A família sofreu, no século passado, séc. XX diversas mudanças. As próprias relações mudaram: industrialização e urbanização aceleradas, emancipação da mulher, duas Guerras Mundiais que alavancaram o tema dos direitos humanos, com evidente repercussão nos direitos da personalidade. Tudo isso alterou o perfil da família e das relações que ocorrem em seu seio. Na verdade, estabeleceu-se uma perspectiva limitadora do poder em geral, da ascendência sobre outrem, inclusive no âmbito do pátrio poder, hoje poder familiar. Sem embargo disso, passada a euforia inicial, é hora de buscar caminhos para a plena efetivação desses direitos. Isso dependerá, em grande medida, da própria interpretação judicial, já que na decisão jurisdicional o ordenamento convertido numa fórmula específica para a solução daquela lide atinge o seu ápice. Se a afetividade e a grita por justiça e ética nas relações familiares é inafastável, mais do que isso, é louvável, porque consagra a dignidade da pessoa humana, por outro lado, a ideologia e a patrulha moral em temas existenciais devem ser evitadas. Ativismo judicial não se confunde com invasividade. A intrujice do Estado na família pela função legislativa, executiva ou judiciária deve incentivar um repensar das próprias expectativas que os operadores do Direito, sobretudo do Direito de Família, possuem a respeito do potencial transformativo de seus saberes. Assim, sempre buscando o justo termo, a dissertação examina as hipóteses de intervenção judicial no exercício abusivo do poder familiar, tanto na dimensão patrimonial quanto na dimensão existencial. Na primeira, analisa-se a administração dos bens dos filhos, o usufruto que, por lei, lhe é correlato e sua interpretação à luz do princípio do melhor interesse da criança e do adolescente. Na segunda, o objeto da investigação é o ponto ótimo de equilíbrio entre a intervenção que concretiza os direitos e a intervenção invasiva, errônea. Surgem ponderações sobre a ideologia e sua influência na exegese judicial, em temas como alienação parental e abandono afetivo que habitam o novo léxico deste Direito de Família sequioso de substância o qual, entretanto, não pode abdicar de uma postura autocrítica sob pena de manietar as próprias possibilidades de realização pessoal que alega defender. / Family underwent several changes in the last century, the twentieth century. The very relationships did change: accelerated (rapid) industrialization and urbanization, women´s emancipation, two World Wars, levered the human rights subject, with obvious repercussion on the rights of personality. All of that has modified family profile and the relationships that occur within its core. Actually, in general, a limiting perspective of power was established on the ascendancy over the other, inclusively in the extent of parental power, currently said family, or parental authority. With no embargo of this, after leaving behind the initial euphoria, now is the moment to look for ways towards the thorough accomplishment of these rights. This will depend, largely, on the judicial interpretation, for in the jurisdictional decision converted into a specific formula aimed at the solution of that dispute, it reaches its climax. If, on one hand, affectivity and the outcry for justice and ethics within family relationships cannot be set apart, and, more than that, they are praiseworthy - for they consecrate dignity of the individual - on the other hand, when it comes to existential matters, ideology and moral patrolling ought to be avoided. Judicial activism does not confound with invasiveness. State intrusion on family through legislative, or executive, or judiciary activity, should encourage a review of the very expectations that Law operating professionals have particularly those in the Family Law field regarding the transformational potential of their knowledge. Therefore, looking always for the right boundary, the dissertation investigates the hypotheses for judicial intervening in abusive family authority, considering not only property dimension, but also the existential. On the first we analyze the administration of assets of sons, the usufruct that by force of law correlates to it, and its interpretation in the light of best interest for child and adolescent. On the second, the object of our investigation is the optimal balance point between intervention that makes rights concrete, and the invasive, erroneous interference. We ponder over ideology and its influence on the judicial exegesis, in subjects such as parental alienation and affective abandonment, which dwell in this Family Law new lexicon, avid for substance, but which, however, cannot waive from a self-criticism posture, under penalty of handcuffing the very own possibilities of personal fulfillment it alleges to defend.

Cette thèse concerne l’anatomie macroscopique des gyri de Heschl (GH) en relation avec la Préférence Manuelle (PM) et la Spécialisation Hémisphérique (SH) pour le langage étudiée dans une base de données multimodale dédiée à l’étude de la SH (la BIL&GIN), équilibrée pour le sexe et la PM. Le GH, situé à la surface du lobe temporal, abrite l’aire auditive primaire. Des études ont montré que le volume du GH est asymétrique gauche, et que le GH gauche (GHG) covarie avec les performances phonologiques et avec la quantité de cortex dévolu au traitement temporel des sons, suggérant une relation entre GHG et SH pour le langage. Pourtant l’anatomie des GH, très variable en terme de gyrification, est mal connue. Nous avons : 1- Décrit la distribution inter-hémisphérique de la gyrification des GH sur les images IRM anatomiques de 430 sujets. 2- Etudié les variations de surface et d’asymétrie du premier gyrus ou GH antérieur (GHa), montré sa diminution en présence de duplication et l’existence d’une asymétrie gauche pour les configurations les plus fréquentes avec GHG unique. Les gauchers présentaient moins de duplications droites et une perte de l’asymétrie gauche de GHa. 3- Testé si la variance de l’anatomie du GH expliquait la variabilité interindividuelle des asymétries mesurées en IRM fonctionnel pendant une tâche d’écoute de mots chez 281 sujets, et si les différences anatomiques liées à la PM étaient en relation avec une diminution de la SH pour le langage des gauchers. La distribution du nombre de GH expliquait 11% de la variance de l’asymétrie fonctionnelle du GH, les configurations à GHG unique étant les plus asymétriques gauches, sans effet de la PM sur la latéralisation fonctionnelle du GH. / This thesis concerns the macroscopical anatomy of Heschl’s gyri (HG) in relation with Manual Preference (MP) and the Hemispheric Specialization (HS) for language studied in a multimodal database dedicated to the investigation of HS and balanced for sex and MP (BIL&GIN). HG, located on the surface of the temporal lobe, hosts the primary auditory cortex. Previous studies have shown that HG volume is leftward asymmetrical and that the left HG (LHG) covaries with phonological performance and with the amount of cortex dedicated to the processing of the temporal aspects of sounds, suggesting a relationship between LHG and HSL. However HG anatomy is highly variable and little known. In this thesis we have: 1- Described HG inter-hemispheric gyrification pattern on the anatomical MRI images of 430 healthy participants. 2- Studied the variation of the first or anterior HG (aHG) surface area and its asymmetry and shown its reduction in the presence of duplication and that its leftward asymmetry was present only in the case of a single LHG. Left-handers exhibited a lower incidence of right duplication and a loss of aHG leftward asymmetry. 3- Tested whether the variance of HG anatomy explained the interindividual variability of asymmetries measured with fMRI during the listening of a list of words in 281 participants, and whether differences in HG anatomy with MP were related to decreased HS for language in left-handers. HG inter-hemispheric gyrification pattern explained 11% of the variance of HG functional asymmetry, the patterns including a unique LHG being those with the strongest leftward asymmetry. There was no incidence of MP on HG functional lateralization.

Submitted by Cássia Santos (cassia.bcufg@gmail.com) on 2016-08-09T13:28:09Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Michael Alessandro Figueira Valim - 2015.pdf: 1201507 bytes, checksum: 3d4a9df7355cc5dc018b2693b4be0d3f (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-08-09T15:06:33Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Michael Alessandro Figueira Valim - 2015.pdf: 1201507 bytes, checksum: 3d4a9df7355cc5dc018b2693b4be0d3f (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-09T15:06:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Michael Alessandro Figueira Valim - 2015.pdf: 1201507 bytes, checksum: 3d4a9df7355cc5dc018b2693b4be0d3f (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-15 / This work is the result of research undertaken in the Programa de Pós- Graduação Interdisciplinar em Direitos Humanos da Universidade Federal de Goiás, master's level, and has as a research subject to Brazilian legislation on images and sound broadcasting and Public Policy for Human rights in Brazil. The overall objective of the research is to identify what are the regulatory provisions and recommendations of the Brazilian legislation for the operation of television stations that integrate the system of public broadcasting of images and sounds. In this sense the research seeks to answer the following questions: What are the normative legal provisions and present recommendations on the Brazilian legislation on broadcasting and the Public Policies for Human Rights in Brazil to operate the stations that make up the public broadcasting system sounds and projected images in Article 223 of the Federal Constitution of 1988? These regulations and recommendations are focused on the communication security as a fundamental human right and the defense and promotion of human rights in Brazil in the field of broadcasting? To answer such questions, the work will hold: 1) an analysis of the legislation on broadcasting images and sounds that comprise the laws and decrees promulgated on the broadcasting of images and sounds between the years 1931 and 2014; and 2) an analysis of Public Policies for Human Rights in Brazil, which will deal with the National Human Rights Plans 1996, 2002 and 2009, the World Programme of Education for Human Rights of 2005 and the National Plan of Education on Human Rights 2007. Before that, in order to support the above-mentioned analysis, the study will conduct a literature review of authors from different fields of knowledge with the specific objectives of: 1) understand the communication as a fundamental condition for ensuring the dignity and human rights from the concept of law in other authors as Arendt, Lyotard, Chauí, Ruiz Santos, among others; and 2) understand the communication as the foundation of social and an essential human right today and the role of mass media, especially television, from systems thinking thought Niklas Luhmann. Thus, the study aims to contribute to the interdisciplinary field of studies and research on Human Rights to seek to reflect on the important role that public television can and should play in ensuring communication and information as a human right and the promotion and defense of rights humans in Brazil. / O presente trabalho é resultado de pesquisa empreendida no âmbito do Programa de Pós-Graduação Interdisciplinar em Direitos Humanos da Universidade Federal de Goiás, nível mestrado, e tem como objeto de pesquisa a legislação brasileira sobre radiodifusão de imagens e sons e as Políticas Públicas para os Direitos Humanos no Brasil. O objetivo geral da pesquisa é o de identificar quais são as disposições normativas e recomendações da legislação brasileira para a atuação das emissoras de televisão que integram o sistema público de radiodifusão de imagens e sons. Nesse sentido a pesquisa procura responder as seguintes questões: quais são as disposições normativas e recomendações legais presentes na legislação brasileira sobre radiodifusão e nas Políticas Públicas para os Direitos Humanos no Brasil para atuação das emissoras que compõem o sistema público de radiodifusão de sons e imagens previsto no Artigo 223 da Constituição Federal de 1988? Essas normativas e recomendações estão voltadas para a garantia da comunicação como um direito humano fundamental e para a defesa e promoção dos direitos humanos no Brasil no campo da radiodifusão? Para responder a tais questões, o trabalho realizará: 1) uma análise da legislação sobre radiodifusão de imagens e sons que compreenderá as leis e decretos promulgados sobre a radiodifusão de imagens e sons entre os anos de 1931 e 2014; e 2) uma análise das Políticas Públicas para os Direitos Humanos no Brasil que abarcará os Planos Nacionais de Direitos Humanos de 1996, 2002 e 2009, o Programa Mundial de Educação para os Direitos Humanos de 2005 e o Plano Nacional de Educação em Direitos Humanos de 2007. Antes, porém, a fim de subsidiar as análises acima citadas, o estudo realizará uma revisão bibliográfica de autores de diferentes campos do conhecimento com os objetivos específicos de: 1) entender a comunicação como condição fundamental para a garantia da dignidade e dos direitos humanos a partir do conceito de direito do outro em autores como: Arendt, Lyotard, Chauí, Ruiz, Santos, entre outros; e 2) entender a comunicação como fundamento do social e um direito humano essencial na atualidade, bem como a função dos meios de comunicação de massa, em especial da televisão, a partir do pensamento sistêmico de pensamento de Niklas Luhmann. Desse modo, o estudo visa contribuir para o campo interdisciplinar dos estudos e pesquisas em Direitos Humanos ao procurar refletir sobre o importante papel que a televisão pública pode e deve desempenhar na garantia da comunicação e informação como um direito humano e na promoção e defesa dos direitos humanos no Brasil.

Submitted by Cristiane Chim (cristiane.chim@ucpel.edu.br) on 2018-07-16T12:23:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Camila Motta Avila.pdf: 5908666 bytes, checksum: fec1aaf83edeb30b980911d427091061 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-16T12:23:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Camila Motta Avila.pdf: 5908666 bytes, checksum: fec1aaf83edeb30b980911d427091061 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES# / #2075167498588264571# / #600 / This Master’s Dissertation had as its main goal analyzing and formalizing how Brazilian learners of English language (L2) and Americans identify and discriminate the voicing patterns for plosive consonants under artificial manipulation in English monossilabic words. Americans normally follow the acoustic cue Voice Onset Time (VOT) to differentiate voiced plosives from voiceless ones. The VOT is measured in milisseconds and can be classified into three different categories (LISKER & ABRAMSON, 1964): negative VOT (for /b/, /d/ and /g/ in Portuguese); short-lag VOT (for /p/, /t/, /k/ in Portuguese and /b/, /d/, /g/ in English) and long-lag or positive VOT (for [ph], [th], [kh] in English). Previous studies (ALVES, BARATZ e MOTTA, 2012; SCHWARTZHAUPT, ALVES &FONTES, 2015; ALVES & MOTTA, 2014; MOTTA, 2014; ALVES & ZIMMER, 2015) demonstrated that the manipulation of VOT can result into different types of perceptual behaviour, depending on the group analyzed: Americans tend to follow this cue to attribute voicing patterns to consonants, while Brazilians tend to follow the voicing patters stablished for their L1. In order to analyze the perception in L2, this Dissertation was based on Speech Learning Model (SLM) – (FLEGE, 1995) and Perceptual Assimilation Model – L2 (PAM-L2) – (BEST e TYLER, 2007) studies. To investigate how perception was processed in Americans, explanations in Kent and Read (2015), Gussenhoven and Jacobs (2004), Matzenauer (2015) and Boersma, Escudero and Hayes (2003) were found. The method consisted of two perceptual tests: (a) Identification Test, (b) Discrimination Test. Both tests were designed with artificially manipulated stimuli. The types (pee, pit, tick, tip, kit, kill) were CVC (where V was a high vowel /ɪ/ or /i/). Each one of them was multiply manipulated, generating five tokens from one original type. This manipulation was gradually performed, in 25% layers, aiming to achieve the zero artificial VOT pattern. The Identification Test was designed with 60 target words and 12 distractors, resulting in 72 tokens per participant. The Discrimination Test was designed with 36 target trials and 9 catch-trials, in a total of 45 trials per participant. To summarize, results show that Americans can be considered to be more perceptually sensitive to the multiple VOT manipulation than Brazilians, who normally tend to follow their L1 way of attributing voicing patterns to plosives, regardless their proficiency level in English (basic, intermediate or advanced). In addition, different phonetic tresholds were found in each analyzed group and in each place of articulation observed (bilabial, alveolar, velar). Finally, this study tries to offer a formalization for perceptual grammars in each group, based on Bi-directional Phonology OT Model (BiPhon). It is expected that this study, its detailed data description and theoretical observations can contribute to and makefurther academic studies possible. / Esta Dissertação de Mestrado teve como principal objetivo analisar e formalizar de que forma brasileiros aprendizes de inglês (L2) e americanos identificam e discriminam o vozeamento das consoantes plosivas iniciais da língua inglesa sob múltiplas manipulações em palavras monossilábicas. Na língua inglesa, para a diferenciação de vozeamento, tem-se como principal pista acústica a aspiração, que pode ser medida a partir dos valores de Voice Onset Time (VOT). O VOT é medido em milissegundos e pode ser classificado em 3 diferentes padrões (LISKER & ABRAMSON, 1964): VOT NEGATIVO (que se realiza foneticamente em português em /b/, /d/ e /g/); VOT ZERO, (que se realiza como /p/, /t/ e /k/ no português e /b/, /d/ e /g/ no inglês) e o VOT POSITIVO (encontrado em [ph], [th] e [kh] no inglês). Estudos anteriores (ALVES, BARATZ e MOTTA, 2012; SCHWARTZHAUPT, ALVES &FONTES, 2015; ALVES & MOTTA, 2014; MOTTA, 2014; ALVES & ZIMMER, 2015) demonstraram que a manipulação da pista acústica VOT resulta em comportamentos perceptuais diferenciados de acordo com a natureza do participante: americanos tendem a seguir a pista acústica em questão ao atribuir ou não vozeamento para as consoantes plosivas, ao passo que os brasileiros continuam a seguir os padrões de vozeamento previstos para a sua L1. Para dar conta da percepção em inglês como L2, este trabalho fundamentou-se, basicamente, nos modelos perceptuais Speech Learning Model (SLM) – (FLEGE, 1995) e Perceptual Assimilation Model – L2 (PAM-L2) – (BEST e TYLER, 2007). Para analisar a percepção dos participantes americanos, buscaram-se explicações em Kent e Read (2015), Gussenhoven e Jacobs (2004), Matzenauer (2015) e Boersma, Escudero e Hayes (2003). O método aplicado neste estudo consistiu em dois testes de percepção: (a) Teste de Identificação, (b) Teste de Discriminação. Ambos foram montados com estímulos de palavras monossilábicas da língua inglesa (CVC), sendo V /ɪ/ ou /i/. Cada type (pee, pit, tick, tip, kit, kill) passou por manipulação múltipla da pista acústica VOT, gerando 5 tokens cada um. Tal manipulação se deu de forma gradual em camadas de 25%, objetivando-se alcançar o padrão de VOT zero artificial. O design do Teste de Identificação contou com 60 palavras-alvo e 12 distratoras, somando um total de 72 tokens por participante. O design do Teste de Discriminação, que teve por objetivo contrastar diferentes camadas de VOT entre si, contou com 36 tríades do tipo AxB e 9 catch-trials, somando 45 tríades por participante. Sucintamente, os resultados apresentados demonstraram que os participantes americanos são mais sensíveis ao corte da pista acústica VOT do que os participantes brasileiros, independentemente do nível de proficiência em língua inglesa (básico, intermediário e avançado). Além disso, limiares fonéticos distintos foram encontrados em cada um dos grupos analisados e em cada ponto de articulação observado (bilabial, alveolar, velar). Finalmente, propôs-se uma formalização da percepção de ambos os grupos para cada consoante analisada baseando-se no Modelo de OT Bidirecional (BiPhon), proposto por Boersma (2009) e Boersma e Hamman (2011). Espera-se, com este estudo, que a descrição detalhada dos dados e a reflexão teórica possam contribuir à Academia e possibilitar estudos futuros.

This thesis shares the results of oral history interviews with members of the heterogeneous Doukhobor community in Canada. The stories and memories of fifteen different voices highlight the influence of intersecting demographic variables (age, gender, ideological affiliation, and geographic location) on the experience of Doukhobor life in Canada during times of sensationalized conflict. The interviews are framed and analyzed through broader questions of history and cultural sustainability. What considerations influence the representation of difficult Doukhobor pasts in Canada? In the contemporary context of unification and reconciliation, how does one speak of conflict? This thesis shows that discussions of the past surface considerable contradiction in the collective memory of the Doukhobor community; the results outline various individual and community strategies that are used to manage the past in favour of the present. Ultimately, this thesis locates memory as a social and cultural anchor that must support a history for the future.

This thesis shares the results of oral history interviews with members of the heterogeneous Doukhobor community in Canada. The stories and memories of fifteen different voices highlight the influence of intersecting demographic variables (age, gender, ideological affiliation, and geographic location) on the experience of Doukhobor life in Canada during times of sensationalized conflict. The interviews are framed and analyzed through broader questions of history and cultural sustainability. What considerations influence the representation of difficult Doukhobor pasts in Canada? In the contemporary context of unification and reconciliation, how does one speak of conflict? This thesis shows that discussions of the past surface considerable contradiction in the collective memory of the Doukhobor community; the results outline various individual and community strategies that are used to manage the past in favour of the present. Ultimately, this thesis locates memory as a social and cultural anchor that must support a history for the future.

This dissertation examines “race” politics in Vancouver during the interwar period as one origin of human rights activism. Race-based rights activism is a fundamental element of the modern human rights movement and human rights consciousness in Canada. The rhetoric of race-based rights was problematic from its inception because activists asserted equality rights based on an assumption of racial difference – a paradox that persists in human rights rhetoric today. While the late interwar period marks the origin of modern rights rhetoric, it also reveals a parallel turning point in the history of “race.” The racial categories of “Oriental” and “Indian” originated as discursive tools of colonial oppression. But during the interwar period, these categories were being redefined by activists to connote a political identity, to advocate for rights and privileges within the Canadian nation. While many scholars interpret the driving force behind the Canadian “rights revolution” as a response to the work of civil libertarians and the events of the Second World War, I argue that changing interpretations of rights were also a result of activism from within racialized communities. Interwar Vancouver was a central site for Canadian “race” politics. This type of political activism manifested in response to a range of different events, including a persistent “White Canada” movement; the Indian Arts and Crafts revival; conflict over the sale of the Kitsilano Reservation; the 1936 Golden Jubilee celebrations; sustained anti-Oriental legislation; and a police campaign to “clean up” Chinatown. At the same time, economists and intellectuals in Vancouver were beginning to recognize the importance of international relations with Pacific Rim countries to both the provincial and national economies. When “whiteness” was articulated by businessmen and politicians in City Hall, it was most often used as a means of defending local privileges. In contrast, the “Indian” and “Oriental” identities that were constructed by activists in this period were influenced by transnational notions of human rights and equality. The racial identities that were formed in this local context had an enduring influence on the national debates and strategies concerning rights that followed.

De nouvelles marques de commerce ont fait progressivement leur apparition, des marques qui font appel à nos cinq sens que sont la vue, l'ouïe, l'odorat, le goût ou même le touché. Ces nouvelles marques, que l'on appelle parfois les marques non traditionnelles, posent quelques difficultés pour être enregistrées. En effet, certains pays refusent leur enregistrement, d'autres sont plus réceptifs à l'arrivée de ces nouvelles marques. Notre mémoire se propose d'analyser la possibilité ou non d'enregistrer certaines de ces marques au Canada, et d'examiner également ce que d'autres pays ont prévu pour ces marques non traditionnelles. Au final, nous serons en mesure d'élaborer des recommandations pour l'intégration de ces nouvelles marques dans le droit canadien. / In recent years, new trademarks have progressively appeared: trademarks appealing to all of our five senses, sight, hearing, smell, taste or even touch. These new trademarks, sometimes called non-traditional marks, raise difficulties for registration. Indeed, some countries refuse registration, others are more open to the arrival of these new trademarks. This thesis analyses the possibility of allowing these non-traditional trademarks to be registered in Canada, and examines the conditions under which other countries accept to register them. In conclusion, our analysis will allow us to formulate recommendations on how to integrate these new trademarks into Canadian law.

La télévigilance médicale représente un enjeu de la société d'aujourd'hui. En effet l'espérance de vie augmente dans tous les pays industrialisés et les prévisions statistiques annoncent un nombre important de personnes âgées (17% de 60-74 ans en 2030) ou très âgées (12% de plus 75 ans en 2030). Grâce à la progression de la médecine ces personnes peuvent être maintenues plus longtemps à leur domicile mais demeurent plus fragiles et nécessitent donc des solutions techniques permettant d'améliorer leur confort et de faciliter la tâche des aidants. Ce mémoire donne une synthèse des activités de recherche menées par l'auteur dans le domaine de la télévigilance médicale. Cette recherche est structurée en deux axes : l'analyse de l'environnement sonore et la fusion de données multimodales. L'environnement sonore est très riche en informations utilisables, directement ou à travers l'analyse des activités de la personne pour détecter ou prévoir une situation de détresse. L'analyse sonore est soumise aux contraintes de l'acquisition sonore distante, à la présence des bruits provenant de l'extérieur et à la grande variabilité des sons à reconnaître. Le manuscrit décrit différentes solutions adoptées, leur mise en oeuvre et leur évaluation dans le cadre de plusieurs projets de recherche nationaux et européens. Le deuxième axe porte sur la fusion de la sortie de l'analyse sonore avec d'autres capteurs en vue d'améliorer la robustesse du système. La fusion de données doit traiter des signaux de natures différentes (signaux binaires ou continus), avec des périodicités différentes et de différentes temporalités (périodiques ou asynchrones). Deux techniques (logique floue et réseaux d'évidence) sont étudiées, adaptées et évaluées dans plusieurs projets de recherche. Le mémoire se termine avec les perspectives de recherche de l'auteur. Six publications scientifiques sont finalement annexées.

Un jet heurtant une plaque fendue peut générer, dans certaines configurations, des nuisances sonores. En effet, l’interaction de l’écoulement et de l’obstacle au niveau de la fente, sous certaines conditions, donne naissance à une perturbation remontant l’écoulement et pouvant contrôler son détachement à sa naissance. La perturbation produite par cette boucle de rétroaction optimise le transfert d’énergie du champ aérodynamique du jet vers le champ acoustique rayonné. Afin d’appréhender la dynamique tourbillonnaire, d’analyser les couplages entre cette dernière et les émissions sonores générées et de mieux comprendre les phénomènes responsables de ces nuisances, un dispositif expérimental basé sur de la métrologie laser a été réalisé. Ce système permet, d’une part, la génération de l’écoulement et la maitrise de ses paramètres (confinement, vitesse, forme,…) et d’autre part, la réalisation de plans lasers et de mesures par imagerie de particules (PIV). Ainsi le travail présenté dans ce manuscrit concerne les couplages qui existent entre la dynamique de l’écoulement heurtant une plaque fendue et les champs acoustiques générés. Les mesures de champs cinématiques d’un jet plan heurtant une plaque fendue par Vélocimétrie par Images de Particules (PIV) sont réalisées simultanément avec des mesures de champs acoustiques. Après avoir caractérisé les écoulements étudiés, on présente par des graphes spatio-temporels, les corrélations entre les signaux acoustiques et les vitesses de l’écoulement depuis la sortie du jet jusqu’à son arrivée à la plaque fendue. Ces corrélations sont calculées de deux manières : à partir de signaux bruts dans un premier temps, puis, dans un second temps, avec une méthode de pré-blanchiment (terme anglo-saxon : ‘’pre-whitening’’). Cette méthode vise à mettre en exergue l’existence d’une instabilité globale du jet qui existe dans les signaux analysés. Cette instabilité est importante pour la boucle de rétroaction des sons auto-entretenus, mais quasiment masquée devant les phénomènes principaux dominants (tourbillons primaires) dans le calcul des inter-corrélations. / Self-sustaining sounds related to aero-acoustic coupling occurs in impinging jets when a feedback loop is present between the jet exit and a slotted plate: the downstream-convected coherent structures and upstream-propagating pressure waves generated by the impingement of the coherent structures on the plate are phase locked at the nozzle exit. The upstream-propagating waves excite the thin shear layer near the nozzle lip and result in periodic coherent structures. The period is determined by the convection speed of the coherent structures and the distance between the nozzle and the plate. Simultaneous measurements of the velocity fields and the acoustic waves in a plane jet impinging a slotted plate were performed using time-resolved particle image velocimetry (PIV) and a microphone. A better understanding of the flow physics and the aero-acoustic coupling are obtained thanks to spatio-temporal cross-correlations between the transverse velocity and the acoustic signals. Cross-correlations are calculated using two different methods: classical analysis of the original signals and by developing a pre-whitening technique. The latter method is useful for analyzing small random signals superimposed on a high amplitude pure tone.