Submitted by Marco Antonio Oliveira da Silva (maosilva@ipen.br) on 2017-05-25T11:25:19Z No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-25T11:25:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Dada a complexidade epidemiológica do câncer de mama e a escassez de estudos sistemáticos sobre este assunto na região norte do Brasil, este trabalho consiste no primeiro levantamento epidemiológico e assistencial em saúde tomando como base a assistência ao câncer de mama no norte do Tocantins, entre 2010 e 2015, tendo como referência o Hospital Regional de Araguaína. Os objetivos foram: verificar a qualidade das informações cadastradas no SIS-RHC quanto à completude do preenchimento dos dados referentes às mulheres com câncer de mama; avaliar a variação temporal dos percentuais de casos em estádios precoce e tardio da doença no momento do diagnóstico; analisar o tempo decorrido para se conseguir a primeira consulta, o diagnóstico e o tratamento e, analisar a associação entre as variáveis sociodemográficas com o estadiamento do tumor no momento do diagnóstico (precoce e tardio). Foram excluídas as variáveis com grau de incompletude acima de 20%. Verificou-se que: a variável ocupação teve 35,1% de preenchimento incompleto e foi excluída da análise; escolaridade apresentou 10,6% de incompletude, alcoolismo 13,5% e tabagismo 12,8%; as demais variáveis apresentaram menos de 10% de incompletude; a maioria das pacientes se apresentou com doença avançada (51,1%); não houve diferença dos percentuais de pacientes com estádios precoces e tardios ao longo dos anos avaliados (p=0,757); a mediana do tempo para consulta foi de 158 dias e para tratamento foi de 182 dias; as mulheres com estadiamento precoce levaram mais tempo para iniciarem o tratamento comparativamente àquelas com estadiamento tardio (p=0,011); as mulheres de raça/cor preta (p=0,012), analfabeta (p=0,003) e de procedência do Pará (p=0,009) apresentaram maior porcentagem de estadiamento tardio no momento do diagnóstico. Assim, concluiu-se que as variáveis da base de dados são fontes de informação consideráveis; a maioria das mulheres foi diagnosticada com doença avançada e a evolução temporal da proporção de casos avançado e precoce não demonstrou mudanças variacionais ao longo dos anos; a qualidade do serviço ambulatorial do HRA para consultas em mastologia mostrou-se precária com tendência a priorizar o atendimento aos pacientes com doença avançada. Por fim, foi identificado associação de câncer de mama em estádio avançado nas mulheres de raça/cor preta, analfabetas e provenientes do estado do Pará. / Tese (Doutorado em Tecnologia Nuclear) / IPEN/T / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

Submitted by Cláudia Bueno (claudiamoura18@gmail.com) on 2016-05-12T19:45:53Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Mariney Aparecida Farias dos Reis Dutra Vieira - 2010.pdf: 2109450 bytes, checksum: 3eb1278e79c6fabe62b507918c5c79a6 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-05-13T11:49:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Mariney Aparecida Farias dos Reis Dutra Vieira - 2010.pdf: 2109450 bytes, checksum: 3eb1278e79c6fabe62b507918c5c79a6 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-13T11:49:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Mariney Aparecida Farias dos Reis Dutra Vieira - 2010.pdf: 2109450 bytes, checksum: 3eb1278e79c6fabe62b507918c5c79a6 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-02 / In Brazil, they have been increasing the researchers' of the Geography interest, as of the other similar sciences, for the researches on rural establishments, mainly because in that country the agrarian politics, historically, privileges the latifundium. Many are the workers landless laborer, whose only hope of having access to her, it is to use strategies as occupations or camps, provoking a speech of the great defensive media of the latifundium labels them of "invaders". however, that fight doesn't finish with the access the earth, she continues in the organization of the production that makes possible the permanence of the seated families. The establishments tend, like this, they develop her/it a production that associates the service to the self-consumption and the sale of the surplus. In the rural establishment researched in the municipal district of Morrinhos - GO, there is a tendency to the livestock milk pan's development, with the service to the sanitary demands and genetic improvement for us to obtain better production and productivity. In this research, the fight for the ownership and permanence in the earth was studied tends as object the Assentament São Domingos dos Olhos D’Água, located in the municipal district of Morrinhos - GO. The establishment is a small territory farmer imbedded in the immense sea of the latifundium monocultures exporters that you/they seek the profit in first place. The "modern conservative agriculture" expelled the rural workers of the fields; in the cities, without earth, without work, without dignity, many opt to struggle to return to the earth. After a long camp period (06 years) in Farm São Domingos dos Olhos D’Água, with every suffering luck, it leaves of the camped that it resisted conquered the earth and it produces with family work: mandioca, banana, vegetables, cheese, sweet, milk, cosmetic. To accomplish this study, they were necessary risings of data in INCRA, in CPT and in IBGE, interviews, collection of oral depositions. I hope the obtained results can contribute to give visibility á struggles for the earth. / No Brasil, têm aumentado o interesse de pesquisadores da Geografia, como das demais ciências afins, pelas pesquisas sobre assentamentos rurais, principalmente porque nesse país a política agrária, historicamente, privilegia o latifúndio. Muitos são os trabalhadores sem-terra, cuja única esperança de ter acesso à ela, é utilizar estratégias como ocupações ou acampamentos, provocando um discurso da grande mídia defensora do latifúndio rotula-os de “invasores”. No entanto, essa luta não termina com o acesso a terra, ela continua na organização da produção que viabiliza a permanência das famílias assentadas. Os assentamentos tendem, assim, a desenvolverem uma produção que associa o atendimento ao autoconsumo e a venda do excedente. No assentamento rural pesquisado no município de Morrinhos - GO, há uma tendência ao desenvolvimento da pecuária leiteira, com o atendimento às exigências sanitárias e melhoramento genético para obterem melhor produção e produtividade. Nesta pesquisa, a luta pela posse e permanência na terra foi estudada tendo como objeto o Assentamento São Domingos dos Olhos D’Água, localizado no município de Morrinhos - GO. O assentamento é um pequeno território camponês encravado no imenso mar dos latifúndios monocultores exportadores que visam o lucro em primeiro lugar. A “moderna agricultura” conservadora expulsou os trabalhadores rurais dos campos; nas cidades, sem terra, sem trabalho, sem dignidade, muitos optam por lutar para voltar à terra. Após um longo período de acampamento (06 anos) na Fazenda São Domingos dos Olhos D’Água, com toda sorte de sofrimento, parte dos acampados que resistiu conquistou a terra e produz com trabalho familiar: mandioca, banana, hortaliças, queijo, doces, leite, cosméticos. Para realizar este estudo, foram necessários levantamentos de dados no INCRA, na CPT e no IBGE, entrevistas, coleta de depoimentos orais. Espero que os resultados obtidos possam contribuir para dar visibilidade á luta pela terra.

Depuis vingt-cinq ans, les centres hospitaliers universitaires français connaissent un mouvement sans précédent de regroupement de leurs activités médicales qui les conduit à désaffecter puis à vendre de nombreux sites hospitaliers.La reconversion de ces anciens hôpitaux est un enjeu majeur pour les établissements publics de santé comme pour les collectivités. Les premiers doivent valoriser au mieux leur patrimoine pour financer la modernisation ou la construction des hôpitaux en activité. Les secondes doivent réussir la transformation des grands enclos ainsi libérés et garantir leur bon usage au bénéfice des populations des métropoles concernées.Après avoir mis en lumière les mécanismes de décision et de gestion propres à chacun des acteurs et souligné la diversité des attentes, le travail s’appuyant sur l’analyse comparée de neuf opérations situées à Lyon, Marseille, Montpellier, Paris, Poitiers et Saint-Etienne, s’attache à identifier les potentiels de développement urbain des anciens hôpitaux, leurs valeurs parfois paradoxales, enfin le rôle de l’établissement de santé, de la ville ou de l’agglomération, ainsi que de la société civile dans la production des opérations.Cette approche croisée et quantifiée conduit à esquisser des axes de travail d’intérêt général. Ceux-ci concernent aussi bien les centres hospitaliers dans la préparation et la conduite du processus de désaffectation et de cession que les collectivités dans la définition des besoins et la mise en œuvre des opérations. Est mis en avant pour finir le rôle de l’Etat pour réduire les contradictions, aider à la juste évaluation des biens et accélérer les processus de transformation urbaine. / In the past 25 years, French teaching hospitals have had to concentrate their activities as never before, leading to many hospital sites being closed down and sold off. The redevelopment of these former hospitals is a major issue for public healthcare establishments and local authorities alike. The former need to enhance their property to raise funds to modernise and build hospitals in use. The latter need to oversee the transformation of the huge complexes newly available and ensure they benefit the inhabitants of the cities involved. After examining the decision-making process and management implemented by all players and highlighting the sheer diversity of expectations, a comparative analysis of nine operations located in Lyon, Marseille, Montpellier, Paris, Poitiers and Saint-Etienne pinpoints potential urban development of former hospitals, their sometimes contradictory values and the role of the healthcare establishment, city council and civil society in the production of the operations. This comparative approach, backed with figures, leads to some general-interest suggestions. These involve not only the hospitals which prepare and lead the closing process and transfer, but also the local authorities which define requirements and implement operations. Finally, the government’s role of reducing contradictions, helping to properly assess the property and speeding up the processes of urban transformation is also covered.

Memoria para optar al Título Profesional de Inge niero en Recursos Naturales Renova bles

This research project examines the experiences of school principals when implementing the staff-reduction process of the rationalisation policy stipulated by the National Department of Education in 1994. The implementation of this policy has its origins in the Transformation policy of the National government after the first democratic election in South Africa in 1994. The aim of the rationalisation policy is to bring about equity and affirmative action in the staff provision in schools. Achieving this is a collective agreement between the National Education Department and the teachers’ unions where the decision was made that the teacher:learner ratio would be 1:35 in secondary schools and 1:40 in primary schools. The aim of this research is to determine what principals experience during the staff-reduction process(es) and what impact it would have on the principal as the manager of the institution. The researcher also intends to examine the influence that staff reduction has on the working conditions of the principal as well as how this process affects the teaching and learning culture in a school. Ultimately the researcher intends to make recommendations to assist principals that are affected by staff reduction. The research concentrates on a selected group of principals, regardless of race, gender or religion (including principals from secondary, middle and primary schools) who are currently busy with their Masters Degree in Education Leadership and Management at the University of Pretoria. A qualitative research methodology is used to exemplify the perceptions and experiences of principals. The dissertation is divided into five chapters. Chapter One provides an overview and orientation of the study. The focus is the problem statement and the exposition of the aims of the research. Chapter Two concentrates on the literature study that is supported by the collection of empirical data with specific reference to the rationalisation process and the resulting staff reduction process in some schools. Chapter Three discusses the research design and data collection instruments. The focus is on the individual interviews (face to face) done with principals of schools where they air their views regarding the rationalisation process, staff reduction and the impact that the abovementioned has on the teaching and learning process in schools. Transcriptions are made of the audio recordings of the interviews and field notes have also been included as background information for the interviews. In Chapter Four the analysis of the collective interviewed data is done and the empirical data is discussed. Chapter Five is a summary of the research. In this chapter the important findings are discussed and suitable recommendations are made. / Dissertation (MEd (Educational Leadership))--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Education Management and Policy Studies / unrestricted

Este estudo tem por objetivo verificar qual a percepção ambiental dos gestores de meios de hospedagem no município de Caxias do Sul (RS), com relação à qualidade ambiental e sua importância na operacionalização das próprias atividades. A técnica empregada para a coleta de dados foi a entrevista estruturada, embasada num roteiro de 44 questões. Foram feitas entrevistas com 21 sujeitos (gestores de meios de hospedagem). Os resultados demonstram que 76,19% das indicações dos sujeitos revelam estar desinformados sobre o gerenciamento de práticas ambientais em meios de hospedagem e assuntos gerais relacionados às questões ambientais; possibilitam ainda evidenciar a relação direta entre nível geral de informação dos sujeitos entrevistados e o grau de escolaridade. Os resultados permitiram identificar lacunas nos programas de ensino e na gestão ambiental, na área de turismo e hotelaria, quando o assunto é responsabilidade com o meio ambiente, conhecimento e cumprimento da legislação ambiental; bem como a relação existente entre a percepção ambiental e as intenções de conduta dos gestores de meios de hospedagem. Em síntese, para que a percepção ambiental desses gestores seja efetiva, propõe-se a modernização dos cursos de turismo e hotelaria com a inserção da dimensão ambiental, bem como, a intervenção junto a eles, no que diz respeito a atividades de sensibilização para hóspedes e funcionários, informações sobre a legislação ambiental, responsabilidade das atividades hoteleiras em relação ao impacto ambiental das mesmas e, ao planejamento do turismo contemplando a variável ambiental. / The objective of this study is to verify the environmental perception of the managers of lodging establishments in Caxias do Sul (RS), regarding environmental quality and its importance in the operationalization of their own activities. A structured interview based on a script of 44 questions applied to 21 people (lodging establishment managers) was the technique used for data collection. Results show that 76.19% of interviewees revealed to be uninformed about management of environmental practices in lodging establishments and also general matters related to environmental issues. It is also possible to identify a direct relationship between general knowledge and education of the interviewees. Results have lead to the identification of gaps in teaching programs and in environmental management in the areas of Tourism and Hotel Management, regarding environmental responsibility, acknowledgement and complying with environmental laws. It was also possible to identify the relationship between environmental perception and conduct intentions from managers of lodging establishments. In synthesis, in order to these managers have an effective environmental perception, we propose an update on Tourism and Hotel Management courses with the insertion of environmental aspects, as well as interventions concerning sensibilization activities to guests and staff, information regarding environmental legislation, responsibility to hotel activities relating to its environmental impact and tourism planning, taking into consideration the environment variable.

En esta investigación se analiza el desarrollo de la aplicación llamada “Vamos App”, que permite medir el aforo de los locales en tiempo real. La idea surge dada la coyuntura en la que se encuentra el país, donde estamos en un proceso constante de adaptación a las necesidades actuales, con aforos reducidos y distanciamiento social obligatorio. Además, el estilo de vida en general es cada vez más dinámico y la gente tiene menos tiempo para esperar. Por ello, esta aplicación permitirá a los usuarios conocer el aforo de los locales y conocer cuáles son los que tienen espacio disponible según la ubicación de la persona. Además, en nuestra versión “Premium” se podrá acceder a otros beneficios como descuentos, la posibilidad de hacer reservas, entre otros. La investigación nos ha permitido confirmar la viabilidad del proyecto, incursionando nuestra aplicación en el mercado peruano. Para ello, hemos utilizado las redes sociales como nuestro canal de ventas principal, lo que nos permitió obtener resultados satisfactorios expresados en las ventas realizadas. Posteriormente, se realizó el proceso de validación de problema y de la idea de negocio, para luego realizar los planes a futuro, con lo que se obtuvo el plan financiero. Los resultados de nuestra investigación se pueden resumir en que nuestro VAN es de 53,933.27, con retorno en el año 2 y nuestro TIR es de 57.70%, lo que demuestra la viabilidad del proyecto. / This research analyzes the development of the application called "Vamos App", which allows measuring the capacity of the premises in real time. The idea arises given the current situation in the country, where we are in a constant process of adaptation to current needs, with reduced capacity and mandatory social distancing. In addition, the lifestyle in general is increasingly dynamic and people have less time to wait. Therefore, this application will allow users to know the capacity of the premises and to know which ones have available space according to the location of the person. In addition, in our "Premium" version you can access other benefits such as discounts, the possibility of making reservations, among others. The research has allowed us to confirm the viability of the project, entering our application in the Peruvian market. For this, we have used social networks as our main sales channel, which allowed us to obtain satisfactory results expressed in the sales made. Subsequently, the process of validation of the problem and the business idea was carried out, to then carry out the future plans, with which the financial plan was obtained. The results of our research can be summarized in that our NPV is 53,933.27, with a return in year 2 and our IRR is 57.70%, which shows the viability of the project. / Trabajo de investigación

Actualmente, uno de los problemas que ha generado la pandemia es la reducción de aforo en los establecimientos y centros comerciales, lo cual ha causado que se registren colas largas y haya aglomeraciones de las personas afuera de los mismos. A través del presente trabajo, se busca desarrollar un plan de negocio para solucionar el problema mencionado y estudiar la viabilidad de este, el cual tiene como objetivo brindar el aforo o número de personas dentro de los centros comerciales y establecimientos públicos a través de una aplicación, para que tengan esta información relevante antes salir de casa, reduciendo la exposición a más personas y evitando que hagan largas colas. Por ello, se tuvo que realizar entrevistas tanto a usuarios como a expertos, con el fin de validar la idea de negocio propuesta. En primer lugar, se realizó un business model canvas para plantear los aspectos clave del negocio y tener visible la infraestructura, los clientes, proveedores y estructura financiera, para después evaluar y validar cada uno de los cuadrantes. Para ello, se tuvo que llevar a cabo entrevistas con diferentes personas y expertos que se encuentran dentro del segmento de clientes seleccionados, rescatando sus opiniones para desarrollar una aplicación de acuerdo con sus necesidades. En segundo lugar, se desarrolló un mock-up de la aplicación, la cual se le presentó a los entrevistados para que puedan interactuar con ella y brindar sus recomendaciones para modificar la aplicación en caso se considerara necesario y mejorarla, de esta manera los usuarios tendrían una mejor experiencia dentro de la misma. En tercer lugar, se desarrollaron 4 nuevos experimentos para validar el interés de compra de los usuarios, se diseñó una página web, brindando toda la información sobre la idea de negocio, la muestra de la aplicación y sobre todo, los planes de suscripción, de esta manera se pudo medir la intención de compra de cada usuario. Finalmente, se realizaron campañas de publicidad a través de Facebook, para llegar a un mayor segmento de mercado y generar mayor interacción en la página web, esto se tomó en cuenta para elaboración de la proyección de ventas. / At this time, one of the biggest problems that the pandemic has generated is the reduction of capacity in establishments and shopping centers, which has led to long queues and crowds of people outside these places. the main thematic focus of this document is to develop a business plan to solve the problem and study its viability, which has an objective to provide the capacity or the number of people within shopping centers and public establishments through an application, so they have this relevant information before leaving home, reducing the exposure to other people and avoiding long queues. Therefore, interviews with both users and experts had to be conducted in order to validate the proposed business idea. First of all, a business model canvas was made to present the key aspects of the business and have the infrastructure, customers, suppliers and financial structure visible, to later evaluate and validate each of the quadrants. To do this, interviews had to be carried out with different people and experts who are within the selected customer segment, gathering their opinions to develop an application according to their needs. Secondly, a mock-up of the application was developed, which was presented to the interviewees so that they could interact with it and provide their recommendations to modify the application if deemed necessary and improve it, this way the users would have a better experience on the app. Thirdly, 4 new experiments were developed to validate the purchase interest of users, a web page was designed, providing all the information about the business idea, the application sample and above all, the subscription plans, this way the purchase intention of each user could be measured. Finally, advertising campaigns were carried out through Facebook, in order to reach a larger market segment and generate more interaction on the website; this was taken into account when preparing the sales projection. / Trabajo de investigación

Det svenska transportsystemet är i dagsläget till stor del fossilberoende och efterfrågan på transporter förväntas öka det närmaste decennierna. En ökad efterfrågan på transporter genererar i sin tur ökade utsläpp, vilket medför negativa effekter på människors hälsa men även på miljön. För att nå uppsatta klimatmål måste trenden om ständigt ökade trafikvolymer brytas. Samhällsplanering och beteendeförändringar av det mer kraftfulla slaget är nödvändigt för att kunna skapa ett hållbart transportsystem. All utbyggnad av transportinfrastrukturen innebär långsiktiga konsekvenser, dels på grund av den omfattande påverkan det har på städers och regioners struktur men också för att de leder till ett ökat bilresande och därmed större klimatpåverkan. Drivkraften för externa handelsetableringar är stark, och det finns fortfarande många förespråkare som menar att dessa etableringar behövs för att utöka kommuners konkurrenskraft. När externa handelsområden och köpcentrum etableras ökar det totala trafikarbetet med personbil, vilket har en direkt proportionell ökning av koldioxidutsläpp. I Sverige finns inga politiska krav på hur planering av externa och halvexterna handelsetableringar ska utformas, och kommunerna är inte heller skyldiga att upprätta några policys kring dessa etableringar. Detta examensarbete har genom kvalitativa intervjuer med nyckelpersoner i Gävleborgs län undersökt vilka drivkrafter och attityder som finns hos kommunerna vad gäller utveckling och planering av externa och halvexterna handelsetableringar. Ämnet har analyserats utifrån perspektiven tillgänglighet och hållbar utveckling, med stöd från det regionala hållbarhetsmålet om en fossilfri fordonsflotta år 2030, samt den svenska klimatlagen. Det som framkommit under intervjuerna är att det inte finns någon direkt drivkraft hos kommunerna att etablera nya externa handelsområden, men att det finns en vilja att fortsätta utveckla de redan existerande handelsområdena då dessa är viktiga för den lokala tillväxten. I Gävleborgs län prioriteras personbilen och är det vanligaste transportmedlet till länets externa och halvexterna handelsområden. Kommunerna arbetar med att förbättra tillgängligheten med kollektivtrafik, cykel och gång, men trots detta finns uppenbara brister och en medvetenhet om svårigheterna att få hållbara resemedel att bli de dominerande transportsätten till dessa områden. Mer kraftfulla metoder och åtgärder inom samhällsplanering och beteendeförändringar är nödvändigt för att kunna skapa ett hållbart transportsystem. Det kan uppnås genom att kombinera olika styrmedel och att förbättra samverkan inom såväl kommunerna som regionen i helhet. / The current Swedish transportation system is depending on fossil fuels and the demand for transportation is expected to increase in the coming decades. This will lead to increased emissions of greenhouse gases and other airborne pollutants, which have negative impacts both on human health and the environment. In order to achieve the national climate targets, the trend of constantly increasing traffic volumes must be slowed down. In order to create a sustainable transport system, radical changes in both community planning and behavioral changes are going to be necessary. All expansion of the transport infrastructure has long- term consequences, partly because of its extensive impact on the structure of cities and regions, but also because they can cause increased car travel and generate greater climate impacts. External trade agreements and the strive towards economic growth has a strong influence on traffic planning in the Swedish municipalities. When suburban retail districts and shopping centers are established, the total amount car traffic increases, which leads to increased carbon dioxide emissions. In Sweden, there are no political rules or guidelines on how external trade establishments should be planned, nor are the municipalities obliged to establish any such policies. Through a series of qualitative interviews with people in position of policy making in Gävleborg County, the present thesis investigated the driving forces and attitudes that exist in the municipalities regarding the development and planning of external establishments. The topic has been analyzed from the perspective of accessibility and sustainable development, supported by the regional sustainability goal of a fossil-free vehicle fleet in 2030, and the Swedish climate law. What emerged during the interviews is that there is no direct impetus for the municipalities to establish new external trade areas, but that there is a willingness to continue to develop the already existing ones, as they are deemed important for local growth. In the regional traffic planning, the passenger car is given priority, since it is the most commonly used means of transportation to and from the county’s suburban shopping districts. The municipalities are working to improve accessibility by public transport, bicycle and walking, but there is an awareness of the difficulties in making sustainable forms of travel the dominant transportation to these areas. More powerful methods and measures in community planning and behavior change are necessary to create a sustainable transport system. This can be achieved by combining different instruments and improving collaboration within both the municipalities and the region.

"The purpose of this study is to determine the factors affecting the selection of a particular lodging establishment in Tallahassee. This study investigates the basic factors affecting the choice between the primary types of lodging establishments--hotels and motels. An attempt is made to find any existing relationship between the various physical, aesthetic, and economic qualities of representative establishments and the income, occupation or profession, education, geographic origin, and other pertinent factors which may be used to classify the different segements of the traveling public. Attitudes and mental associations held by the respondents are studied because 'they tell us not only what people will accept or reject but how something can be presented to them'"--Introduction. / Typescript. / "August, 1957." / "Submitted to the Graduate Council of Florida State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science." / Advisor: J. Frank Dame, Professor Directing Study. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 50-51).