Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-17T13:54:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Claudeilson.pdf: 1677413 bytes, checksum: e957d15998614aa608451ac8c56b2218 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-27 / Étude sur les établissements d'enseignement qui ont constitué le travail éducatif des Frères de Nicollet à Guimarães, l'État de Maranhão dans la période 1955-1965. Cette recherche est liée au Groupe d'études en histoire et mémoire Education Maranhense ligne instituts de recherche école, la connaissance et la pratique de l'Education Graduate programme Master of Education, Université Fédérale du Maranhão. Nous avons utilisé comme instruments à la littérature à travers le cadre théorique de Dallabrida (2009), Horta (1994), Valdemarim (2004), entre autres. Études Kadt (2007); Stephanou (2004) et Neris (2011, 2012) et d'autres nous ont aidés à comprendre l'Eglise catholique historique et socio leurs chevauchements dans le domaine éducatif. Productions Andrade (1984), Castro (2006, 2009), Figueiredo (1984); Licar (2010), Costa (2012), Motta (2003, 2006, 2008, 2012) a fourni un appui au processus de contextualisation de l'éducation dans Maranhão période de notre étude. Nous utilisons également le travail de Oliveira (1984, 2000) et le littoral périodique Le Vimarense en perspective et nous fixons les Guimarães socio-politiques et économiques scène. En plus de ces revues, consulter d'autres sources telles que les rapports écrits, des régiments, des témoignages, entre autres. Nous avons utilisé sera également l'histoire orale comme ayant répondants qui ont participé activement à des établissements d'enseignement ou des sujets d'étude engagés dans l'action sociale et éducative Brothers Nicollet au cours de la période d'étude. Il est conclu que les institutions mentionnées ci-dessus forment le travail éducatif de Nicollet à Guimarães implantés dans leur culture scolaire nécessaire pour répandre la connaissance du catholicisme dans la perspective du renforcement de l'église. / Estudo acerca das instituições escolares que constituíram a Obra Educacional dos Irmãos de Nicollet em Guimarães, estado do Maranhão, no período de 1955 a 1965. Esta investigação está ligada ao Grupo de Estudos em História e Memória da Educação Maranhense, da linha de pesquisa: Instituições Escolares, Saberes e Práticas Educativas do Programa de Pós-Graduação Mestrado em Educação da Universidade Federal do Maranhão. Para tanto, utilizamos como procedimentos metodológicos a pesquisa bibliográfica através dos referenciais teóricos de Dallabrida (2009), Horta (1994), Valdemarim (2004), dentre outros. Os estudos de Kadt (2007), Stephanou (2004) e Neris (2011; 2012) e outros nos auxiliaram na compreensão da dimensão sócio-histórica da Igreja Católica e suas imbricações no campo educacional. As produções de Andrade (1984), Castro (2006; 2009), Figueiredo (1984), Licar (2010), Costa (2012) e Motta (2003; 2006; 2008; 2012) subsidiaram com o processo de contextualização da educação maranhense no período de nosso estudo. Utilizamos também os trabalhos de Oliveira (1984; 2000) e os periódicos O LITORAL e O VIMARENSE na perspectiva de configurarmos o cenário sociopolítico e econômico de Guimarães. Alem desses periódicos, consultamos outras fontes escritas, tais como Relatórios, Regimentos, testemunhos, dentre outros. Recorreu-se também à História Oral, tendo como depoentes pessoas que participaram ativamente das instituições de ensino estudadas ou sujeitos envolvidos com as ações sociais e educacionais dos Irmãos de Nicollet no período estudado. Conclui-se que as supracitadas instituições que constituíram a Obra Educacional dos Nicollet em Guimarães implantaram em sua cultura escolar saberes necessários à propagação do catolicismo, na perspectiva de fortalecimento da igreja. Palavras-chave: Missões Católicas; Instituições Escolares; Educação

Cette thèse de doctorat a pour but d’analyser l’œuvre des poètes américaines Anne Sexton et Sylvia Plath à l’aune des études féminines et de genre en s’attachant à la question du mythe et du désenchantement. Plath et Sexton ont été étiquetées « poètes confessionnelles » ; il s’agit dans un premier temps de comprendre les mécanismes sur lesquels repose cette appellation qui participe de la construction de mythes autour des deux poètes et de les déconstruire. Plath et Sexton se sont connues à la fin des années 50, s’influençant l’une l’autre. Elles ont en commun une poétique du désenchantement, de leurs poèmes « confessionnels » à leurs réécritures de contes de fées et de mythes que l’on peut qualifier d’ « anti-contes ». Si leur style poétique diffère, les thèmes qu’elles abordent se répondent en écho, du trauma incestueux au corps féminin, de la femme au foyer à la représentation dichotomique de « la femme » en Madone et putain. Nous abordons ces sujets dans un deuxième temps en les reliant aux notions de voile et de pudeur. L’injonction à la pudeur provient en partie de la scène poétique bostonienne des années 50 à 70, de l’influence puritaine du poète Robert Lowell et des critiques misogynes. Cette étude s’applique dans un troisième temps à relier littérature et société en mettant en lumière l’influence du contexte patriarcal et poétriarcal sur et dans l’œuvre de Plath et de Sexton. / This Ph.D. thesis analyzes the literary works of American poets Anne Sexton and Sylvia Plath in light of Women’s and Gender Studies and considers the notions of myth and disenchantment. Plath and Sexton were labeled “confessional” poets; this study’s first section seeks to understand the underlying mechanisms of this appellation and how it participated in the construction of myths around the two poets and also aims to deconstruct these myths. Plath and Sexton met at the end of the ‘50s and influenced each other. Their poetics of disenchantment are a common trait in their literary works, from their “confessional” poems to their rewriting of fairy tales and myths which may be called “anti-tales.” Although their poetic styles differ, the themes they pursue are similar, from the incestuous trauma to the female body, from the American housewife to the representation of women through the Madonna/slut dichotomy. In this thesis’s second section, these topics are scrutinized and considered in relation to the notions of veil and modesty. Appeals for modesty stem in part from the Bostonian poetic stage of the 50s-70s, the puritan influence of New England poet Robert Lowell and the misogynistic critics of the time. This study’s third section links literature and society and emphasizes the influence of patriarchal and “poetriarchal” context on and in Plath’s and Sexton’s poetry and prose.

Using the framework set up by rhetorical critic Thomas M. Lessl in his article "Heresy, Orthodoxy, And The Politics Of Science", this study examines the ways in which heretical discourse defines community boundaries and shapes perceptions of right belief. Specifically, this study analyzes the historic conflict in the Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod which produced the doctrinal statement "A Statement of Scriptural and Confessional Principles". Comparison is made between this event and other "heretical" conflicts in other discourse communities. This study concludes that community boundaries must be drawn, and that a doctrinal or policy statement is a useful rhetorical tool to accomplish such a task. Rhetorical critics may assist in this by examining heretical conflicts as historical trends, rather than emotional dissonance.

Kamala Das is one of the best-known contemporary Indian women writers, albeit largely for the controversy that her candid, confessional writing has sparked in the relatively traditional context of Indian academia. Since the publication of her first collection of poetry, Summer in Calcutta (1965), Das has been considered an important voice of her generation. Her provocative poems are known for their unflinchingly honest explorations of the self and female sexuality, urban life, and women’s roles in traditional Indian society. Critics have expressed a range of opinions on her work: some laud her boldness, compelling sincerity and striking originality, while others dismiss her work as sensationalist, limited in scope and unsophisticated. In this dissertation, issues of selfhood represented in the poetry of Kamala Das will be analysed with regard to various aspects of her identity, such as those of a housewife, a lover, an Indian, a female writer, and a confessional poet. Selected theories on identity formation posited by Erik Erikson and Norman Holland will be explored, as will relevant hypotheses on female identity by Nancy Chodorow and Judith Gardiner. I propose that selected aspects of these theories shed light on the themes, tones and subject matter of Das’s verse. Almost all of her poems are personal and are fuelled by an intense need for emotional fulfilment. I suggest that the poet’s search for love is central to her identity and I aim to show how this (largely unsuccessful) quest, as reflected in Das’ poems, stems from various expectations by and on her. The recurring theme of expectations and the resulting tones of despair (the ‘hopes and fears’) in her work will be traced and analysed. This research is valuable in that there has been little exploration into identity and expectations in Das’ work and there is almost no research on her emanating from Africa. Through close textual analysis I also aim to highlight how useful insights into identity formation and female writing can enable a more in-depth understanding of Das’s poetry. Both female identity and women’s writing are increasingly significant fields in academia today, and there has been a rise in autobiographical writing in recent years; thus this research will contribute to debates about these issues in contemporary poetry. A portfolio of my own creative writing will accompany the essay. Like Kamala Das, I am also a Malayalee woman (from the province of Kerala in India) and I identify with some of her concerns with regard to the roles of women. Although my writing is not confessional or as personal as Das’s, our shared experience of the socio-cultural expectations placed upon us (due to our gender and ethnic background) links this mini-dissertation to my poetry portfolio. / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / English / unrestricted

Syftet med denna kunskapsöversikt är att undersöka vad forskningen säger om argument för att ge religionsfrånvaro, ateism och icke-tro en plats i religionskunskapsundervisningen. Vetenskapliga källor i form av avhandlingar och artiklar ligger till grund för kunskapsöversikten och sammanfattningsvis pekar forskarna på att Sverige är ett sekulariserat eller möjligen postsekulariserat, pluralistiskt samhälle där skolan enligt läroplanen ska vara icke-konfessionell. Religionsutövningen har ändrat sin form och fått nya uttryck där andlighet och individualisering tar plats. Kursplanerna i religion i årskurs 1–6 saknar begrepp såsom ateism och icke-tro och observerad religionsundervisning i högstadiet och gymnasiet visar att de ickereligiösa ses som norm och att ämnesdiskussionerna mellan elever ofta utgår från ett vi och dem-tänk. Den insamlade forskningen lyfter flera argument för en breddad religionsundervisning såsom att ett utökat ämnesspråk kan skapa friare diskussionsmöjligheter. Fler elever kan identifiera sig med religionsämnet om även ateism och icke-tro betraktas som en form av tro, och icke-konfessionell religionsundervisning behöver omfatta även ett källkritiskt förhållningssätt. En vidgad begreppsförståelse skapar ett mer inkluderande klassrum där olikheter bemöts med större förståelse och respekt.

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The purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of principles and ethics that dominate four schools with a Muslim profile, two in Sweden and two in England. The specific objectives of the study are:  to examine educational policies with regard to primary schools with a confessional orientation in Sweden and England; to compare two primary schools with a Muslim profile in Sweden with two such schools in England; and in these four schools to describe and examine the manner in which school heads, teachers and other staff deal with the encounters between the values found in the national curriculum of Sweden and England respectively and the principles and ethics embodied in their private philosophy of life; to describe and examine the views of school heads, teachers and other staff on school leadership and any educational, ideological or personal role model they emulate; to describe and examine the expectations and views of parents with regard to the school with a Muslim profile; and describe the views of the pupils regarding their schools and the norms and values in school and; finally, to examine the attitudes of some local authority politicians in Sweden to MP schools. The findings indicate great difference between the two schools with a Muslim profile in Sweden, on the one hand, and the two schools in England, on the other. The fundamental reason for that lies in the parameters which had been established in these countries as the conditions for being permitted to establish and run a school with a confessional orientation. Since the schools in both countries had conformed to the relevant legislation and framework in their respective countries with regard to such schools, they had therefore consequently developed in different directions. / Partly financed by Vetenskapsrådet (Swedish Research Council)

[pt] Educar à fé, para fé ou na fé através do ensino religioso, constitui, na hora presente, grande desafio para a comunidade eclesial. Na sociedade tradicional, marcada pelo contexto de cristandade, o ensino religioso escolar dá continuidade ao ambiente familiar e cultural. Contudo, no ambiente secularizado e pluralista, a comunidade eclesial se vê desafiada a repensar a natureza deste ensino na perspectiva da escola para todos. Para fazer face ao novo ambiente, o modelo tradicional se reformula, e dois novos modelos se colocam lado a lado: o ensino religioso centrado na educação da religiosidade e o ensino religioso focado no estudo do fato religioso. Ora, estes dois modelos têm encontrado fortes resistências na perspectiva do modelo anterior. Educar na fé, para os representantes deste modelo, só é possível única e exclusivamente desde um contato explícito com a revelação judaico-cristã. No entanto, a plenitude da revelação de Jesus Cristo atinge qualitativamente todas as culturas e toda realidade. Assim, as demais tradições religiosas são lugares onde se condensa a revelação de Deus. Logo, o terceiro modelo tem sua relevância. O cristão acostumou a ver a realidade com o olhar dualista da fé e da razão e a classificar a revelação em natural e sobrenatural. Na realidade, a experiência religiosa demonstra que há uma união radicalíssima entre Deus e o ser humano, entre Deus e a realidade, antes de qualquer construção conceitual. Portanto, não se pode negar a validade dos outros modelos para o processo de educação da fé. Se a realidade dos alunos não permite, sem mais, o anúncio explícito, é de grande valia o ensino religioso como preâmbulo à fé cristã. / [fr] Éduquer la croyance, pour elle même ou dans la foi à travers l enseignement religieux, c est, au présent, le grand défi pour la communauté ecclésiastique. Dans la société traditionnelle, marquée pour le contexte de la chrétienté, l enseignement religieux scolaire donne la continuité de l ambience familier et culturel. Cependant, dans l ambient secularisé et pluraliste, la communauté ecclésiastique se voit defiée à repenser la nature de cet enseignement dans la perspective d école pour tous. Alors, pour faire joue au nouveau ambient, le modèle traditionnel se refaire, et deux nouveaux modèles se mettent côte à côte: l enseignement religieux centré dans l éducation de la religiosité et l enseignement religieux sur l étudie du fait religieux. Donc, ces deux modèles ont rencontré beaucoup de résistence dans la perspective du modèle antérieur. Éduquer dans la croyance, pour les représentants de ce modèle, n est que possible exclusivement depuis un contact précis avec la révélation Judaïque-Chrétien. Toutefois, la plenitude de la révélation de Jesus Christ touche qualitativement tous les cultures et la réalité. De cette façon, les autres traditions religieuses sont où se condense la révélation de Dieu. Donc, le troixième modèle a sa propre importance. Le chrétien a habitué à voir la réalité avec les yeux dualiste de la foi, de la raison et à classer la révélation en naturel et surnaturel. Selon la réalité, cette essai religieuse exprime qu`il y a une union radicaliste entre Dieu et l être humain, entre Dieu et la réalité avant quelque construction du concept. Par conséquent, on ne peut pas nier la validité du seconde modèle pour le procès d éducation de la foi.Si la réalité des élèves ne permet pas, sens plus l annonce clair, c est très important l enseignement religieux comme avant-propos de la foi chrétienne.