažnumas. Tyrimo rezultatai atskleidė, kad anglų kalbos vadovėlis, išleistas Lietuvoje, pasižymi stereotipiniu moters vaidmens įvaizdžio pateikimu. Moteris yra vaizduojama plaunanti indus, dengianti stalą, gaminanti valgyti, prižiūrinti ir auklėjanti vaikus. Be to, anglų kalbos vadovėlyje, išleistame Lietuvoje, yra didžiausias skaičius sudurtinių daiktavardžių bei patarlių ar posakių, kurie susideda iš bendrai vartojamo abiems lytims žodžio man, taip sumenkinant moters įvaizdį. Anglų kalbos vadovėlis, išleistas Didžiojoje Britanijoje, daug dėmesio skiria su darbu susijusiai veiklai, taip pat pateikia platesnį spektrą profesijų, kuriose yra vaizduojami veikėjai. Tačiau turinio analizė atskleidė, kad vyrai yra labiau matomi darbo rinkos vaizdavime. Taip pat moterims priskiriamos profesijos yra daugiausiai susijusios su menine veikla, tokia kaip dainavimas, vaidyba ir dizainas. Lyčių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]

Americans felt threatened by Asian immigration in the late 19th century. As a result, Asian Americans were stereotyped as foreign and dangerous. The United States government supported Asian American stereotyping by passing prohibitive immigration policies. These policies were a reflection of discrimination and institutionalized racism at the time. Asian American stereotyping still exists today, but in covert form. The media plays a powerful role in perpetuating these covert stereotypes. Asian American stereotypes negatively impact the Asian American community in a number of ways, including ostracizing Asian Americans, making Asian American issues invisible, and harming the mental health of the Asian American community. As a result, stereotypes increase cumulative stress for Asian Americans, and also decrease Asian American community support. This paper reviews and provides recommendations to help reduce stereotypes and also change media representations of Asian Americans.

Thesis (M.A.)--Florida State University, 2005. / Advisor: Dr. William T. Lhamon, Jr., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Dept. of American and Florida Studies. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed June 8, 2005). Document formatted into pages; contains iv, 35 pages. Includes bibliographical references.