ix, 213 p. A print copy of this title is available from the UO Libraries, under the call number: KNIGHT PQ673 .C53 2007 / This dissertation is an analysis of the ways in which the remembered past of childhood is inscribed in four francophone novels written at the turn of the twenty-first century: Nina Bouraoui's L'âge blessé and Garçon manqué, Ying Chen's Le champ dans la mer, and Gisèle Pineau's L'espérance-macadam. These texts belong to a substantial corpus of contemporary narratives in which the remembering of childhood experiences plays a central role. Within that corpus we find a new approach to childhood emerging, one in which an unfamiliar past returns through the remembered voice of a wounded child. This voice overwhelms the text, fracturing the narrative through the irruption of images that it cannot contain. This dissertation is a study of the characteristics of this new "aesthetics of rupture." Memories of childhood in these texts are overshadowed by shattering past events that went unrecognized and unacknowledged. As a result of the wounds inflicted upon the child, the adult narrator remembers the past through physical symptoms of pain. Far from suturing the wounds of the past, remembering childhood becomes an incessant confrontational engagement with past traumas. The reader is then able to hear the scream of the wide-eyed child through a process of empathetic identification with the narrator's visceral memories. My introductory chapters provide a historical context to the development of representations of childhood in French and Francophone literature. Chapter III studies the ways in which childhood memories can actualize the past as a set of interruptive and destabilizing images. Theories of the non-representational revelation of the past serve as a starting point to my reading of Bouraoui's L'âge blessé. Chapter IV concentrates on the affective quality of memories so as to understand the narrator's ambivalent affective relationship to the past of childhood in Chen's Le champ dans la mer. Chapter V attempts to capture the ways in which the memory of a child's voice can be heard as a literary scream in Bouraoui's Garçon manqué. Chapter VI is a reading of Pineau's L'espérance-macadam in which I take into account the unseen gaze of the child to consider the role of hope in this text. / Adviser: Karen McPherson

Esta pesquisa tem como tema as memórias das interações acadêmicas (IAs), praticadas na UFRGS, e do Núcleo de Convênios que está implicado nessa relação. O objetivo geral foi de evocar as memórias, através da História Oral, dos atores envolvidos na relação universidade/sociedade na produção de uma memória social e na estruturação de uma ecologia de saberes na universidade, a partir de três casos relacionados à trilogia ensino-pesquisa-extensão da UFRGS no período de 2011 a 2015. A metodologia foi de natureza qualitativa. Dessa forma, foi realizado levantamento documental do período de abrangência da pesquisa com seus detalhamentos, assim como entrevistas de História Oral com as pessoas envolvidas com as IAs. Foram apuradas as categorias: memórias e trajetórias; Educação Superior e ecologia de saberes, com suas respectivas subcategorias, analisadas a partir dos conceitos e reflexões da relação dialógica, do Ensino Superior, dentre outros, e, sobretudo, das teorias de Boaventura de Sousa Santos, evidenciando a estruturação de uma ecologia de saberes na UFRGS. Nessa perspectiva, foram evidenciadas, nas falas e no cenário da investigação, respostas aos objetivos propostos e à indagação do estudo. O resultado da investigação permitiu inferir que no ambiente da universidade transita a compreensão e o partilhar das visões de mundo, assim como ocorre a extensão, com projetos e ações extramuros da universidade no diálogo progressivo entre o saber científico e os saberes leigos e populares. A partir da relação dialógica, constatou-se o amadurecimento nas relações da universidade/sociedade como um todo, evidenciando as transformações focadas nos interesses e nas necessidades emergentes da população. Esse paradigma se confirma na sustentação das interações acadêmicas, que promoveram a estruturação da ecologia de saberes, comprovando a missão e a responsabilidade social da universidade. Para alcançar as exigências do mestrado profissional, foram produzidos uma cartilha e um material didático como produtos finais. / This research theme is about the memories of Academic Interactions (IAs) practiced at UFRGS, and in the Agreements Core implied within its relation. The main objective was to evoke memories through oral history, among the involved actors in the University/Society relation in a social memoir production and in the structuring of a University Ecology of Knowledges from three related cases, related to the teachingresearch- postgraduation trilogy at UFRGS, between the years of 2011 and 2015. This was a qualitative methodology reasearch, therefore a documental survey was done from the research reporting period and its details, as well as oral history interviews among the involved subjects with the IAs. The categories evaluated were: memories and trajectories, higher education and ecology of knowledges with their own respective subcategories, analised from concepts and reflections on dialogic relations, in higher education, among others; and above all, on Boaventura de Sousa Santos theories, highlighting the struturizing of Ecology of Knowledges at UFRGS. In this perspective, speeches and settings emphasized the answers to the proposed goals and to the questioning in this study. The result of this investigation allowed to derive that, in the University enviroment, there is a wondering between the understanding and the sharing of world visions, as well as occurs in postgraduation, with all the University projects and actions over walls, in a progressive dialog between scientific and lay or popular knowledge. From this dialogic relation, it has been found a maturity in University/Society relationships as a whole, evincing tranformations focused on emerging population needs and interests. This paradigma is confirmed by the Academic Interactions sustainance, which promoted the structuration of Ecology of Knowledge, proving the University mission and its social responsability. As final products, in order to achieve the professional master degree, it was produced a booklet and didactic material.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:30:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 6278.pdf: 3722087 bytes, checksum: 5d4fe7ef1accdc79a886f6fa9eec0aff (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-18 / Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais / False memories are defined as remembering events that never happened or remember facts in a distorted way. In cognitive psychology this phenomenon has been studied through the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm, in witch lists of words semanticaly related are used. In behavior analysis, the paradigm of stimulus equivalence is a proposition to study semantic relations. This doctoral dissertation presents three studies with undergraduate students in witch DRM and the stimulus equivalence paradigms were used in association to investigate false memories. First and second studies aimed to replicate the phenomenon in a experimental situations, using both Paradigms. Difference concentrates in the controlled variables. In Study 1, nonsense words were used as stimuli. Procedure was divided into two phases. Phase 1: formation of three twelve members equivalence classes. Phase 2: verification of false memories using lists based on DRM paradigm. A list with 10 out of the 12 stimuli from each of the three classes was presented (study list). After completing a distracter task a lists composed by all stimuli from previously list (targets), the rest of the stimuli form the classes (critical distractors) and four more nonsense words (non-related distracters) were shown. Participants should indicate witch stimuli were presented on study list. Participant recognized significantly more critical distratctors, compared to non-related stimuli. However, results could be due to the novelty of non-related distractors. In the second study, this variable was controlled. In Study 2, bot phases were presented, but in Phase 1, participants were first taught three four-stimuli equivalence classes in witch one set of stimuli was familiar pictures. Later, three classes with twelve stimuli were taught. Stimuli from the first three classes were used as non-related distractors. Participant did not recognized significantly more critical distratctors, compared to non-related. It is argued that results could be due to a weak relations between stimuli from the equivalence classes. The third study aimed to increase the relations between stimuli and to investigate the effect of including emotional stimuli in equivalence classes, on false memories. Study 2 was replicated and in the twelve-member classes, a set of stimuli was pictures with happiness, angry or neutrality expressions. Only in neutral list critical ditractors were recognized significantly more than non-related distractors. Results indicates list with emotions are less likely to produce false memories. / Falsas memórias são definidas como lembranças de eventos que nunca aconteceram ou lembranças distorcidas de fatos do passado. Na psicologia cognitiva, este fenômeno tem sido estudado por meio do paradigma Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) que utiliza listas com palavras associadas semanticamente. Na análise do comportamento, existe a proposta do estudo de relações semânticas utilizando o paradigma da equivalência de estímulos. A presente tese apresenta três estudos que utilizaram o paradigma DRM e o de equivalência de estímulos no estudo de falsas memórias. O primeiro e o segundo estudos tiveram por objetivo replicar o fenômeno, em situação experimental, utilizando os dois paradigmas. A diferença esteve nas variáveis controladas em ambos os estudos. No Estudo 1 foram utilizadas apenas pseudopalavras como estímulos. O procedimento foi dividido em duas fases. Fase 1: treino para formação de três classes de equivalência compostas por 12 estímulos. Fase 2: teste de falsas memórias. Uma lista era apresentada com alguns dos estímulos das classes formadas na fase anterior (lista de estudo). Após um tarefa distratora, era apresentada uma lista composta por todos os estímulos da lista de estudo (alvos), o restante dos estímulos das classes, que não constavam na lista de estudo (distratores críticos) e mais quatro novos estímulos (distratores não relacionados). Os resultados mostraram reconhecimento significativamente maior dos distratores críticos do que dos não relacionados. Uma variável importante observada foi que os resultados poderiam ser fruto da novidade dos distratores críticos. No segundo estudo essa variável foi controlada. No Estudo 2, as duas fases também estiveram presentes, porém na Fase 1 foram ensinadas, primeiramente, três classes de equivalência com quatro estímulos, em que um dos conjuntos de estímulos era composto por figuras familiares. Em seguida, três classes com 12 estímulos foram ensinadas. Qs estímulos das primeiras classes foram utilizados como distratores não relacionados. Os resultados apontaram que não houve diferenças significativas no reconhecimento dos dois tipos de distratores. Argumenta-se que esse resultado possa ser fruto de um baixo grau de relacionamento entre os estímulos das classes de equivalência. O terceiro estudo pretendeu aumentar a força das relações de equivalência e verificar a influência da utilização de estímulos com conteúdos emocionais nas classes de equivalência na ocorrência de falsas memórias. O estudo 2 foi replicado e, para as classes com 12 estímulos, os estímulos de um dos conjuntos de cada classe eram ou expressões faciais de alegria, ou de raiva, ou de neutralidade. Apenas na lista neutra, os distratores críticos foram mais reconhecidos que os não relacionados. Os resultados indicam que listas com conteúdo emocional são menos sujeitas a falsas memórias.

Este estudo analisa situações de reconhecimento dos territórios de quilombos no concurso da efetivação do artigo 68 da Constituição Federal. Através da etnografia realizada num contexto local – Morro Alto/RS- procuro abordar a dimensão de releitura da experiência histórica da escravatura que lança os grupos sociais negros num novo patamar de reivindiçação de direitos que até então não tinham previsão no direito estatal. Pesquiso a dinâmica sócio-juridica em torno da implementação desse artigo para observar se a mesma tem permitido ativar, no campo normativo e discursivo, eixos de interlocução com as noções e perspectivas de direito e justiça que carregam os grupos sociais, de tal modo que os mesmos ingressem no debate nacional. Me dedico também a refletir sobre uma visibilidade sobre a história da presença negra no Brasil que decorre dos vários registros que tem sido realizados através da participação de uma série de atores sociais, entre os quais os antropólogos, que elaboram laudos e estudos, um conjunto de entidades e órgãos governamentais. Deste modo, enfoco os termos, posições e novas configurações de saber-poder, que implicam uma realidade de realização de direitos advinda do novo jogo de lentes dirigido sobre o “passado histórico”, indagando sobre a atualização, importância e a disputa de sentido com que os diferentes setores da sociedade refletem e relacionam justiça, direito e narrativa histórica na esteira das memórias quilombolas. / This study analyzes situations involving the recognition of quilombolos (technically, descendents of runaway slaves) under article 68 of the Brazilian Federal Constitution. Starting from an ethnographic study, carried out in a local context – Morro Alto/RS – I consider the re-reading of the historical experience of slavery which has urged negro social groups onto a scenario of legal claims which, until recently, had not been foreseen by state law. I look into the social and juridical dynamics involved in the implementation of this constitutional article to see if, in normative and discursive aspects, it has encouraged lines of dialogue with the actors´(social groups´) own notions of justice and rights, allowing them to enter into national debates. I also reflect on the visibility of the historical negro presence in Brazil by consulting registers produced by a series of social actors, including anthropologists (who contribute with judicial consultancies), and a number of governmental and non-governmental organizations. I thus focus on the terms, positions and new configurations of knowledge-power implied in the present reality of rights claims. Taking into consideration the new perspectives projected onto the “historical past”, I investigate the re-enactments and the disputes of meaning with which the different sectors of society reflect on and relate with justice, law and historical narrative as filtered through the memory of quilombolas.

Submitted by Jordan (jordanbiblio@gmail.com) on 2017-01-23T14:27:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2015_Katia Maria Kunntz Beck.pdf: 5479202 bytes, checksum: 6fc2c4d1b403031a9fada265a04ed26f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jordan (jordanbiblio@gmail.com) on 2017-01-27T14:38:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2015_Katia Maria Kunntz Beck.pdf: 5479202 bytes, checksum: 6fc2c4d1b403031a9fada265a04ed26f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-27T14:38:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2015_Katia Maria Kunntz Beck.pdf: 5479202 bytes, checksum: 6fc2c4d1b403031a9fada265a04ed26f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-01 / CAPES / A presente dissertação pretende, através de uma ação investigativa no campo da historiografia, analisar as representações de escolarização da infância na cultura escolar da Escola Rural Mista Municipal Santo Antonio, criada no espaço rural denominado “Reserva”, durante o período de colonização de Tangará da Serra-MT. A delimitação do período em estudo se constitui entre 1965, quando foi criada a escola e nomeada a primeira professora, até 1983, período que a professora Iracema da Silva Machado Casagrande lecionou nesta instituição de ensino. Tem como base teórica as discussões de autores relacionados ao campo da História Cultural, entre eles Roger Chartier; Michel de Certeau e Dominique Julia, que me permitiu analisar a construção de sentido e do fazer das práticas sociais em uma região contemporânea de colonização, tendo como princípio que historiar sobre a educação escolar nesse período possibilita analisar e compreender como as pessoas se organizaram a partir da migração e quais representações apresentam a respeito da educação escolar. A metodologia de estudo é de caráter histórico-analítico-documental e tem como fonte obras memorialísticas, estudos bibliográficos, acervos escolares, particulares e paroquiais, iconografia e história oral. Na perspectiva da história oral, foram realizadas entrevistas com a professora Iracema da Silva Machado Casagrande, ex-alunos e pais dos alunos que vivenciaram experiências de um período histórico e que hoje são vozes que se entrelaçam entre memória coletiva e memória individual, tornando suas falas em relatos de memórias que contribuem, antes de tudo, para o diálogo do presente com o passado. Tais fontes são encontradas no arquivo da Secretaria Municipal de Educação e Cultura de Tangará da Serra, no Arquivo Público de Mato Grosso, em arquivos particulares, na Sala de Memória de Tangará da Serra, na base de dados do Grupo de História da Educação e Memória/GEM/IE/UFMT, entre outros. Com base na análise de documentos e dos relatos de memória sobre o período inicial de colonização e sobre a criação da primeira escola rural no município, pode-se entender que foi a partir da mobilização, do envolvimento e do interesse das famílias migrantes, em busca de melhores condições de vida, que a educação escolar despontou no espaço rural, pois acreditavam na importância dos estudos para a conquista de uma vida melhor para seus filhos. Percebe-se, portanto, que a educação escolar, inicialmente, foi fruto de luta dos migrantes em Tangará da Serra/MT e que diferentes representações de escolarização de infância se materializaram na cultura escolar da Escola Rural Mista Municipal Santo Antonio. / This dissertation intends to through an action research in the field of historiography, to analyse the representations of childhood education in school culture of Santo Antonio Municipal Coeducational Rural School that was created in the countryside called "Reserva" during the period of colonization of Tangará da Serra-MT. The delimitation of the period under study is between 1965, when the school was established and named the first teacher; until 1983, during which the teacher Iracema da Silva Machado Casagrande taught in this Educational Institution. It’s based on theoretical discussions of authors related to the field of Cultural History, among them Roger Chartier, Michel de Certeau and Dominique Julia. This field allows analyzing the construction of meaning and the social practices in a contemporary region of colonization, with the principle that historicize about school education in this period makes it possible to analyze and understand how people have organized from the migration and which feature representations regarding school education. The study methodology is historical-analytical-documentary character and has as a source, memory works, bibliographic studies, private and parochial schools collections, Oral History and iconography. From the perspective of Oral History interviews were held with the teacher Iracema da Silva Machado Casagrande, ex-alumni and parents of students who have lived experiences of a historical period and that today are voices which intertwine between collective and individual memory which becoming reports of memories that contribute to the dialogue of the present with the past. The sources are found in the archive of the Municipal Department of Education and Culture of Tangará da Serra, in the Public Records of Mato Grosso State, in particular files, in “Sala de Memória” of Tangará da Serra, in the database of “Grupo de História da Educação e Memória” /GEM/IE/UFMT, between others. Based on the analysis of documents and reports of memory about the initial period of colonization and the establishment of the first rural school in the municipality is possible to understand that it was from the mobilization, the involvement and interest of migrants families, in search of better living conditions, that school education topping in the countryside, because they believed in the importance of the studies for the achievement of a better life for their children. Therefore, that school education initially was the result of struggle of migrants in Tangará da Serra/MT and different representations of childhood schooling materialized on school culture of Santo Antonio Municipal Coeducational Rural School.

Submitted by Valquíria Barbieri (kikibarbi@hotmail.com) on 2017-06-20T21:26:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Soraya do Lago Albuquerque.pdf: 1446111 bytes, checksum: cdf2c1d720b9a3bba7d2ac186acae29b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jordan (jordanbiblio@gmail.com) on 2017-06-23T16:07:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Soraya do Lago Albuquerque.pdf: 1446111 bytes, checksum: cdf2c1d720b9a3bba7d2ac186acae29b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-23T16:07:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Soraya do Lago Albuquerque.pdf: 1446111 bytes, checksum: cdf2c1d720b9a3bba7d2ac186acae29b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-28 / As literaturas pós-coloniais são caracterizadas por conceder voz aos marginalizados, aos considerados subalternos e minorias, para que esses, através das múltiplas vozes, expressas pela escrita literária possam se fazer ouvir e assim buscar a tão sonhada autonomia e significação enquanto sujeito histórico. É nesse contexto que estão inseridas as duas escritoras que são foco deste estudo que traçará por um viés comparativo um estudo entre obras de duas escritoras de países africanos: Paulina Chiziane, moçambicana e Toni Morrison, estadunidense e afrodescendente. Ambas expressam por meio da literatura os costumes de seu povo, desencadeando por meio das memórias um fluxo narrativo pelos rastros deixados pela oratura. A inserção da mulher no mundo literário foi uma das inovações das literaturas pós-coloniais dos países africanos e afrodescendentes, pois até então a mulher não expressava suas necessidades e muito menos indignações, notadamente pela construção social, política e histórica da sociedade patriarcal e sexista. Com a subjugação colonial muito menos ainda poderia ser ouvida. Ao contrário, as emoções foram silenciadas em seus recônditos, aguardando o instante para verter em emponderamento a voz na literatura e, em ação, as atividades políticas feministas. Acreditando nesse empoderamento dado à literatura pretendemos mostrar como as duas escritoras apropriam as suas personagens com ele e traça o diálogo com propostas de mudança e de subversão ao cenário no qual se encontram. / Postcolonial literatures are characterized by granting voice to the marginalized , who are considered subaltern and the minorities for those, through the multiple voices which are expressed by literary writing can be heard and so it can be able to find so awaited autonomy and significance as a historical human being . It is in this context that the two writers are inserted in which they are the focus of this study which intend to do a comparative study between the works of the two writers of African countries : Paulina Chiziane , moçambiquean and Toni Morrison , American and African descent . Both express through the literature the customs of their people , triggering memories through a narrative flow through the traces left by the orature . The women1s inclusion in the literary world was one of the innovations of postcolonial literatures of African countries and African descent ones because until there the woman neither express their needs nor their outrage , especially by the social building , political and historical of the patriarchal and sexist society. With the colonial subjugation it couldn’t be be heard at all. Instead of this, the emotions were muted in their secluded , waiting for the moment to change it into empowerment the voice in literature and, in action, the feminist political activities . Trusting in that empowerment which was given to the literature we intend to show how the two writers appropriated their characters with it and we also goal to get the dialogue with the changing proposals and the subversion of the setting in which they find themselves.

En raison de leur faible consommation d'énergie, les mémoires non volatiles (MNV) sont En raison de leur faible consommation d'énergie, les mémoires non-volatiles sont particulièrement intéressantes pour l'électronique portative (clé USB, téléphone, ordinateur portable …). Les mémoires Flash, qui dominent le marché, atteignent leurs limites physiques et doivent être remplacées. L'introduction de nouveaux matériaux et architectures mémoire est proposée. Les mémoires OxRRAM (Oxide Resistive Random Access Memory) sont des candidats potentiels. Il s'agit de structures M-O-M (Métal-Oxyde-Métal). Le stockage de l'information est basé sur la modulation de la résistance de l'oxyde à l'application d'un champ électrique ou d'un courant. Une meilleure compréhension du mécanisme de changement de résistance de ces dispositifs est nécessaire pour contrôler leurs performances. Nous nous intéressons au claquage diélectrique de l'oxyde, qui initie le mécanisme de changement de résistance. Les mesures physico-chimiques à l'échelle nanométrique sont indispensables à sa compréhension et font défaut dans la littérature. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons des mesures physico-chimiques, des mesures électriques et des méthodes de préparation d'échantillon adaptées. Les oxydes de nickel et d'hafnium sont investigués. En plus de la dégradation électrique (chute de résistance), les modifications de ces deux oxydes sont investiguées à trois niveaux : la composition chimique, la morphologie et la structure électronique. Mots-clés : mémoire résistive, mécanisme de changement de résistance, claquage diélectrique, NiO, HfO2, spectroscopie de photoélectrons, microscopie électronique en transmission, microscopie à forme atomique, lacunes d'oxygène. / With low energy consumption, non-volatile memories are interesting for portative applications (USB, mobile phone, laptop …). The Flash memory technology is reaching its physical boundaries and needs to be replaced. New materials and architectures are currently investigated. Oxide Resistive Random Access Memory (OxRRAM) is considered as a good candidate. It is based on a M-O-M (Metal-Oxide-Metal) stack. The information is stored using an electric field or a current that modulates the resistance of the oxide. A better understanding of the resistance switching mechanism is required in order to control the performances of the devices. We investigate the dielectric breakdown that activates the resistance switching properties. Physico-chemical characterization at the nanoscale is required. In this work, we propose proper physico-chemical and electrical measurements. Sample preparation is also considered. Nickel and hafnium oxide are investigated. Besides the evolution of the electrical properties, we analyze the oxide modification at three levels : the chemical composition, the morphology and the electronic structure. Keywords : resistive memory, resistance switching mechanism, dielectric breakdown, NiO, HfO2, photoelectron spectroscopy, electronic transmission microscopy, atomic force microscopy, oxygen vacancies.

Ce travail présente les principaux résultats obtenus avec une large gamme de dispositifs SOI avancés, candidats très prometteurs pour les futurs générations de transistors MOSFETs. Leurs propriétés électriques ont été analysées par des mesures systématiques, agrémentées par des modèles analytiques et/ou des simulations numériques. Nous avons également proposé une utilisation originale de dispositifs FinFETs fabriqués sur ONO enterré en fonctionnalisant le ONO à des fins d'application mémoire non volatile, volatile et unifiées. Après une introduction sur l'état de l'art des dispositifs avancés en technologie SOI, le deuxième chapitre a été consacré à la caractérisation détaillée des propriétés de dispositifs SOI planaires ultra- mince (épaisseur en dessous de 7 nm) et multi-grille. Nous avons montré l’excellent contrôle électrostatique par la grille dans les transistors très courts ainsi que des effets intéressants de transport et de couplage. Une approche similaire a été utilisée pour étudier et comparer des dispositifs FinFETs à double grille et triple grille. Nous avons démontré que la configuration FinFET double grille améliore le couplage avec la grille arrière, phénomène important pour des applications à tension de seuil multiple. Nous avons proposé des modèles originaux expliquant l'effet de couplage 3D et le comportement de la mobilité dans des TFTs nanocristallin ZnO. Nos résultats ont souligné les similitudes et les différences entre les transistors SOI et à base de ZnO. Des mesures à basse température et de nouvelles méthodes d'extraction ont permis d'établir que la mobilité dans le ZnO et la qualité de l'interface ZnO/SiO2 sont remarquables. Cet état de fait ouvre des perspectives intéressantes pour l'utilisation de ce type de matériaux aux applications innovantes de l'électronique flexible. Dans le troisième chapitre, nous nous sommes concentrés sur le comportement de la mobilité dans les dispositifs SOI planaires et FinFET en effectuant des mesures de magnétorésistance à basse température. Nous avons mis en évidence expérimentalement un comportement de mobilité inhabituel (multi-branche) obtenu lorsque deux ou plusieurs canaux coexistent et interagissent. Un autre résultat original concerne l’existence et l’interprétation de la magnétorésistance géométrique dans les FinFETs.L'utilisation de FinFETs fabriqués sur ONO enterré en tant que mémoire non volatile flash a été proposée dans le quatrième chapitre. Deux mécanismes d'injection de charge ont été étudiés systématiquement. En plus de la démonstration de la pertinence de ce type mémoire en termes de performances (rétention, marge de détection), nous avons mis en évidence un comportement inattendu : l’amélioration de la marge de détection pour des dispositifs à canaux courts. Notre concept innovant de FinFlash sur ONO enterré présente plusieurs avantages: (i) opération double-bit et (ii) séparation de la grille de stockage et de l'interface de lecture augmentant la fiabilité et autorisant une miniaturisation plus poussée que des Finflash conventionnels avec grille ONO.Dans le dernier chapitre, nous avons exploré le concept de mémoire unifiée, en combinant les opérations non volatiles et 1T-DRAM par le biais des FinFETs sur ONO enterré. Comme escompté pour les mémoires dites unifiées, le courant transitoire en mode 1T-DRAM dépend des charges non volatiles stockées dans le ONO. D'autre part, nous avons montré que les charges piégées dans le nitrure ne sont pas perturbées par les opérations de programmation et lecture de la 1T-DRAM. Les performances de cette mémoire unifiée multi-bits sont prometteuses et pourront être considérablement améliorées par optimisation technologique de ce dispositif. / The evolution of electronic systems and portable devices requires innovation in both circuit design and transistor architecture. During last fifty years, the main issue in MOS transistor has been the gate length scaling down. The reduction of power consumption together with the co-integration of different functions is a more recent avenue. In bulk-Si planar technology, device shrinking seems to arrive at the end due to the multiplication of parasitic effects. The relay has been taken by novel SOI-like device architectures. In this perspective, this manuscript presents the main achievements of our work obtained with a variety of advanced fully depleted SOI MOSFETs, which are very promising candidates for next generation MOSFETs. Their electrical properties have been analyzed by systematic measurements and clarified by analytical models and/or simulations. Ultimately, appropriate applications have been proposed based on their beneficial features.In the first chapter, we briefly addressed the short-channel effects and the diverse technologies to improve device performance. The second chapter was dedicated to the detailed characterization and interesting properties of SOI devices. We have demonstrated excellent gate control and high performance in ultra-thin FD SOI MOSFET. The SCEs are efficiently suppressed by decreasing the body thickness below 7 nm. We have investigated the transport and electrostatic properties as well as the coupling mechanisms. The strong impact of body thickness and temperature range has been outlined. A similar approach was used to investigate and compare vertical double-gate and triple-gate FinFETs. DG FinFETs show enhanced coupling to back-gate bias which is applicable and suitable for dynamic threshold voltage tuning. We have proposed original models explaining the 3D coupling effect in FinFETs and the mobility behavior in ZnO TFTs. Our results pointed on the similarities and differences in SOI and ZnO transistors. According to our low-temperature measurements and new promoted extraction methods, the mobility in ZnO and the quality of ZnO/SiO2 interface are respectable, enabling innovating applications in flexible, transparent and power electronics. In the third chapter, we focused on the mobility behavior in planar SOI and FinFET devices by performing low-temperature magnetoresistance measurements. Unusual mobility curve with multi-branch aspect were obtained when two or more channels coexist and interplay. Another original result in the existence of the geometrical magnetoresistance in triple-gate and even double-gate FinFETs.The operation of a flash memory in FinFETs with ONO buried layer was explored in the forth chapter. Two charge injection mechanisms were proposed and systematically investigated. We have discussed the role of device geometry and temperature. Our novel ONO FinFlash concept has several distinct advantages: double-bit operation, separation of storage medium and reading interface, reliability and scalability. In the final chapter, we explored the avenue of unified memory, by combining nonvolatile and 1T-DRAM operations in a single transistor. The key result is that the transient current, relevant for 1T-DRAM operation, depends on the nonvolatile charges stored in the nitride buried layer. On the other hand, the trapped charges are not disturbed by the 1T-DRAM operation. Our experimental data offers the proof-of-concept for such advanced memory. The performance of the unified/multi-bit memory is already decent but will greatly improve in the coming years by processing dedicated devices.

A pesquisa tem por objetivo identificar quais imagens da infância os adultos têm. Foi desenvolvida em uma perspectiva qualitativa com o propósito de compreender o que pensam acerca da infância e coletou memórias de infância de nove adultos que têm em comum o fato de seus filhos frequentarem uma instituição pública de educação infantil. Sustentada pelo referencial teórico da Sociologia da Infância compreende a infância enquanto categoria da estrutura social em sua divisão geracional. Utiliza os paradigmas da área acerca da construção social, histórica e cultural das imagens e representações de infância. Com o apoio das teorias da Memória Coletiva a pesquisa compreende a influência que o passado exerce na percepção do presente e na construção de concepções e imagens, neste caso, da infância. A pesquisa de campo revelou que tanto as experiências vividas pelos sujeitos adultos quando crianças como as representações sociais da infância exercem influência na maneira de se conceptualizar e imaginar a infância nos dias de hoje. / This research aims to identify which childhood images adults have. It was developed in a qualitative perspective with the purpose of understanding what they think about childhood and collected childhood memories from nine adults that share the fact of their children attend the same public kindergarten. Based on the theoretical framework of Sociology of Childhood understands childhood as a category of social structure in a generational division. The research uses the fields paradigm of socially, historically and culturally constructed images and models of childhood. Supported by the Collective Memory theories the research understands the influence that past has upon the presents perception and upon the conceptions and images of childhood construction, in this case. The field research revealed that both the experiences of these adults while they were children and social models of childhood influence the manner of conceiving and imagining childhood nowadays.

Submitted by Alison Vanceto (alison-vanceto@hotmail.com) on 2017-06-08T12:14:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseFCC.pdf: 9423509 bytes, checksum: 56ce54ca7e3e03004f03759c25d6dbf1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-06-13T18:22:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseFCC.pdf: 9423509 bytes, checksum: 56ce54ca7e3e03004f03759c25d6dbf1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-06-13T18:22:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseFCC.pdf: 9423509 bytes, checksum: 56ce54ca7e3e03004f03759c25d6dbf1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-13T18:26:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseFCC.pdf: 9423509 bytes, checksum: 56ce54ca7e3e03004f03759c25d6dbf1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-31 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / This thesis focuses on the observation and analysis of the connections among memory, conflict and politics in social network associations, neighborhoods and local sociabilities in the context of the urban “revitalization" in the port area of Rio de Janeiro. Presuming that a story is an individual expression limited by a "general discourse" that classifies feelings, understandings and significations of experience from a dominant culturally provided structure, this thesis is guided by the understandings of a symbolic universe based on memories that combine past and present with official and non-official perceptions of the city, told in multiple ways by the interlocutors of this research. Throughout the study the term "revitalization" is analyzed according to circumstances in which dweller and association categories were observed in the course of fieldwork as a constant "movement" of different artistic, political and cultural investments in the context of social transformations. The nonfixity of the resident category is due to the notion of "testimonial memories" and ethnographically understood as the operator of a system that activates relations and "ways of inhabiting" in the port area, primarily from a political point of view. / A presente tese destina-se à observação e análise do nexo que se forma entre memória, conflito e política no contexto das redes de associativismos, vizinhança e sociabilidade oriundos do cenário gerado pelas obras de “revitalização” em curso na zona portuária do Rio de Janeiro. Tendo em vista que um relato é uma expressão individual limitada por um “idioma geral” que classifica sensações, entende e significa todas as experiências a partir de uma estrutura culturalmente fornecida, este trabalho está pautado na compreensão do universo simbólico proveniente de lembranças que mesclavam o passado e o presente com as histórias oficiais e as não oficiais da cidade, contados de maneiras múltiplas pelos interlocutores desta pesquisa. No decorrer da análise, o termo “revitalização” vai sendo problematizado de acordo com as circunstâncias em que aparece e as categorias morador e associação deixam ver através da etnografia uma constante “movimentação” de diferentes investimentos artísticos, políticos e culturais no contexto das transformações sociais em questão. À não fixidez da categoria morador deve-se a noção de “depoimentos de memórias” desenvolvida etnograficamente como operadora de um sistema que ativa relações e “modos de habitar” a região portuária, em um movimento, sobretudo, político.