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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
281

International Teaching Assistants' (ITA') Experiences with Language Learning, Learner Autonomy, and Technology as Students in a Requisite Oral Communication Course

Wallace, Lara R. January 2014 (has links)
No description available.
282

The intelligibility of Chinese-accented English to international and American students at a U.S. university

Hardman, Jocelyn Brooks 15 September 2010 (has links)
No description available.
283

Geschlechterdispositiv

Jäckle, Monika 26 April 2017 (has links) (PDF)
Der Begriff Geschlechterdispositiv verweist auf den Dispositiv-Begriff bei Michel Foucault und umfasst das machtvolle Zusammenspiel von hegemonialen Geschlechternormen in Gestalt von gesellschaftlich-kulturellen Leitbildern (Diskursen), von institutionellen Regelungen wie Geschlechtsrollenverteilungen (Institutionen), von vergeschlechtlichten Praktiken im Sinne des doing gender (Praxis) und von geschlechtlichen Identitätsangeboten (Subjektivität). Die Konstruktion von Geschlecht ist mit Machtbeziehungen und Wahrheitspolitiken verbunden. Das Geschlechterdispositiv stellt damit auch eine Analyseeinheit dar, die sich für eine empirische Forschung im Sinne einer relationalen Machtanalytik öffnet.
284

The explanatory gap problem

Kostic, Daniel 09 January 2012 (has links)
Diese Arbeit bewertet verschiedene Argumente, die nicht nur leugnen, dass Gehirnzustände und bewusste Zustände ein und dasselbe sind, sondern auch behaupten, dass eine solche Identität unverständlich bleibt. Ich argumentiere, dass keiner der Ansätze einen Physikalismus unterminieren, da sie für ihre stillschweigenden Annahmen über die Verbindung zwischen Arten der Präsentation und ihrer Erklärung keine direkte oder unabhängige Begründung liefern. Meiner Ansicht nach sollte die Intelligibilität psychologischer Identität nicht ausschließlich auf einer Meinungsanalyse basieren. Der Haupteinwand sollt dann sein, warum man annehmen sollte, dass eine vollständig intelligible Erklärung auf Beschreibungen der kausalen Rollen als Modi von Präsentationen beruhen sollte. Ich schlage dazu vor, den Blick auf “psychologische Konzepte” zu werfen. Psychologische Konzepte sind Konzepte, die eine Beschreibung von funktionalen Rollen benutzen aber von Erfahrungsqualitäten handeln. Ich schlage vor, diese in Qualitätsraum-Modellen zu analysieren um aufzuklären, warum von phänomenalen Konzepten erwartet wird, dass diese sich durch Beschreibungen der kausalen bzw. funktionalen Rollen auf etwas beziehen sollten. Der Qualitätsraum soll hier verstanden werden als multidimensionaler Raum, der aus mehreren Achsen relativer Ähnlichkeit und Unterschieden in den Anordnungsstrukturen verschiedener Modalitäten bewusster Erfahrung besteht. In meinem Vorschlag ist es möglich, dass einige Achsen des Qualitätsraumes selbst aus ihrem eigenen Qualitätsraum bestehen, so dass wir in die Beschreibungen der funktionalen Rollen “hinein zoomen” und “heraus zoomen” können und damit klarer sehen, wie die Erklärung eines bestimmten Bewusstseinsaspekts gestaltet ist, wenn man ihn in Begriffen psychologischer Konzepte betrachtet. / This thesis evaluates several powerful arguments that not only deny that brain states and conscious states are one and the same thing, but also claim that such an identity is unintelligible. I argue that these accounts do not undermine physicalism because they don’t provide any direct or independent justification for their tacit assumptions about a link between modes of presentation and explanation. In my view intelligibility of psychophysical identity should not be based exclusively on the analysis of meaning. The main concern then should be why expect that fully intelligible explanation must be based on the descriptions of the causal roles as modes of presentation. To this effect I propose that we examine "psychological concepts". The psychological concepts are concepts that use descriptions of the functional roles but are about qualities of our experiences. I propose to analyze them in quality space models in order to unveil why phenomenal concepts are expected to refer via descriptions of the causal or functional roles. The quality space should be understood here as a multidimensional space consisting of several axes of relative similarity and differences among the structures of ordering in different modalities of conscious experience. On my proposal it is possible that some axes in the quality space consist of their own quality spaces so we could “zoom in” and “zoom out” into the descriptions of the functional roles and see more clearly what the explanation of certain aspects of consciousness looks like when thought of in terms of psychological concepts.
285

La question de la traduction dans la langue turque à travers les textes philosophiques / The question of translation into the Turkish language through philosophical texts

Fakioğlu Yakici, Burçak 20 June 2017 (has links)
Cette thèse porte sur l’analyse de l’activité de traduction philosophique dans le processus de modernisation de Turquie et l’évolution de la conception de la traduction au cours du temps. Dans un premier temps, notre thèse se concentre sur l’histoire de la traduction philosophique. Nous présentons les traductions des textes philosophiques dans la période des Tanzimat et la période après la fondation de la République. Dans un second temps, notre thèse se propose de mener une étude comparative entre les différentes traductions des textes philosophiques. Les questions qui se posent peuvent être énoncées comme suit. Quels types de politique ont-ils pu adopter aussi bien sur un plan théorique que sur le plan du choix des textes à traduire ? Les politiques adoptées ont-elles présentées des modifications notables et significatives tout au long de la période considérée, selon l'évolution de la demande émanant des lecteurs ou selon les exigences des pouvoirs politiques qui se sont succédé ? / This thesis deals with the analysis of the philosophical translation activity in the process of modernization of Turkey and the evolution of the conception of translation over time. First, my thesis focuses on the history of philosophical translation. I present translation activities in general and translations of philosophical texts in the Tanzimat period and the period after the founding of the Republic. In the second section, my thesis proposes to carry out a comparative study between the different translations of philosophical texts. The questions that arise can be stated as follows. What types of policies have they adopted both on the theoretical level and on the choice of the texts to be translated? Have the policies that were adopted resulted in significant changes throughout the period under review, depending on the evolution of the demand from the readers or the requirements of the political authorities that have followed one another?
286

Den ensamma sjöjungfrun : Om Carina Rydbergs jagberättande ur ett genreperspektiv / The Lonely Mermaid : On Identity Narration and Genre in the Autobiographical Works of Carina Rydberg

Andersson, Tamara January 2015 (has links)
The focus of this study is the two autobiographical novels Den högsta kasten (1997) and Djävulsformeln (2000) by Swedish author Carina Rydberg. Both novels generated lively public debate regarding how they ought to be read and understood, what genre they belonged to, and the ontological status of the narrating “I”. The aim is to investigate why the protagonist, Carina, is perceived as unintelligible by many readers and explore how she can be understood in relation to what constitutes an intelligible identity from a literary and cultural perspective. The novels, as well as their protagonist, are approached from the perspective of genre theory, the argument being that Carina’s unintelligibility is directly dependent on what genre she is read in relation to. In the first part of the thesis the ambiguities of autobiographical texts are discussed, and the narrative and protagonist are analyzed in relation to the autobiographical genre. In the second part of the thesis the consequences of reading the texts as examples of the Gothic with emphasis on monstrosity, the uncanny and sexual transgression are examined. The two readings demonstrate how interpretations of text and character are highly influenced by the reader's expectations connected to genre. Rydberg’s transgression of the norms of genre, gender, and identity leaves the reader with a contradictory set of genre-specific expectations, which in turn makes it difficult to understand and accept the protagonist. The main theme of both novels is Carina’s unsuccessful attempts to reconcile what she sees as two separate, essentially incompatible identities: woman and author. The final chapter includes a comparative study in which Rydberg’s novels are linked to works by other Swedish female writers, both past and contemporary, to demonstrate that the conflict of woman versus author is a common problem for female writers. The thesis closes with a discussion about the possibility of placing Rydberg in a specifically female literary tradition and demonstrate how a feminist analysis can make the unintelligible intelligible.
287

Spécificités de l'implant électro-acoustique : indications, interface bioélectrique et stratégie de codage / Specificities of electric-acoustic stimulation : indications, bioelectrical interface and coding strategy

Seldran, Fabien 19 December 2011 (has links)
Le clinicien se trouve parfois confronté à des sujets qui présentent une surdité supérieure à 90 dB HL au-delà de 1 kHz avec une audition résiduelle dans les fréquences graves. Pour réhabiliter les hautes fréquences, il existe aujourd’hui différentes technologies : amplification conventionnelle, compression fréquentielle, implant cochléaire et depuis une dizaine d’année la stimulation électro-acoustique EAS qui consiste à stimuler acoustiquement les sons graves et électriquement les sons aigus via un implant cochléaire. La première partie de cette thèse a consisté à identifier les facteurs qui influencent les capacités des patients sourds partiels à traiter l’information basse fréquence de la parole. Nous avons utilisé un test d’audiométrie vocale filtrée passe-bas. Nos résultats indiquent que les scores d’intelligibilité de la parole sont positivement corrélés avec la durée de la surdité. Ceci signifie qu’avec le temps, ces sujets malentendants apprennent à comprendre avec cette audition type filtre passe-bas, à tel point que certains ont des performances supra-normales pour l’utilisation des basses fréquences. Nos résultats montrent également une corrélation négative entre l’âge d’apparition de la surdité et les scores l’intelligibilité. Ce test pourra aider le clinicien à mieux cibler l’appareillage le plus adapté à chaque profil de patient. La seconde partie de cette thèse, consacrée à l’EAS, a consisté à évaluer par des simulations chez le normo-entendant, diverses stratégies de codage du son par l’implant EAS. Actuellement, la stratégie utilisée pour l’EAS est calquée sur celle de l’implant cochléaire et nos résultats suggèrent que cette stratégie peut être optimisée. / Clinicians may face patients who have a deafness superior to 90 dB HL above 1 kHz with good lowfrequency residual hearing. Today, several technologies are available to provide high frequencies: conventional amplification, frequency compression, cochlear implant since about 10 years Electric-Acoustic Stimulation EAS which consists in stimulating acoustically low frequencies while stimulating electrically high frequency sounds via a cochlear implant. The firt part of this dissertation consisted in identifying the factors which may influence abilities of partially deaf subjects to process low-frequency speech information. We used a low-pass filtered speech test. Our results show that speech intelligibility scores are positively correlated to the duration of deafness. This means that these hearing-impaired subjects learn to understand with this lowpass-like hearing, in such a way that some of them exhibit supranormal abilities for the processing of low-frequency sounds. Our results also show a negative correlation between the age at onset of deafness and speech intelligibility scores. This test may help the clinician to better evaluate which device would be best for every patient’s profile. The second part of this dissertation, about EAS, consisted in evaluating through simulations in normal hearing listeners, several coding strategies by the EAS implant. Now the strategy used for EAS duplicates the strategy used by cochlear implants and our results suggest that this strategy could be optimized.
288

Говорни капацитет особа са израштајима на гласницама / Govorni kapacitet osoba sa izraštajima na glasnicama / Capacity speech of people with tumors of the vocal folds

Veselinović Mila 29 June 2017 (has links)
<p>Говор представља врло сложену људску делатност. За његову успешну реализацију потребно је ускладити правилну артикулацију, исправан акустички сигнал, несметану перцепцију и одговарајућу когнитивну спознају. Као најзначајнији модалитет реализације језика у процесу комуникације у великој мери зависи од квалитетагласа који је његов неодвојиви део. Патолошке карактеристике гласа и говора особа са бенигним и малигним израштајима на гласницама перципирају се као различите варијације висине, интензитета и квалитета говорног гласа. Циљеви истраживања: Утврдити говорни капацитет особа са малигним, бенигним и псеудотуморима, на гласницама пре и после оперативног лечења, разлику између њиховог говорног капацитета и утврдити како оперативно лечење утиче на разумљивост и временске одреднице говора. Истраживање је спроведено током 2016. и 2017. годинена Клиници за болести ува, грла и носа Клиничког центра Војводине. Узорак је чинило 67 испитаника подељених у 2 групе према врсти израштаја на оне који су имали бенигне и псеудотуморе и испитанике са малигним туморима на гласницама старости од 23 до 74 године (AS 55,43 године; SD 11,95 година). Методе примењене у истраживању: Општи упитник, Тестови за искључивање из узорка (Мини-Ментал тест - Mini mental State Examination, Упитник о анксиозности-GAD-7 Anxiety, Тријажни артикулациони тест), Индекс говорног хендикепа -Speech Handicap Index,Акустичка анализа гласа, Максимално фонацијско време вокала /а/, Анализа временске организације говора, Разумљивост говора, Анализа мелодије реченице. Према нашим резултатима, пре операције у обе групе испитаника говорни капацитет је био готово уједначен са малом разликом јер су ипак нешто бољи говорни капацитет имале особе са малигним израштајима на гласницама али без статистичке значајности у поређеним групама. После оперативног лечења бенигних и псеудотумора на гласницама дошло је до статистички значајног побољшања говорног капацитета (p=0,005). После операције постојалаје статистички значајна разлика између говорног капацитета испитиваних група, при чему су бољи говорни капацитет имали испитаници групе I &ndash; са бенигним и псеудотуморима (t=-3,807, p&lt;0,001). Разумљивост говора је код испитаника са малигним туморима гласнице била статистички значајно повезана са вредностима говорног капацитета пре операције (p=0,008). У погледу временске организације говора, код испитаника са малигним туморима на гласницама после операције дошло је до статистички значајног погоршања (p=0,025). У истраживању није добијен изоловани ефекат времена или врсте израштаја на говорни капацитет, али постоји њихов удружени ефекат (f = 10,079, p = 0,002). Препорука је да се сви пацијенти после оперативног лечења израштаја на гласницама укључе у поступак рехабилитације гласа и говора.</p> / <p>Govor predstavlja vrlo složenu ljudsku delatnost. Za njegovu uspešnu realizaciju potrebno je uskladiti pravilnu artikulaciju, ispravan akustički signal, nesmetanu percepciju i odgovarajuću kognitivnu spoznaju. Kao najznačajniji modalitet realizacije jezika u procesu komunikacije u velikoj meri zavisi od kvalitetaglasa koji je njegov neodvojivi deo. Patološke karakteristike glasa i govora osoba sa benignim i malignim izraštajima na glasnicama percipiraju se kao različite varijacije visine, intenziteta i kvaliteta govornog glasa. Ciljevi istraživanja: Utvrditi govorni kapacitet osoba sa malignim, benignim i pseudotumorima, na glasnicama pre i posle operativnog lečenja, razliku između njihovog govornog kapaciteta i utvrditi kako operativno lečenje utiče na razumljivost i vremenske odrednice govora. Istraživanje je sprovedeno tokom 2016. i 2017. godinena Klinici za bolesti uva, grla i nosa Kliničkog centra Vojvodine. Uzorak je činilo 67 ispitanika podeljenih u 2 grupe prema vrsti izraštaja na one koji su imali benigne i pseudotumore i ispitanike sa malignim tumorima na glasnicama starosti od 23 do 74 godine (AS 55,43 godine; SD 11,95 godina). Metode primenjene u istraživanju: Opšti upitnik, Testovi za isključivanje iz uzorka (Mini-Mental test - Mini mental State Examination, Upitnik o anksioznosti-GAD-7 Anxiety, Trijažni artikulacioni test), Indeks govornog hendikepa -Speech Handicap Index,Akustička analiza glasa, Maksimalno fonacijsko vreme vokala /a/, Analiza vremenske organizacije govora, Razumljivost govora, Analiza melodije rečenice. Prema našim rezultatima, pre operacije u obe grupe ispitanika govorni kapacitet je bio gotovo ujednačen sa malom razlikom jer su ipak nešto bolji govorni kapacitet imale osobe sa malignim izraštajima na glasnicama ali bez statističke značajnosti u poređenim grupama. Posle operativnog lečenja benignih i pseudotumora na glasnicama došlo je do statistički značajnog poboljšanja govornog kapaciteta (p=0,005). Posle operacije postojalaje statistički značajna razlika između govornog kapaciteta ispitivanih grupa, pri čemu su bolji govorni kapacitet imali ispitanici grupe I &ndash; sa benignim i pseudotumorima (t=-3,807, p&lt;0,001). Razumljivost govora je kod ispitanika sa malignim tumorima glasnice bila statistički značajno povezana sa vrednostima govornog kapaciteta pre operacije (p=0,008). U pogledu vremenske organizacije govora, kod ispitanika sa malignim tumorima na glasnicama posle operacije došlo je do statistički značajnog pogoršanja (p=0,025). U istraživanju nije dobijen izolovani efekat vremena ili vrste izraštaja na govorni kapacitet, ali postoji njihov udruženi efekat (f = 10,079, p = 0,002). Preporuka je da se svi pacijenti posle operativnog lečenja izraštaja na glasnicama uključe u postupak rehabilitacije glasa i govora.</p> / <p>Speech represents a very complicated human ability. For its successful realization, it&rsquo;s necessary to coordinate proper articulation, correct acoustical signal, unobstructed perception and adequate cognitive recognition. The most significant modality of language realization in the process of communication greatly depends on vocal quality, which is its inseparable element. Pathological vocal and speech characteristics in people with benign and malign growths on the vocal cords are perceived as different variations of pitch, intensity and quality of the speaking voice. Aims of the research: Determining the vocal capacity of people with malign, benign tumors and pseudo-tumors on the vocal cords, before and after surgical treatment, determining the difference between their vocal capacity and how surgical treatment affects comprehensibility and time determinants of speech. The research was conducted during 2016 and 2017 on the Otorhinolaryngology clinic of Vojvodina Clinical Centre. The sample consisted of 67 participants divided into 2 groups based on the type of growth present, into participants with benign and pseudo tumors and participants with malign tumors of the vocal chords, aged 23 &ndash; 74 (M=55,43; SD=11,95). Methods used in the research: General Questionnaire, Tests for exclusion from the sample (Mini mental State Examination), Anxiety Questionnaire &ndash; GAD-7 Anxiety, Triage Articulatory Test, Speech Handicap Index, Acoustic Vocal Analysis, Maximum phonation time vowel /a/, Time organization of speech analysis, Speech comprehensibility, Sentence melody analysis. According to the results of the research, before surgical treatment, the vocal capacity of both participant groups was nearly equable with a small difference of a somewhat higher vocal capacity in participants with malign growths on the vocal cords, but with no statistical significance between the compared groups. After surgical treatment of benign and pseudo tumors on the vocal cords, a statistically significant improvement of vocal capacity was observed (p=0,005). Post surgically, a statistically significant difference between the vocal capacity of tested groups was observed, with a higher vocal capacity present in the first group of participants with benign and pseudo tumors (t=-3,807, p&lt;0,001). Speech comprehensibility in participants with malign tumors of the vocal cords was significantly correlated with the values of speech capacity prior to the surgical treatment (p=0,008). In regards to time organization of speech, there was a statistically significant deterioration in patients with malign vocal cord tumors (p=0,025). The research showed no isolated effect of time or type of growth on speech capacity, but a combined effect was observed (f=10,079, p=0,002). The recommendation is that all patients are included in the procedure of speech and vocal rehabilitation after surgical treatment.</p>
289

Geschlechterdispositiv

Jäckle, Monika 26 April 2017 (has links)
Der Begriff Geschlechterdispositiv verweist auf den Dispositiv-Begriff bei Michel Foucault und umfasst das machtvolle Zusammenspiel von hegemonialen Geschlechternormen in Gestalt von gesellschaftlich-kulturellen Leitbildern (Diskursen), von institutionellen Regelungen wie Geschlechtsrollenverteilungen (Institutionen), von vergeschlechtlichten Praktiken im Sinne des doing gender (Praxis) und von geschlechtlichen Identitätsangeboten (Subjektivität). Die Konstruktion von Geschlecht ist mit Machtbeziehungen und Wahrheitspolitiken verbunden. Das Geschlechterdispositiv stellt damit auch eine Analyseeinheit dar, die sich für eine empirische Forschung im Sinne einer relationalen Machtanalytik öffnet.
290

Neurophysiological Mechanisms of Speech Intelligibility under Masking and Distortion

Vibha Viswanathan (11189856) 29 July 2021 (has links)
<pre><p>Difficulty understanding speech in background noise is the most common hearing complaint. Elucidating the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying speech intelligibility in everyday environments with multiple sound sources and distortions is hence important for any technology that aims to improve real-world listening. Using a combination of behavioral, electroencephalography (EEG), and computational modeling experiments, this dissertation provides insight into how the brain analyzes such complex scenes, and what roles different acoustic cues play in facilitating this process and in conveying phonetic content. Experiment #1 showed that brain oscillations selectively track the temporal envelopes (i.e., modulations) of attended speech in a mixture of competing talkers, and that the strength and pattern of this attention effect differs between individuals. Experiment #2 showed that the fidelity of neural tracking of attended-speech envelopes is strongly shaped by the modulations in interfering sounds as well as the temporal fine structure (TFS) conveyed by the cochlea, and predicts speech intelligibility in diverse listening environments. Results from Experiments #1 and #2 support the theory that temporal coherence of sound elements across envelopes and/or TFS shapes scene analysis and speech intelligibility. Experiment #3 tested this theory further by measuring and computationally modeling consonant categorization behavior in a range of background noises and distortions. We found that a physiologically plausible model that incorporated temporal-coherence effects predicted consonant confusions better than conventional speech-intelligibility models, providing independent evidence that temporal coherence influences scene analysis. Finally, results from Experiment #3 also showed that TFS is used to extract speech content (voicing) for consonant categorization even when intact envelope cues are available. Together, the novel insights provided by our results can guide future models of speech intelligibility and scene analysis, clinical diagnostics, improved assistive listening devices, and other audio technologies.</p></pre>

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