Stress och psykosomatiska besvär har under de senaste åren varit ett växande hälsoproblem i samhället, där barn och unga självrapporterat att de mår sämre. Skolan är en arena där barn och unga befinner sig till stor del av sin vakna tid, vilket avser vikten till att förebygga den ökade stressnivån bland elever. Studier och rapporter visar att stress och psykosomatiska besvär har ökat inom skolan där eleverna möts av höga krav och prestationer. Om elever möter stressiga situationer som de kan hantera kan det öka deras prestationsförmåga, dock har en hög stressnivå tendensen till att sänka elevernas hanterbarhet av situationen, vilket kan orsaka ohälsa. Syftet i denna studie är att undersöka könsfördelningen och förekomsten av skolrelaterad stress samt att om det finns en koppling till psykosomatiska besvär bland gymnasieelever i årskurs tre på en gymnasieskola i Västmanlands län. För att besvara syftet användes en enkät som lämnades ut till fyra årskurs tre klasser på en gymnasieskola i Västerås, där 80 elever medverkade. Studiens resultat visar att förekomsten av skolrelaterad stress bland eleverna var relativt hög där två tredjedelar motsvarande (77,6%) av medverkande elever besvarade att de var pressade av skolarbetet. Resultatet visar också att det finns en koppling mellan skolrelaterad stress och psykosomatiska besvär. Det teoretiska perspektivet i denna studie tillämpades av teorin känsla av sammanhang, för att tolka sambandet mellan skolrelaterad stress och psykosomatiska besvär. / Stress and somatic complaints have under the last decades grown and become a health problem in todays’ society, as children have reported to feel worse than in the past. School is an arena where children spends most of their time. Therefore, it is crucial to work preventive against increasing levels of stress among the students. Studies and reports show that stress and somatic complaints has increased among students that faces higher demands and accomplishment. If students face stressful situations that they can manage it might increase their accomplishment levels. However, if the levels of stress are high, it tends to lower the student’s manageability of situations, which could cause illness. The purpose of this study was to investigate gender differences and prevalence of school-related stress and if there was a relation between somatic complaints and school-related stress in students that attend a high-school in Västmanlands County.  The author sent out a survey to four classes in the last year of high school and 80 students answered the survey. The results showed that the prevalence of school-related stress among the students where relatively high with over two thirds (77,6%) of the students answering that they were pressured by their schoolwork. The results also showed that there was a relation between school-related stress and somatic complains. The theory sense of coherence was used to explain the relation between school-related stress and somatic complaints.

There is increasing concern in news media sources regarding police killings of unarmed Black males. However, there is limited research on the portrayal of such incidents in the news and the implications for police-community relations in African- American communities. In order to address this gap, this study analyzed 120 experts’ quotes provided by two of the largest and most respected newspapers in the United States -- the New York Times and USA Today. This research comprised a content analysis of quotes related to the deaths of Eric Garner (Staten Island, New York), Michael Brown (Ferguson, Missouri), and Freddie Gray (Baltimore City, Maryland). A number of factors are discussed: The news organization’s predominate category and specialty of experts selected; whether the experts’ quotes attributed to pro-police or community bias; if the experts’ quotes discussed social or racial inequalities in the cities selected; whether the experts addressed evidence-based strategies necessary to improve police-community relations in the Black community, and whether experts’ quotes discussed solutions to improve police and community relations in the Black community. The findings suggest that the selected national news sources, in the one year following the deaths of each of the unarmed victims, highlighted quotes from state manager, particularly politicians, at a much higher rate than intellectuals. Although revealing a substantial level of procommunity bias, the quotes presented very little regarding evidence-based strategies for improving police-community relations in the Black community and reducing the number of unarmed deaths caused by police. The implications for research on media and crime as well as policing strategies are discussed. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.S.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2016. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:38:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fernanda Golghetto Fantinato.pdf: 672564 bytes, checksum: 8d8e4f4491434a72c064cd03c0126ca9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Complains originating from school counselors have been studied by Psychology for many years. Initially it was thought that the student was to blame being the only one responsible for his/her difficulty and that the problem was biological and psychological in origin. After that, theories were developed which blamed the families and the problem was social and economic in origin. The school system itself was the last link to be theorized upon as responsible for the difficulties presented by the students. Despite the fact that the relationship between the school and the family is an important factor in the genesis of learning difficulties there has been no actual productive communication between these two institutions. This way of theorizing upon school complaints makes families seek psychological counseling for their sons and daughters. Considering the families and the school of a country city in the state of São Paulo, in an interconnected manner and having a global outlook about school complaints, this research tried to understand the relation between the school and the family and look for a different manner of perceiving the child´s difficulty, in a way that won´t seek a guilty party. To achieve such goal semi-structured interviews were conducted with the families and the school, qualitatively analyzed interpreting the contents of the participants. We found stereotyped views, which make a clear dialogue difficult between school and family and are detrimental to the student and cause feelings of helplessness in the families who start believing they are incapable of helping their child at school. A clearer dialogue would be necessary for the setting of a more productive development environment for the child and his/her learning process / A queixa escolar vem sendo estudada na psicologia há muitos anos. Inicialmente, pensava-se que a falha era do aluno, sendo o mesmo o único responsável pelas suas dificuldades e essa falha de origem biopsicológica. Após isso, criaram teorias que culpabilizavam suas famílias e a explicação era de origem socioeconômica. O sistema escolar foi o último a ser pensado como responsável pelas dificuldades apresentadas pelos alunos. Apesar da relação família escola ser fator importante no surgimento de dificuldades escolares, ainda não existe uma comunicação produtiva entre as mesmas. Essa forma de pensar a queixa escolar leva as famílias a buscarem atendimento em clínicas psicológicas para as dificuldades de seus filhos. Considerando as famílias e a escola de uma cidade do interior do estado de São Paulo, de maneira interconectada e lançando um olhar global sobre as queixas escolares, essa pesquisa buscou compreender a relação família escola e buscar uma maneira diferente de olhar para a dificuldade da criança, que não seja procurando culpados. Para tanto, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com família e escola, analisadas qualitativamente, interpretando as narrativas dos participantes. Com isso, encontramos visões estereotipadas que dificultam um diálogo que possa trazer benefícios para o aluno e o desamparo por parte das famílias que não se acreditam capazes e não conseguem ajudar seu filho na escola. Seria necessário um diálogo mais claro entre as partes para a criação de um ambiente mais produtivo para o desenvolvimento da criança e seu processo de aprendizagem

Os distúrbios osteomusculares relacionados ao trabalho (DORT) representam mais de 30% das doenças ocupacionais no mundo. A fim de organizar as ações estratégicas que serão desenvolvidas para prevenção de DORT, é fundamental analisar previamente as situações peculiares dos diferentes setores de um local de trabalho. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram verificar a prevalência de queixas musculoesqueléticas em trabalhadores de uma indústria de porte médio, comparando seus setores entre si, e investigar a influência de fatores ocupacionais e não ocupacionais no aumento das queixas. Foram aplicados o questionário nórdico para avaliação de sintomas musculoesqueleticos e questionários sobre hábitos de vida e condições relacionadas ao trabalho em 185 trabalhadores distribuidos em três setores de uma indústria (fábrica microeletrônica, escritório e logística). Constatou-se que há prevalência massiva de queixas osteomusculares (85.4%) nessa população, com variação das regiões afetadas em cada setor analisado. Os fatores ocupacionais que mais influenciaram as queixas de dores em diferentes regiões do corpo foram: trabalhar na fábrica, sofrer de estresse/pressão/prazos curtos no trabalho, ter histórico de DORT, ter sido afastado por DORT e considerar o trabalho arriscado. Quanto aos fatores não ocupacionais: ser mulher, ser cuidadora de criança em idade pré-escolar, ter baixa escolaridade e sofrer de insônia/descanso inadequado foram os mais influentes. Conclui-se que as regiões do corpo mais afetadas por dores diferem para cada setor desta indústria e há fatores individuais e ocupacionais que influenciam a alta prevalência das queixas osteomusculares. Programas que abordem esses aspectos podem contribuir para o controle de DORT. / Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) comprise more than 30% of occupational diseases in the world. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints among workers in a medium-sized industry by comparing its different sectors and investigate the influence of occupational and non-occupational factors in complaints increase. 185 industry workers divided in three sectors (factory, office and logistics) were assessed using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and lifestyle and work-related conditions questionnaires. Massive prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints (85.4%) was detected in this population, with different affected body parts in each sector. The most influential occupational factors were: working at the factory, job strain, pre-existing history of MSD and considering the job risky. Being female, low education level and inadequate rest were the most influential non-occupational factors. The body parts most affected by musculoskeletal complaints differ among each sector and are influenced by individual and occupational factors. Programs addressing these aspects can contribute to control WMSDs.

Submitted by William Justo Figueiro (williamjf) on 2015-07-09T21:47:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 21b.pdf: 900978 bytes, checksum: 6ee4cee20207dc862c785c270f323e1c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-09T21:47:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 21b.pdf: 900978 bytes, checksum: 6ee4cee20207dc862c785c270f323e1c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-31 / Nenhuma / Esta dissertação apresenta uma investigação sobre comportamentos pós-insatisfação de clientes dos serviços de saúde e fatores que interferem nesse comportamento. Dados do principal órgão regulador, a ANS (Agência Nacional de Saúde Suplementar), tem demonstrado um aumento no índice de reclamações dos consumidores de planos de saúde. Embora vários estudos em marketing investiguem o comportamento de insatisfação de clientes em serviços, há uma escassez de pesquisas no que diz respeito ao comportamento após as falhas no serviço, no contexto de serviços em saúde. Assim, o objetivo geral desta pesquisa foi identificar as principais causas de insatisfação nos clientes de planos de saúde e investigar a influência desses fatores no comportamento futuro do cliente em termos de continuar no plano, mudar de plano e recomendar ou não o plano para outras pessoas. A fim de alcançar tais objetivos, foi realizada uma pesquisa do tipo “survey” corte transversal, com amostra de 225 consumidores de planos de saúde individuais e empresariais. O estudo é delimitado à região sul do Brasil, no Rio Grande do Sul, com foco na capital Porto Alegre e Região Metropolitana, por motivos de acessibilidade, mas poderá ser estendido para outras capitais em projetos futuros. Como principais conclusões, a satisfação com a resolução do problema influencia na satisfação acumulada, na permanência do usuário ser cliente do serviço, e em não realizar reclamação para empresa. Já o boca a boca negativo é influenciado pelos usuários com 41 anos idade ou mais, e ainda que a intenção de reclamar de maneira formal tem maiores chances com as mulheres. / This dissertation presents an investigation into conduct post-customer dissatisfaction health services and factors that affect this behavior. Data from the main regulatory agency, the ANS (National Agency of Supplemental Health), has shown an increase in the rate of consumer complaints of health plans. Although several studies in marketing investigate the behavior of customer dissatisfaction in services, there is a paucity of research regarding the behavior after service failure in the context of health services. The objective of this research was to identify the main causes of dissatisfaction in client health plans and investigate the influence of these factors on future customer behavior in terms of continuing the plan, change plans and recommend whether or not the plan for others. To achieve these goals, we conducted a survey research cross-sectional sample of 225 consumers with health plans and individual business. The study is delimited to the south region of Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, with a focus on capital Porto Alegre and its metropolitan area, for accessibility reasons, but can be extended to other capitals in future projects. As main conclusions, satisfaction with the resolution of the problem influences the accumulated satisfaction, user be staying in customer service, and does not claim to hold firm. Already the "word of mouth" is influenced by negative users aged 41 years or older, and even pretend to complain formally have bigger chances with women.

Almedahls have for some time started to receive more customer complaints about uneven roller blind fabrics or so-called waves over fabric. The waves are a major problem for Almedahls customers since they make it hard to cut the fabric into roller blinds. The company believes that the waves appear due to different process parameters within their finishing line but the company do not yet know how or where. The thesis project strives to find an explanation to what waves over fabric are, why they appear and how they can be reduced. The documentation that Almedahls have made of the problem so far, including photographs and customer complaints reports, was examined. Orders produced from four selected grey-weaves during the last three years was examined and compared to received customer complaints and standard operations lists. No clear relationship was found and weaves with longer process lines did not seem to cause more waves to appear. However, addition of an extra colouring to the standard operations appeared to be more frequently occurring when a standard operations list had been changed.Waves over fabric were at an early stage related to the mechanical properties of the weaves as the weaves are exposed to stresses and strains during the entire production line. In Almedahls’ finishing line the web and the beam tensions and the levelling mechanisms in the stenter frames appeared to be the parameters which especially apply stresses and strains. Tensile tests were performed to examine the mechanical properties of a few of Almedahls grey-weaves and half processed weave. The test results showed that a strain between 11-27 % can be applied before the test samples start to deform while calculations of the amount of strain applied by the stenter frames showed to be much less, between 2.5-3.5 %. The difference in size between the test samples and the weaves must be considered when comparing these results. The small, repeated strains applied by the finishing line may eventually lead to permanent deformation of the weaves and appear as waves. The combination of the web and the beam tensions can also result in a stretch in the bias-direction of the weave which cause deformation in the middle of the weave where waves most often appear.The thermal properties of the same weaves were also tested through DSC, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, tests. The test results showed that the polyester material in the weaves does not melt or deform at the temperatures Almedahls use in their processes. The shrinkage of the grey-weaves during the de-sizing processes was also considered through width measurements. The conclusion was that the structure of the grey-weave influences how much the weave will shrink and the dimension change of the weave may influence the appearance of waves and needs more investigation. / Program: Magisterutbildning i textilteknologi

Almedahls have for some time started to receive more customer complaints about uneven roller blind fabrics or so-called waves over fabric. The waves are a major problem for Almedahls customers since they make it hard to cut the fabric into roller blinds. The company believes that the waves appear due to different process parameters within their finishing line but the company do not yet know how or where. The thesis project strives to find an explanation to what waves over fabric are, why they appear and how they can be reduced. The documentation that Almedahls have made of the problem so far, including photographs and customer complaints reports, was examined. Orders produced from four selected grey-weaves during the last three years was examined and compared to received customer complaints and standard operations lists. No clear relationship was found and weaves with longer process lines did not seem to cause more waves to appear. However, addition of an extra colouring to the standard operations appeared to be more frequently occurring when a standard operations list had been changed.Waves over fabric were at an early stage related to the mechanical properties of the weaves as the weaves are exposed to stresses and strains during the entire production line. In Almedahls’ finishing line the web and the beam tensions and the levelling mechanisms in the stenter frames appeared to be the parameters which especially apply stresses and strains. Tensile tests were performed to examine the mechanical properties of a few of Almedahls grey-weaves and half processed weave. The test results showed that a strain between 11-27 % can be applied before the test samples start to deform while calculations of the amount of strain applied by the stenter frames showed to be much less, between 2.5-3.5 %. The difference in size between the test samples and the weaves must be considered when comparing these results. The small, repeated strains applied by the finishing line may eventually lead to permanent deformation of the weaves and appear as waves. The combination of the web and the beam tensions can also result in a stretch in the bias-direction of the weave which cause deformation in the middle of the weave where waves most often appear.The thermal properties of the same weaves were also tested through DSC, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, tests. The test results showed that the polyester material in the weaves does not melt or deform at the temperatures Almedahls use in their processes. The shrinkage of the grey-weaves during the de-sizing processes was also considered through width measurements. The conclusion was that the structure of the grey-weave influences how much the weave will shrink and the dimension change of the weave may influence the appearance of waves and needs more investigation. / Program: Magisterutbildning i textilteknologi

This study was conducted in the context of the regulation of professional nursing and midwifery practice in the Australian health care system. In this environment, professional regulatory authorities established by State and Territory legislation in all jurisdictions, regulate and control the work of health professionals. In Queensland, registered nurses, enrolled nurses and midwives are regulated by the Queensland Nursing Council, the statutory body created by the Nursing Act 1992 (Qld). Part of the regulatory role of this and other authorities is to discipline professionals whose conduct or behaviour falls short of appropriate and acceptable standards of practice. All regulated health professionals, including nurses and midwives, are potentially subject to professional disciplinary action if a complaint is lodged in relation to their conduct. This being an important issue in the management and delivery of health care, and an increased trend among health care consumers, the dearth of existing research into the disciplinary process is a major concern. This exploratory study examined the disciplinary role of the Queensland Nursing Council in adhering to its legislative mandate to ensure safe and competent nursing practice. The study focused on the extent to which structural (legislation and policy), professional, and process factors impacted on the outcomes of disciplinary Tribunals and Committees in cases of incompetent or unsafe practice and sexual misconduct. The study was situated within the interpretive paradigm using a case study approach. Specifically, it investigated cases of sexual misconduct by nurses and unsafe or incompetent practice by midwives. The study was guided by Donabedian's conceptual framework of structure-process-outcome. This framework was seen to be most suited to the aims of the study and provided a template for in-depth analysis of the data emerging from the two cases. The findings of this study provided insight into the factors underpinning the decisions of the disciplinary bodies in making determinations and formulating outcomes. There was found to be a lack of consistency and predictability in both the legislative frameworks and the interpretation of terms and concepts used to identify conduct warranting a disciplinary response from regulatory authorities. Although the processes of disciplinary proceedings are prescribed by both legislation and policy, their practical application was characterised by considerable challenges, which resulted in varying outcomes. The thesis reports this information so that it can be used as an initial basis to build a body of knowledge from practical experience with disciplinary proceedings that will inform future processes. Subsequent case studies in other contexts and systems will increase the level of knowledge available to nurses, other health care providers, health care institutions and regulatory authorities. The initial base of evidence suggests implications for practice, education and further research which are outlined in the final chapter of the thesis.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common behavioural disturbances in school children. The aims of this thesis were to explore the association of ADHD with recurrent health complaints and bullying behaviour in children in grade four, and to evaluate whether it is possible to predict ADHD in grade four by screening before or at school entry. Cohort study in a population of 577 fourth graders (10-year-olds) in Sigtuna, a municipality in Stockholm County. All children were screened for attention and behaviour problems by parents and teachers in fourth grade. In a second step children with high scores underwent further clinical and cognitive assessments. Information about health complaints and bullying was collected from the children themselves in a classroom questionnaire. Hypotheses were tested in multivariate analyses with adjustment for sex and parental education. Screening with developmental indicators and Conners scale from routine child health services was performed. Sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value for being diagnosed with ADHD in fourth grade was calculated. Recurrent abdominal pain, sleeping problems, and tiredness were associated with ADHD (adjusted relative risks: 2.2 [1.4-3.4], 1.7 [1.1-2.7], and 2.7 [1.7-4.1] respectively). ADHD was associated with bullying others students (adjusted odds ratios; 3.8 [95% C.I.: 2.0-7.2]) as well as being bullied (often 10.8 [4.0-29.0] and sometimes 2.9 [1.5-5.7]). The predictive value of developmental deviations for ADHD was no more than 20% and 50% when combining a Conner score of at least 10 from both parents and teachers. This thesis demonstrates a connection between ADHD in one as well as two settings (home and school), health complaints, and bullying in school children. Treatment strategies for ADHD need to include an effective evaluation and treatment of health complaints and effective interventions for bullying. Evaluation of ADHD should be considered in children with recurrent health complaints and in children involved in bullying. Screening does not identify children who are diagnosed with ADHD in grade four with a high degree of selectivity. It may be more important for schools to have an effective strategy for identifying and dealing with children who develop ADHD when these problems evolve, rather than before school entry.

Im Rahmen einer Reanalyse von vier Erhebungen an jugendlichen und erwachsenen Probanden in den neuen und alten Bundesländern in den Jahren 1990 bis 1991/92 wurden Angaben zu Indikatoren für Depressivität, Angst/psychosomatische Beschwerden und Substanzgebrauch in Ost- und Westdeutschland verglichen. Zum Zeitpunkt der Untersuchungen gab es im Gegensatz zu der von einzelnen Autoren angeführten Erwartung keine eindeutigen Hinweise auf eine insgesamt erhöhte psychiatrische Morbidität in den neuen Bundesländern. Depressive Symptome und der Gebrauch von illegalen Drogen und Medikamenten sind durchgängig in den alten Bundesländern häufíger nachzuweisen als in den neuen Bundesländern. Allenfalls ergaben sich für die Stichproben Ost für einzelne depressionstypische sowie einzelne psychovegetative Symptome und für Alkoholgebrauch statistisch signifikant erhöhte Werte. Da keine Diagnosekriterien erhoben wurden, muβ die Aussagekraft der Daten dahingehend eingeschränkt werden, daβ lediglich Indikatoren für psychische Auffälligkeiten erhoben wurden.