Les antipsychotiques de deuxième génération (ADG) sont de plus en plus employés dans le traitement de troubles psychiatriques. Selon de nombreuses observations cliniques, les effets secondaires reliés à la prise d’ADG diffèrent chez les patients atteints de schizophrénie (SCZ) et de maladies affectives (MA) éprouvent divers. Ainsi, il s’avère nécessaire d’étudier la fréquence et l'intensité des effets secondaires induits par les ADG qui pourraient différer selon le diagnostic. Pour ce faire, nous avons effectué une revue systématique de la littérature afin d’identifier l’ensemble des études rapportant les effets secondaires de cinq ADG (aripiprazole, olanzapine, quétiapine, rispéridone et ziprasidone) dans le traitement de la schizophrénie ou des maladies affectives. Les effets secondaires métaboliques et extrapyramidaux ont été recueillis séparément pour les deux groupes de patients, puis ont été combinés dans une méta-analyse. Des méta-régressions ainsi que des sous-analyses ont également été effectuées dans le but de regarder l’effet de différents modérateurs (i.e. âge, genre, et dose). Dans la présente méta-analyse, 107 études ont été inclues. Les résultats montrent que le traitement avec l’olanzapine a occasionné une plus importante prise de poids chez les patients SCZ comparativement aux patients MA. De plus, le traitement à la quétiapine a amené une hausse significative du taux de LDL et de cholestérol total dans le groupe SCZ par rapport au groupe MA. Selon nos résultats, les symptômes extrapyramidaux étaient plus fréquents dans le groupe MA, excepté pour le traitement à l'olanzapine qui a induit davantage de ces symptômes chez les patients SCZ. Également, nos résultats suggèrent que les patients SCZ seraient plus vulnérables à certains effets métaboliques induits par les ADG dû à une possible susceptibilité génétique ou à la présence de facteurs de risque associés au style de vie. D'autre part, les patients MA en comparaison aux SCZ étaient plus enclins à souffrir de troubles du mouvement induits par les ADG. Bref, les ADG semblent exacerber certains types d’effets secondaires tout dépendant de la maladie dans laquelle on les utilise. / Second generation antipsychotics (SGAs) are extensively prescribed for psychiatric disorders. Based on clinical observations, schizophrenia (SCZ) and affective disorders (AD) patients experience different SGAs side effects. The expanded use of SGAs in psychiatry suggests a need to investigate whether there is a difference in the incidence and severity of side-effects related to diagnosis. A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify studies reporting side effects of five SGAs (aripiprazole, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone and ziprasidone) in the treatment of SCZ or AD. The metabolic and extrapyramidal side effects were collected separately for each group, and then were combined in a meta-analysis. Meta-regression and sub-analyses were also performed to investigate the role of different moderators (e.g., age, dose and gender). One hundred and seven studies were included in the analysis. Olanzapine induced a body weight gain significantly higher in SCZ patients than in AD patients. In addition, quetiapine treatment led to significantly higher LDL and total cholesterol mean change in the SCZ group relative to the AD group. Based on our results, the incidence of extrapyramidal side effects was more frequent in the AD group, except for olanzapine that caused more parkinsonism in SCZ patients. Our results suggest that SCZ patients may be more vulnerable to some SGA-induced metabolic disturbances, in which lifestyle risk factors and a possible inherent genetic vulnerability may play a role. Most of the studied SGAs caused more movement disorders in AD patients than in schizophrenics. It might be that an antipsychotic induces severity of side effect according to the phenotype.

Contexte : la présence d’un biais cognitif négatif chez les individus qui souffrent de dépression majeure (DM) et ceux qui y sont à haut risque (e.g. enfants de mères qui souffrent de DM) est maintenant établie. Aucune étude portant sur la vulnérabilité cognitive (VC) des membres de la fratrie n’est rapportée. Objectifs : la présente étude a pour but de vérifier si la fratrie des adolescents qui souffrent de DM présentent une VC qui les prédisposent à la DM. Méthode : cette étude porte sur 49 adolescents (18 participants traités pour une DM, 16 membres de la fratrie et 15 participants témoin), âgés entre 12 et 20 ans. La VC de chaque participant est quantifiée via un questionnaire qui mesure la réactivité cognitive (RC), soit le LEIDS-R, et une tâche de reconnaissance des expressions faciale (REF). La cognition sociale des participants est mesurée par le MASC, un outil qui évalue la cognition sociale par médium vidéo et que notre équipe a traduit de l’allemand au français. Résultats : les résultats préliminaires de la présente étude indiquent qu’une différence de réactivité cognitive est présente entre les adolescents traités pour une DM et les participants du groupe témoin (p < 0,001). L’analyse préliminaire tend à indiquer qu’une différence est présente entre la fratrie et le groupe contrôle. Conclusion : plusieurs de nos résultats tendent en faveur de la présence d’une VC prédisposant à la DM chez la fratrie des adolescents souffrant de DM. Ces résultats préliminaires doivent être confirmés par des études longitudinales. / Background: a negative cognitive bias is present among individuals who suffers from major depression. This bias is also reported among individuals at high risk of major depression (e.g. child of depressed mother). No study to date aimed to evaluate cognitive vulnerability of siblings of depressed individuals. Objectives: the present study aim to verify if siblings of depressed adolescents present a cognitive vulnerability that would predispose them to develop a major depression. Method: This study evaluates 49 adolescents (18 participants treated for depression, 16 siblings and 15 controls), aged between 12 and 20 years old. The cognitive vulnerability of every participant has been assessed using an auto-report questionnaire of symptoms (LEIDS-R) that evaluates cognitive reactivity and a task of facial recognition. Social cognition of participants is measured using the Movie for Assessment of Social Cognition (MASC) that we translated from german to french. Results: the preliminary analyses of this study concludes that a significant difference of cognitive reactivity is present between adolescents treated for depression and controls (p < 0.001). Conclusion: some of our results tend to confirm the presence of a cognitive vulnerability to depression among siblings of depressed adolescents. Those results are still preliminary and need to be confirmed by longitudinal studies. / Réalisé sous la co-direction de Linda Booij, Catherine Herba et Patricia Garel

Introdução: A privação de sono (PdS) tem sido utilizada como um estratégia alternativa para o tratamento do Transtorno Depressivo Maior (TDM), contudo sua eficácia e efetividade carecem de estudos homogêneos e de bom delinemento para dar um grau de evidência científica para seu uso na prática diária. Assim sendo, desde a primeira publicação, em 1971, num relato de caso de um paciente com TDM grave tipo melancólico, por Plug e Tölle, o mesmo estava assintomático no dia seguinte à privação total de sono. Contudo, na noite seguinte de sono seus sintomas depressivos retornaram. Nestes quase 40 anos desde esta publicação houve dezenas de estudos em sua maioria relatos de caso, série de casos ou até estudos abertos só que misturando pacientes com TDM com Depressão Bipolar sem mesmo distinguir se tipo I ou II. A cafeína com seu efeito estimulador poderia ser uma alternativa para facilitar a privação de sono. No entanto, não há dados sobre o sua potencial influência no efeito antidepressivo da PdS. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar o efeito da cafeína na PdS em pacientes deprimidos unipolares moderados a graves não psicóticos. Métodos: Ensaio Clínico randomizado, duplo cego, cruzado, comparando cafeína contra placebo em pacientes deprimidos moderados a graves submetidos à privação total de sono (PdS). Os pacientes foram avaliados por itens da escala de Lader, HAMD- 6 itens, CGI Severidade e Melhora Global. Resultados: Foram avaliados 20 pacientes. Os pacientes que usaram cafeína mantiveram o mesmo escore de energia pré e pós-privação de sono (item energético-letárgico da escala de Lader) enquanto os do grupo placebo diminuíram o escore de energia pós-privação de sono. (p = 0,0045). Não houve diferença entre o grupo cafeína e placebo nos demais itens da escala de Lader. Conclusão: O uso combinado de cafeína e PdS pode ser uma estratégia útil para manter os pacientes mais acordados sem o prejuízo do cansaço da PdS em pacientes ambulatoriais deprimidos. Contudo, mais estudos envolvendo pacientes que tenham 10 respondido à PdS são necessários para verificar se a cafeína também não interfere nos resultados deste grupo. / Introduction: Sleep deprivation (SD) has been used as an alternative approach to treat major depressive disorder (MDD), however the efficacy and the effectiveness needs studies with homogeneity and better delineament to strengthen the evidence based medicine to the use in the practical daily use. Besides, since the 1° puplication in 1971 of a case report, by Plug and Tölle, in that one patient with severe melancholic depressive disorder achieved remission in the next day after a total sleep deprivation. However his depressive sintomtology was back after the next night of sleep. Since this almost 40 years, a lot of papers were puplished, and the majority where case report, case reports and open trials with patients with MDD, bipolar depression without make difference between tipe I or II. Caffeine, due to its stimulating effect, could be an alternative to promote sleep deprivation. However, there are no data about its potential influence on the antidepressive effect of SD. The objective of this study is to assess the effect of caffeine on SD in non-psychotic patients with moderate to severe unipolar depression. Methods: Randomized, double-blind, crossover clinical trial comparing caffeine and placebo in moderate to severe depressed patients who underwent total sleep deprivation (SD). The patients were assessed with items of the Bond-Lader Scale, the 6-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-6), and the Clinical Global Impression (CGI)-Severity/Improvement. Results: Twenty patients participated in this study. The patients who consumed caffeine presented the same score of energy before and after sleep deprivation (lethargicenergetic item of the Bond-Lader scale), while the patients in the placebo group had a reduced score of energy after sleep deprivation (p = 0.0045). There was no difference between the caffeine and placebo groups in the other items of the Bond-Lader scale. Conclusion: The combined use of caffeine and SD can be a useful strategy to keep the 12 patient awake without impairing the effect of SD on depressed outpatients. However, further studies involving patients who have responded to SD are needed in order to verify if caffeine also does not interfere with the results in this group.

Introdução: A privação de sono (PdS) tem sido utilizada como um estratégia alternativa para o tratamento do Transtorno Depressivo Maior (TDM), contudo sua eficácia e efetividade carecem de estudos homogêneos e de bom delinemento para dar um grau de evidência científica para seu uso na prática diária. Assim sendo, desde a primeira publicação, em 1971, num relato de caso de um paciente com TDM grave tipo melancólico, por Plug e Tölle, o mesmo estava assintomático no dia seguinte à privação total de sono. Contudo, na noite seguinte de sono seus sintomas depressivos retornaram. Nestes quase 40 anos desde esta publicação houve dezenas de estudos em sua maioria relatos de caso, série de casos ou até estudos abertos só que misturando pacientes com TDM com Depressão Bipolar sem mesmo distinguir se tipo I ou II. A cafeína com seu efeito estimulador poderia ser uma alternativa para facilitar a privação de sono. No entanto, não há dados sobre o sua potencial influência no efeito antidepressivo da PdS. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar o efeito da cafeína na PdS em pacientes deprimidos unipolares moderados a graves não psicóticos. Métodos: Ensaio Clínico randomizado, duplo cego, cruzado, comparando cafeína contra placebo em pacientes deprimidos moderados a graves submetidos à privação total de sono (PdS). Os pacientes foram avaliados por itens da escala de Lader, HAMD- 6 itens, CGI Severidade e Melhora Global. Resultados: Foram avaliados 20 pacientes. Os pacientes que usaram cafeína mantiveram o mesmo escore de energia pré e pós-privação de sono (item energético-letárgico da escala de Lader) enquanto os do grupo placebo diminuíram o escore de energia pós-privação de sono. (p = 0,0045). Não houve diferença entre o grupo cafeína e placebo nos demais itens da escala de Lader. Conclusão: O uso combinado de cafeína e PdS pode ser uma estratégia útil para manter os pacientes mais acordados sem o prejuízo do cansaço da PdS em pacientes ambulatoriais deprimidos. Contudo, mais estudos envolvendo pacientes que tenham 10 respondido à PdS são necessários para verificar se a cafeína também não interfere nos resultados deste grupo. / Introduction: Sleep deprivation (SD) has been used as an alternative approach to treat major depressive disorder (MDD), however the efficacy and the effectiveness needs studies with homogeneity and better delineament to strengthen the evidence based medicine to the use in the practical daily use. Besides, since the 1° puplication in 1971 of a case report, by Plug and Tölle, in that one patient with severe melancholic depressive disorder achieved remission in the next day after a total sleep deprivation. However his depressive sintomtology was back after the next night of sleep. Since this almost 40 years, a lot of papers were puplished, and the majority where case report, case reports and open trials with patients with MDD, bipolar depression without make difference between tipe I or II. Caffeine, due to its stimulating effect, could be an alternative to promote sleep deprivation. However, there are no data about its potential influence on the antidepressive effect of SD. The objective of this study is to assess the effect of caffeine on SD in non-psychotic patients with moderate to severe unipolar depression. Methods: Randomized, double-blind, crossover clinical trial comparing caffeine and placebo in moderate to severe depressed patients who underwent total sleep deprivation (SD). The patients were assessed with items of the Bond-Lader Scale, the 6-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-6), and the Clinical Global Impression (CGI)-Severity/Improvement. Results: Twenty patients participated in this study. The patients who consumed caffeine presented the same score of energy before and after sleep deprivation (lethargicenergetic item of the Bond-Lader scale), while the patients in the placebo group had a reduced score of energy after sleep deprivation (p = 0.0045). There was no difference between the caffeine and placebo groups in the other items of the Bond-Lader scale. Conclusion: The combined use of caffeine and SD can be a useful strategy to keep the 12 patient awake without impairing the effect of SD on depressed outpatients. However, further studies involving patients who have responded to SD are needed in order to verify if caffeine also does not interfere with the results in this group.

Introdução: A privação de sono (PdS) tem sido utilizada como um estratégia alternativa para o tratamento do Transtorno Depressivo Maior (TDM), contudo sua eficácia e efetividade carecem de estudos homogêneos e de bom delinemento para dar um grau de evidência científica para seu uso na prática diária. Assim sendo, desde a primeira publicação, em 1971, num relato de caso de um paciente com TDM grave tipo melancólico, por Plug e Tölle, o mesmo estava assintomático no dia seguinte à privação total de sono. Contudo, na noite seguinte de sono seus sintomas depressivos retornaram. Nestes quase 40 anos desde esta publicação houve dezenas de estudos em sua maioria relatos de caso, série de casos ou até estudos abertos só que misturando pacientes com TDM com Depressão Bipolar sem mesmo distinguir se tipo I ou II. A cafeína com seu efeito estimulador poderia ser uma alternativa para facilitar a privação de sono. No entanto, não há dados sobre o sua potencial influência no efeito antidepressivo da PdS. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar o efeito da cafeína na PdS em pacientes deprimidos unipolares moderados a graves não psicóticos. Métodos: Ensaio Clínico randomizado, duplo cego, cruzado, comparando cafeína contra placebo em pacientes deprimidos moderados a graves submetidos à privação total de sono (PdS). Os pacientes foram avaliados por itens da escala de Lader, HAMD- 6 itens, CGI Severidade e Melhora Global. Resultados: Foram avaliados 20 pacientes. Os pacientes que usaram cafeína mantiveram o mesmo escore de energia pré e pós-privação de sono (item energético-letárgico da escala de Lader) enquanto os do grupo placebo diminuíram o escore de energia pós-privação de sono. (p = 0,0045). Não houve diferença entre o grupo cafeína e placebo nos demais itens da escala de Lader. Conclusão: O uso combinado de cafeína e PdS pode ser uma estratégia útil para manter os pacientes mais acordados sem o prejuízo do cansaço da PdS em pacientes ambulatoriais deprimidos. Contudo, mais estudos envolvendo pacientes que tenham 10 respondido à PdS são necessários para verificar se a cafeína também não interfere nos resultados deste grupo. / Introduction: Sleep deprivation (SD) has been used as an alternative approach to treat major depressive disorder (MDD), however the efficacy and the effectiveness needs studies with homogeneity and better delineament to strengthen the evidence based medicine to the use in the practical daily use. Besides, since the 1° puplication in 1971 of a case report, by Plug and Tölle, in that one patient with severe melancholic depressive disorder achieved remission in the next day after a total sleep deprivation. However his depressive sintomtology was back after the next night of sleep. Since this almost 40 years, a lot of papers were puplished, and the majority where case report, case reports and open trials with patients with MDD, bipolar depression without make difference between tipe I or II. Caffeine, due to its stimulating effect, could be an alternative to promote sleep deprivation. However, there are no data about its potential influence on the antidepressive effect of SD. The objective of this study is to assess the effect of caffeine on SD in non-psychotic patients with moderate to severe unipolar depression. Methods: Randomized, double-blind, crossover clinical trial comparing caffeine and placebo in moderate to severe depressed patients who underwent total sleep deprivation (SD). The patients were assessed with items of the Bond-Lader Scale, the 6-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-6), and the Clinical Global Impression (CGI)-Severity/Improvement. Results: Twenty patients participated in this study. The patients who consumed caffeine presented the same score of energy before and after sleep deprivation (lethargicenergetic item of the Bond-Lader scale), while the patients in the placebo group had a reduced score of energy after sleep deprivation (p = 0.0045). There was no difference between the caffeine and placebo groups in the other items of the Bond-Lader scale. Conclusion: The combined use of caffeine and SD can be a useful strategy to keep the 12 patient awake without impairing the effect of SD on depressed outpatients. However, further studies involving patients who have responded to SD are needed in order to verify if caffeine also does not interfere with the results in this group.

In the early 20th century, there were few therapeutic options for mental illness and asylum numbers were rising. This pessimistic outlook favoured the rise of the eugenics movement. Heredity was assumed to be the principal cause of mental illness. Politicians, scientists and clinicians in North America and Europe called for compulsory sterilisation of the mentally ill. Psychiatric genetic research aimed to prove a Mendelian mode of inheritance as a scientific justification for these measures. Ernst Rüdin’s seminal 1916 epidemiological study on inheritance of dementia praecox featured large, systematically ascertained samples and statistical analyses. Rüdin’s 1922–1925 study on the inheritance of “manic-depressive insanity” was completed in manuscript form, but never published. It failed to prove a pattern of Mendelian inheritance, counter to the tenets of eugenics of which Rüdin was a prominent proponent. It appears he withheld the study from publication, unable to reconcile this contradiction, thus subordinating his carefully derived scientific findings to his ideological preoccupations. Instead, Rüdin continued to promote prevention of assumed hereditary mental illnesses by prohibition of marriage or sterilisation and was influential in the introduction by the National Socialist regime of the 1933 “Law for the Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased Offspring” (Gesetz zur Verhütung erbkranken Nachwuchses).

In thesis on the topic "Social work methods used in clients with mental disorders and their effectiveness" I focus on the terminology. I am going to learn basic information about selected mental disorders such as schizophrenia, affective disorders, specifically bipolar disorder, neurotic disorders, specifically obsessive-compulsive disorder and lastly personality disorders, namely borderline personality disorder. Next, I am going to focus on the treatment possibilities of mental disorders, where I speak about the prevention and social worker approach. I continue with social survey and treatment&care for people with mental disorders. Finally, I am going to write about social work methods. The main goal of my thesis was to find what methods of social work are used at work with clients suffering mental disorders. Also if in practice are any methods used and what kind of method is used most often. My next goal was to find out the effectiveness of the methods used in social work. I used survey by a questionnaire. The survey contains 11semi-open questions. After that I concluded that methods of social work are provided to clients with mental disorders and all methods of social work for the mentally ill are used. That means work with an individual, family, group, community, psychiatric rehabilitation,...

Schwere psychische Erkrankungen wie Schizophrenie und affektive Störungen haben nicht nur einen erheblichen Einfluss auf das Leben der Patienten, sondern auch ihrer Bezugspersonen. Die Entdeckung der Lebensqualität und ihrer relevanten Faktoren für pflegende Angehörige von Patienten mit psychischen Erkrankungen hilft Gesundheitsfachkräften sowie dem System, besser mit pflegenden Angehörigen zusammenzuarbeiten. Außerdem hilft es den Pflegekräften, auf eine adaptive Weise mit Patienten umzugehen. Die Studie zielte darauf ab, die Belastung und Lebensqualität von Pflegekräften, ihre spezifischen Bedürfnisse und Bewältigungsstrategien zu identifizieren. Außerdem sollte ein neuer Fragebogen entwickelt werden, um die Lebensqualität der Pflegekräfte zu messen. Diese Studie wendet einen Mixed-Method-Ansatz mit drei explorativen, quantitativen und ergänzenden Phasen an. Die qualitative explorative Phase der Studie wurde mittels halbstrukturierter Interviews mit 45 Betreuern von Patienten mit Schizophrenie und affektiven Störungen durchgeführt. Die Daten wurden durch qualitative Inhaltsanalyse untersucht. Die quantitative Phase diente der Entwicklung und Validierung eines neuen Instruments zur Messung der Lebensqualität von Pflegekräften sowie der Bereitstellung von Hauptfragen des Interviews für die zusätzliche Phase der Studie. Die Ergänzungsphase der Studie wurde in halbstrukturierten Interviews mit 18 Betreuern von Patienten mit Schizophrenie sowie affektiven Störungen durchgeführt. Die Daten wurden mittels Grounded-Theory-Analyse untersucht. Die Ergebnisse der Studie ermittelten die Hauptbelastungen, denen die Pflegepersonen ausgesetzt waren. Darüber hinaus wurden durch die Entwicklung und Validierung eines neuen Fragebogens die wichtigsten Faktoren für die Lebensqualität aufgedeckt. Ergebnisse der Ergänzungsphase der Studie identifizierten das Kernkonzept der Pflegeerfahrung sowie deren Hauptkategorien. Außerdem werden verschiedene Arten von Bewältigungsstrategien vorgeschlagen, die die Pflegekräfte übernommen haben. Weiterhin zeigt diese Phase die Trajektorie von Pflegeerfahrung und Bewältigungsstrategien in verschiedenen Phasen der Erkrankung. Die Studie bietet einige Vorschläge für das System, Fachkräfte im Gesundheitswesen sowie Pflegekräfte an, um die Lebensqualität der Pflegekräfte zu verbessern und die Absicht zu vermindern, Patienten einem institutionellen Pflegezentrum anzuvertrauen. / Severe mental illnesses, such as schizophrenia and affective disorders, have a considerable impact on the lives of not only patients but also their caregivers. Discovering the quality of life and its contributing factors for family caregivers of patients with mental illnesses helps health-care professionals as well as the system to work better with family caregivers. Also, it helps the caregivers to cope with patients in an adaptive way. The study aimed to identify the burden and quality of life of caregivers, their specific needs and coping strategies. Also, it aimed to develop a new questionnaire to measure caregivers’ quality of life. This study applied a mixed-method approach with three exploratory, quantitative and supplementary phases. The qualitative exploratory phase of the study was conducted via semi-structured interviews with 45 caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and affective disorders. Data were analyzed through qualitative content analysis. The quantitative phase was designed to develop and validate a new instrument to measure caregivers’ quality of life as well as to provide main questions of the interview for the supplementary phase of the study. The supplementary phase of the study was conducted by semi-structured interviews with 18 caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and affective disorders. Data were analyzed by grounded theory analysis. Findings of the study identified main burdens that the caregivers endured; additionally, main factors which contributed to the quality of life were revealed by developing and validating a new questionnaire. Findings of the supplementary phase of the study identified the core concept of caregiving experience as well as its main categories. Also, it proposes different kinds of coping strategies that caregivers adopted. Furthermore, this phase shows the trajectory of caregiving experience and coping strategies in different phases of the illness. The study provides some suggestions for the system, health-care professionals as well as caregivers in order to increase caregivers’ quality of life and to lessen the intention to entrust patients to an institutional take care center.

Background. A sizable amount of individuals in the community are presented with various kinds of physical and mental health problems which are either undetected, untreated or inadequately treated, due to the limitations on the availability and accessibility of the services in the existing health care system, or to other social and personal reasons. The current study evaluated the effectiveness of a newly developed modality of health-enhancing treatment---the Mindfulness-based Dejian Mind-Body Intervention, as compared to that of a Group Psychoeducational Treatment, in alleviating depressive mood and improving physical health of adult individuals in the community. / Conclusions. Findings of the current study suggest that compared with the Group Psychoeducational Treatment, Dejian Mind-Body Intervention might be more effective in enhancing the emotional and physical health of community individuals presented with moderate to severe depressive mood and/or problems with bowel functioning. / Method. Forty adult volunteers with various degree of depressive mood and physical problems who expressed interest in receiving either Dejian Mind-Body Intervention or Group Psychoeducational Treatment were recruited in the current study. They were matched for gender, age, education and level of depression, and were randomly assigned to either treatment group. / Results. Both the Dejian Mind-Body Intervention and Group Psychoeducation Treatment were effective in bringing about a significant reduction in depressive mood iv among treatment completers. However, differential effectiveness emerged among those presented with moderate to severe depressive mood, where Dejian Mind-Body Intervention resulted in significantly greater treatment-related reduction in depressive mood compared with the Group Psychoeducational Treatment. Besides, Dejian Mind-Body Intervention brought about significant increase in an objective QEEG measure of positive affect, and improvements in physical health (i.e., bowel functioning) that were not evidenced in the Group Psychoeducation Treatment. / Tsui, Jin Ching. / Adviser: Agnes S.Y. Chan. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-06, Section: B, page: 3799. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 62-68). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / School code: 1307.

Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) (Afghanistan) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) represent one of the longest wartime deployments in the history of the American military. To date, 1.6 million American military members have deployed. Of these, an estimated 300,000 have returned with a mental health condition, such as depression or PTSD. The Department of Defense has established a robust screening program to identify and track deployment-related physical and psychiatric illnesses. The Post-Deployment Health Reassessment (PDHRA) is a primary tool to identify physical and psychiatric risk following a deployment. The PDHRA is a web-based survey, which is administered between 90-180 days after a deployment. This study seeks to evaluate the psychometric properties and clinical utility of the Post-Deployment Health Reassessment (PDHRA) for accurately identifying truama and depression among Airmen following a deployment. Descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used to address separate research aims. Study aims assessed the impact of deployment on military members and the clinical utility and psychometric properties of the Post-Deployment Health Reassessment. Findings suggest that the Post-Deployment Health Reassessment is a useful triage tool to identify trauma and depression among Airmen following deployment. The study makes recommendations for improving the clinical utility and psychometric properties of the Post-Deployment Health Reassessment (PDHRA). / text