服務創新和發展文化創意產業已成為在這幾年的熱門話題。許多的研究也顯示出文化背景對影響人們做決策和經營管理的重要性；並且，許多相關的文獻也顯示，融合文化來做服務創新的可能性。因此，在這項研究中，我們的目標研究就是要了解是否有任何可以讓我們結合當地的文化資產還有運用資訊科技的協助來促進中小企業達到服務創新的可能性。我們期望可以用文化的角度來看資訊科技於服務創新上的應用，尤其是對中小型企業的業主。 　　在本文中，我們提出了「文化驅動因子」，藉以傳達人受到文化的影響所傳達出來的情感、價值觀和行為等。除此之外，我們更進一步的提出以語意為基礎的資訊系統，希望藉由本系統，我們可以用一種新穎的方式來詮釋當地的文化，並使用當地文化影響下所生成的「文化驅動因子」來激勵中小企業做服務創新。我們相信我們的系統可以激發中小企業，了解他們的文化背景，並進一步實現服務創新的目標。 / To do service innovation and to develop culture and creative industry are becoming a hot issue in these years. A lot of researches have been demonstrating the importance of culture and how it relates or influences to people's decision making and business management. However, few researches to date show the IT enabled use of culture ingredients to do service innovation. Accordingly, in this research we aim to investigate if there is any possibility for us to utilize cultural factors and IT to facilitate the creation service innovation opportunities. Therefore, we intend to view service innovation from the lens of local cultural factors and IT, especially for the small and medium business owners (SMBs). In this paper, we proposed “cultural interpretations” as the emotions, values and behavior, etc. which people convey out through the effect of culture. In addition, we come up with a semantic information system to motive or inspire SMBs with a new way to think about service innovation by leveraging the local culture in terms of the perspective of “cultural interpretations”. We believe our system could motive SMBs to understand their culture context and then achieve the goal of doing service innovation.

為了維護全球經濟的穩定與公平，近年來各國無不致力於反壟斷政策的執行，以期有效打擊卡特爾式的企業聯合行為。本文從三種不同的環境條件下，逐一探討採取聯合行為的廠商和反托拉斯政府之間的互動情況。透過本研究可發現，廠商在以利潤為優先考量下，來決定是否採取聯合結盟，以及合法或非法的合作型態。此外，為了朝全社會效率極大的目標邁進，本文針對三種環境設定下的均衡結果進行效率性的比較，得知其差異的成因在於政府和廠商報酬差異的大小。 / In order to keep the stability and fairness of global economy, most of the authorities around the world have been fighting for cutting down cartels by implementing Antitrust/Competition Law. In this paper, we analyze the interaction between joint ventures and antitrust authorities in three different cases. And we find that profit always takes priority in firms’ decision, no matter how the economic environment changes. Finally, in discussing social utility, we compare efficiency among the three cases, and reach our conclusion that the difference of government’s and firm’s return causes the efficiency or non-efficiency of those optimal strategies.

在後數位化時代，有無數的數位服務生態圈在爭奪著有限的市場。而要贏得這場競爭最好的方式就是遵照服務設計的理論來滿足顧客的渴望。本研究期望運用科技化的輔助方式來幫助服務設計者建立一個以顧客主導邏輯為基礎的區塊鏈服務生態系統。在這個方法裡面，我們必須要解譯服務設計者的服務價值主張，並且找出與之相關的價值活動來作為之後服務設計的樣本。最後透過服務渴望度、創新度以及利害關係人認可程度三個面向來衡量整個價值結構設計是否可行並有發展潛力。 / In the post-digital era, there are countless digital ecosystems to fight for the limited market share. Using service design theory to fulfill customers’ desire is the best way to win the competence. This paper proposes a technology facilitating approach to help service designers configure their blockchain-based service ecosystem with customer-dominate logic. We rephrase the service value proposition inputted by service designers and filtering related value activities as the model of designed ecosystem. To make the decentralized ecosystem become a destination, we have to examine the value configuration from three different perspectives which are desirability, disruption, and consensus. These three dimensions provide service designers with a method that can help assess if a configuration is making sense or not. After all, this paper is aimed to support service designers to create a digital destination ecosystem by recommending activities and evaluating score of ecosystem configuration.

隨著經濟全球化的發展，創新創業在國際競爭的地位越來越重要，創新不僅是國家經濟增長的動力，也是企業長期競爭力的關鍵。我國創業投資在電子產業快速發展進程中，扮演緩解新創企業融資障礙的重要角色。近期各項經濟數據均顯示，伴隨國家產業創新政策，電子新創企業在研發投入過程中有嚴重的資源錯置問題。本研究以台灣創投投資電子產業之研發效率為例，研究結果證實電子新創企業於首次公開發行期間具研發效率不足現象，主要原因為企業致力於美化財報，提高資本支出以利當期產出反應高財務績效，而抑制研發投入作為上市（櫃）經營策略。 / Innovation activities have long been accredited by its crucial role to sustain continuous long-term economic growth. Recent studies nonetheless suggested severe problems of input misallocation associated with innovation investment. This research measures input misallocations of venture capital supported business and identified significant underinvestment of new ventures right before their initial public offerings (IPOs). This is because new ventures have the incentives to adjust the reported earnings by cutting the R&D investment that is supposed to cut the current expense but not to affect short-term operational performance in the market. Therefore, new ventures would typically incur underinvestment in innovation activities right before IPOs.

當管理策略的發展開始從既有的「純競爭策略」，逐漸轉變為一種陰陽相依、競合相倚的觀念時，這種「陰」與「陽」同時存在或交替出現的「競合策略」便成為管理學者爭相研究的焦點。然而，即使有關於競合的理論與研究不勝枚舉，但是能以知識為探討的立足點，來瞭解廠商間創新研發競合關係的研究並不多見。再者，過去有關區域創新或是產業聚落的研究，多半強調合作創新，顯少討論區域內的競爭。進一步而言，對於區域內廠商在創新研發方面同時「競合並存」的研究，特別是針對「競爭導向的合作」與「合作導向的競爭」兩種創新競合的情境下，廠商間的知識分享與知識保護的情形，更是付之闕如。因此，本研究的目的，即在回應這些文獻缺口，對於廠商在不同的創新研發「競合關係」情境下，其知識互動的實際作為，做一深入的探究。 本研究在研究方法上採用多重個案研究方法，以全球最著名的區域創新系統之一台灣中部地區的工具機群聚為主要的研究場域。在研究的過程中，以兩階段的深度訪談，針對中部地區的工具機暨零組件產業之競合關係進行瞭解，並找出兩個特殊的創新研發競合案例。進一步地，針對此兩案例中廠商的創新研發「競合關係」與知識互動的實際作為，做深入的比較與分析。 本研究經歸納彙整研究命題後，進一步得到以下結論： 一、第三方單位在區域內廠商之創新研發競合關係與知識互動中扮演重要的角色，包括中介協調、主動催生與管理計畫、技術移轉與檢測驗證等。 二、廠商在不同的「競合關係」情境下，會因營運範疇相似度的不同，而有不同的知識分享類型與交流管道。在營運範疇相似度高的情況下，會以基礎理論知識來進行分享，且以正式的討論會議為主要的知識交流管道；在營運範疇相似度度低的情況下，會以應用層面的技術知識進行分享，在知識交流的管道上不僅會有正式的討論會議，還會透過非正式的方式進行交流。 三、廠商在不同的創新研發「競合關係」情境下，會因未來競爭的可能性與營業秘密的考量，而採取不同的知識分享方式，包括選擇性分享、不願意分享以及主動進行分享等。 四、廠商在不同的創新研發「競合關係」情境下，儘管知識保護的緣由不同，都會以契約內的保密協議做為最主要的知識保護方式。 在學術研究方面，本研究不同於以往的文獻從「市場」或是「資源」的角度來探究「競合關係」，而是以創新研發中最根本的要素–「知識」，來探究創新研發的「競合關係」。其次，不僅瞭解到第三方單位是促成競爭廠商形成合作研發聯盟的重要推手，亦從廠商不同的競合情境下，其知識互動的作為，整理出「知識互動的影響因素」。因此，本研究在學術研究上做出以下的貢獻： 一、過往競合方面的研究，主要是以一般性的策略領域為主，本研究則特別針對廠商在「創新研發」上的「競合」行為來加以探討。 二、過往的競合理論對於市場與資源的定義不夠完整與明確，且認為市場與資源是分別影響競爭與合作的不同要素。本研究更細緻地以「知識」的層次來加以探討，發現「知識」對廠商間的競合行為有很大的影響；此外，知識層次的觀點亦會使市場與資源間的界限變得模糊。 三、過往的競合理論概括性地提出既競爭又合作的概念，本研究進一步地提供「競爭導向的合作」（競中帶合）與「合作導向的競爭」（合中帶競）兩種情境的實證研究結果。 四、過往的研究較少提出第三方單位在競合關係中扮演的角色，本研究藉由實證並提出區域內廠商在進行創新研發競合關係時，第三方單位的主要角色與重要性。 五、過往區域創新系統或產業群聚的研究以探討廠商間的合作為主，本研究再加入「競爭」的要素做為研究廠商創新研發「競合關係」的基礎。 整體而言，本研究將「競中帶合」與「合中帶競」做清楚的定義，進一步地以知識作為廠商進行創新研發競合的根本要素，並提出第三方單位的重要性。在實務上，提供知識互動的影響因素作為廠商進行競合與知識互動時的參考依據。 / Management strategy has gradually transformed from “pure competition” to the coexistence of competition and cooperation, also known as co-opetition, where “co-opetition strategy” has become a popular research focus for scholars who study management. Scholars, upon observing such trend where “peace” and “warfare”- or “yin” and “yang”- exists either at the same time or occurs alternatively, begin to add the “cooperative” element (yang) into the traditional concept of “competition” (yin). Although immense theories and researches on the concept of co-opetition exist, researches that attempt to reveal the co-opetition relationship in the realm of R&D and Innovation among firms from the standpoint of knowledge have been scarce. Regional Innovation Systems is a field full of cooperation and competition, yet past research mostly focused on cooperation and innovation instead of discussing the competition among firms in the region. That is, few researches focused on discussing the cooperation and competition coexisting at the same time in the realm of R&D and Innovation among firms. Moreover, researches that particularly discuss the situation of knowledge sharing and knowledge protection among firms from two R&D and Innovation co-opetition types of “Competition-dominated cooperation” and “Cooperation-dominated competition” relegate said situations to the category of things unknown. Therefore, this research aims to fill the gap in such literature by conducting deep explorations into knowledge interaction among firms in one region, particularly from two R&D and Innovation co-opetition types. This research adopts a multi-case study method while the main field of research focuses on one of the most renowned global Regional Innovation Systems: the machinery cluster in central Taiwan. During the process of the research, a two-stage, in-depth interview was conducted to understand the co-opetition relationship among the machine tool and component firms in the central Taiwan, and has identified two special case studies of R&D and Innovation co-operation. Furthermore, this research focus on the R&D and Innovation co-opetition relationship among firms and their practices of knowledge interaction in these two cases, and conducts in-depth comparisons and analysis. By conducting two-stage in-depth interviews, this study summarizes the research propositions and further obtains the following conclusions: 1.Third party plays an important role in R&D and innovation co-opetition knowledge interaction among firms in the same region, including the roles of intermediary coordination, taking the initiative to spawn and manage projects, and transferring, testing and verification of technology. 2.In different “co-opetition” types, the types of knowledge sharing and exchange channels among firms are different according to how similar they are in operational scope. In the case of high similarity in operational scope, basic and theoretical knowledge is shared, and formal meetings are the main channel of knowledge exchange. In the case of low similarity in operational scope, technical and applied knowledge is shared, and the channels of knowledge exchange do not only have formal meetings, but also communicate informally. 3.In different “R&D and innovation co-opetition” types, firms will take different approaches in sharing knowledge (either being selective, not willing, or actively sharing) due to future competition possibilities and trade secrets. 4.Firms differ in their reasons for knowledge protection in different “R&D and innovation co-opetition” types, but will mostly rely on confidential agreements within their contracts as the main measure for knowledge protection. While past academic research mostly explores "co-opetition relationship" from the perspective of "market" or "resource", this research explores R&D and innovation co-opetition with the most essential element, “knowledge”. Not only is it understood that third-party units are important promoters of competitive firms in forming R&D alliances, "the influencing factors of knowledge interaction" from the perspective of their knowledge interaction under different co-opetition types is concluded. Therefore, this research aims to produce the following contributions in the academic field: 1.Past co-opetition researches mostly focus on generic and strategical fields, this research focuses particularly on bahviors of “co-opetition in R&D and innovation” among firms. 2.Past co-opetition theories’ definitions on markets and resources are insufficient and imprecise, for they describe markets and resources as different factors that affect competition and cooperation. This research offers a finer exploration from the aspect of “knowledge”. This research finds that “knowledge” has an immense impact on co-opetition behaviors. In addition, the knowledge-level viewpoint further blurs the boundary between markets and resources. 3.Past co-opetition theories offered the generic concept of simultaneous competition and cooperation This research further provides empirical research results of two scenarios: "competition-dominated cooperation" and "cooperation-dominated competition". 4.Past researches seldom discuss the role that third parties play in co-opetition. This research states the importance of third parties in the firms’ “co-opetition relationships” through empirical evidence when it comes to R&D and innovation in the region. 5.Past researches of regional innovation systems or clusters primarily focus on cooperation between firms, this research adds the factor of “competition” as a research basis for understanding firms’ co-opetition relationships in and R&D and innovation. Overall, this research clearly defines "competition-dominated cooperation" and "cooperation-dominated competition", and views “knowledge” as a fundamental element of R&D and innovation co-opetition, putting forward the importance of third-party units. In practice, provide the influential factors of knowledge interaction as a reference for firms to conduct co-opetition and knowledge interaction.

當身處一個競爭激烈的行業，企業想要保持發展，就必須與時俱進，積極創新。但企業應該從哪裡找到創新的機會？除了技術和產品之創新，越來越多企業開始關注商業模式的創新。過去，對商業模式創新的討論大部分集中在企業的內部系統活動改造，或是期待從開放創新中尋找機會。本研究嘗試把商業模式理解為一種敵我對應關係，從主流企業與後進者的攻防戰中理解創新的調適過程。通過分析「非主流」的後進者如何回應主流設計，並由主流企業之迷思理解後進者如何找出商業模式創新的可能。本研究發現，商業模式創新的本質是動態的，而其過程是調適的。後進者可以由主流企業建構商業模式之迷思中，找到自身商業模式創新的諸多樣貌與調適的巧思。 / In an industry that faces intensified competitions, firms need innovate constantly and timely so as to maintain steady growth. But where could firms identify opportunities for innovation? In addition to the innovation of technologies and products, more and more firms pay attention to business model innovation. Previously, our understanding of business model innovation is limited to firms’ business activity systems, or to seek opportunities from open innovation. This thesis attempts to consider the business model as a kind of responsive process between rivals; and to analyze the adaptation of business model within the defensive process between the mainstream firms and the second mover. By analyzing how the non-mainstream player may respond to the evolving dominant design, it is posisble to recognize the myths of the development of mainstream business models. This research suggests that business model innovations are dynamic in their nature and adaptive in their developmental process. The second mover could identify various patterns of new business models and conceive creative adaptation from the mainstream firms’ myths in building their own business models.

摘要 本研究採問卷調查法，針對雙北(臺北市、新北市)高級中學教師就校長正向領導、教師專業學習社群與學校創新經營之關係進行探討。寄發 650位教師樣本，回收問卷491份，回收率為 75.54%。有效問卷 461 份，有效問卷回收率為 71 %。首先以平均數、標準差等來描述雙北高級中學校長正向領導、教師專業學習社群與學校創新經營的現況；另以平均數差異考驗(t-test)和單因子變異數分析(One-Way ANOVA)來檢定不同背景變項的雙北高級中學校長正向領導、教師專業學習社群與學校創新經營之知覺反應差異情形；再以Pearson 積差相關檢視其相關性；最後再採逐步多元迴歸分析法，考驗校長正向領導與教師專業學習社群之各分層面對學校創新經營的預測力。最後，將研究發現，提出建議，以供未來相關研究作參考。 壹、高級中學校長正向領導、教師專業學習社群及學校創新經營之現況 貳、不同背景變項在校長正向領導、教師專業學習社群及學校創新經營之差異情形 参、校長正向領導、教師專業學習社群及教師教學創新呈現正相關情形 肆、校長正向領導、教師專業學習社群對學校創新經營具有預測作用，以「分享教學實務」層面的預測力最佳 一、學校創新經營「行政管理創新」層面四個變項的聯合預測力達65.5% 二、學校創新經營「課程教學創新」層面四個變項的聯合預測力達67.3% 三、學校創新經營「學生活動創新」層面三個變項的聯合預測力達64.7% 四、學校創新經營「資源運用創新」層面五個變項的聯合預測力達68.1% 五、學校創新經營「校園環境創新」層面四個變項的聯合預測力達62.1% 六、學校創新經營整體層面五個變項的聯合預測力達80% 根據研究發現，本節將依據主要研究發現及結論，提出具體建議，以供教育行政機關及學校行政單位、高中教育相關人員及後續研究參考。 關鍵詞：校長正向領導、教師專業學習社群、學校創新經營 / Abstract In this study, a questionnaire survey was conducted to explore the relationship among the positive leadership of principals, professional learning community of teachers and school innovation management in high school teachers of Taipei City and New Taipei City. 650 samples were sent and 491 samples were collected. The recovery rate was 75.54%. There was a total of 461 valid questionnaires and a valid response rate of 71%. First, using the average, standard deviation and etc. to describe the current status of positive leadership of principals, professional learning community of teachers and school innovation management in high schools of Taipei City and New Taipei City; second, use t-test and One-Way ANOVA to examine the perceptual response differences among positive leadership of principals, professional learning community of teachers and school innovation management in the high schools of the two cities with background variables; then, use Pearson product difference to review the correlations; last, with multiple stepwise regression analysis to test the predictability of positive leadership of principals, professional learning community of teachers and school innovation management. Finally, the study results will make recommendations for future reference. I. The current perceptual situation of positive leadership of principals, professional learning community of teachers and school innovation management in high schools is in good condition. II. Different background variables are found in positive leadership of principals, professional learning community of teachers and school innovation management III. The positive leadership of principals, professional learning community of teachers and school innovation management show a positive correlation IV. The positive leadership of principals, professional learning community of teachers and school innovation management have a predictive effect, the level of “sharing teaching practice” has the highest predictability. 1. A level of four variables in school innovation management “Administrative Management Innovation” has reached a predictability of 65.5%. 2. A level of four variables in school innovation management “Curriculum Instruction Innovation” has reached a predictability of 67.3%. 3. A level of three variables in school innovation management “Student Activities Innovation” has reached a predictability of 64.7%. 4. A level of five variables in school innovation management “Resource Utilization Innovation” has reached a predictability of 68.1%. 5. A level of four variables in school innovation management “Campus Environment Innovation” has reached a predictability of 62.1%. 6. A total of five variables in school innovation management has reached a predictability of 80%. According to research study, it is hoped that the findings of this study can lead to substantial suggestions for the reference of educational administration, school administrative unit, high school personnel and further studies. Keywords: positive leadership of principals, professional learning community of teachers, school innovation management

全球的經營環境詭譎多變，對企業而言「變」是唯一的不變。在競爭環境中，大者恆大，資源集中在強勢企業身上，而弱勢企業只能以手邊僅有的資源去面對困境。過去的隨創(bricolage)文獻多半是分析資源匱乏時，如何重新拼湊而找到創新方案，以扭轉局勢。可是我們卻忽略，在獲取、拼湊或重組資源時，弱勢企業正遭遇重重的制約，使得資源拼湊的過程面臨各種障礙。當企業身處動盪的環境中，如何以不足的資源翻轉局勢，是劣勢創新的新課題。本研究將由人力資源的情境中去分析這個新課題。人力資源的重點是找人才、留人才、用人才，讓企業能於競爭中存活，或幸運勝出。在太平盛世時，企業會祭出各種誘因去吸引人才；可是在亂世時，強勢競爭對手各出奇招，以重金禮聘英雄，弱勢企業的誘因就不再誘人。此時，弱勢企業應如何突圍。本研究分析一家位於深圳的互聯網新創公司，在遭遇到「搶人才」的環境中，如何憑藉著有限的資源而發展出一套組織作為因應。在學術貢獻上，本案例分析企業解除人才制約的作為，跳脫誘因設計的理論，思考如何由制度的設計去產生延攬人才的激勵因子。同時，理解隨創過程中，資源拼湊之前弱勢者是如何有嶄新的角度去解讀制約，思考出化阻力為助力的解決方案，設計出回應制約的組織作為。在實務貢獻上，本研究提出在身處動盪環境之際，如何以不足的資源設計出創新的人才管理機制，由選才、育才和評量等層面去設計留才的機制。這些作為不但能做為人力資源管理的參考，其因應制約的方式更可為各類型身處劣勢的企業提供創新的思路。 / Nowadays, the global business environment becomes more and more complex and changeful. For business, ‘change’ is the fact of constant. In the competition environment, the big ones get bigger. Most resources are centralized in a few of powerful enterprises, and vulnerable others can only use less resource at hand to face the difficulty. In the past, bricolage literatures were mostly talking about how to break through dilemma and reverse the status under limited resources. However, we overlook those weak enterprises which encounter constraints when trying to obtain, integrate, or reorganize resources. That makes them confront various barriers when getting piece of resources. When the enterprise is in a turbulent situation, how to turn the tables with limited resources is a new topic. This study would analyze this new theme through the context of human resources. The key point of human resources is to find the talents, retain the talents, and assign the talents, so to make enterprises survive or lucky win from the competition. In the times of peace and order, the enterprises resort kinds of incentives to attract the talents. However, in the troubled times, strong competitors would leave no stone unturned, pay high for hiring hero. Therefore, weak enterprises’ incentives are no longer attractive. At this point, how vulnerable enterprises break through? This study analyzes how a new Internet company in Shenzhen they rely on the limited resources to develop an organization action in the "headhunting” environment. In the academic contribution, this case analysis of how the enterprise remove human resource conduct limitation, get rid of the incentive design theory, and then thinking about how to encourage the talents through the system programming. Meanwhile, to understand in the process of implement create, before piece of resources putting together, how the weak explain the constraints with a new perspective, thinking of the solution by transforming obstacles into benefits, and designed an organized behavior to respond the constraints. In the practical contribution, this study presents how to design an innovative human resource management via selecting, training, and assess employees with insufficient resources when in the turbulent environment. Not only can be the reference of human resources management, these ideas can also bring the innovative thoughts for all types of disadvantaged enterprises

金融科技是當前歐美先進國家之潮流趨勢，由於資訊科技的進步，現今金融業者面對外在競爭者不再只侷限於傳統金融業者，新創科技業者也加入角逐金融服務這塊大餅，破壞式創新正在我國加速發酵中。金融科技新興商業模式的興起，涉及各個不同面向與關鍵成功因素，這些面向與關鍵因素之間的相對權重，乃是相關產業與政府部門值得深入探討的課題。 本研究旨在探討台灣金融科技關鍵因素之權重分析，藉由相關文獻的蒐集與彙整，建立層級架構，主層級架構包含四個面向：政府面向指標、業者面向指標、顧客面向指標、以及技術安全指標，藉由此四項指標整合出各項次層級之影響因素，透過層級分析法進行研究分析，整理出各項影響因素的權重排序。 本研究透過市場調查，將問卷對象分為兩類，包括專家以及學生群組，經過問卷調查後發現，不論專家或是學生群組，皆認為「技術安全指標」是金融科技發展中最重要的關鍵指標。在整體問卷實證結果中，關鍵因素之權重排序依次為：「提升消費者信賴程度」(0.0864)、「法規的鬆綁與調整」(0.0563)、「使用者身份加密機制」(0.0523)、「勒索軟體之威脅」(0.0488)、以及「殭屍病毒之威脅」(0.0475)。 不同群組的問卷對象之調查結果顯示，專家群組認為「提升消費者信賴程度」(0.1112) 以及「擴增消費者體驗」(0.0586)為前二重要的影響因子；學生群組認為「提升消費者信賴程度」(0.0630)、以及「使用者身份加密機制」(0.0575)為前二重要的影響因子。專家以及學生群組皆認為「提升消費者信賴程度」為金融科技發展中相對重要的影響因子。 / Financial technology is the current trend of the advanced countries such as Europe and the United States. Due to the progress of information technology, the current financial industry that faces the external competitors are no longer confined to the traditional financial industry, the new technology industry also joined the financial services. Disruptive Innovation is accelerating fermentation. The rise of the emerging business model of financial technology involves various different aspects and key success factors. The relative weight between these and the key factors is the subject of the relevant industries and government departments that are worthy of further study. The purpose of this study is to explore the weight analysis of the key factors of Taiwan's financial science and technology, and to establish a hierarchical structure through the collection and compilation of related literature. The main level structure includes four aspects: government-oriented indicators, industry-oriented indicators, customer orientation, and technical safety Index. Through the four indicators of the integration of the sub-level of the influencing factors, and also through the hierarchical analysis of research and analysis, it is sorted out the impact of the weight of the factors. Through the market survey, the questionnaire will be divided into two categories, including experts and student groups. It is found that regardless of the expert or student groups, both of them think that "technical safety indicators" is the most important financial technology development Key indicators. In the whole questionnaire, the key factors are ranked as follows: "Enhancing the degree of consumer trust" (0.0864), "Relaxation and adjustment of regulations" (0.0563), "User identity encryption mechanism" (0.0523)," the threat of the software " (0.0488), and "the zombie virus threat " (0.0475). The results of the questionnaires of the different groups show that the group of experts considered " Enhancing the degree of consumer trust" (0.1112) and the "Expanded Consumer Experience" (0.0586) as the first two influencing factors; the student groups consider " Consumer trust" (0.0630), and the" user identity encryption mechanism" (0.0575) for the first two important factors. Experts and students consider that "Enhancing the degree of consumer trust" for the development of financial technology is a relatively important factor.

摘要 本研究旨在瞭解國民小學學校型態實驗教育的創新經營、組織效能與校長領導行為之內涵與現況，探討其關係，進而建構與驗證三者之互動模式，最後依據研究結果提出建議。本研究採用文件分析與調查研究法，以台灣地區105學年度公辦公營之國民小學學校型態實驗教育學校教師為研究對象，總共發出335份問卷，問卷回收率為91.94%，有效問卷則為89.55%。正式問卷回收後，分別以描述性統計、獨立樣本t考驗、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關以及結構方程模式等統計方法進行分析。 依據研究結果與分析歸納，獲得結論如下： 一、國民小學學校型態實驗教育在學校創新經營現況呈現中高程度發展。 二、國民小學學校型態實驗教育在學校組織效能現況呈現中高程度發展。 三、國民小學學校型態實驗教育在校長領導行為現況呈現中高程度發展。 四、在國民小學學校型態實驗教育之教育人員的背景變項中， 不同職務、校長在該校服務年資、不同學校規模等，在創新經營得分之差異達顯著水準。 五、在國民小學學校型態實驗教育之教育人員的背景變項中， 不同職務、校長在該校服務年資、不同學校規模等，在學校組織效能得分之差異達顯著水準。 六、在國民小學學校型態實驗教育之教育人員的背景變項中，不同服務年資、不同職務、校長在該校服務年資、不同學校規模等，在校長領導行為得分之差異達顯著水準。 七、整體學校創新經營與整體學校組織效能間呈顯著的正相關，且與「學生學習」及「學生展能」之相關程度最高。 八、整體校長領導行為與整體學校組織效能間呈顯著的正相關，且與「行政領導」及「控制」之相關程度最高。 九、整體校長領導行為與整體學校創新經營間呈顯著的正相關，且與「行政管理」及「控制」之相關程度最高。 十、學校創新經營透過校長領導行為影響學校組織效能，校長領導行為具有部分中介效果。 本研究根據以上結論，提出相關建議，俾供主管教育行政機關、學校教育人員及後續研究之參考。 / Abstract This study aims to understand the connotations and status of the innovative operation, organizational effectiveness and the dean’s leadership in primary schools under the school-pattern experimental education, probe into their relations so as to construct and validate the patterns of interactions between these three aspects and finally propose suggestions based on the research results. The document analysis and survey method is adopted for the study purpose and the objects are the teachers in public primary schools that apply school-pattern experimental education in 2016. A total of 335 questionnaires were issued, with a response rate of 91.94% and a valid response rate of 89.55%. The collected questionnaires were analyzed with such statistic methods as descriptive statistics, T-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's product-moment correlations, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The study came to the following conclusions based on the findings and analytic induction: 1.The school-pattern experimental education in primary schools shows a medium to high level of development in the school’ s innovative operation. 2.The school-pattern experimental education in primary schools shows a medium to high level of development in the school’ s organizational effectiveness. 3.The school-pattern experimental education in primary schools shows a medium to high level of development in the principal’s leadership. 4.Among the background variables of educators in primary schools applying school-type experimental education, such variables as the educators’ titles, the principal’s seniority in the school as well as the size of the school would bring significant differences in the scores of the school’s innovation operation. 5.Among the background variables of educators in primary schools applying school-type experimental education, such variables as the educators’ titles, the principal’s seniority in the school as well as the size of the school would bring significant differences in the scores of the school’s organizational effectiveness. 6.Among the background variables of educators in primary schools applying school-type experimental education, such variables as the educators’ seniority and titles, the principal’s seniority in the school as well as the size of the school would bring significant differences in the scores of the principal’s leadership. 7.The school’s overall innovative operation has a significant positive correlation with its organizational effectiveness, with the highest degree of correlation with “students’ study” and “students’ performance”. 8.The principal’s overall leadership has a significant positive correlation with the school’s organizational effectiveness, with the highest degree of correlation with “administrative leadership” and “control”. 9.The principal’s overall leadership has a significant positive correlation with the school’s innovative operation, with the highest degree of correlation with “administrative management” and “control”. 10.The school’s innovative operations would influence its organizational effectiveness through the principal’s leadership, which embodies a partial medium effect. Based on the above conclusions, this study proposed related suggestions for the reference of competent educational and administrative authorities, the school educators as well as future studies.