Submitted by isabela.moljf@hotmail.com (isabela.moljf@hotmail.com) on 2016-08-05T14:53:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 gustavodemelloduarte.pdf: 1573589 bytes, checksum: 486cc0ba02e0fb8b5412333db6a11102 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-08-05T16:12:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 gustavodemelloduarte.pdf: 1573589 bytes, checksum: 486cc0ba02e0fb8b5412333db6a11102 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-08-05T16:12:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 gustavodemelloduarte.pdf: 1573589 bytes, checksum: 486cc0ba02e0fb8b5412333db6a11102 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-05T16:12:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 gustavodemelloduarte.pdf: 1573589 bytes, checksum: 486cc0ba02e0fb8b5412333db6a11102 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-19 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Com base na Sociologia do Cotidiano de Michel Maffesoli e outros estudos de temática relevante, empregando uma abordagem mais sensível, este estudo objetivou desvelar o que é ser enfermeira(o) no cotidiano de uma unidade de terapia intensiva. Utilizou-se da pesquisa qualitativa e de uma entrevista semiestruturada, para a coleta de dados. Sua relevância nasceu de vivências profissionais e indagações pessoais do pesquisador, que se confirmaram no decorrer da fundamentação do estudo, bem como da necessidade de possibilitar uma forma de expressão mais abrangente para os enfermeiros e enfermeiras de unidades de terapia intensiva, uma vez que existe uma lacuna em estudos desta natureza. Buscou-se conhecer as vivências cotidianas, os sentimentos e os significados atribuídos pelas(os) enfermeiras(os) ao estar inserido em um ambiente de características especiais. Pode-se inferir deste estudo que a(o) enfermeira(o) possui sim uma visão produtivista e de resultados: percebe como úteis as tecnologias e as máquinas, pauta seu trabalho nas normas e rotinas e não se dá conta dos sentimentos que vivencia enquanto trabalha, mas utiliza todas estas ferramentas para desempenhar seu papel. Ao mesmo tempo, apresenta sensibilidade e organicidade em seu ser, dando valor ao estar junto, ao se importar com o outro, sem deixar de ser profissional, e ao trabalhar em equipe. Assim este SER enfermeira(o) é complexo, plural e singular, não podendo ser estereotipado ou classificado, é engrenagem motora do intrincado ambiente da unidade de terapia intensiva / Based on the Sociology of Everyday Life by Michel Maffesoli and on other studies of relevant thematic, and also employing a more sensitive approach, this study aimed to uncover what it is to be a nurse in the daily life of an intensive care unit. We did it with a qualitative study that used semi-structured interviews to collect data. Its relevance was born with professional experiences and personal questions of the researcher, which were confirmed in the reasoning course of the study, as well as with the need to enable a more comprehensive form of expression for nurses working in intensive care units, since there is a gap in studies of this nature aimed at getting to know the nurses’ daily experiences, feelings and meanings of being inserted in an environment of special features. It was noticed in the study that this Being Nurse does have a productivist vision of results: he/she likes technology and machines, bases his/ her work on the norms and routines. It was also noticed that he /she does not realize the feelings he/she experiences while working, but he/she uses all these tools to perform his/her role. At the same time, he/she has a sensitivity and an organicity in his/her being, giving value to being together, while caring for the other, without ceasing to being professional, and while working as a team. Thus, this BEING nurse is complex, plural and singular, and cannot be stereotyped or classified. It is the driving gear of the intricate environment of the intensive care unit.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-09-08T19:53:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 andersondossantos.pdf: 1658167 bytes, checksum: 7ae86a51fef3fe93e5c3d3efecd65b85 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-10-04T12:33:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 andersondossantos.pdf: 1658167 bytes, checksum: 7ae86a51fef3fe93e5c3d3efecd65b85 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-10-04T12:33:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 andersondossantos.pdf: 1658167 bytes, checksum: 7ae86a51fef3fe93e5c3d3efecd65b85 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-04T12:33:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 andersondossantos.pdf: 1658167 bytes, checksum: 7ae86a51fef3fe93e5c3d3efecd65b85 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-08-24 / A partir da compreensão do efêmero, das incertezas e da complexidade é que construí a presente dissertação. É fruto de minhas indagações perante a escola e à(s) diferença(s) dos(as) educandos(as). Pretendi, então, mergulhar no cotidiano escolar (re)visitando as práticas pedagógicas materializadas nos currículos realizados/inventados problematizando as diversas formas de serestarparecer dos sujeitos. A pesquisa com o cotidiano de base epistemológica da complexidade muito me ajudou a compreender as ondulações, as intempéries, as calmarias vividas/sentidas... O período Atual me permite tal compreensão na medida em que navega sobre o caos/ordem, certezas/incertezas rumo a um processo de diálogo com as diversas culturas. ―Navegar é preciso‖, diz Fernando Pessoa. Tal viagem não se fez sozinha e desacompanhada, pelo contrário, muitos foram os sujeitos e os diálogos que transitaram durante as observações nas salas de aula e dos encontros que realizei com as professoras. Tive como locus os espaçostempos da Escola Estadual São Vicente de Paulo (Juiz de Fora/MG) que mostrou o quão dinâmico e complexo é o seu processo de enfrentamento de situações com seus educandos(as). Assim, as palavras das professoras dos 5º anos do Ensino Fundamental foram peças essenciais de todo esse mergulho, na medida em que houve construções e desconstruções de pensamentos e práticas com as individualidadescoletividades que constituem os seus educandos(as) – sujeitos encarnados e praticantes. No diálogo com as professoras pudemos observar como os sujeitos se constroem/desconstroem com grande mobilidade; como os sujeitos são anulados/exaltados; como os sujeitos são estereotipados; enfim, como a(s) diferença(s) constituem os sujeitos. Para além de estabelecer um pensamento determinista, visualizamos que quando um currículo é ―carrancudo‖, a(s) identidade(s) são consideradas fixas e a(s) diferença(s) são negadas. Em contrapartida, quando um currículo é realizado/inventado, a(s) identidade(s) são consideradas móveis e a(s) diferença(s) são vividas. Portanto, essa pesquisa fez com que eu fosse caçacaçador de mim mesmo e das práticas pedagógicas com a(s) diferença(s). / It was from the understanding of the ephemeral, the uncertainty and complexity that this dissertation was built. It is the result of my inquiries before the school and the difference(s) among students. I intended to dip in school life (re)visiting teaching practices embodied in the curricula made/invented various forms of questioning to be/seem/to be of the subjects. The survey of the everyday basic epistemological complexity much helped me understand the waves, storms, calms the lived/ experienced… The contemporary period allows such understanding as it navigates over the chaos/order, certainty/uncertainty towards a process of dialogue with different cultures. ―Sailing is needed‖, says Fernando Pessoa. This trip was not done by itself and without company, on the contrary, there were many subjects and conversations carried out during observations in classrooms and meetings with teachers. I had as a locus the spacestimes of the State School São Vicente de Paulo (Juiz de Fora/MG), which showed to me how dynamic and complex is its process of facing the situations with their students. Thus the words of the teachers of the 5th year of Elementary School were essential parts of this diving, as there were constructions and deconstructions of thoughts and practices that constitute individualitiescollectivities of their students – incarnated subjects and practitioners. Through the dialogue with the teachers we observed how subjects are constructed/deconstructed with high mobility; how subjects are canceled/exalted; how subjects are stereotyped; finally, how difference(s) constitute the subjects. In addition to establishing a deterministic thinking, we see that when the curriculum is strict, the identity(ies) are considered fixed and difference(s) are denied. In contrast, when a curriculum is made/invented, the identity(ies) are considered in their movements and difference(s) are experienced. Therefore, this research made me become hunter and hunted of myself and of pedagogical practices with the difference(s).

Orientador: Ana Luiza Bustamante Smolka / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T10:17:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Camargo_AndreiaReginadeOliveira_M.pdf: 3091378 bytes, checksum: 6217d64149c6ae4b31f0483dd8cbda6d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: A presente pesquisa busca analisar condições, interações e impactos relacionados à integração dos instrumentos tecnológicos nas relações de ensino. A partir de interlocuções estabelecidas entre professores, gestores e alunos no desenvolvimento de um projeto de intervenção no ambiente escolar, procurou-se acompanhar o trabalho dos professores via semanários, sugerir atividades, realizar oficinas, explorando diversas experiências e possibilidades de trabalho com recursos tecnológicos, observando e registrando o desenvolvimento do projeto, que se efetivou em uma vivência participativa. As formas de interação e participação, as atividades significativas, a mediação do professor e da pesquisadora, os resultados e produtos do trabalho realizado, foram discutidos e compartilhados, buscando-se relacionar os pressupostos teóricos da perspectiva Histórico-Cultural assumida e a prática cotidiana dos professores em exercício, que experienciavam as possibilidades de integração das tecnologias no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Através do desenvolvimento da pesquisa observou-se que a apropriação e a utilização de instrumentos tecnológicos possibilitam o redimensionamento da prática educativa. / Abstract: This dissertation aims to evaluate conditions, interactions and impacts related to the integration of technological devices on teaching processes. Based on interlocution established between professors, managers and students when developing school environment interference projects, this project intended to follow professors work up through seminars, activities and workshops, surveying several experiences and work possibilities with technical resources, pointing project evolution out on a participatory life. The participation and interaction patterns, the relevant activities, the mediation of professor and researchers, the results and products reached were all discussed and shared in order to link theoretical conjectures of historic-cultural perspectives adopted and daily practices of professors when laboring, which have experienced the integration possibilities of technologies on teaching and learning process. Through the research process it was possible to observe how the appropriation and utilization of technological instruments contribute to the redimensioning of educational practice. / Mestrado / Psicologia Educacional / Mestra em Educação

Submitted by Programa de Pós-Graduação em Mídia e Cotidiano (ppgmc@vm.uff.br) on 2017-05-04T18:25:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Online Full Time - A sociabilidade da gerações Y e Z no cotidiano tecnológico - Douglas Azevedo .pdf: 7348684 bytes, checksum: 3d2421e55e2d73a2467bd67e4d308ead (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Josimara Dias Brumatti (bcgdigital@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-06-12T16:01:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Online Full Time - A sociabilidade da gerações Y e Z no cotidiano tecnológico - Douglas Azevedo .pdf: 7348684 bytes, checksum: 3d2421e55e2d73a2467bd67e4d308ead (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-12T16:01:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Online Full Time - A sociabilidade da gerações Y e Z no cotidiano tecnológico - Douglas Azevedo .pdf: 7348684 bytes, checksum: 3d2421e55e2d73a2467bd67e4d308ead (MD5) / Capes / O objetivo desta pesquisa foi investigar a nova forma de sociabilidade das gerações Y e Z no cotidiano das metrópoles, especificamente na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Estamos vivenciando um processo evolutivo da tecnologia, no qual nossas atividades comunicacionais estão sendo alteradas pelo uso do celular e de aplicativos e suas aplicabilidades. Através de uma pesquisa de observação simples em quatro locais públicos - metrô, shopping, bares e praias -, foi elaborada uma pesquisa quantitativa a fim de investigar esta nova forma de sociabilidade entre os jovens. Para isso, tivemos como campo de estudo a cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Em relação à observação simples, tratamos de relatar a investigação acerca da sociabilização dos subgrupos nos espaços públicos supracitados. A pesquisa quantitativa foi realizada presencialmente com 400 jovens e adolescentes pertencentes às gerações Y e Z, respectivamente. Como no cotidiano há uma pluralidade de olhares, conceitos de sociologia, antropologia, psicologia e comunicação foram utilizados a fim de entender e elucidar esta nova forma que surge e modifica, paulatinamente, o processo comunicacional. Para sustentar nossa proposta, foram usados conceitos de autores como: Abreu, Augé, Bauman, Benjamin, Caiafa, Carr, Castells, Eisenstein, Greenfield, Heller, Jenkins, King, Lanier, Lemos, Nardi, Recuero, Rushkoff, Sennett, Serres, Simmel, Sodré, Turkle, dentre outros / The objective of this research was to investigate the new form of sociability of Y and Z generations in the daily life of cities, specifically in the city of Rio de Janeiro. We are experiencing an evolutionary process technology in which our communicational activities are being changed by the use of mobile phones and applications and their applicability. Through a simple observation research in four public places - subway, shopping, bars and beaches - a quantitative survey was designed to investigate this new form of sociability among young people. For this, we as field of study the city of Rio de Janeiro. Regarding the simple observation, we try to report the investigation of the socialization of the subgroups in the aforementioned public spaces. The quantitative survey was conducted in person with 400 youth and adolescents belonging to generations Y and Z, respectively. As in everyday there is a plurality of views, sociology concepts, anthropology, psychology and communication were used in order to understand and elucidate this new form which appears and changes gradually, the communication process. To support our proposal, authors concepts were used as Abreu, Augé, Bauman, Benjamin, Caiafa, Carr, Castells, Eisenstein, Greenfield, Heller, Jenkins, King, Lanier, Lemos, Nardi, Recuero, Rushkoff, Sennett, Serres, Simmel, Sodre, Turkle, among others. Keywords:

This essay shows how six adults in the age between 26 and 71 relate to alcohol and talk about the importance of alcohol in their early lives, when they grew up and now in their everyday life. Three men and three women participates in this study. I used the snowball method and Facebook to get in touch with people to interview. A short summary and presentation was sent out through e-mail to a total amount of ten persons. There are six persons participating in this study, four through physically recorded interviews and two answered the interview questions through e-mail. Theoretical perspectives in this essay is Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmanns phenomenology and Sara Ahmeds queer phenomenology. The aim for this study was partly to show how these persons, as individual subjects, relate to alcohol but also how they look at the body’s orientation in spaces where alcohol is present such as the pub. Both the women and the men in this study talked about the pub as a place where it’s expensive and that the supply is limited. The pub was not described as a particularly nice place. The women in this study talked about that they don’t feel a need to drink alcohol or to become drunk. The men in this study primarily see alcohol as a type of meal drink. When it comes to differences between masculinity and femininity associated with alcohol this essay shows that the women in this study often think about the risks of drinking too much or they look down on others drinking too much. The men in this study showed awareness of the fact that women are more likely to be corrected if they drink too much and that it’s easier for men to become drunk without anyone correcting them.

La thèse porte sur les conditions de vie des personnes sans domicile hébergées dans des structures d'accueil de jour et/ou de nuit. Elle documente, questionne et analyse ce que signifie habiter quand on est sans domicile. Elle repose sur une enquête ethnographique,par observations et par entretiens, menée dans trois structures choisies en raison de leurs caractéristiques différentes. Il s'agit d'explorer et de comparer le vécu des résidents en se focalisant sur l'hébergement mais aussi en prenant en compte les espaces extérieurs à celui-ci comme ceux habités précédemment. La perspective adoptée dans la thèse donne à voir aussi bien les fortes contraintes subies par les hébergés que les ressources activées dans ces situations, comme la possibilité de s'approprier les lieux, d'aider ses pairs et de s'organiser collectivement. Par ailleurs, elle se place dans le monde de la matérialité et du quotidien, en prenant en compte, par exemple, l'ensemble des temps ou des moments vécus par les résidents, qu'ils soient ordinaires (se laver, déjeuner),transgressifs (voler, boire de l'alcool) ou exceptionnels (fêter un anniversaire). La thèse raconte la chronique du vécu des résidents dans chaque hébergement. Ce faisant, il est possible de saisir les spécificités des trois structures. Elle met en lumière,grâce à une analyse thématique, les trois dimensions qui structurent l'expérience des résidents, à savoir : l'espace privatif, la cohabitation et le temps. Elle montre que chacune a son importance et peut jouer un rôle dans le processus conduisant à « s'en sortir », ce dernier étant essentiel à dégager et à expliquer afin de souligner que la situation des personnes sans domicile n'est pas irréversible.La première partie de la thèse est méthodologique. Elle expose la démarche d'enquête,les options théoriques retenues et la construction du questionnement. La seconde partie correspond à la chronique de la vie quotidienne des hébergés et la troisième propose une analyse micro-sociologique et comparative des situations observées. / The thesis is about the living conditions of the homeless people taken in day, night, day and night shelters. It provides information, enquiries and analyses on what living in a place means when one is homeless. At the root of the thesis is an ethnographical enquiry, consisting in observations and interviews, which were carried out in three different shelters, selected for their different features. The purpose is to explore and compare the quality of !ife of the residents, focusing on their housing conditions but also taking into account the existing outside areas neighbouring the shelters and those the homeless used previously. The angle chosen in the dissertation shows the huge constraints the residents have to bear as well as the resources injected into those situations, like the possibility for the residents to take over the place, to help fellow residents,and to organize collectively. Besides, it delves into the actua] material conditions, and the problems of everyday !ife, taking into account all the different stages and moments the residents live, whether they are ordinary, infringements, or out of the ordinary. A detailed account of the residents' lives in each reception centre is provided. Doing this enables us to understand the parlicularities of the three homes. Thanks to a thematic analysis, it displays the three aspects that structure the residents' experiences, namely : a private space, co-living with others, and time. The point is to show that each has its importance and can play a part in the process of "getting out' oftheir difficult situation.

The purpose of this study is to examine ordinary people’s resistance against the king and queen between the years of 1718 and 1790 in Sweden. This is done by examining court cases of treasonous and defamatory words used against the king and queen. The criticism and resistance towards the king and queen are analysed and compared to see how men and women in powerful positions were perceived differently. This essay also tries to answer how the dominant elite respond to the resistance. To analyse the everyday resistance, James C. Scott’s theories about hidden and public transcript are used. Criticism against the royal family was illegal in 18th century Sweden and was therefore often spoken in private settings. When the criticism or defamation was spoken in public places, it was often the result of drunkenness, outbursts of strong feelings or mental illness. The resistance found in these words can also be publicly displayed when the sender was disguised, either by anonymous texts or using a physical disguise. The king was the main subject of the critique; in 17 of 21 cases the king was criticised and the queen in 6 cases. These numbers includes cases where both were criticised. Criticism against the king often concerned political issues or a person’s discontent about something. In contrast, the queen was subject to slander against her character. The king was also more often represented as an abstract power figure in the analysed cases. This is connected to the king’s formal power, whereas the queen’s power was more informal. Both the king and queen was criticised for their reckless spending, since society’s divisions affected both men and women. Class also affected how the resistance was performed, where people from higher classes gave written criticism and lower classes tended to express their criticism more spontaneously.

This multi-method ethnographic study explores the everyday lives of people with dementia living in the community, cared for by a spouse or family member. It examines three case studies of individuals with early to moderate stage dementia. The latter were attending a weekly day-centre group and this thesis explores their interactions with each other, individual histories, tastes, habits and daily habits. The primary aim of the research was to explore the natural role of music in the lives of these subjects as individuals and as a group. In doing so, this undertaking shows how, in supportive environments, agency and capacity can flourish, leading to constituents of ‘re-covery’, to use mental health terminology. This highlights some of the important matters that are overlooked where perspectives emphasise dementia as a disease of the brain. By contrast, it illuminates the role of social and environmental factors and their contribution to well-being. After initial interviews with each individual and in some cases, members of their families, five months of participant observation followed, primarily located in a home-based day care service. The data set was formed from 178 hours of field observations, a number of audio-recordings made during the sessions, and detailed field notes. This study shows that a close-up focus on the minute details of how a person lives their life and ‘dwelling’ with them for an extended period will illuminate many of the processes that work toward maintaining the well-being of people with dementia and facilitate their revitalisation. Significantly, it was the integration of music within and alongside the everyday tapestries of activities and events which helped create a space for connection and pleasure. The thesis findings reveal how the participants in this research repeatedly demonstrated expertise and insight, albeit not always verbally expressed, but shown in and through forms of practice as regards what was required for their well-being and how to achieve it. This achievement, however, also relied upon thoughtful and creative collaboration with others (carers, family members, etc.), working alongside the participants for mutually beneficial ends. The thesis concludes that what is required for people with dementia and their well-being does not differ substantially from what is generally required by humankind, but there are certain skills and modes of co-operative assistance that are necessary to ensure and maintain the well-being of people with dementia.

Denna studie undersöker hur det privata vardagslyssnade av musik ser ut idag hos studenter. Studien har särskild fokus på hur lyssnandet påverkas av studenternas tillgång till musik via tjänsten Spotify. Uppsatsen presenterar, diskuterar och analyserar fem semi-strukturerade intervjuer utifrån tidigare forskning samt psykologen James Gibsons teori om affordance. Undersökningen är strukturerad efter ett antal teman som exempelvis: musik som tröst, musik för att kontrollera en social situation och musik och identitet. Materialet från intervjuerna jämförs och analyseras utifrån teorin om affordance. Resultatet visar att vardagslyssnandet idag ser annorlunda ut på grund av den mängd av musik som idag finns tillgängligt för studenterna, till skillnad från innan streamingstjänsterna slog igenom.

This investigation concerns the inclusion of information and communication technologies in education oriented persons deprived of liberty. The objective was to examine how information technology and communication can be used as a teaching methodology, for an education that emphasizes the process of teaching and learning in the physics of the prison system, within the State Center for Youth and Adult Education and Popular Culture Julieta Balestro in Santa Maria / RS. Through qualitative methodology, case study type, activities and interviews involving information and communication technologies, with high school students the educational center located in the district of Santo Antão, at the State Penitentiary in Santa Maria were performed. The interview and the activities were planned in order to ascertain the conceptions that the student has regarding education in prisons and encourage logical thinking at the time that these physical phenomena, dealing with the experience of these situations are addressed via computer simulations and videos. It was concluded that the inclusion of information and communication technologies in the prison education improves the teaching and learning of young people and adults who are deprived of freedom, making the students involved have more interest and be able to relate to the teaching of physics their daily lives. In contrast, we detected an aggravating disregard for the universal right to education, with an overlap of duties makes most students understand the right to education as a privilege. / A presente investigação refere-se a inserção de Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação no ensino voltado a pessoas privadas de liberdade. O objetivo foi analisar de que forma as tecnologias de informação e comunicação podem ser utilizadas como uma metodologia de ensino, para uma educação que priorize o processo de ensino-aprendizagem no ensino de Física do sistema prisional, no âmbito do Núcleo Estadual de Educação de Jovens e Adultos e de Cultura Popular Julieta Balestro, em Santa Maria/RS. Através da metodologia qualitativa, do tipo estudo de caso, foram realizadas atividades e entrevista, envolvendo tecnologias de informação e comunicação, com estudantes do ensino médio do núcleo educacional situado no distrito de Santo Antão, junto à Penitenciária Estadual de Santa Maria. A entrevista e as atividades foram planejadas com intuito de tomar conhecimento das concepções que os educando tem no que se refere a educação em prisões e incitar o raciocínio lógico destes no momento em que fenômenos físicos, que tratam de situações da vivência dos mesmos, são abordados via simulações computacionais e vídeos. Concluiu-se que a inserção das tecnologias de informação e comunicação no ensino prisional melhora o processo de ensino-aprendizagem de jovens e adultos que estão privados de liberdade, fazendo com que os educandos envolvidos tenham mais interesse e consigam relacionar o ensino de Física com o seu cotidiano. Em contrapartida, detectou-se um agravante descaso com o direito universal a educação, sendo que uma sobreposição de direitos faz com que a maioria dos estudantes entendam o direito a educação como um privilégio.