Author: Nina Ekberg and Therese Ljung Title - Within the social services approach: A qualitative interview study of the social services attitudes towards young offenders Supervisor: Melker Labory Assessor: Ulf Drugge The purpose of this study was to see the social workers attitude towards young offenders and how this can affect the teenagers. The theoretical perspectives have been the theory of street-Level Bureaucracy, social constructivism and Stages of change. The material has been collected through qualitative semi-structured interviews and email-interviews with the social workers. The aim of this study was to examine if the social workers uses their theoretical experiences about their attitudes in their practical work and if their response can raise or reduce the young offenders motivation to change their behaviour. To collect information it was chosen that this study would only concentrate on the social workers opinions. This is to ensure the relevance of the social work practice. The social workers, who were chosen, were limited to those who in one way or another come in contact with the young offenders between the ages of 15-17 years, on a regular basis. The collected data was contrasted with the previous research and was analysed from the above perspectives. The authors of this study were interested to see the professionals’ thoughts and experiences on their theoretical and practical work, which both include the attitudes and their motivational work with the young offenders. The results show that the social workers have a great responsibility in strengthen the young offenders to discover their inner motivation so they can change their criminal behaviour.

Nepilnamečių nusikalstamumas ir jo priežastys buvo, yra ir bus aktuali kiekvienos valstybės diskusijų tema. Nuolatos ieškoma naujų ir alternatyvių būdų, prevencinių priemonių, galinčių sustabdyti nepilnamečių nusikalstamumo plitimą. Šiame magistro darbe nagrinėjama nepilnamečių socialinės dezadaptacijos samprata ir veiksniai bei jų ryšys su nusikaltimo padarymu. Mokslinės literatūros analizės pagrindu išskirti esminiai nepilnamečių socialinės dezadaptacijos mikroveiksniai (šeima, mokykla, neformalios bendraamžių grupės) bei makroveiksniai (valstybė ir joje priimami politiniai sprendimai, masinės informavimo priemonės). Pastebėta, jog socialinė dezadaptacija, apimanti įvairias grupes mikro ir makroveiksnių, yra viena nusikaltimo padarymo priežasčių. Nusikaltimas – socialinės dezadaptacijos išraiška. Į nepilnamečių resocializacijos procesą taip pat žvelgiama pro socialinės dezadaptacijos prizmę. Analizuojami kai kurių Lietuvoje taikomų resocializacinių priemonių probleminiai aspektai. Tyrimo objektas lėmė, jog didžiausias dėmesys skiriamas laisvės atėmimo bausmei. Sociologinio tyrimo Kauno nepilnamečių tardymo izoliatoriuje – pataisos namuose pagalba siekta išsiaiškinti, kokie socialinės dezadaptcaijos veiksniai turėjo didžiausią įtaką nuteistojo elgesiui bei kokią įtaką laisvės atėmimo bausmė, kaip resocializacinio poveikio priemonė, turi socialinės dezadaptacijos veiksnių pašalinimui arba jų daromo poveikio nepilnamečiui sumažinimui. Remiantis mokslinės literatūros analize... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Juvenile criminality and its causes were, are and will be an important theme for discussion for each of the states. People are constantly seeking for some new alternative methods and preventive measures that could stop the spread of juvenile criminality. In this Master thesis author familiarizes with a concept of juveniles social desadaptation and its main reasons also with the impact and relations of social desadaptation and crimes. The main micro elements (like family, school and informal groups of contemporaries) and macro elements (like mass communication and the state with its politic decisions) were separated and based on the analysis of relating scholastic literature. Furthermore, author noticed that the social desadaptation, which involves various micro and macro elements, is one of the causes to make a crime. A crime is considered as the expression of the social desadaptation. This thesis also provides with a new view to the resocialization process of the delinquent juveniles. Author looks into resocialization through a prism of social desadaptation. The most important of problematic aspects of currently existing resocialization measures have been analyzed. A sociological research was done in Penitentiary and Inquisitional Isolator of Kaunas in order to sort out what kind of impact to juvenile resocialization custodial sentence could provide and how it can minimize the effects of the elements of juvenile social desadaptation. On the ground of scholastic literature... [to full text]

Šiame magistro baigiamajame darbe analizuojamas laisvės atėmimo bausmės, kaip vienos iš dažniausiai teismo skiriamų bausmių, įtaka pakartotiniam nusikalstamumui bei jos atlikimo metu asmeniui taikomų pataisos priemonių teisiniai ir praktiniai aspektai, jų veiksmingumas ir efektyvumas, siekiant asmens pataisymo bei pakartotinio nusikalstamumo tikimybės išvengimo. Pirmajame skyriuje analizuojama bausmės paskirtis ir esmė, pagrindiniai tikslai, kuriuos bausmei kelia įstatymų leidėjas. Apžvelgiamos bausmės teorijos, kurios įvairiais istoriniais laikotarpiais kėlė daugiausia diskusijų mokslininkų tarpe ir formavo dabartinę bausmės sampratą. Taip pat įvertinamas teismų vaidmuo skiriant bausmes ir įgyvendinant teisingumo principą. Antrajame skyriuje apžvelgiamas laisvės atėmimo bausmės formavimasis istorijos tėkmėje, skirtingų kalinimo sistemų įtaka dabartinei kalinimo sistemai. Šiame skyriuje taip pat analizuojamos pataisos priemonės, taikomos laisvės atėmimo bausme nuteistiems asmenims, jų teigiami aspektai bei pagrindiniai trūkumai ir sąsaja su pakartotiniu nusikalstamumu. Trečiajame skyriuje analizuojamos problemos, su kuriomis susiduria laisvės atėmimo bausmę atlikę ir į laisvę išėję asmenys, įvertinamos jų pačių pastangos siekiant sėkmingos adaptacijos visuomenėje bei formuojant visuomenės požiūrį į juos. Ketvirtasis skyrius skirtas trumpai laisvės atėmimo bausmės alternatyvų apžvalgai, dabartinės jų būklės įvertinimui bei galimiems pokyčiams ateityje. Apibendrinant nagrinėtas... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The main purpose of this master final work is to reveal the influence of inprisonment on repeated criminality. It is important to analyse and evaluate all the corrective elements of the inprisonment that are used in the penitentiaries, because the behavior of the prisoner usually depends on it. Also it is important to identify how do all these elements can help prisoners to change and do not commit crimes any more. The first chapter analyses the main purposes of the penalty that exists nowadays and the influence on it of all the theories of the punishment that used to exit in the past. Also this chapter contains the importance of the judge in the penalty commited process. The second master's final work chapter talks about the formation of the inprisonment as it is nowadays and about the efficiency of all it‘s corrective programs in order to avoid repeated criminality. The third section is dedicated to all the difficulties that prisoners usually confront with after the inprisonment, not only because of the fault of the negative position of the sočiety, but because of their behavior as well. The fourh chapter reveals us all the positive and negative aspects of the alternatives for the inprisonment, that exist in Lithuania nowadays and about the opportunity to apply something new in that system in order to avoid repeated criminality. To sum up everything that was written in the master‘s final work at the end of it we made conclusions, in... [to full text]

Nusikalstamumo, drausmės pažeidimų ir kriminologinės prevencijos teisinis reglamentavimas Lietuvos kariuomenėje tema aktuali, nes karių padaromos veikos sulaukia didelio susidomėjimo visuomenėje. Taip pat ši tema nėra plačiai išnagrinėta. Tyrimo problema - apibendrintos informacijos apie nusikalstamumą ir drausmės pažeidimus Lietuvos kariuomenėje stygius. Tyrimo objektas - socialiniai procesai Lietuvos kariuomenėje bei teisės pažeidimų kontrolė ir reglamentavimas. Tikslas - analizuoti nusikaltimų ir drausmės pažeidimų Lietuvos kariuomenėje procesus ir jų teisinį reglamentavimą bei pateikti siūlymus padėsiančius pagerinti situaciją nusikalstamumo ir drausmės pažeidimų Lietuvos kariuomenėje prevencijos tobulinimo srityje. Magistro baigiamojo darbo uždaviniai: 1) atskleisti Lietuvos kariuomenės veiklos bei nusikalstamumo ir drausmės pažeidimų Lietuvos kariuomenėje teisinio reglamentavimo pobūdį, žvelgiant per istorinio konteksto prizmę; 2) apibūdinti institucijas, tiriančias nusikaltimus ir drausmės pažeidimus Lietuvos kariuomenėje, bei atskleisti jų vaidmenį šiame procese; 3) analizuoti kriminologinę nusikalstamumo ir drausmės pažeidimų charakteristiką Lietuvos kariuomenėje 2009-2011 m. laikotarpiu. / The theme – The Legal Regulation of Criminality, Disciplinary Violations and Criminological Prevention in Lithuanian Military is really relevant due to the public interest for deed acts which are committed by the military personnel. This theme is not examined widely. The problem of this research defines the lack of summarized information about criminality and disciplinary violations in Lithuanian military. Research object – the social processes in Lithuanian military, the control and legal nature of law violations. The aim of this research is to analyze the processes and legal regulation of criminality and disciplinary violations in Lithuanian military and to give some suggestions how to ensure effective prevention tools for these activities. The tasks of Master’s Work are these: 1) to reveal legal regulation of Lithuanian military activity, also criminality and disciplinary violations in the military; thought historical view; 2) to describe institutions, whose are investigating the crimes and disciplinary violations in Lithuanian military and to enclose their role in this process; 3) to analyze the criminological characteristic and disciplinary violations in Lithuanian military during the period of 2009–2011.

In this qualitative user evaluation, users from the Krami-programme in Borlänge have been interviewed on what they consider to have been positive changes in their social situation after participating in the programme. The respondents also point out factors in the programme that have supported these changes. The method consisted of interviews with five men who have undergone the Krami programme. The results show that Krami primarily helps the users to get an employment which results in the repeal of criminogenic factors. This plays an important part in the positive change of the users self-esteem, which tends to lead towards ”unlabeling” of the individual as “criminal”. The study also indicates other factors in the program that the users found helpful in their process of change highlighting the interaction between authorities, the approach of the Krami- staff and also the common rules that the participants has to agree upon. The users also poins out the importance of ones own motivation for changes to take place. / I denna kvalitativa brukarutvärdering har brukare från Krami-programmet i Borlänge intervjuats om vad de anser varit positiva förändringar i deras sociala situation efter att de genomgått programmet och vad i programmet de ansett har gynnat dessa förändringar. Studien visar att Krami främst hjälper brukarna att få ett arbete vilket i sin tur resulterar i upphävandet av kriminogena faktorer. Detta är en viktig del i en positiv förändring av brukarnas självkänsla vilket slutligen leder till ”avstämpling” från stämpeln som ”kriminell”. Studien indikerar också andra faktorer i programmet som brukarna anser vara betydande i sin förändringsprocess vilka är: samverkan mellan myndigheter, Krami-personalens förhållningssätt och de regler som brukarna måste vara överens om att hålla. Slutligen pekar brukarna också på betydelsen av den egna motivationens betydelse för förändring.

No description available.

O estudo analisa as taxas de criminalidade dos delitos de homicídio, lesão corporal, roubo, furto e tráfico de drogas para a comunidade da Restinga, que foi sujeita a um programa piloto em segurança pública, comparado com outros 18 municípios do Rio Grande do Sul, agregados em três níveis de urbanização, através de um recorte temporal. Este programa de segurança está firmado numa concepção ampla de segurança pública, que não a reduz ao caráter de demanda exclusiva aos poderes policial e judiciário, o projeto procura gerar alternativas aos jovens da comunidade, como a prática esportiva e o acesso à cultura, que substanciem perspectivas de vida identificadas com a construção de identidades cidadãs. Assim, a presente pesquisa tem como tema uma análise do impacto do programa “Programa de Segurança Municipal no Bairro Restinga”, em Porto Alegre – procurando, assim, mensurar analiticamente sua eficácia na contenção da criminalidade. A comparação revela uma diminuição ou um crescimento menos acentuado das taxas, na Restinga, comparadas às dos outros municípios agregados. Os componentes explicativos da associação diferencial são invocados na discussão das hipóteses e análise das conclusões desta pesquisa. / The present study was carried out to analyse the criminal activity rate of homicides, as well as body enjuries, robbery, theft and drug trafficking at Restinga Community, in Porto Alegre. This community was included in a public security program to be analyzed together with other eighteen cities which are part of a three level project of housing development through an especif period of time. This program is based on a broad vision of public security which is not the police an law powers. The project has the objective to create new alternatives, as for example, sport activity and cultural access, so that youngest of the community may have strong life perspectives to identify and lead them to the construction of a citizenship identity. So, the present research has as its main goal the impact analysis of the “Municipal Safety Program” at Restinga District in the city of Porto Alegre, trying at the same time to get the analytic measurementand effectiveness in the criminality control in the region. The analysis reveals a certain fall or a less strong growth of the Restinga criminality rate when compared to the to the others cities. All the explanatory components of the differencial association theory have been used in the discussion of hipothesis and analysis of the present research.

Orientador: Arnaldo Cortina / Banca: Maria Lúcia Outeiro Fernandes / Banca: Tieko Yamaguchi Miyazaki / Resumo: O trabalho consiste no estudo e análise do romance Cidade de Deus, de Paulo Lins, relançado em 2002. Tal análise tem como objetivo verificar como esse texto contemporâneo articula sua escrita, sua produção, a partir de uma expectativa de leitura do leitor contemporâneo. O estudo também busca observar os mecanismos discursivos e textuais presentes na constituição da obra em questão, sem deixar de considerar o contexto sóciohistórico em que o romance está inserido. Procura explorar ainda, as condições específicas que despertaram o interesse do público em geral para a leitura da obra e em que medida a transposição do romance para o cinema, no ano de 2002, sob a direção de Fernando Meirelles, influenciou no aumento do número de leitores para esse livro. / Abstract: This study consists in the investigation anda analysis of Paulo Lins' romance Cidade de Deus, relanced in 2002. This analysis intends to verify as this contemporary text articulates his writings, his production, from one expectative of lecture of a contemporary reader. The study search too to observe the textuals and discoursives mechanisms presentes in the constitution of book in question, without leave to consider the social and historic context in that the romance is inserted. It search still to explore the specific conditions that waked the public interest in general for reader of book and in that measure the transposition of romance for the cinema, in the year 2002, under Fernando Meirelles direction, had influence in the increase number of readers for this book. / Mestre

Submitted by Jordan (jordanbiblio@gmail.com) on 2018-07-31T12:47:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2015_João Romano da Silva Junior.pdf: 1141475 bytes, checksum: 35e371b2eae11fe65e76097ae63ea542 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jordan (jordanbiblio@gmail.com) on 2018-08-02T13:00:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2015_João Romano da Silva Junior.pdf: 1141475 bytes, checksum: 35e371b2eae11fe65e76097ae63ea542 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-02T13:00:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2015_João Romano da Silva Junior.pdf: 1141475 bytes, checksum: 35e371b2eae11fe65e76097ae63ea542 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-09 / A presente dissertação pretende demonstrar a seletividade do sistema penal brasileiro a partir da análise do perfil dos indivíduos que são alcançados pelos aparatos de repressão estatal. Para aludido mister a base teórica é de caráter interdisciplinar, uma vez que, a complexidade da investigação ressente-se do estudo de mais de uma área do conhecimento para que se estabeleçam premissas para melhor compreensão do fenômeno da criminalização da pobreza. A construção do trabalho é erigida a partir da dualidade sistema penal brasileiro e pobreza, que aparentemente são categorias epistemológicas estanques entre si, que se não inter-relacionam, e por isso podem ser analisadas separadamente, mas que, no entanto, uma delas, a pobreza, será o fundamento da outra. Nesse tanto, “pobreza”, conforme sugere o título desta dissertação, transcende a sua própria significação literal, e está assentada figurativamente para delimitar a espécie de pobreza da qual se trabalhará, é dizer, o vocábulo aqui retrata a personificação de uma pobreza. Assim, o capitalismo, sobretudo na sua feição neoliberal, ante a necessidade de um mecanismo para controlar suas distorções socioeconômicas, de antemão rotula, etiqueta e direciona os alvos que serão submetidos ao seu iníquo sistema punitivo. / This work aims to demonstrate the selectivity of the Brazilian penal system from the profile analysis of individuals that are achieved by the apparatus of state repression. Mister alluded to the theoretical basis is interdisciplinary, since the complexity of the resents the study research over an area of knowledge in order to establish premises for better understanding of poverty criminalization phenomenon. The building work is erected from the dichotomy the criminal justice system and poverty, which are apparently sealed epistemological categories with each other, which is not interrelated, and thus can be considered separately, but, however, one of them, poverty, will be the foundation of another. This much, "poverty", as suggested by the title of this work transcends its own literal meaning, and sits figuratively to define the kind of poverty from which it will work, that is, the word here depicts the personification of poverty. Thus, capitalism, especially in its neoliberal feature, given the need for a mechanism to control their socioeconomic distortions in advance labels, label and directs the targets that will be submitted to his wicked punitive system.

As a consequence of the 2007 financial crisis, companies have been focusing on managing the risks of normative infringement as an integral part of the notion of a business risk. This practice is encouraged by the implementation of normative with cross-border effects and reach, as well as by the growing internal regulations of autonomous criminal liability of corporate bodies systems.In the context of the circumstances described, in the present article the author analyzes: (i) the practical performance of the Criminal Compliance programs; (ii) their minimum content to exonerate or mitigate the criminal liability of the corporate bodies involved in a crime or offence; and, (iii) the challenges for the lawyer specialized in Criminal Law that this new approach of criminal preventingcounseling enforces. / Luego de la crisis financiera de 2007, las empresas vienen ocupándose de gestionar los riesgos por incumplimientos normativos como parte integrante de la noción de riesgo de negocio. Esta práctica es incentivada tanto por la aplicación de normas de alcance transfronterizo como por las crecientes regulaciones internas de sistemas de responsabilidad penal autónoma de personas jurídicas.A propósito de esta coyuntura, en el presente artículo se analiza: (i) el rendimiento práctico de los programas de Criminal Compliance; (ii) su contenido mínimo para exonerar o atenuar la responsabilidad penal de las empresas incursas en algúndelito; y, (iii) los retos que para el abogado penalista impone este nuevo enfoque de asesoramiento preventivo empresarial.