Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-06-07Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:21:19Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 cardoso_vs_me_bauru.pdf: 918633 bytes, checksum: 1c0f148d58b6dd0c81f7bf11fb1f134c (MD5) / Os jardins botânicos têm sido reconhecidos como locais propícios para a prática de atividades educativas em espaços não escolares. Tais atividades, oferecidas pelas equipes de educação, comumente são relacionadas à Educação Ambiental (EA). Contudo, o campo da EA tem se apresentado como um mosaico de concepções e práticas, gerando dificuldades na determinação da natureza e dos propósitos das atividades educativas praticadas nos jardins botânicos. Inseridos neste contexto, está o Programa de Educação Ambiental do Jardim Botânico Municipal de Bauru (JBMB), que constantemente recebe questionamentos (autóctones e alóctones) sobre se suas atividades educativas se constituem ou não em práticas de E.A. Tal característica trouxe a necessidade de uma busca por uma identidade que permita o posicionamento do Programa no território da EA, despertando a necessidade de contextualização da realidade do JBMB e de seu programa educativo. Esta foi realizada por meio de investigação sobre: a história dos jardins botânicos, o panorama da EA e as atividades realizadas pelo Programa de EA do JBMB. A determinação da identidade necessitou, também, da compreensão do modo como os usuários do Programa o identificam, e para tanto, houve a necessidade de conhecer o perfil destes usuários e de suas expectativas quando procuram atividades oferecidas pela equipe de EA, o que foi realizado por meio da análise de fichas de visitação, que contêm informações sobre os grupos que visitamo JBMB. A determinação da identidade do programa educativo do JBMB apresenta-se como ponto de partida para os planejamentos e direcionamentos futuros das atividades de EA, bem como orientação para outros educadores no sentido de buscarem a identidade de seus programas educacionais / The botanical garden have been recognized as potential sites for the practice of educational activities in non-school spaces. Such activities offered by education teams, are commonly related to Environmental Education (EE). However, the field of EE has been presented as a mosaic of concepts and practices, creating difficulties in determining the nature and purposes of educational activities practiced by botanical gardens. Within this context, is the Environmental Education Program of the Municipal Botanical Garden of Bauru (JBMB), which constantly receives inquiries (allochthonous) if its educational activities are or are not EE practices. Such characteristics has throught the need for a search for an identity that would allow positioning its EE program within the territory of EE Programs, raising the need to contextualize the reality of JBMB and its educational program. This was accomplished through research on: the history of botanical gardens, the outlook of EE and the activities undertaken by the EE Program at the JBMB. The determination of identity also needed understanding of how users identify the program, and for that, the unveiling of the profile of these users and their expectations when seeking activities offered by the EE team was necessary. This was done by analyzing the records of visitation that contain information about the groups that visit the JBMB. The determination of the identity of the educational program at the JBMB presents itself as a starting point for planning and future directions of EE activities, as well as guidance for other educattors to seek for the identity of their own educational programs

Vi har i denna studie granskat vetenskapligt publikationer rörande utomhuspedagogik. Syfte är att komma underfund med vilka effekter sådan undervisning har på elever, samt om utomhuspedagogik kan underlätta inlärningen av ämnesspecifikt innehåll. Våra frågeställningar har varit vilken inställning elever har till naturen, vilka effekter utomhuspedagogik har på elever, samt vad Sveriges befolkning vet om allemansrätten. Vi har i denna litteraturstudie granskat empiriskt utförda studier, inklusive forskning baserad på kvantitativa vetenskapliga enkäter. Resultatet av studien visar att utomhusvistelse uppskattas av både elever och pedagoger, men att den pragmatiska utomhuspedagogiken sällan bedrivs i skolor trots detta. Vi har även fått fram att det finns positiva aspekter av utomhuspedagogik, såsom fördjupad ämneskunskap, men även andra effekter såsom bättre samarbete och sammanhållning i klasserna. De hinder som framkommer i den granskade litteraturen är osäkerhet bland pedagoger och att utomhuspedagogik är tidskrävande. Vi har även kommit fram till att undervisning om miljön man befinner sig i kan få större genomslag om man befinner sig i själva miljön. I denna studie har allemansrätten använts som sådant exempel.

The overall aim of this study is to examine why outdoor education is not implemented as a method of practice to a greater extent by teachers’ who work with natural science topics based on guidelines from the school's mission. The method used in this study is interviews with natural science teachers in grades 1-3. The results have been analyzed accordingly to the theory of implementation containing three keywords: understanding, will and ability. The result shows that the teachers have a deep understanding of using outdoor education in their learning activities and a positive will in implementing outdoor education in their teaching. However, the study also shows that there were some practical obstacles such as lack of time for planning and resource issues and also possible shortcomings in teachers' subject knowledge and educational skills that can be considered as challenges in the performance of outdoor education.

Abstract This study is a comparison of a preschool with an alignment towards outdoor education and a preschool without a specific alignment. The research questions that concerned the preschools work with nature and environment, what the teachers think about the outdoors as a place for learning and what the children can tell about the cycle of nature. These questions have been studied through interviews with teachers and children from the two preschools.   The results show that the teachers at both preschools thought that the outdoors was a very important place for learning. However, the work with nature and environment is not a first priority at neither the preschools with alignment to outdoor education, nor the preschool without a specific alignment. This is due to the focus of two bigger areas in the curriculum for the preschool, at both preschools.   The children had many different thoughts and ideas to share with me. They told me that the animals ate the grass in the forest and drank the water from the nearby ditches. They also told me that the leaves that had fallen from the trees blew away from the ground and stayed there. / Sammanfattning I denna studie jämförs en förskola med inriktning mot Friluftsfrämjandets verksamhet I ur och skur mot en förskola utan specifik inriktning. De forskningsfrågor jag har utgått ifrån berör hur pedagogerna arbetar med natur och miljö, hur de ser på naturen som en plats för lärande och vad barnen vet om skogens kretslopp. Dessa frågor undersöktes genom intervjuer med pedagoger och barn från de två förskolorna.   Pedagogerna på de båda förskolorna ansåg att naturen som en plats för lärande var väldigt viktig, men resultaten visar dock att arbetet med natur och miljö inte är högprioriterat hos någon av de två förskolorna. Detta framkom i intervjuerna när pedagogerna från de båda förskolorna beskrev hur planeringen kring ämnesinriktade aktiviteter tog form. Båda verksamheterna fokuserade mest på två större områden tagna ur förskolans läroplan Lpfö 98; normer och värden samt barns inflytande.   Barnen hade många olika tankar och idéer att dela med sig av. De berättade att djuren åt av gräset i skogen och drack vatten från närliggande diken. De berättade också att löven som fallit från träden blåste iväg från marken och stannade där.

Syftet med den föreliggande studien är att undersöka hur sju grundskolelärare ser på möjligheterna med användandet av utomhuspedagogik i de samhällsorienterande ämnena. Undersökningen genomfördes med en kvalitativ forskningsmetod, där vi genom semistrukturerade intervjuer studerade vilka möjligheter respektive hinder som grundskolelärarna uppfattade kunde finnas i användandet av miljön utanför klassrummet. Resultatet tolkades utifrån studiens valda teoretiska perspektiv – läroplansteorin och pragmatismens tes learning by doing. Resultatet visade att grundskolelärarna hade ett fungerande växelspel mellan traditionell undervisning och utomhuspedagogik. Slutsatsen blev att växelspelet har en positiv påverkan på elevernas kunskapsutveckling.

The purpose of this study is to find out if preschool teachers have any ideas about teaching children in an outdoor environment and what these ideas are. We were also interested to see if the preschool teachers felt that there were any obstacles to teaching in the outdoors.   Through a phenomenological perspective, we have conducted qualitative interviews with six preschool teachers in the Stockholm area. The interviews have since been analyzed and thematized and after that presented in our study.   In our study, we have found that preschool teachers do have ideas about how children learn in an outdoor environment. These ideas we have divided into two themes, a theme in which the preschool teachers have found difficulties within the outdoor space as a learning environment and a theme through which we can see through their unreflected thoughts that they posses practical knowledge of the importance of learning in an outdoor environment.

Inledning: Utomhuspedagogik är på olika sätt ett intressant och aktuellt ämne att analysera.Utomhuspedagogik utgår från lärande där sinnliga upplevelser är i fokus och där lärandetflyttas utomhus.Syfte: Studiens syfte är att undersöka pedagogers syn på användandet av utomhuspedagogik ide naturorienterande ämnena i förskoleklass och i årskurs 1-3. Vilka hinder begränsarpedagoger att bedriva utomhuspedagogik och vilka möjligheter ser pedagoger med att bedrivautomhuspedagogik?Metod: Vi har valt att använda en kvantitativ metod i form av undersökningsredskapetwebbenkät, riktad till pedagoger som arbetar i årskurs F-3. Svar från 135 respondenter haranalyserats.Resultat: Majoriteten av respondenterna ser möjligheter med att bedriva utomhuspedagogik.Däremot är det ett fåtal respondenter som ser utomhuspedagogik som ett hinder. Merparten avrespondenterna bedriver utomhuspedagogik i de naturorienterande ämnena på skolan som dearbetar på. Knappt hälften av respondenterna bedriver utomhuspedagogik 1 gång/vecka somgrund i de naturorienterande ämnena. Drygt hälften av respondenterna upplever att kollegoroch rektorer i mindre grad eller inte alls uppmuntrar till utomhuspedagogik. / Introduction: Outdoor education is in various ways an interesting and relevant topic toanalyze. Outdoor education is based on learning, where sensual experiences are in focus andwhere learning is moved outdoors.Purpose: The purpose of the study is to examine the teachers view on the use of outdooreducation in science in primary school. What obstacles limit teachers to practice outdooreducation and what opportunities do teachers see to practice outdoor education?Method: We have chosen to use a web survey, a quantitative method, aiming towardsteachers who are working in primary school. Answers from 135 respondents have beenanalyzed.Results: The majority of the respondents see opportunities to practice outdoor education.However, there are a few respondents who see outdoor education as a limit. The majority ofthe respondents practice outdoor education in science at the school they work at. Almost halfof the respondents practice outdoor education 1 time a week as a basis in science. About halfof the respondents perceive that colleagues and principals, to a lesser degree or not at allencourage outdoor education.

Throughout relevant literature and through the discourses attached to it outdoor education is often described in terms of its purposes. Among other things it is often said to be education out of doors, personal and social education, or education about self, others and the environment. While this reflects concerns among practitioners it has led to a relative scarcity of critical reviews of the field’s practice. The research reported in this thesis brings a new perspective to the study of outdoor education. A Practice Model is proposed from research that takes a social constructionist epistemology and an interpretive perspective in a study of outdoor education. Using ideas of a community of practice the research examined the literature and interviewed outdoor education practitioners in residential outdoor centres. The residential context served to provide access to discrete communities of practice in outdoor centres and to focus the research on general outdoor adventure education. Through this an understanding of the practice of outdoor education was developed. Three dimensions of outdoor education practice were identified as ‘adventure’, ‘learning from experience’ and ‘new space’. These three dimensions of the Practice Model are proposed as a tool for analysis and critique of current practice and for re-thinking and developing practice.

Nine teenage participants and two adult guides were followed throughout a 10 day white water canoe trip to investigate the relationship between their impressions of connection with nature and the canoe trip experience, and their interactions with nature and the canoe trip experience. Themes providing a description of these relationships were identified and three major findings emerged. The first was that multiple themes mediating participants’ connectedness with nature did so both towards connection and disconnection. The second was that participants’ state of comfort was related to an impression of connection with nature while their state of discomfort was related to an impression of disconnection from nature. The third was that the relationship between participants’ connectedness and interactions with nature differed depending on the context (e.g., nature versus civilization). Possible directions for future research include investigating changes in participants’ conception of nature and the relationship between comfort and connection with nature.

The project is an activity based, interdisciplinary curriculum for a simulated outdoor camp that occurs primarily within the elementary classroom. The purpose of the camp is to increase the students' level of awareness of and appreciation for the outdoors.