Perversion är ett negativt laddat begrepp som används för att beskriva personer eller företeelser som avviker från normen, oftast den sexuella. Jag undersöker vad, vem och vilka som kallas perversa i tidningen Expressen år 1966, 1986 och 2016, med syftet att synliggöra hur begreppets användningsområde har förändrats. Min metod har sina rötter i den begreppshistoriska teorin och är utvecklad av Reinhart Koselleck. Genom synkrona och diakrona analyser granskar man politisk-sociala begrepp och sammanhangen de brukas inom. Resultatet visar att bruket av begreppet som ett icke-sexuellt, värdeladdat ord har varit konstant. Det har också åsyftat ett varierande antal sexuella läggningar och uttryck, varav några finns närvarande under alla årtal. Min slutsats blir att det perversa inte nödvändigtvis förblir perverst: ibland brukas begreppet impulsivt, som en reaktion mot det vi inte är vana vid. Begreppets associationer med det förbjudna och tabubelagda förblir dock beständiga.

[pt] Investiga-se os elementos da fantasia que influenciam a percepção e as reações sociais e subjetivas aos crimes sexuais, e seus efeitos na teorização das perversões, desde sua origem na Medicina Legal do Século XIX. A abordagem é orientada à elucidação das moções pulsionais que determinam as características dos discursos que delimitam o perverso como uma entidade nosográfica. / [en] This thesis investigates fantasy elements that influence the perception and the social and subjective reactions to sexual crimes, and their effect on the theorization of perversions, from its origins in nineteenth century s Legal Medicine. The approach is focused on elucidating the impulses which determine the characteristics of the discourses that define perversion as a nosographic entity.

[pt] A proposta desse trabalho é percorrer as diferentes abordagens da fantasia nas obras de Freud e de Lacan. Na teoria freudiana, destacam-se basicamente duas dimensões da fantasia: primeiramente uma dimensão representacional, onde a fantasia estaria articulada à sexualidade infantil, à realização de desejo, ao princípio do prazer e ao recalque.Posteriormente, a dimensão pulsional, representada pela fantasia fundamental de espancamento, foi priorizada pelo autor. Freud destacou um resíduo irredutível da castração edípica, sempre presente em todo sujeito, que permanece à parte da estrutura da neurose, exigindo um trabalho específico de construção em análise. Apresentamos como Lacan, partindo desta última abordagem da fantasia na teoria freudiana, constrói uma escritura própria, o matema da fantasia fundamental: (sujeito barrado na busca do objeto a). Esta fantasia especial, no pensamento do autor, é uma construção que permite lidar-se com o desejo do Outro. Examinamos os diferentes modos, sob os quais, a fantasia pode se manifestar, tanto na neurose quanto na perversão. Finalmente, mostramos de que forma o autor relaciona a fantasia ao final de análise, priorizando sua travessia em relação ao alívio dos sintomas, e as mudanças que isto significa, tanto para a posição ocupada pelo analista, como para a condução do tratamento. / [en] The purpose of this dissertation is to go through the differents approaches of fantasy both in Freud s and Lacan s theories. Freud presents two basic dimensions of fantasy: at first, a representative dimension where fantasy is articulated to infantile sexuality, to desire s realization, to the pleasure principle and repression. Later on, a drive dimension, represented by the fundamental fantasy of beating, began to be priorized by the author. Freud emphasized a scar of the Oedipal castration, always present in everyone, which remains apart of neurosis structure, claiming for a specific work of construction in analysis. We present how Lacan, based on the last Freudian conception of fantasy, built the formula of the fundamental fantasy: (subject barred in object search a). This special fantasy, in the authors opinion , is a construction that allow us to cope with Other s desire. We examine different aspects that fantasy can assume in neurosis or in perversion. Finally, we introduce how the author relates fantasy to the end of analysis,emphasizing its crossing instead of the relief of the symptoms, and the changes on the position of the analyst and on the treatments conduction which are a consequence of this idea.

Cette thèse propose un éclairage sur la réalité de la Fonction analytique, sa physiologie, et les pathologies comportementales qui résultent de son dysfonctionnement. Nous y visitons les travaux de Freud, Jung et Lacan. Par une approche de comparatisme de leurs " écritures respectives ", nous découvrons les fondements de la Fonction analytique. Tous trois tiennent leur savoir d'une approche transdisciplinaire (mythologie, alchimie, Taoïsme, linguistique, mathématiques, etc.) Freud précise le rôle indispensable de la pulsion en décrivant ses quatre caractéristiques. Avec son travail sur le "Bloc-notes magique ", il énonce les modalités de la gravure psychique. La physiologie analytique comprend deux stades distincts : le premier ou " tronc commun " correspond à la gravure de la trace mnésique (Freud). Ce stade se déroule selon le mode binaire : ça pour Freud, persona pour Jung, imaginaire pour Lacan. Le second, se développe à partir du tronc commun, selon la modalité ternaire : la structure arborescente. C'est le stade du moi de Freud, du moi de Jung, du réel de Lacan. Cette phase, comme celle du brassage inter-chromosomique de la méiose biologique, produit une infinité de combinaisons. Modes binaire et ternaire représentent les phases principales de la Fonction analytique. Mais le mode binaire ne doit pas faire barrage au mode ternaire, en enfermant la psyché dans l'imaginaire (Lacan). La psyché doit se dépasser et faire oeuvre d'artiste. Nous montrons que le déséquilibre de l'archétype anima/animus (Jung) est cause de ces pathologies. Nous y voyons également que " la pensée judéo-chrétienne " joue un rôle de censeur, et fait obstacle à la modélisation ternaire.

Text in English / The study unravels moral perversion in selected post-independence detective Shona novels. Moral perversion is a multi-faceted concept and the study focuses on corruption, sexual harassment, abuse of office, stealing, poaching and illegal manufacturing of intoxicating products as the key definers of moral perversion. Afrocentricity merged with Kawaida philosophy are the lenses used to pass critical judgements on the extent the selected literary practitioners portrayed literature rooted in the African ontological existence on moral perversion. Fictional works used as primary sources are Sajeni Chimedza (1984), Mutikitivha Dumbuzenene (1991), Munzwa mundove (1999) and Dandemutande, (1998). All the novels are set in the post-independence era in Zimbabwe when moral perversion is rife. The study is qualitative in nature and data was gathered using questionnaires and interviews from literary critics, publishers and novelists. Particular attention is paid on the causes of moral perversion, images of people in leadership positions and the implications of character assassination of leaders in relation to the development of purposeful literature. The study contends that moral insanity is an acknowledged problem in the post-independence era and novelists are portraying leaders as the chief culprits manning factionalism and unorthodox ways of acquiring resources at the expense of the majority of citizenry. Guided and informed by Afrocentricity, the study argues that novelists are raising pertinent issues although their views are myopic, simplistic and self-defeating because they are failing to see that the leaders are also victims who are victimizing other victims. Blaming the leadership on moral perversion ignoring the impact of colonialism, and neo-colonialism in shaping African personality creates more harm than good as this exonerates the imperialistic system of exploitation which impinges on African culture and personality. Therefore, the study argues that novelists erroneously blame individuals for the sins of a system. There is need to interrogate both external and internal factors to establish sustainable home-grown problem solving solutions to improve human condition and the development of functional literature in Africa. / African Languages / D. Litt. et Phil. (African Languages)

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:39:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ester Alves.pdf: 378656 bytes, checksum: 3ecf955cd8b7f95c1aa9a230799ad94b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-10-30 / The propose of this dissertation is joint the listening and transfering of a patient in analyses and the psychoanalytic theory, specially, concerning the concepts of repression, denial and ego's dissociation. It shows a clinic case that promove questions, in proportions of reveals to the analyst subject that indicate the presence of the repression and denial concomitant, and, therefore, points to some diagnostics, specifically, to perversion, neurosis e narcisic neurosis. From the worked containt, come to light this signification's possibilitys to the observables in the clinic, beyond therapeutics alternatives / O objetivo desta dissertação é articular a escuta e transferência de um paciente em análise e a teoria psicanalítica, especialmente no que tange aos conceitos de recalque, recusa e dissociação do ego. Para tanto, ela aborda um caso clínico que suscita questionamentos, à medida que revela à analista conteúdos que indicam a presença de mecanismos recalcadores e recusatórios simultaneamente, e, por conseqüência, aponta uma pluralidade diagnóstica, mais especificamente, para a perversão, neurose e neurose narcísica. A partir dos conteúdos teóricos trabalhados, surgem tais possibilidades de significação para os observáveis na clínica, assim como alternativas terapêuticas

O presente trabalho se ocupa das questões relativas à noção de estrutura no escopo teórico da psicanálise de Jacques Lacan (1901-1981), em específico sobre o objeto de estudo definido por estruturas clínicas, segundo a divisão clássica neurose, perversão e psicose. A questão que norteou a pesquisa foi: Como definir a noção de estruturas clínicas na obra lacaniana? Diante da hipótese de permanência teórica do conjunto estrutural na obra de Lacan, o objetivo da tese foi definir as estruturas clínicas por meio da correlação de tais conjuntos com os três registros Real, Simbólico e Imaginário (RSI) e suas escritas topológicas pelos enodamentos possíveis do Nó-borromeano. O método proposto foi estruturado em quatro capítulos: (1) Análise das bordas epistemológicas para o conceito de estrutura em Lacan, desde o estruturalismo, com a linguística com Ferdinand de Saussure (1857-1913) e Roman O. Jakobson (1896-1982), a antropologia com Claude Lévi-Strauss (1908-2009) e a lógica e a matemática com Aristóteles (384 a.c. -322 a.c.), Gottlob Frege (1848 1925) e indicações gerais da topologia; (2) Proposição da noção de estruturas clínicas, a partir das três principais teorias da constituição do sujeito em Lacan, teoria do estádio do espelho (1949 1964), teoria do complexo de édipo (1950-1970) e teoria da alienação (1964 1970), das quais é possível extrair as indicações dos três registros RSI; (3) Desenvolvimento das operações primordiais Bejahung e Verwerfung - de inscrição no campo da linguagem e seus efeitos de retorno em operadores estruturais específicos a cada conjunto, tais quais na divisão ser, sujeito e eu na montagem da estrutura pelo corte significante; (4) Considerações sobre os arranjos particulares definidos por neurose - o efeito do suporte simbólico ao significante, perversão - posição de recobrimento Imaginário do objeto e psicose - a função imaginária de borda para o Real. Portanto, a tese defendida está pautada numa proposição estrutural da subjetividade pela articulação de operações fundamentais de inscrição no campo da linguagem, e de operadores específicos pela amarração dos três registros RSI, escritos nos enodamentos do Nó-Borromeu RSI, que se atualizam sob transferência enquanto hipótese diagnóstica na particularidade de um tratamento / The present work deals with the questions related to the notion of structure in the theoretical scope of the psychoanalysis of Jacques Lacan (1901-1981), specifically on the object of study defined as clinical structures, according to the classic neurosis, perversion and psychosis division. The question that guided the research was: How to define the notion of clinical structures in the Lacanian work? In view of the hypothesis of theoretical permanence of the structural set in Lacan\'s work, the aim of this thesis was to define the clinical structures by means of the correlation of such sets with the three registers Real, Symbolic and Imaginary (RSI) and their topological writings by the possible intertwinement of the Borromean knot. The proposed method is structured in four chapters: (1) Analysis of epistemological edges to the concept of structure in Lacan, from the structuralism, with Linguistics with Ferdinand de Saussure (1857-1913) and Roman O. Jakobson (1896-1982), anthropology with Claude Lévi-Strauss (1908-2009) and logics and mathematics with Aristotle (384 BC-322 BC), Gottlob Frege (1848-1925) as well as General topology; (2) Proposal of the concept of clinical structures, from the three main theories of the constitution of the subject in Lacan, theory of the mirror stage (1949 1964), theory of the Oedipus complex (1950-1970) and theory of alienation (1964-1970), from which it is possible to extract the indications of three registers RSI; (3) The development of main operations - Bejahung and Verwerfung - on the inscription in the field of language and their returning effects on specific structural operators to each set, such as in the division being, subject and I in the assembly of the structure by the signifier cutting; (4) Consideration of the particular arrangements defined as neurosis - the effect in the symbolic support to the signifier, perversion - position of the imaginary object covering and, psychosis - the imaginary function of edge for the Real. Therefore, the thesis defended is based on a structural proposition of subjectivity by the articulation of fundamental operations of inscription in the field of language, and of specific operators in the tying of the three RSI registers, written in the intertwinements of the Node-Borromeo RSI, that are updated under transfer while diagnostic hypothesis in the particularity of a treatment

Abstract not available

The subject of this dissertation is the representation of temporality, trauma and sexuality in Antanas Škėma’s fiction. The chapter “Temporal structures” examines temporal order in the writer’s novella “Isaac” according to Genettes narratology. The analysis reveals deliberately inserted mechanisms in the construction of the text, which disrupt the narrative investigation. A survey of temporal structures exposes invented events in the text and the definitions of “factual reality” and “imaginary reality” are introduced. The narrative analysis results in a hypothesis that Škėma’s text has been constructed as an imitation of human memory and as a representation of the factual reality outside the text. The chapters “Representation of trauma” and “Representation of sexual perversion” use Freud’s trauma theory and sexual theory as a method. Trauma appears to constitute the construction of the narrator and his urge to distort temporal links between the narrative and the story. When the narrator in Škėma’s “Isaac” focuses on the depiction of sexually perverted consciousness, the text affects the reader by forcing him to break off his horizons of expectation. The depiction of rape in Škėma’s fiction links the themes of sexuality and power and of sexuality and trauma. The writer detaches the representation of sexuality from the definition of love: sexuality, portrayed in the analyzed texts, appears to create its own norms. This is one of many ways to transform the depiction of sexual perversion into a social norm in Škėma’s narrative. The chapter “Škėma’s Autobiography and literary critics” provides a re-reading of the writer’s autobiography and his journalistic texts. The chapter ”Publication and reception of Škėma’s fiction” provides a compiled reading of earlier research and a survey of the writer’s books published in exile.

La clinique de l'enfant en situation de handicap est une clinique très complexe. Les défenses psychiques mises en place par les familles et plus particulièrement par les mères pour faire face à la souffrance engendrée par le handicap rendent les relations transférentielles très difficiles à mettre en place. Les principales observations mettent en évidence des faits cliniques qui apparaissent avec une certaine fréquence dans la plupart des familles : omniprésence de la mère autour de la prise en charge de l'enfant et disparition du père symbolique du dispositif familial. L'absence de tiers paternel quiest sensé symboliser la métaphore oedipienne, entraîne une attitude de la mère ambivalente à la suite de laquelle l'enfant devient une sorte d'objet de jouissance à l'instar du fétiche pour le pervers. Sans altérité, sans tiers, faire le deuil du diagnostic devient bien souvent impossible et cela entraîne souvent un déni du handicap accompagné de l'apparition d'un discours teinté de persécution et d'une rivalité entre les différentes personnes qui gravitent autour de l'enfant et les mères. À l'instar de l'enfant unique qui, à la naissance d'un petit frère, peut régresser psycho-affectivement (ex : il était propre, il redevient sale) la mère à la suite du traumatisme engendré par l'annonce du handicap subirait une régression psychique causée par l'effondrement de l'idéal que l'enfant en situation handicap mental produit chez la mère. Cette thèse veut démontrer que ces attitudes sont, selon nous, le fruit d'un bouleversement principalement surmoïque. Nous avons voulu aborder cette thèse sous l'angle du Surmoi car nous pensons qu'aucune clinique comme celle de l'enfant en situation de handicap ne nous confronte autant à cette notion de critique, censure et jugement pour départager le normal du pathologique.Nous avons émis l'hypothèse que suite à l'annonce du handicap, la mère normalement pacifiée par le Surmoi paternel oedipien (le Surmoi Freudien), basculerait dans un positionnement surmoïque pré-oedipien (le Surmoi Lacanien etKleinien). À travers une étude du concept de Surmoi et la mise en lien avec le féminin nous nous proposons, par le biais de cette thèse, de faire des liens entre la clinique et la théorie. Plusieurs vignettes cliniques viendront étayer nos propos et in fine, nous décrirons notre démarche clinique thérapeutique qui vise à la ré-introduction du tiers paternel symbolique et de permettre à la mère de faire le chemin inverse.