The Alt-Right is a movement that became very mainstream and this article’s research is about how often the Alt-Right movement has been mentioned in online news articles and magazines. Previous articles have researched how the Alt-Right has spread its presence on online forums and social media pages, what is written on these online forums where the Alt-Right has a presence and what their main ideas and ideology is. However, this does not explain why the Alt-Right ever became mainstream and why news outlets started reporting on the movement. The method used to research how often the Alt-Right has been reported on by online news outlets and magazines is a corpus-case study. The two corpora used for this article are the Corpus of Contemporary American English and the News on the Web corpus. The theory used to discuss the findings of the article is Agenda Setting Theory. Contrary to what might be assumed, the Alt-Right has not only a presence in right-leaning media but is reported on by news outlets from all across the political spectrum, and some online news outlets and magazines stand out.

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When violence against civilians is high in armed conflicts, it is predicted that the UNSC will pay close attention to those conflicts. However, it does not always happen to an equal degree. Based on recently collected data of UNSC agenda-setting behaviour by Susan H. Allen and Amy T. Yuen, this paper asks: why do some conflicts receive more UNSC attention than others, despite similar levels of violence against civilians? The thesis looks into the role of ROs in the UNSC agenda-setting. To account for the variation, the thesis argues that ROs are able to influence the UNSC agenda-setting in a way that leads some conflicts to have more recurrences of items on the agenda and others less. By applying a structured focused comparison on the conflict in Darfur between 2003 – 2007, and the Rohingya crisis in Myanmar between 2016-2022, I find a correlation between representation of ROs and recurrences of agenda-items. However, correlation is not causation, and I conclude that ROs had little influence in the UNSC decision-making and that it was the interests of the P5 and the institutional role of the UN Secretary-General that lead to the variation in the number of recurrences of items on the agenda.

The master thesis "Czech presidency through the eyes of the member and non- member country" considers with the confrontation of articles from the time period of the EU-Czech Presidency which were published in the Czech newspaper Hospodarske noviny a in the Swiss newspaper Neue Zürcher Zeitung. The work concerns with that point how both newspapers constructed the reality of the Czech Republic during its EU-Presidency. The analysis will proceed through the framing method and semiotic analysis. From the framing analysis will result the quantitative data and in the semiotic analysis is included the critical discoursive analysis. The CDA will be discussed in the thesis. Media shows to the audience the secondary reality and they have impact to that what the people think about and what attitude they contain to which event. At this process participates the language. In the master thesis we would like to prove that the Swiss media Show another reality than the Czech one.

繼「議題設定理論」於1972年問世之後,McCombs整理20年來媒介議題設定 效果的研究結果,提出了議題設定的第二面向:議題屬性的設定。主要論點 認為:每一議題本身都具有某些特定的屬性,而媒介對這些屬性的報導方式 與結論,往往也會模塑了閱聽人對此一議題的認知,使得人們看見這個議題 時,便會想到這些特定的屬性,因而對議題形成一種形象。本研究即以此論 點為理論基礎,意圖了解媒介形象設定理論在台灣選舉中的應用性。研究 結果發現:在「實質面向」(substantive dimension) ,也就是候選人形象 類目的比較中,媒介議題與選民議題間的確存在顯著的相關,也就是說 :「 刺激決定論」(stimulus determined thesis)在此具極大的解釋力;但在 「情感面向」(affective dimension)上 ,也就是對候選人形象評價的比 較中,「感知者決定論」(perceiver determined thesis)便成一項重要的 關鍵指標。故證實了諸多文獻的論點:對候選人形象而言,究竟「刺激決定 」與「感知者決定」何者力量較大,應視情況而定。本研究尚發現:「教育 程度低的選民,較教育程度高之選民更重視候選人的個人形象」、 「女性 選民與男性選民在認知候選人形象時,並無明顯差異存在」、 「當選民愈 支持某一黨派,則對該黨派候選人的整體形象評價便愈高」、 「政治涉入 程度愈高者,愈容易受報紙形象設定效果的影響」、「年輕人較容易受媒 介形象設定效果之影響」等。最後在研究建議方面,本研究建議日後的同 類研究,應採用小樣本連續訪問法 (panel study) 進行研究,以便獲得時 間架構因素的因果關係。此外, 日後研究的問卷設計中,可考慮加入人際 傳播因素的中介,以便實際了解候選人形象設定的來源, 究竟是人際傳播 的影響、或是媒介、政黨的影響較大。

The free press is an invaluable part of the democratic society and a pillar stone in the creation of ideas, opinions and norms. According to theories such as agenda-setting and framing the media have a significant influence on people’s perspectives and opinions. With this view of media along with the gender system provided by Yvonne Hirdman as a framework, this study intends to examine the gender representation in Swedish domestic news journalism. The study consists of a quantitative analysis of two major Swedish morning papers, Dagens Nyheter and Svenska Dagbladet, where the gender representation regarding journalists, main news sources and pictures are being accounted for. The material being used consists of a total of 241 articles taken from the first domestic news article in each third paper 2012. Furthermore the study contains a supplementary qualitative part consisting of two interviews with female journalists working on the examined newspapers. The analysis of these interviews takes on a Bourdieuan approach, which focuses on the journalistic field, it’s doxa and the symbolic values within the field. The questions at issue in this study are whether it exists a male interpretive precedence within the Swedish domestic news, what type of norms within the journalistic culture that potentially can affect the representation regarding journalists and main sources and lastly we intend to assess the impact of the gender system on the media and subsequently the medias reproductive affect on the gender system as a whole. The core, quantitative, study indicates a substantial difference regarding gender related representation within the examined material concerning journalists, pictures and main sources. The results reveal a significant female underrepresentation both amongst journalists (36,5 percent) and main sources (34,9 percent). Our quantitative study as well as our interviews prove a pattern where an elite orientated praxis, when it comes to choosing sources, is dominant. Since the elite sources are predominantly male this has a negative impact on the female representation amongst the sources. The underrepresentation of women, both as sources and journalists, combined with theories such as agenda-setting and framing indicates the presence of a male interpretive precedence. The gender related structures of society are reflected in the media, and as a consequence of this occurrence the structures themselves are also reproduced, and consolidated, through medias impact on popular values and opinions.

Under de senaste decennierna har hållbarhetsrelaterade ämnen tagit allt större plats, både inom vetenskapen och också populärvetenskapen. Tidigare forskning visar att hållbarhetsredovisning och hållbarhetsarbete oftast studeras ur ett företagsperspektiv. Media är en viktig intressent för företag och är en av de främsta kommunikationsvägarna mellan företag och deras andra intressenter. Medias rapportering är på så sätt värdefull för båda parter. Vi har därför valt att utifrån ett intressentperspektiv studera medias rapportering av företags arbete med hållbarhet. Syftet med studien är att utifrån ett intressentperspektiv bidra med kunskap om medias roll som kritisk granskare i rapporteringen av hållbarhetsredovisning och hållbarhetsarbete. Resultatet visar att media inte axlar rollen som kritisk granskare fullt ut då rapporteringen inte är särskilt omfattande. Vi har genomfört en kvalitativ innehållsanalys av nyhetsartiklar från dagspress utifrån en abduktiv ansats. Studien har en tvärsnittsdesign i vår kvalitativa metodansats. Vår analys kan likställas med tematisk analys, då vi har skapat teman med tillhörande underkategorier för att koda vårt material. Studien utgår från tre tidningar för att fånga variationen som finns i sättet media kommunicerar och har ett interpretativistiskt angreppssätt med inspiration från det hermeneutiska perspektivet. Analysmodellen har utvecklats utifrån den teoretiska referensramen som består av litteraturöversikt och teorier. Vår forskning visar att nyhetsartiklar i regel är legitimitetsstjälpande för det omskrivna företaget. Nyhetsartiklarna berör både allmänna och specifika områden kopplat till hållbarhet och inkluderar vanligtvis opartiska röster som kommenterar texterna. Vidare kan vi konstatera att sökningen efter nyhetsartiklar utifrån våra kriterier genererade färre sökträffar än väntat. Med det sagt rapporterar media om hållbarhetsredovisning och hållbarhetsarbete i lägre grad än förväntat. I synnerhet är rapporteringen kring hållbarhetsredovisning mycket låg. Därmed kan vi påvisa att medias roll som kritisk granskare i rapporteringen av hållbarhetsredovisning och hållbarhetsarbete i nuläget är försumbar. / Over the past decades, sustainability-related subjects have become more significant, both in science and in popular science. Previous research shows that sustainability reports and sustainability work are usually studied from a business perspective. Media is an important stakeholder for businesses and is often one of the main intermediator between companies and its other stakeholders, making its reporting valuable to both parties. We have therefore chosen to adapt a stakeholder perspective that of the media is the main focus. The purpose of this study is to throughout a stakeholder perspective contribute knowledge about the role of media as a critical scrutinizer in the reporting of sustainability reports and sustainability work. The result shows that media does not take on the role as a critical scrutinizer to the fullest since the reporting is not particularly extensive. We have conducted a qualitative content analysis of popular science articles based on an abductive approach. We applied a cross-sectional design in our qualitative methodology. Our analysis can be compared to the thematic analysis, since we created themes with associated subcategories to encode our material. We based the study on three newspapers to capture the variation in the way media communicates. We adopted an interpretative approach with inspiration from the hermeneutical perspective. Our analysis model was developed based on the theoretical frame of reference based on our literature review and theories. Our research shows that news articles generally weakens the legitimacy regarding the current company. The news articles concern both general and specific areas linked to sustainability and usually include impartial voices that comment on the texts. Furthermore, we can find that the search for news articles based on our criteria generated fewer hits than we expected. In addition to this, the media coverage of sustainability reports and work is far less extensive than expected. In particular, the contribution from media on sustainability reporting is almost non-existent. Thus, we can demonstrate that the role of media as a critical scrutinizer in the reporting of sustainability reports and sustainability work in the present is negligible.

The study of political communication is an old and diverse field, and the media has been proven to have an effect on their readers. The narratives that they create in their reporting can be as damning as they can be auspicious. Therefore, the study of media and how they frame certain events is as important as it has ever been. The democratic primaries in 2016 were certainly an interesting event. Hillary Clinton, the apparent nominee of the party, faced off against Bernie Sanders, who, in America, is something as unusual as a democratic socialist. How were these two polar opposites framed? To find out, a framing analysis was made on New York Times and Washington Post, two of the largest newspapers in the US. The analysis was built around four “events” that were deemed important in the election. 195 articles were analyzed. The methods that were used were both quantitative and qualitative, and the theories of framing (how the media depicts the election) and agenda-setting (what the media deems to be important) were applied. The results showed that the two newspapers did not differentiate all that much from each other, except for a few percent in certain aspects. All in all, the narrative was obvious. Clinton was the candidate that would go on to win the nomination. She was also the most suitable candidate. Bernie Sanders, on the other hand, was framed as the loser and as unsuitable. Though he was consistently framed as having more integrity than his opponent. Clinton was also the candidate that had the biggest focus on her. This was true for all of the events, and in both newspapers. The implications of the study are twofold. First, Sanders was consistently painted in a negative light, which created an undesirable narrative and gave him negative momentum. Secondly, the virtual duplication of the narratives in New York Times and Washington Post suggests that there was some kind of consensus. Either Clinton really was the obvious nominee for the party, or the media hampered Sanders chances to clinch the nomination by depicting him in a negative manner.

This thesis examines the representation of interviewees according to apperance and time of apperance in the Swedish children’s news programme Lilla Aktuellt, 1994 and 2014 set out from an intersectional perspective. The thesis therefore examines whom of the interviewees that is over-and underrepresented in the programme, when it comes to the collaboration of the chosen categories: Sex, Age and Ethnicity. As researchers point out that a high frequency in appearance in media means domination and a conception of representing the norm in society this thesis therefore also does examine the superiority and inferiority that occures in the programme both years.   The result of this thesis show that there has been changes in the representation over time. All groups of children have been given a larger amout of space while the representation of all groups of people that don’t follow the ethnical norm, basically hasn’t changed at all. Amongst the different sexes there has been a fairly more even representation over time. The overall results show that there has been a slightly more balanced distribution over time between all of the groups appearances and time of appearances. Therefore not said that there isn’t room for improvement, on the contrary there are still things to be done for a greater representation according to multiplicity and equality in Lilla Aktuellt.   Of all the groups of interviewees in Lilla Aktuellt the people that are “male and not children who follow the ethnical norm” have decreased their visability most over time and are therefore the ones that have decreased their power most. The people that are “female children who don’t follow the ethnical norm” are the ones that have increased their visability most over time thus this means that they are the ones that have increased their power most over time.