Global ETD Search

1	Cannabisfrågan : En jämförande diskursanalys av Liberalerna och deras ungdomsförbund / On Cannabis : A Comparative Analasys of the Liberals and Their Youth Association Elmandiwy, Salam January 2024 (has links) This essay aims to compare the Swedish party The Liberals and its youth association (The Liberal Youth Association) in their opinions regarding the legalization and/or decriminalization of cannabis in Sweden. In this study, Carol Bacchis’ ‘WPR’ method is used in order to first break down the beliefs of each party in order to then compare them to each other. The WPR method is essential to a study such as this as it analyzes a problem of discourse starting from the roots of the policy. After breaking down each party's stance on the issue a comparison then further ensures a deeper understanding of the disparity. This essay concludes that the main difference between the Liberals and the Liberals youth association is the fundamental belief in their own drug policies. The Liberals claim that more studies are required as there is not enough evidence to decisively conclude whether legalization/decriminalization is better than zero tolerance. The youth association, however, claims that it is impossible to stop the black market and that the Swedish state should be the ones with a monopoly on the sales, not the gangs. They also believe that there is a billion Swedish kronor market that would benefit the Swedish people. Cannabis Liberalerna LUF WPR Sverige Nederländerna Legalisering Avkriminalisering Drogpolicy
2	Red banderoles and swedish flags - a study in the relationship between politics and visual identity within ten political youth associations / Från röda banderoller till svenska flaggor - en studie i samband mellan politik och grafiska profiler hos tio politiska ungdomsförbund Eskilson, Siri, Pedersen, Kajsa January 2014 (has links) 2014 är det supervalår i Sverige. Det innebär intensiv marknadsföring för de olika politiska intressena i många olika kanaler. För många, men kanske speciellt för unga människor, kan detta bli en förvirrande period av budskap och åsikter som på olika sätt ska värderas och tas ställning till. De politiska ungdomsförbunden riktar sig till personer mellan sex och 25 år, och hör för det mesta till ett så kallat moderparti, men har egna politiska agendor, grafiska profiler och marknadsföring. Den mesta av marknadsföringen sker genom någon slags grafiskt material, och för att de politiska budskapen verkligen ska nå fram till alla unga på bästa sätt, borde det grafiska materialet också rent visuellt tala för innehållet. Den här studien syftar till att undersöka om det finns samband mellan politik och grafiska profiler hos de politiska ungdomsförbunden. Då studier på sambandet mellan politik och grafiskt material visat sig vara ett relativt outforskat område som det är svårt att hitta exakt data om, är detta en kvalitativ tvärsnittsstudie. Tio politiska ungdomsförbund valdes ut för granskning med grund i moderpartiernas storlek i riksdagsvalet 2010. Vidare samlades data om dessa in genom kvalitativa dokument och audiovisuella kanaler, vilket exempelvis innefattar de politiska ungdomsförbundens grafiska manualer och webbsidor. Studien visar på samband mellan politiken och de grafiska profilernas. Dessa uppstod mellan förbunden som ingår i blockpolitiken, men även mellan förbund på skilda delar av skalan som hade andra aspekter än blockpolitik gemensamt. grafisk profil grafisk manual CVI politiska ungdomsförbund logotyp färg namn typografi slogan SSU MUF Grön Ungdom LUF CUF SDU KDU Ung Vänster Ung Pirat Unga Feminister Media and Communication Technology Medieteknik
3	De grundläggande rättsprinciperna vid direktupphandling : HFD 2018 ref. 60 och EU-rätten / The General Principles of Swedish Direct Awards : HFD 2018 ref. 60 and EU Law Lignell, Elias January 2022 (has links) This thesis examines the general principles in European Union (EU) public procurement law, as they apply to Swedish direct awards of low value, outside the scope of the EU procurement directives. A combination of Swedish and EU legal methodology is used to investigate two overarching themes. Firstly, the two different legal bases of the general principles, in the light of the Court of Justice of the EU’s definition of cross-border interest, as well as the Swedish implementation. Secondly, the central substantive consequences imposed by the principles on direct awards. The only national precedent on the subject, HFD 2018 ref. 60 of the Supreme Administrative Court, is both utilised and criticised against the backdrop of EU law to paint a picture of the principles’ inner workings in a direct award context. Pertaining to the first theme, an analysis of the applicability of EU primary law on direct awards is undertaken in order to distinguish the legal bases of the principles. If a contract is of certain cross-border interest, the general principles flow directly from EU law. In the absence of such an interest, the principles are exclusively based in Swedish law, which nationally extends the EU principles to all procurement (gold-plating). Overall, contracts valued below a quarter of the applicable EU directive threshold usually lack certain cross-border interest, unless there are concrete indications of the opposite. As a result, most direct awards fall outside the scope of EU law. An awareness of the legal bases of the principles is relevant to avoid breaches of EU primary law. It is argued that the Swedish gold-plated implementation of the general principles causes unnecessary uncertainty, and that separate national principles should be introduced outside the scope of EU primary law. As for the second theme, a thorough analysis concludes that the principles do not prohibit direct awards given without any exposure to competition, as long as the contracts are of low enough value. Direct awards can therefore be conducted through direct contact with a single supplier, in accordance with the legislative aims of the procedure. This may not be the case for social and other specific services of relatively high value. Nonetheless, the principles still affect direct awards, for instance in prohibiting flagrant cases of differential treatment without objective justification, based in arbitrary or corrupt decision-making. Unfortunately, these requirements are able to be circumvented due to the wide discretion given to procuring entities. On the other hand, if a direct award procedure is voluntarily advertised, the principles have greater practical significance. Still, the requirements in such cases are more lenient than in ordinary procurement procedures. public procurement government procurement direct award Sweden general principles legal principles EU law primary law CJEU ECJ certain cross-border interest threshold gold plating procedure competition low value contract offentlig upphandling upphandlingsrätt LOU LUF direktupphandling grundläggande rättsprinciper grundläggande principer allmänna principer upphandlingsrättsliga principer principer för direktupphandling upphandlingsprinciperna HFD 2018 ref. 60 EU-rätt primärrätt överskjutande implementering bestämt gränsöverskridande intresse kravet på insyn likabehandlingsprincipen icke-diskriminering proportionalitetsprincipen öppenhetsprincipen konkurrensprincipen olikbehandling likabehandling nationella principer frivillig annonsering direkttilldelning icke-direktivstyrd direktupphandlingsgräns tröskelvärde lågt värde anbudsinfordran konkurrensutsättning icke-konkurrensutsatt 19 a kap 19 a kap. 8 § rättsmedel överprövning obligatoriska krav sammanblandning EUF-fördraget FEUF EU-domstolen EU-rättslig metod rättsdogmatisk metod effet utile teleologisk tolkning affärsmässighet handlingsfrihet rättssäkerhet korruption Law Juridik Law (excluding Law and Society)

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