The inquiry of this essay is to examine the expression of evil in fantasy literature with a special focus on J.K. Rowlings’ Harry Potter and The Philosopher’s stone and Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, but also C.S. Lewis’ Narnia the Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe, and Narnia the Last Battle. The purpose is to illuminate different depictions of evil in the books and reflect what these depictions can tell us about evil in our contemporary context. With this essay I want to show how world views are present in fantasy literature with a special focus on the portrayal of evil and its significance for the understanding of the narrative. I mean that the understanding and depiction of evil is a universal problem and an existential issue of relevance to world views.

This paper examines how femininity is portrayed in the Harry Potter-series. Many female characters display certain feminine traits which are deemed as negative in the novels, and they are treated as less than because of it. Specifically Dolores Umbridge, Fleur Delacour and Luna Lovegood are disliked or ridiculed because of their feminine expressions. With help from theories about gender performativity, femininity as a scapegoat and texts about feminity this essay is demonstrating how the characters' characteristics and actions of three characters contributes to a misogynistic portrayal of women. It argues that female characters are unable to succeed unless they conform to the series' established norms for women. Keywords: Harry Potter, femininity, performativity, gender norms, gender critical, Dolores Umbridge, Fleur Delacour, Luna Lovegood

The purpose of the study is to highlight the possibilities that Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone can contribute to in the value-based work in teaching, as well as how the content can be used as a tool in teaching. This is with the hope that it will lead to an increased understanding and interest among teachers in how children’s and youth literature and value-based work can be combined. The study is a qualitative literature analysis based on Nikolajeva’s (2017) narratological literature analysis model. In the selection of literature, Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (2014) was chosen, which was the Harry Potter novel that was easiest for the author to access. The study’s analysis highlights three different subcategories: social responsibility, inclusion and exclusion, and laws and regulations. The result of the analysis shows that the book contains several events that can be related to the basic values ​​in the value base. Among other things, various scenarios emerge that students can relate to such things as exclusion, social community, and dilemmas. The study also shows that some rule violations can be related to what is morally right. The content of the book can contribute to the value-based work in teaching through the various events, which can be linked to students’ identifying with the story and which similarities and differences exist between the world in the novel and the real one. The content of the book can also be sued as a pedagogical tool, in that its content can capture students’ interest, which can lead to an increase in motivation. Important conclusions from this study are that Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone can be useful for value-based work, and also children’s and youth literature in general can be useful in teaching. / Studiens syfte är att belysa vilka möjligheter Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone kan bidra till i värdegrundsarbetet i undervisningen, samt hur innehållet kan användas som pedagogiskt redskap. Detta med förhoppningen om att det ska leda till en ökad förståelse och intresse bland lärare om hur barn- och ungdomslitteratur och värdegrundsarbetet kan kombineras. Studien är en kvalitativ litteraturanalys som utgår från Nikolajevas (2017) narratologiska litteraturanalysmodell. I urvalet rörande litteratur valdes Harry Potter and the Philospher’s Stone (2014) som var den enklaste romanen i serien för författaren att få tillgång till. Studiens analys belyser tre olika subkategorier: socialt ansvar, inkludering och exkludering och lagar och regler. Resultatet av analysen visar att boken innehåller flera händelser som kan relateras till de grundläggande värdena i värdegrunden. Det framkommer bland annat olika scenarion som elever kan relatera till som utanförskap, social gemenskap och dilemman. Studien visar även på att vissa regelbrott kan vara relaterade till vad som är moraliskt rätt. Bokens innehåll kan bidra till värdegrundsarbetet i undervisningen genom de olika händelserna, som kan kopplas till elevernas igenkänning och vilka likheter och skillnader som finns mellan Harry Potter världen och den riktiga. Innehållet i boken kan också bidra som ett pedagogiskt redskap, genom att dess innehåll kan fånga elevers intresse som kan leda till att motivationen ökar. Viktiga slutsatser med denna studie är att Harry Potter and the Philospher’s Stone kan vara användbar för värdegrundsarbetet, och även barn- och ungdomslitteratur överlag kan vara användbart i undervisningen.

<p>The literature on J. K. Rowling’s Harry Potter is prolific. People have written on various topics dealing with issues such as translation, etymology and diverse areas concerning the language. In this essay, I examine whether linguistic features such as reporting verbs, adverbs of manner and adjectives contribute to the depiction of heroic and villainous characters. Before conducting this research, my assumptions were that there would be a great difference in the value of the words depending on the character they were associated with. I wanted to see if the heroic characters used verbs and adverbs with positive connotations, and the villainous characters verbs and adverbs with negative connotations. I also wanted to know if the adjectives describing the characters could, in themselves, clearly indicate whether a character was a hero or a villain.</p><p>The results of my research suggested that the choice of particular verbs and adverbs contributed only indirectly to the depiction of the characters. Without context, it was not possible to know if the character was a hero or a villain simply by identifying the verbs and adverbs used to describe their speech. By contrast, the choice of particular adjectives did appear to indicate more clearly whether a character was hero or villain. Finally, the results of my research indicated that context, rather than the use of particular linguistic features was often the most important factor in contributing to the portrayal of characters in the novel.</p>

In the field of research within film studies which consider how aspects such as gender or race affect the portrayal of a character, the aspect of characters' body sizes are not always taken into account. By analysing the fat characters in the popular children's and young adult film series about Harry Potter, I bring attention to the fact that the use of stereotypes is significant in these characterisations, and further contributes to the marginalisation of this particular group of people. I looked specifically at what the characters had in common with each other, and if they adhered to already established stereotypes concerning fat people, and found that the one thing they all share is a lack of academic or intellectual skill to varying degrees, which is in line with the common stereotypes of fat people as dumb. I further analysed the differences between the fat men and fat women in the series, and found that fat men were a far more common occurrence than fat women, and that fat girls did not even exist in these stories. This is not surprising, as the exclusion of fat women and girls is abundant in mainstream culture.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:38:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 429729.pdf: 821152 bytes, checksum: c52a3d49f79f31c9eb048fe2b15635c0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-01-10 / Esse estudo tem por objetivo discutir a relev?ncia da leitura da literatura na forma??o humana, bem como a import?ncia de se abordar textos liter?rios no ambiente escolar atrav?s de um trabalho diferenciado e significativo. Assim, busca uma proposta que, partindo dos interesses de leitura dos alunos, possa lev?-los a se desenvolverem intelectualmente e virem a ler textos mais complexos. Nesse sentido, analisa o caso da s?rie Harry Potter, considerando caracter?sticas, aspectos e motivos principais dessa obra, pass?veis de provocar identifica??o do p?blico pr?-adolescente e adolescente. Al?m disso, discute o benef?cio da leitura de textos can?nicos e a possibilidade de utilizar a s?rie como meio de introduzi-los. Na sequ?ncia, apresenta uma proposta de trabalho com sugest?es de atividades e discuss?es para cada um dos sete volumes da s?rie que possibilitem aos alunos lidarem com uma variada gama de temas e estrat?gias comunicativas, culminando com o desenvolvimento detalhado de duas das propostas.

Vespidae possui aproximadamente 5000 espécies, sendo 3500 dessas são eumeníneos. Zethus é o maior gênero de Eumeninae, com mais de 250 espécies no mundo. Atualmente, encontra-se dividido em quatro subgêneros: Z. (Zethus), Z. (Zethusculus), Z. (Zethoides) e Z. (Madecazethus). Z. (Zethoides), com 42 espécies, se destaca por construir ninhos expostos e apresentar comportamento subsocial. Essas espécies encontram-se divididas em oito grupos, cada qual uma unidade filogenética natural que, porém, foram criados sem qualquer análise filogenética. Exemplares de 18 espécies de Z. (Zethoides), correspondentes aos grupos foram examinadas junto com terminais de outras linhagens de Zethus, Zethini e Eumeninae para elaboração de uma análise cladística afim de averiguar as divisões elaboradas. Todos os grupos de espécies foram recuperados como monofiléticos, exceto Z. bilgumis, que é parafilético em relação ao grupo Z. clypearis. Z. (Zethoides), apesar de monofilético, junto com Z. (Madecazethus), situa-se dentro de Zethus s. s. Z. (Zethusculus) também não foi recuperado como monofilético. Zethus é parafilético em relação aCtenochilus. Assim, o grupo Z. clypearisnão foi recuperado e seus integrantes pertencem agora ao grupo Z. biglumis, e as seguinte sinonímias serão propostas: Ctenochilus (=Zethus); Z. (Madecazethus) (=Z. (Zethus)); Z. (Zethoides) (=Z. (Zethus)). / Vespidae has approximately 5000 species, of which 3500 are eumenines. Zethus is the largest genus in Eumeninae, with over 250 species. Currently, it is divided in four subgenera: Z. (Zethus), Z. (Zethusculus), Z. (Zethoides) and Z. (Madecazethus). Z. (Zethoides), with 42 species, stands out for building exposed nests and presenting subsocial behavior. These species are further divided in eight groups, each considered a phylogenetic unit that were created without any phylogenetic analysis. Eighteen species of Z. (Zethoides) corresponding to different groups were examined, altogether with terminals fromdistict lineages of Zethus, Zethini and Eumenine, in order to elaborate a cladistics analysis to verify the proposed divisions. All species groups were monophyletic except for the Z. biglumis group, that is paraphyletic in relation to the Z. clypearis group. Z. (Zethoides), although monophyletic as Z. (Madecazethus), is placed within Zethus s. s. Z. (Zethusculus) was also retrieved paraphyletic. Thus, the Z. clypearis group is dismantled, and its integrates are incorporated in the Z. biglumis group. Also, the following synonymies will be proposed: Ctenochilus (=Zethus); Z. (Madecazethus) (=Z. (Zethus)); Z. (Zethoides) (=Z. (Zethus)).

<p>Denna uppsats fokus ligger på den praktik inom socialt arbete där kategorier produceras, upprätthålls, modifieras och bryts. Huvudsyftet har varit att studera professionell retorik i relation till det kategoriseringsarbete som sker inom välfärdsstatliga miljöer. En diskursanalytisk metod har valts som grund i form av en kategoriseringsanalys. De teoretiska förutsättningarna har varit poststrukturalism, social konstruktionism och diskurspsykologi och mer specificerat i form av institutionell kategorisering, medan Jonathans Potters (1996) metodologiska retoriska verktyg kring faktakonstruktion tillämpats för att analysera hur respondenterna framställt sina utsagor som trovärdiga och faktamässiga.</p><p>Addiction Severity Index (ASI) manualen har använts som utgångspunkt för insamlandet av empiri, men även som ett sätt att försöka fånga in professionell hjälpverksamhets generella ambition att standardisera och säkra sitt arbetssätt. Sammanlagt har tio yrkesverksamma professionella hjälpare som aktivt använts sig av ASI manualen i sitt dagliga arbete intervjuats, dessa kom även från en och samma institution.</p><p>Analysresultatet visar att de professionella hjälparna beskriver två olika huvudkategorier som relevanta för deras verksamhet, nämligen sexualbrottslingen och missbrukaren. Kategorierna skildras även på vitt skilda sätt avseende motivation, vilja och samarbete, där olika moralarbeten leder till att de professionella hjälparna agerar mot sexualbrottslingen och missbrukaren på skilda sätt. Det som stått på spel i intervjusituationen har varit professionalitet, moralarbete och säkerhet inom välfärdsstatliga miljöer. Där de professionella hjälparna byggt upp sina påstående så att de kan hantera dessa frågor, både för att kunna styrka sin professionalitet inför sig själva och inför mig som forskare, men även för att visa att de kan hantera frågor kring moral och ansvar och att arbetet de utför är säkert ur ett klientperspektiv, dvs. att besluten som tas grundas på säkra bedömningar och omdömen från de professionella hjälparnas sida.</p>

<p>My intentions with this essay has been to examine the World in which the story of J. K. Rowlings Harry Potter takes place, the structure, narrative and restrictions, in order to place the suite of novels in the tradition of the Fantasy genre. Since the release of the first book Harry Potter has become a household name, possibly more than any other contemporary literature written for children. Various readings concerning gender, etymological, linguistic aspects and so forth have been done, and in most cases the books are placed in the genre of Fantasy without distinguishing what in fact makes the novels Fantasy. I wanted to see which specific sectors of the books that place them in the genre, and, assuming that it would in fact fit into the Fantasy genre, in which ways it diverges from the tradition of the genre in means of the structure of the world/s of the story. I also looked at the faults in the logic within the novels to see if the inconsistencies in the rules of the world have an impact on the agency of the story.</p><p>I found the novels to be a part of the fantasy tradition, not only by having many intertextual relations and similar features to other fantasy-novels but also in the fundament of the story, its basic conditions such as the supernatural elements and the hidden places in the world of the books. The minor inconstancies that I found where to small to disrupt the narrative, and the fact that some of the aspects of the books drift slightly away from the logic of the world within the story have reasonable explanations such as making the story easier to relate to.</p>

Denna uppsats fokus ligger på den praktik inom socialt arbete där kategorier produceras, upprätthålls, modifieras och bryts. Huvudsyftet har varit att studera professionell retorik i relation till det kategoriseringsarbete som sker inom välfärdsstatliga miljöer. En diskursanalytisk metod har valts som grund i form av en kategoriseringsanalys. De teoretiska förutsättningarna har varit poststrukturalism, social konstruktionism och diskurspsykologi och mer specificerat i form av institutionell kategorisering, medan Jonathans Potters (1996) metodologiska retoriska verktyg kring faktakonstruktion tillämpats för att analysera hur respondenterna framställt sina utsagor som trovärdiga och faktamässiga. Addiction Severity Index (ASI) manualen har använts som utgångspunkt för insamlandet av empiri, men även som ett sätt att försöka fånga in professionell hjälpverksamhets generella ambition att standardisera och säkra sitt arbetssätt. Sammanlagt har tio yrkesverksamma professionella hjälpare som aktivt använts sig av ASI manualen i sitt dagliga arbete intervjuats, dessa kom även från en och samma institution. Analysresultatet visar att de professionella hjälparna beskriver två olika huvudkategorier som relevanta för deras verksamhet, nämligen sexualbrottslingen och missbrukaren. Kategorierna skildras även på vitt skilda sätt avseende motivation, vilja och samarbete, där olika moralarbeten leder till att de professionella hjälparna agerar mot sexualbrottslingen och missbrukaren på skilda sätt. Det som stått på spel i intervjusituationen har varit professionalitet, moralarbete och säkerhet inom välfärdsstatliga miljöer. Där de professionella hjälparna byggt upp sina påstående så att de kan hantera dessa frågor, både för att kunna styrka sin professionalitet inför sig själva och inför mig som forskare, men även för att visa att de kan hantera frågor kring moral och ansvar och att arbetet de utför är säkert ur ett klientperspektiv, dvs. att besluten som tas grundas på säkra bedömningar och omdömen från de professionella hjälparnas sida.