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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
51

國內證券金融公司企業價值研究以環華及安泰公司為例

張財育, Chang,Dan T.Y. Unknown Date (has links)
國內證券信用交易中介機構係採雙軌制,由復華、富邦、環華、安泰等四家證券金融公司,以及多家自辦信用交易的證券商共同辦理,國內因證券信用交易市場發展的背景衍生出特有的證券金融公司,經過近二十七年的發展,證券金融公司在證券市場的地位及重要性已經產生質變,發展上長期面臨的核心問題為: 1.業務集中度偏高以及; 2.業務規模萎縮導致經營不具經濟效益。 本研究結果係建立於外部資訊上,其中雖然有客觀的基礎數據,然亦包含若干主觀判斷的假設值,以個案公司歷史之財務業務資訊為推論基礎, 透過EVA®觀點評估企業之超額報酬及採取權益現金流量(Equity Cash Flow Approach)折現方式推論個案公司之企業價值。 就本個案之研討結論來看,個案公司似已經陷入產業的衰退期,從財務的訊息所獲得的是低度成長性及低報酬率,而且未來之成長動能力道相當微弱,尤其是代理券商家數逐漸減少,因此就資本投入之機會成本、學理研究以EVA®及超額報酬長期處負值產生的低投資價值企業,現有之經營者實應評估與衡量現存之產業情態,應思考企業有無發展另一再成長動能之機會,如無,則應思考與其他同業合併、業務讓與、甚至減資撤出資本的可能。
52

內部人持股,投資人保護與公司價值 / Ownership, Protection, and Firm Value

林惠珊, Lin, Huei-Shan Unknown Date (has links)
La Porta 等人以提高內部人持股可使內、外部股東利益一致,進而降低代理問題的觀點出發,在2002 年發表的實證研究中指出,提高內部人持股有助於提升公司的價值,特別是在對外部投資人保護較差的國家;他們也發現,對投資人保護程度愈好的國家,該國企業的價值也較高。本研究則從提高內部人持股可能產生的代理問題著手,在利弊同時存在之下,以涵蓋範圍更廣、時間更長的樣本,探討在不同的投資人保護環境下,提高內部人持股對公司價值的影響,以及投資人保護程度對於內部人持股集中與分散的公司價值是否也有不同的影響。 本研究發現,在投資人保護較佳的國家,提高內部人持股會傷害公司價值,但在投資人保護較差的國家,提高內部人持股可增加公司價值。另外,公司價值與內部人持股率之間呈現曲線關係,當內部人持股率相對較低時,提高內部人持股對公司價值是弊多於利;當內部人持股水準相對較高時,提高內部人持股則是利多於弊。而投資人保護程度對於內部人持股較分散的公司而言,顯得較為重要。因此,法律層面對投資人的保護程度和內部人持股集中度對於公司價值的影響有顯著的替代效果。 / This paper uses a sample of companies from 34 countries around the world to shed light on the relationships among legal protection of shareholders, ownership structure, and firm value. La Porta et al. (2002) indicate a positive relationship between cash flow, ownership, and firm value, especially in countries with poor investor protection. Besides, they also find evidence of higher valuation of firms in countries with better protection of minority shareholders. However, they don’t consider the effect of higher ownership on the cost of stealing, which may cause the controlling shareholders to expropriate more from minority shareholders. Also, their study covers only large firms with a controlling shareholder by one year data. Their results can be restricted to large firms and a particular year. Therefore, we use more comprehensive time series and cross section data to probe into the subject. Using various specifications of the valuation regressions of Fama and French (1998), we find that higher ownership improves valuation in poor protection countries while higher ownership deteriorates valuation in good protection countries. In addition, stronger legal protection improves firm value, especially the firms with low ownership concentration. That is, there is a substitute effect of legal protection and ownership concentration on firm valuation. Finally, we also testify that dividends are valued more in poor protection countries and firms with low ownership concentration.
53

壽險保單之存續期間分析 / Duration analyses of life insurance policies

鄒治華 Unknown Date (has links)
摘要 衡量壽險公司利率風險的初步作法是估算保單的存續期間。保單的存續期間因現金流量模式的不同與一般債券的存續期間有很大的差異。壽險保單未來不只會產生現金流出 (給付和費用),還會有現金流入(保費),其淨現金流量因而有可能變號,所以壽險保單的存續期問可能小於○,也可能大於到期日,甚至還可能因為準備金接近○的關係而有很大的數值。此外,保單的存續期間不太受死亡率下降的影響,解約率升高通常會使存續期問的數值降低,而佣金的平準化則會使原本正的存續期問變小。從壽險公司銷售保單組合可能的結果(平穩、成長、衰退等三種型態)來分析負債存續期間,由其結果可知一個新創立或成長型的壽險公司其所面臨利率風險的衝擊要大於一個處於平穩型或衰退型的壽險公司。 關鍵字:存續期間、利率風險、淨現金流量、壽險保單、準備金 / Abstract Estimating the duration of the life insurance policy is the first step in measuring the interest rate risk of the life insurance company. Life insurance policy's duration is quite different from bond's due to the difference in the pattern of cash flows. Life insurance policies generate not only cash outflows as payments to policyholders from insurance companies but also cash inflows as premiums from policyholders to insurers. Furthermore, the net cash flow usually turns from inflow to outflow as time goes by. The duration of the life insurance policy therefore could be negative or longer than the maturity of the policy. It could even be huge if its reserve is close to zero. Besides, the mortality rate does not have a significant impact on policy duration; early surrenders of policies would reduce policy duration in general; and leveling commission rate would make positive duration smaller. Findings concluding from analyzing the likely results, referring to the steadying, growing and declining modes, of insurance portfolios offered by life insurance companies for analyzing their liability duration, indicate that the interest rate risk exposure by a start-up life insurance company or a growing life insurance company is greater than a life insurance company that is at a steadying or declining phase. Keywords: duration, interest rate risk, net cash flow, life insurance policies, reserve.
54

台灣地區上市公司股票評價模式之研究-以電器電纜業為例

洪美慧, Hong, Mei-Huei Unknown Date (has links)
有鑑於國內投資人已漸漸注重基本分析,因此本研究將以電器電纜業為例,針對一般股票評價模式作研究。首先比較各種評價理論所計算出的結果與市場實際價格之間的落差,進行研究之後,分析各種評價法落差的情形,進而尋求對電器電纜業最適當的評價方法。並以此預測電器電纜公司88年底之實質價值,再與實際價格比較之後,提供投資大眾買進賣出之參考。 首先將過去文獻資料中影響公司成長的因素,利用相關分析以及逐步迴歸法,找出影響電器電纜公司銷售額成長的主要因素,以這些因素建構一條迴歸方程式,作為計算各公司未來成長率的依據。以過去最常用到的六種評價模式:現金流量折現法、會計盈餘折現法、本益比法、價格/帳面價值比法、價格/銷售比法及選擇權定價法來研究其效果。實際作法是分別計算各電器電纜公司79年至83年的價值,再與其各年度之實際股價比較,以Theil’s U值找出最佳之評價模式。最後則是利用所選出最適合我國電器電纜業的股票評價模式,配合第一部份所得之成長率,推算電器電纜業公司89-93年之財務報表,藉以算出其88年底的實質價值。 本研究之實證結果為:由總體經濟自變數之相關分析中可得,本研究在經濟面採用我國經濟成長率(E1)、台幣兌美元匯率(E2)、躉受物價指數(E4)、貨幣市場利率(E5)以及股票價格指數(E6)等五個變數;再加上影響公司營運成果的11個財務比率,引入逐步迴歸模式中。結果發現電器電纜業銷售額模式中,投入變數順序為固定資產週轉率(C4)、存貨週轉率(C3)、總資產週轉率(C5)、賺得利息倍數(C7)、躉售物價指數(E4)、負債比率(C6)以及貨幣市場利率(E5)。第二部分的實證結果結果發現市價帳面價值法為電線電纜業最佳的評價模式,其次為市價銷售額法。因此本研究最後以市價帳面價值法來計算電器電纜公司88年底之股價,提供大眾作為投資時的參考。
55

台灣股票型基金投資人報酬預測能力之研究

李翊菱 Unknown Date (has links)
國外研究證實,由於基金績效具有持續性,則理性的投資人會以過去績效最為投資參考依據,將資金投入過去表現佳的基金,而此一投資決策應能持續創造超額報酬或風險溢酬,因此市場資金應會流向未來績效佳的基金(smart money effect),此即為現金流量報酬預期效果且由於基金的現金流量變動代表投資人的投資決策變動,故現金流量報酬預期效果亦即為投資人對於股票型基金報酬的預測能力。 為瞭解台灣基金投資是否具有報酬預測能力(選對好基金,將資金由壞基金中抽離的決策),而此能力是否會因基金基金規模產生差異,且市場投資人可否根據此一公開資訊(上上期的現金流量)、累積資訊(累積前三期的淨現金流量)作為投資參考,並賺取超額報酬。本研究根據建構八組投資組合,包括三組不同基礎的現金流入(出)交易策略,比較各投資組合的報酬預期效果。 結果發現,台灣股票型基金投資人並不具備報酬預期能力,且常做出錯誤的決策,通常由好基金中籌離資金,喪失獲取較佳報酬的機會。而市場投資人無法藉由遞延一期的現金流量資訊獲取較佳超額報酬機會,但可藉由過去累積三期的現金流量資訊,將資金由淨現金流入金額大的基金中抽離,並投資於淨現金流出金額較大的基金,可因而獲取較佳的績效。另外,投資人對小型基金的報酬預期能力優於大型基金。
56

網路股評價-雅虎個案研究 / Valuation of Internet Companies -- A Case Study of Yahoo!

林連彬, Steven Lin Unknown Date (has links)
In this article, the author is trying (1) to know more about the Internet industry, theoretically and practically, (2) to know the strengths and weaknesses of Internet companies with different business models, and the criteria that can be used to tell a winner from a would-be loser, and (3) to arrive fundamental approaches that could be used or that would be suitable to the valuation of a given Internet stock. They are mainly because the law of increasing return, first mover advantage, brand name advantage and model consolidation that make the competitiveness of leading Internet companies increase continually, and make it harder and harder to survive for new entrants. The author compares different valuation models including dividend discount model, discount free cash flow method, adjusted discount free cash flow method, EVA method, P/S, P/B, P/E multiples, and other non-financial multiples such as page view multiples and unique visitor multiples. Among them, the adjusted discount free cash flow method is the most suitable model to the valuation of Yahoo! and other leading portals that already report positive earnings or can be sure to make money in the near future. Other valuation models cannot be used to the valuation of portals.
57

運用現金流量資訊預測企業財務危機之實證研究 / Using Information of Cash Flows to Predict Financial Distress

李智雯, Lee, Jr-Wen Unknown Date (has links)
企業發生財務危機,不僅使其經營陷入生死關頭之掙扎,更影響眾多投資人、債權人的利益,對於整個經濟環境亦造成一定的衝擊。因此,如何提早察覺企業之危機,以減少社會成本,實值得我們深入研究。 本研究主要目的為評估現金流量表揭露之資訊,於預測企業財務危機的有用性。本研究欲探討現金流量資訊是否為預測企業財務危機的良好指標,於建構企業財務危機預警模式之際,加入現金流量的財務指標是否會比僅以傳統財務比率建立之預警模式,更具預測能力。 本研究採用配對樣本設計,在我國上市公司中共選取了35家危機公司與68家正常公司。並利用Logit迴歸分析分別建立現金流量模式、應計財務模式與綜合模式,得到以下結論: 一、在財務危機發生之前一至三年,本研究所使用的應計基礎財務比率並非皆適合用來區分危機公司與正常公司。 二、除了營業活動現金流量相關比率具有顯著的區別能力外,部分投資與融資活動現金流量相關比率亦提供額外的財務危機警訊。 三、現金流量比率預警模式之預測力表現不遜於應計基礎比率模式;但在應計基礎比率中加入現金流量比率,並未顯著提高模式的預測能力。 / The objective of this study is to assess the usefulness of cash flow disclosures in the prediction of financial distress. This study also determines whether cash flow ratios are good indicator of financial distress and whether adding cash flow ratios in prediction model can improve the predictive ability of the model employing conventional accrual-based ratios. Using a matched pair design, this study examines a sample of 35 distress firms along with 68 non-distress firms. Also, a logistic regression analysis is used to establish the financial distress model with and without cash flow variables respectively, in order to test the hypotheses developed by this study and to derive the conclusion. The findings of this study are as follows. 1. During the period between 3 years to 1 year before financial distress, the accrual-based ratios used in this study aren't all good predictor in financial distress model. 2. The discriminate ability of operating cash flow data is significant. Also, the investing and financing cash flow data provide additional information in the prediction of business distress. 3. Cash flow ratios provide a superior measure for the prediction of financial distress over accrual-based ratios. However, no significant evidence shows that using cash flow ratios in conjunction with accrual-based ratios can improve the overall predictive power of accrual-based ratios alone.
58

會計盈餘與現金盈餘相對資訊內涵之研究 / The Information Content of Earning and Cash Flow

趙秋美, Chao, Chiu Mei Unknown Date (has links)
本研究的主旨在探討現金盈餘與會計盈餘之相對資訊內涵,並進一步探討會計選擇在股價形成中,所扮演之角色。FASB在觀念性公報第一號提出:應計基礎係將現金基礎彙總轉換,故其所包含的資訊較現金基礎來得多,品質也較高。因此,會計盈餘應較現金盈餘更具資訊內涵。而繼美國財務會計準則公報第95號公布二年後,國內於民國78年12月發布財務會計準財公報第17號「現金流量表」,故本研究探討會計盈餘與現金盈餘究竟何者較能解釋股票報酬?進一步分析淨應計項目是否具增額資訊內涵?最後將盈餘做理論上之分解,比較其資訊內涵,並利用公司規模、產業、應計項目幅度及營業週期等因素對該關係之解釋力做敏感度分析。   本研究以159家樣本公司作為研究對象,蒐集民國79年至84年的資料,以pooling 及橫斷面設計,迴歸分析來比較會計盈餘與現金盈餘和股票報酬的關聯性。   經由實證結果,本研究獲致如下的結論:   一、會計盈餘與現金盈餘資訊內涵之比較   會計盈餘與股票報酬關聯性大於現金盈餘與股票報酬的關聯。且稅後淨利的資訊品質優於營業淨利。   二、應計項目資訊內涵    (一)除第一季及第三季外,淨應計項目並未具有超過盈餘之增額資訊內涵。    (二)除第一季外,流動應計項目並未較非流動應計項目具有較佳的資訊內涵。    (三)在反迴歸模式中,淨應計項目、流動及非流動應計項目均具有增額資訊內涵。   三、盈餘組成分子增額資訊內涵    (一)將盈餘分解成營運之現金流量及淨應計項目,對股票報酬的解釋力並無增加;但淨應計項目有超過營運之現金流量之資訊內涵。    (二)現金流量表中要素具有增額資訊內涵,其中營業及投資活動之現金流量皆具有資訊內涵,而理財活動則無。   四、敏感度分析:公司規模、應計項目幅度及淨營業項目的長短皆會影響盈餘、現金流量與股票報酬關聯性。    (一)公司規模與股價報酬對會計資訊的反應有關聯,加入公司規模變數後,使盈餘與股票報酬關聯性增加。    (二)應計項目的幅度會影響盈餘、現金流量與股票報酬關聯性。且應計項目幅度較小者,其結果較佳。    (三)淨營業循環的長短也會影響盈餘、現金流量與股票報酬關聯性。且淨營業循環較短者,其結果較佳。
59

解約率模型建構及應用-台灣壽險經驗 / Lapse rate modeling and application- Taiwan life insurance experience

邱珮娟 Unknown Date (has links)
一般而言,壽險公司會在保險契約生效前就支付保單相關之費用,例如核保與承保之成本,並且公司會預期未來保險期間內可以填補上述費用;但若保戶於保險期間內早期解約或是解約情形嚴重,將使壽險公司難達到損益兩平之目標而招受損失,影響公司預期盈收,進而增加公司資金調度上之困難。因此,對於長期穩健經營之壽險公司而言,瞭解各保險解約率變動情形對於公司之財務規劃相當重要,以期降低危害公司之風險。 本文期望藉由台灣保險事業發展中心之實證資料蒐集與相關分析,探討影響台灣壽險業生死合險及不還本終身壽險解約之因素以及其解約率之特性,進而建立與利差及保單年度相關之解約率模型,以期能準確地估計台灣壽險公司生死合險解約率與不還本終身壽險解約率。除此之外,本研究將所建構之解約率模型應用於公司未來現金流量分析,以蒙地卡羅法模擬各險種保單準備金之分配,瞭解各種解約率假設對於公司未來現金流量之影響,進而瞭解解約率參數假設對於準備金風險之評估扮演重要角色。 / In general, the life insurance companies would pay the expenses with respect to the insurance policies before the validity of insurance contracts such as underwriting and insuring costs. If the policyholders are early-surrendered or over-surrendered during the policy period, then it will make the insurance companies hard to achieve their break-even goal and result in affecting the companies’ surplus as well as management of their capital. Thus, for the long-term and stable life insurance companies, it is extremely important to understand the changes of lapse rate in order to reduce the financial risk damage before making any financial decisions. In this article, we expect to focus on the causes and the features of lapse rate changes by collecting and analyzing the empirical data of endowment and whole life insurance in Taiwan from Taiwan Insurance Institute. Based on our analysis, we could build the lapse rate model concerning the relation between the lapse rate and interest rate difference or policy year for estimating the endowment lapse rate and whole life insurance lapse rate accurately. Moreover, we apply the lapse rate model to company’s cash flow analysis. We employ the Monte Carlo simulation to simulate the policy reserve distribution, and we find out that the lapse rate assumption plays an important role in the policy reserve evaluation.
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以實質選擇權觀點評估收購計劃之策略價值:G公司收購W公司案 / M&A enterprise value evaluation by real option

王勝弘 Unknown Date (has links)
金融海嘯提供企業以最低成本進行併購的機會,企業藉此達到外部成長的目的,但併購案之綜效價值如何轉化成有意義的數據,幫助主併公司進行併購價格的評估,是許多企業在進行併購時的疑問。   本研究的目的為運用企業評價中的現金流量折現法與實質選擇權法,來進行神基科技收購華孚科技之併購價值評估。本研究利用現金流量折現法與實質選擇權評價法相互搭配,將各項決策所創造之彈性價值納入分析,更充分涵蓋併購策略的綜效價值。   研究結果顯示,若不考量選擇權彈性價值,則神基科技收購華孚科技所付出之溢價很高,已接近華孚之未來可能價值。加入了選擇權價值之擴充性淨現值比收購價格高出很多,顯示主併公司在評估該收購案時,可能已考量策略彈性價值。 / Financial crisis leads to an opportunity for the enterprise to do mergers and acquisitions at the lower cost. The enterprise could achieve external growth by mergers and acquisitions. However, how to translate the synergy of merger into meaningful data to help companies evaluate the accurate acquisition price during M&A is important and difficult. The objective of this study is to use the evaluation methods of enterprise value during M&A process, including discounted cash flow method (DCF) and real options method, to accurately evaluate the enterprise value of the combined one. The foundation will be based on the evaluation on the two existing companies. Then the assumption of the running situation after merging, and the judgment of the dimension of coordination effects will be the key points.

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