I en politisk styrd verksamhet jobbar HR-chefer i en föränderlig miljö där förutsättningarna kan komma att ändras utifrån den politiska agendan. Den moderna kommunen styrs genom visioner och mål som sätts av kommunfullmäktige för att sedan implementeras i hela organisationen. För att nå måluppfyllnad arbetar HR-funktionen fram aktiviteter och indikatorer inom det egna verksamhetsområdet. En svårighet i att nå måluppfyllnad kan vara att målen inom HR ofta är av mjukare karaktär och därmed svåra att mäta. Sett ur ett HR-perspektiv är tidigare forskning begränsad när det handlar om kommunala tjänstemäns relationer till förtroendevalda. Uppsatsen bygger på en fallstudie av Stockholms stad där fyra HR-chefer står i fokus. Syftet är att skapa en förståelse av hur dessa HR-chefer ser på sin egen roll och sin relation till de förtroendevalda politikerna i nämnden ovanför dem. Genom att titta på målstyrningens effekter på HR-chefernas roller och relationer till förtroendevalda politiker uppfylls uppsatsen syfte. Utifrån fyra semistrukturerade intervjuer har data samlats in för att sedan jämföra med tidigare forskning.Resultaten visar på att målstyrningen ger ett verktyg som öppnar upp för transparens inom organisationen vilket underlättar måluppfyllnaden och skapar legitimitet. Insynen i hela organisationen ger en bekräftelse i den egna rollen som HR-chef och fungerar även som en länk mellan kommunala tjänstemän och förtroendevalda politiker. Det går att se på relationen mellan HR-chefer och förtroendevalda politiker ur olika synvinklar beroende på var i organisationen HR-chefen befinner sig. HR-cheferna under förvaltningsnämnder har mer överlappande roller som innebär en högre delaktighet innan målen sätts. I jämförelse med HR-cheferna under kommunstyrelsen som har mer separata roller, vilket innebär att de arbetar med redan fastställda mål. En förklaring till skillnaden kan vara att förtroendevalda politiker ute på nämnderna är fritidspolitiker medan de förtroendevalda i kommunstyrelsen består av fler heltidsengagerade politiker.

Athletic training is multidimensional, specific, complex and versatile process (Smith, 2003; Issurin, 2008; Gamble, 2010) long-term and developing athlete’s physical capacities and improving mental qualities, comprehensively developing personality, determining its actions, behaviour, self-sufficiency and responsibility, as well as motivating to achieve impressive results. A team is a complex integrated dynamic system (Glazier, 2010; Dutt-Mazumder et al., 2011), which management is very complex due to many determinant factors. In most cases, only the issues of the one side of the athlete training are being discussed. Thus, the possibility to determine the interaction between the athlete’s training and athlete’s sport performance is reduced. It is being constantly researched for new ways to find the most significant, influential training indicators, which would allow controlling athletes’ fitness to be able to achieve the best results in the most important competitions (Busso, 2003; Mujika et al., 2004; Reilly, 2001; Gamble, 2006; Hughes, Franks, 2006). The complexity of athlete training is lately influenced by the increasing number of competitions (Smith, 2003; Issurin, 2008, 2010, 2010a; Borresen, Michael, 2009; Gamble, 2010). This complicates the targeting athlete training for the most important competitions of the year. The athletes’, as well as handball players’ sport performance is influenced by the set training program (Banister et al., 1999; Kotzamanidis et al., 1999... [to full text] / Sportininkų rengimas yra daugiametis, daugialypis, specifinis, sudėtingas ir įvairiapusis procesas (Smith, 2003; Issurin, 2008; Gamble, 2010), kuris ugdo sportininko judamuosius gebėjimus, tobulina psichines savybes, visapusiškai lavina asmenybę, lemia jos veiklą, elgesį, savarankiškumą ir atsakingumą, skatina siekti puikių rezultatų. Komanda yra sudėtinga kompleksinė dinaminė sistema, kurią valdyti yra labai sudėtinga dėl daugybės veiksnių (Glazier, 2010; Dutt-Mazumder et al., 2011). Dažniausiai nagrinėjama tik vienpusiški sportininkų rengimo klausimai, ir tuomet sumažėja galimybė nustatyti tiesioginius ryšius tarp sportininkų rengimo ir parengtumo. Nuolat yra tyrinėjama, ieškoma būdų, kaip rasti svarbiausius, turinčius daugiausiai įtakos rengimo rodiklius, kurie leistų valdyti sportininkų parengtumą, kad svarbiausiose varžybose būtų pasiekta geriausių rezultatų (Busso, 2003; Mujika et al., 2004; Reilly, 2001; Gamble, 2006; Hughes, Franks, 2006). Sportininkų rengimas yra sudėtingas dėl pastaruoju metu gausėjančio varžybų skaičiaus – tai komplikuoja kryptingą sportininkų rengimą svarbiausioms metų varžyboms (Smith, 2003; Issurin, 2008, 2010, 2010a; Borresen, Michael, 2009; Gamble, 2010). Sportininkų (taip pat ir rankininkų) parengtumas priklauso nuo taikomos rengimo programos (Banister et al., 1999; Kotzamanidis et al., 1999; Mester, Perl, 2000; Busso, 2003; Dick, 2006; Gamble, 2006; Ronglan et al., 2006; Drust et al., 2007; Vargas et al., 2008; Carling et al., 2009). Dėl... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]

The active F dwarf HR 1817 represents the upper temperature extreme of what are broadly termed solar-type stars - stars which have the same internal structure as the Sun, albeit in this case with a much smaller convective zone. To date, studies of the active surface features and magnetic fields of solar-type stars have been restricted to G and K dwarfs. This thesis investigates the surface and magnetic features of HR 1817 using the techniques of Doppler and Zeeman Doppler Imaging, resulting in tomographic maps of the stellar surface and magnetic field. Cooler stars than HR 1817 exhibit large polar spots, and while HR 1817 also exhibits a polar spot, it is not nearly as large as those usually seen. The lower-latitude surface features of HR 1817 are weak but well defined and cover a relatively small area of the stellar surface. Total spot coverage is relatively small (~ 1.7 - 2 per cent). Zeeman Doppler Imaging reveals that HR 1817 exhibits a richly-detailed, though weak magnetic topography. A ring of azimuthal field appears around the pole, while the radial field exhibits many well-defined and distinct bipolar mid-latitude magnetic features, perhaps indicating a more dominant interface dynamo as opposed to the posited distributed dynamo of cooler active dwarfs. Finally, a differential rotation measurement of the star indicates an extremely large rotational shear. Values for the equatorial rotation and rotational shear of 6.494 +/- 0.010 rad/d and 0.256 +/- 0.017 rad/d respectively are found. This equatorial rotation is equivalent to a rotational period for HR 1817 of ~ 0.98 days. The very high rotational shear of 0.256 rad/d is fast enough for the equator to lap the pole in approximately 23 days.

Thesis (M.Ed.)--Cleveland State University, 2008. / Abstract. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on July 7, 2008). Includes bibliographical references (p. 33-36). Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center. Also available in print.

Submitted by Ana Hilda Fonseca (anahilda@ufba.br) on 2016-09-01T17:47:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO MAURO GUIDA _13 DE MAIO 2010_.pdf: 1593820 bytes, checksum: 35963c297acc7147945a9ce785d68035 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Vanessa Reis (vanessa.jamile@ufba.br) on 2016-09-02T16:33:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO MAURO GUIDA _13 DE MAIO 2010_.pdf: 1593820 bytes, checksum: 35963c297acc7147945a9ce785d68035 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-02T16:33:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO MAURO GUIDA _13 DE MAIO 2010_.pdf: 1593820 bytes, checksum: 35963c297acc7147945a9ce785d68035 (MD5) / Capes / A própolis é um produto apícola, originário de vegetais utilizado na medicina popular e na indústria de alimentos. Tem composição mineral complexa e dependente do tipo de abelha e tipo de vegetação da região onde é produzida. Neste trabalho foram propostas estratégias analíticas visando quantificar os elementos Al, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, V e Zn presentes nas 51 amostras de própolis “in natura”, produzidas em apiários instalados no Estado da Bahia. Foram investigados dois procedimentos para decomposição das amostras e os digeridos foram usados para determinação dos analitos por espectrometria de emissão óptica com plasma indutivamente acoplado (ICP OES) e espectrometria de absorção atômica de alta resolução utilizando fonte continua (HR-CS FAAS). Os procedimentos de decomposição investigados empregando aquecimento condutivo ou assistido por radiação microondas, mostraram-se eficientes com recuperações na faixa de 94-105%. O procedimento empregando forno de microondas com cavidade apresenta como vantagens menor tempo de análise, resultados precisos e baixos limites de detecção. Foram testados dois sistemas para introdução das amostras: nebulizador concêntrico seaspray-câmara de nebulização ciclônica (SP) e nebulizador com ranhuras em V e câmara de nebulização Sturman Masters (VG). Aplicando o teste t pareado ao nível de confiança de 95% não houve diferença significativa nas concentrações obtidas pelos dois sistemas, mas as sensibilidades alcançadas, para todos os elementos estudados, foram aproximadamente 50% melhores para o sistema SP quando comparadas com os valores obtidos quando se utilizou o sistema VG em condições robustas do ICP OES. As determinações mostraram ausência de efeito da matriz e desvio padrão relativo (RSD) inferior a 10%. A exatidão do método foi avaliada usando materiais de referência certificados NIST 1515, folhas de maçã e NIST 1570ª, folhas de espinafre e aplicando o teste t pareado ao nível de 95% não foram verificadas diferenças significativas nas concentrações obtidas. Todas as amostras apresentaram elevadas concentrações de Ca e K. Maiores teores de Cr foram obtidos para amostras de Pojuca. Utilizou-se PCA para classificar a própolis produzida na Bahia e os resultados mostraram que há tendência a formação de uma classe formada por amostras de própolis do litoral e outra classe formada por própolis do interior do estado. / Propolis is a bee product, originating from plants used in folk medicine and food industry. The mineral composition of propolis is complex and dependent on the type of bee and type of vegetation in the region where it is produced. In this work, analytical strategies were proposed to quantify the elements Al, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, and Zn present in 51 samples of fresh propolis. All samples were produced in apiaries installed in the State of Bahia. Two procedures for pre-treatment of sample were Investigated to determination of analytes by optical emission spectrometry of inductively coupled plasma (ICP OES) and atomic absorption spectrometry high-resolution continuous source (HR-CS FAAS). The decomposition procedures of samples using conductive heating or microwave assisted heating, proved to be efficient with recoveries in the range of 94- 105%. The procedure using cavity microwave oven with closed vessels has the advantages of shorter time of analysis, more accurate results and lower limits of detection. We tested two systems for introduction of samples: Seaspray concentric nebulizer-cyclonic chamber and V- groove nebulizer-spray chamber Sturman Masters. Applying the paired t test at 95% confidence level there was no significant difference in concentrations obtained by both systems, but the sensitivity for all elements investigated were 50% better in SP system compared with the VG system using ICP OES under robust conditions. Matrix effects did not occur and RSDs generally lower than 10% were obtained. The accuracy of the method was evaluated using certified reference materials NIST 1515 apple leaves and NIST 1570a, spinach leaves and applying the paired t test at 95% confidence level there was not observed significant difference in concentrations obtained both CRMs. All the samples showed high concentration of Ca and K. Higher content of Cr was obtained for samples collected at Pojuca. Using PCA to classify the propolis produced in Bahia the results showed that there is a tendency to form a class consisting of propolis samples from the coast, and another class formed of propolis originated inland.

Att hitta och rekrytera rätt medarbetare är en utmanande uppgift för dagens rekryterare,därför behöver de säkerställa användningen av bra och tillförlitliga metoder.Arbetspsykologisk testning blir allt vanligare i rekryteringssammanhang. Denna studie syftar till att få en fördjupad förståelse för arbetspsykologisk testning ur rekryterares perspektiv. Studien berör användningen av tester, dess styrkor, svagheter och framtid,samt de etiska aspekter som testning berör. Detta togs fram genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med sex yrkesverksamma rekryterare, alla med erfarenheter av arbetspsykologisk testning.Resultatet visade att arbetspsykologiska tester antingen används som ett urvalsverktyg eller som ett komplement till intervjun. Vidare ställde sig rekryterarna positiva till rekryteringsprocessens fortsatta utveckling. De lyfte arbetspsykologiska tester som en naturlig del i rekryteringsprocessen och betonade framförallt dess fördelar i form av objektivitet och träffsäkerhet. Däremot framgick utmaningen i att helt utesluta magkänslan i beslutsfattandet, samt risken att bra kandidater faller bort om för mycket tilltro läggs till testresultatet

Persistent infection of the cervix with high risk (HR) types of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) (HR-HPV) can result in precancerous lesions and cancers. However, most HPV infections can be cleared naturally by the immune response without causing disease. Although genetic variations have long been considered as the main explanation for individual heterogeneity in cancer susceptibility, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this project, a panel of routinely taken clinical samples was assessed for 32 rationally selected SNPs with allele frequency related to disease outcome using the Taqman® OpenArray® system. The panel incorporated 475 HR-HPV negative, cytologically-normal cervical samples, 413 HR-HPV positive cervical high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) cases and 62 HR-HPV positive cervical cancers. Two SNPs, rs2234671 and rs2623047, were found with significant differences between HR-HPV negative, cytologically-normal samples and HR-HPV positive cervical HSIL cases. In the validation step, these two SNPs were further genotyped in the same set of samples using TaqMan® SNP genotyping assay and/or LightSNiP assay and in additional samples including 83 HR-HPV positive, cytologically-normal cervical samples, 21 HR-HPV positive cervical cancer cases, 129 HR-HPV positive vulval intraepithelial neoplasia cases and 23 HR-HPV positive vulval cancer cases. Statistical analysis was then performed based on pooled and re-grouped genotyping data of the above-mentioned samples under different genetic models so as to evaluate the associations with different stages in the disease process. After validation, SULF1 rs2623047 revealed a strong significant association with the susceptibility to HR-HPV infection but not with the development of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and the progression to cervical cancer. CXCR1 rs2234671, by contrast, was associated with the progression of HR-HPV-related cancers and the minor allele CXCR1 827C was significantly enriched in HPV16 positive cancers. CXCR1 is a receptor for the chemokine CXCL8/IL-8 and CXCR1 rs2234671 leads to a serine to threonine change in an extracellular loop of the receptor. Functionally, the CXCR1 827C allele was shown to enhance cell motility in response to IL-8 stimulation in a chemotaxis assay with transiently transfected fibroblasts (HEK293 cells) and also in a wound healing assay with stably transduced cervical cancer (CaSki) cells. In addition, significantly increased cell proliferation upon IL-8 treatment was observed in two cervical cancer derived cell lines, CaSki and SiHa, transduced with CXCR1-827C allele, but not in their CXCR1 827G transduced counterparts. These findings suggest that SULF1 rs2623047 and CXCR1 rs2234671 may be genetic risk factors for HR-HPV-related cervical disease and CXCR1 rs2234671 might affect HR-HPV-related cancer susceptibility by functionally altering IL-8-CXCR1 signalling. This information has potential for use in the risk stratification of HR-HPV infected women and may also suggest new therapeutic targets to be exploited for treatment of cervical cancer patients.

Syftet med den här studien har varit att kartlägga hur tiden efter examen för personalvetaralumner från Umeå universitet har sett ut. För att besvara vårt syfte ställde vi oss frågor kring utbildningens genererade kunskaper och färdigheter, alumnernas upplevelse av deras anställningsbarhet och hur arbetssituationen ser ut idag. Inspirerade av Thomas Brunkerts ”Personalvetarlumnen mitt i matchningsmatchen” utfördes en i princip likadant utformad enkätundersökning för att göra jämförelser över tid, men med en differentiering genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. På så vis kunde vi utöver kartläggningen av den breda massans åsikter också beskriva enskilda upplevelser. Enkäten skickades ut till cirka 160 alumner vilket renderade i 69 respondenter, varpå vi slumpade ut fem av dessa för intervju. Resultatet visade på att alumnerna har ett väldigt brett register av titlar och kompetenser. De beskriver sin anställningsbarhet som god och arbetsmarknadssituationen ses som gynnsam. Viktigast med utbildningen i retrospektiv var de praktiska inslagen i form av arbetslivsförankrade delar såväl som praktikperioden.I jämförelse med Brunkerts studie från 2010 kan vi konstatera att den här studiens alumner i regel har högre löner, könsfördelningen har ytterligare differentierats och arbetslivserfarenheten innan studier är längre. I övrigt har våra respektive respondenter relativt lika befattningar och arbetsuppgifter.

The optically and IR-bright and starlight-scattering HR 4796A ringlike debris disk is one of the most-(and best-) studied exoplanetary debris systems. The presence of a yet-undetected planet has been inferred (or suggested) from the narrow width and inner/outer truncation radii of its r = 1.'' 05 (77 au) debris ring. We present new, highly sensitive Hubble Space Telescope (HST) visible-light images of the HR 4796A circumstellar debris system and its environment over a very wide range of stellocentric angles from 0.'' 32 (23 au) to approximate to 15 '' (1100 au). These very high-contrast images were obtained with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) using six-roll PSF template-subtracted coronagraphy suppressing the primary light of HR 4796A, with three image-plane occulters, and simultaneously subtracting the background light from its close angular proximity M2.5V companion. The resulting images unambiguously reveal the debris ring embedded within a much larger, morphologically complex, and biaxially asymmetric exo-ring scattering structure. These images at visible wavelengths are sensitive to and map the spatial distribution, brightness, and radial surface density of micron-size particles over 5 dex in surface brightness. These particles in the exo-ring environment may be unbound from the system and interacting with the local ISM. Herein, we present a new morphological and photometric view of the larger-than-prior-seen HR 4796A exoplanetary debris system with sensitivity to small particles at stellocentric distances an order of magnitude greater than has previously been observed.

Konkurrensen mellan företagen i dagens samhälle har medfört att organisationsförändringar ständigt genomförs. De flesta förändringar genomförs av effektiviseringsorsaker men endast ett fåtal av alla förändringar uppnår önskat resultat. Kommunikation har visat sig ha stor inverkan på utfallet av förändringsprocesser, syftet med studien var därför att studera kommunikationens påverkan på medarbetares upplevelse av förändring. Studien har inslag av en fenomenologisk ansats. Empirisk data har samlats in genom kvalitativa intervjuer med sju respondenter.  Insamlad empiri har därefter kategoriserats i övergripande teman som slutligen mynnat ut i underteman. I resultatet framkom att det ofta råder bristande kommunikation vid förändring och att medarbetares upplevelse i stor utsträckning påverkas av kvalitén på kommunikationen.  I slutsatsen fastställdes, att kommunikationen är grunden för medarbetares upplevelse av förändring.