The issue accessibility to the disable people has been reason of great debate in some segments of the society, mainly to the economic sector. In the specific case of transportation, either urban or interurban, there are adequacies necessary to make it accessible, mainly to the disable people. The general objective of this work was to analyze the accessibility of the people with physical disability in the urban public transportation regarding the fulfillment of the laws and technical regulations related to the subject. The specific objective was to evaluate the accessibility of the public transportation service offered by the city of Uberlândia, Brazil using the results from a survey with disable users. In addition, physical spaces were observed, beginning with the sidewalks, which are used for the trips by foot, as well as equipments and vehicles used in the deployment of the public transportation service. In the public transportation system of the city of Uberlândia, Brazil it was verified what was already deployed, how was it working and if the service is in according to the existing laws. In the end, some directions were presented for orientation of the administrators and operators in the deployment and adjustment of the service. It is expected that this work provides to the readers a better understanding of the necessities of a public transportation that can be used by any person, despite of his/her physical condition, making possible the creation of a critical visualization by public administrators and operators in the execution of projects for the deployment and adaptation of urban public transportation systems with autonomy and safety to passengers. / O tema acessibilidade de pessoas com deficiência tem sido motivo de grande polêmica nos vários segmentos da sociedade, principalmente perante o setor econômico. No caso específico do transporte coletivo, seja ele urbano ou interurbano, muitas são as adequações necessárias para torná-lo acessível, principalmente para as pessoas portadoras de deficiência. O objetivo geral deste trabalho foi analisar a acessibilidade das pessoas com deficiência física no transporte coletivo urbano com referência ao cumprimento das leis e normas técnicas. Como objetivo específico fez-se uma avaliação da acessibilidade no serviço de transporte público da cidade de Uberlândia, MG por meio de pesquisas com usuários portadores de deficiência. Além disso, foram observados os espaços, a partir das calçadas públicas, que são utilizadas para o transporte a pé, bem como equipamentos e veículos utilizados na prestação do serviço de transporte coletivo. No sistema de transporte coletivo da cidade de Uberlândia foi verificado o que já foi implantado, como funciona e se o serviço está adequado às leis existentes. Ao final, foram apresentadas algumas diretrizes para orientação dos profissionais fiscalizadores e operadores do transporte coletivo na implantação e complementação do serviço. Espera-se que este trabalho proporcione aos leitores maior entendimento das necessidades de um transporte coletivo que possa ser utilizado por qualquer pessoa, independentemente da sua condição física, além de possibilitar a visualização crítica dos administradores públicos e operadores na elaboração de projetos para a implantação e complementação de sistemas de transporte urbano de passageiros com autonomia e segurança. / Mestre em Engenharia Civil

Esta pesquisa tem como principal objeto de estudo os repertórios de ação e mobilização utilizados durante e ao redor da Ocupação da Câmara de Vereadores de Porto Alegre (10-18 de julho de 2013). A partir da experiência etnográfica e do engajamento militante no Bloco de Lutas pelo Transporte Público, busca-se compreender de que formas o Bloco se organizou e quais são os valores que nortearam esta organização. Ao mesmo tempo, atenta-se para os sujeitos responsáveis por essas práticas e por esses meios, procurando identificar as redes sociais que os aproximam e suas trajetórias de vida. Assembleias, atos, comissões, ocupações, redes sociais e cine-debates servem para analisar as disputas dentro do Bloco de Lutas e ao redor da Ocupação da Câmara de Vereadores de Porto Alegre. É priorizado o recorte etnográfico e o diálogo com outros autores que pensam as práticas de governo e os sentidos das políticas nesses tempos e nesses espaços. Finalmente, identificam-se as divergências estratégicas como o principal problema do Bloco, as ocupações como uma forma de ação coletiva integral e a potencialidade da antropologia pública e das camadas de autoria. / This research has as its main object of study the repertoires of action and mobilization used in and around the Occupation of the City Council of Porto Alegre (10-18 July 2013). From the ethnographic experience and militant engagement in the Fight Block for Public Transportation, we seek to understand what this Block was organized like, and what values are the ones that guided this organization. Meanwhile, we focused on the subjects responsible for these practices and means, trying to identify social networks that link them and their life trajectories. Meetings, acts, commissions, occupations, social networks and cine-debates served to analyze disputes within the Fight Block and about the Occupation of the City Council of Porto Alegre. It is prioritized the ethnographic research and dialogue with other authors who think government practices and senses of policies in these times and spaces. Finally, it identifies the strategic divergences as the main problem of the Block, the occupations as a form of full collective action and the potential of public anthropology and authory layers.

Esta pesquisa tem como principal objeto de estudo os repertórios de ação e mobilização utilizados durante e ao redor da Ocupação da Câmara de Vereadores de Porto Alegre (10-18 de julho de 2013). A partir da experiência etnográfica e do engajamento militante no Bloco de Lutas pelo Transporte Público, busca-se compreender de que formas o Bloco se organizou e quais são os valores que nortearam esta organização. Ao mesmo tempo, atenta-se para os sujeitos responsáveis por essas práticas e por esses meios, procurando identificar as redes sociais que os aproximam e suas trajetórias de vida. Assembleias, atos, comissões, ocupações, redes sociais e cine-debates servem para analisar as disputas dentro do Bloco de Lutas e ao redor da Ocupação da Câmara de Vereadores de Porto Alegre. É priorizado o recorte etnográfico e o diálogo com outros autores que pensam as práticas de governo e os sentidos das políticas nesses tempos e nesses espaços. Finalmente, identificam-se as divergências estratégicas como o principal problema do Bloco, as ocupações como uma forma de ação coletiva integral e a potencialidade da antropologia pública e das camadas de autoria. / This research has as its main object of study the repertoires of action and mobilization used in and around the Occupation of the City Council of Porto Alegre (10-18 July 2013). From the ethnographic experience and militant engagement in the Fight Block for Public Transportation, we seek to understand what this Block was organized like, and what values are the ones that guided this organization. Meanwhile, we focused on the subjects responsible for these practices and means, trying to identify social networks that link them and their life trajectories. Meetings, acts, commissions, occupations, social networks and cine-debates served to analyze disputes within the Fight Block and about the Occupation of the City Council of Porto Alegre. It is prioritized the ethnographic research and dialogue with other authors who think government practices and senses of policies in these times and spaces. Finally, it identifies the strategic divergences as the main problem of the Block, the occupations as a form of full collective action and the potential of public anthropology and authory layers.

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No. of bitstreams: 1 20180705 - Operacoes-Marmo-Dissertacao_final.pdf: 4751437 bytes, checksum: aa09035b7b8668a465698d55769d6bfc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-06-13 / O presente estudo trata o tema sobre estratégias para o gerenciamento da capacidade e demanda em serviços de transportes que possuem restrições de capacidade e limitações operacionais. Nesse sentido, apresenta e discute as diferentes práticas encontradas na literatura com a aplicação específica em um sistema aquaviário de transporte de passageiros no estado de São Paulo. Para tanto, utilizou como modelo a análise do eventual impacto da aplicação de tais práticas de gestão da capacidade e demanda nos serviços oferecidos. Atualmente, o desequilíbrio entre oferta e demanda e a falta de incentivos para a diversificação da matriz modal de transportes nos grandes centros urbanos acabam impactando diretamente na qualidade dos serviços de transportes prestados em todos os modais. O sistema aquaviário de transporte de passageiros do estado de São Paulo não destoa do cenário nacional descrito, em que a diferença entre oferta e demanda acaba por sobrecarregá-lo em rotas específicas e causa redução na qualidade do serviço prestado, dessa forma, traduzindo-se em extensas filas aos usuários. Considerando as particularidades da oferta e demanda do serviço de balsas, bem como o elevado custo fixo e a estrutura tarifária pouco flexível, surgiu o seguinte questionamento desta pesquisa: como a aplicação de estratégias específicas de gestão da capacidade e demanda pode impactar na qualidade percebida pelos usuários de uma rota do sistema de travessias litorâneas? Objetivando, então, alcançar uma resposta, este estudo intencionou compreender quais estratégias poderiam impactar na qualidade percebida pelos usuários, com enfoque no tempo de espera, de uma rota específica do sistema. Para isso, o trabalho adotou uma abordagem qualitativa, baseada na estratégia de estudo de caso aplicado, fundamentada pela análise de documentos do sistema de travessias litorâneas e análise de conteúdo das entrevistas. O resultado do estudo indicou quais estratégias podem apresentar um impacto positivo na qualidade da rota, com redução do tempo de fila, além de individuar eventuais desafios, restrições e práticas que auxiliem na futura aplicação dessas estratégias. / The present study aims to address strategies for capacity and demand management in transportation services which have restrictions and operational limitations. It presents and discusses the different practices found in literature with specific application to a passengers waterway transportation system in São Paulo State. For this, it uses as model the impact’s analysis of such practices application of capacity and demand management in the offered services. Nowadays, the unbalance between supply and demand plus lack of incentives to diversify the modal matrix of transport in large urban centers, have a direct impact on transport services quality provided in all modal. The waterway passengers transportation system of São Paulo State does not deviate from described national scenario, where the difference between supply and demand end up overloading it on specific routes, causing service’s quality reduction and translating into extensive queues to users. Considering the particularities of supply and demand of ferries’ service, as well as the high fixed cost and the inflexible tariff structure, emerged the following question of this study: how the specifics strategies application from capacity and demand management can impact the quality perceived by users of a coastal crossing system route? In order to reach an answer, this study aimed to understand which strategies could impact the quality perceived by users, focusing on waiting time, in an specific route of the system. For this, the work adopted a qualitative approach, based on the strategy of applied case study, grounded on documental analysis of the coastal crossing system and interviews content analysis. The outcome of the study indicated which strategies may have a positive impact on route quality, with a reduction in queuing time, besides identifying possible challenges, restrictions and practices that may help in future application of these strategies.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Everyday women are harassed while accessing public spaces. However, this harassment is mistakenly regarded as a compliment or “getting hit on”. Within this background, it is possible to show how the genre differences are orchestrated in order to produce inequalities while sharing public spaces. This essay aims to understand how the naturalization of sexual harassment may affect women’s lives, and how society reacts in sexual harassment situations. The main question asked: what enables harassment on women? In order to answer that, I collected several testimonies of women who were suffered harassment episodes while using Aracaju’s public transportation system. Also, through field report and passenger interviews, I aim to identify if such conduct is recognized as inappropriate. / Cotidianamente as mulheres são assediadas ao acessarem o espaço público. No entanto essa conduta é naturalizada e entendida como “cantada” ou elogio. Diante disso é possível indicar como as diferenças de gênero são articuladas para produzir desigualdades no compartilhamento do espaço público. Assim, esta dissertação objetiva compreender como a naturalização do assédio sexual pode afetar a vida das mulheres e, como a sociedade reage diante de tais situações de violência sexual. Colocando-se como questão central: o que possibilita as mulheres serem assediadas? Para tanto, vali-me de relatos de mulheres que passaram por experiências de assédio sexual no transporte público de Aracaju. Além disso, através das observações em campo e das entrevistas com os passageiros, pretende-se identificar se essa conduta é reconhecida como inadequada. / São Cristóvão, SE

A presente pesquisa analisará as características das políticas de transporte coletivo no Município de São Paulo, entre os anos de 2001 e 2010. Partindo do entendimento do modelo de desenvolvimento urbano vigente, o qual priorizou o transporte privado sobre rodas, individual, além de um perfil sócio-espacial segregador procuraremos definir quais foram as principais ações realizadas neste setor, considerando: a evolução histórica das políticas de transporte a partir do início do século XX; principais políticas públicas de transporte a partir de 2001 (implementações de corredores de ônibus, integração de modais, implantação de bilhete único etc); análise das repercussões destas políticas na dinâmica concreta da mobilidade urbana. Também pretendemos interpretar as relações das administrações municipais que governaram a cidade nesse período (gestão Marta Suplicy 2001 - 2004 - gestão José Serra/Gilberto Kassab 2005 - 2008 - e gestão Gilberto Kassab 2009 - 2010) com os principais agentes urbanos envolvidos (elite política municipal, empresários e empreendedores urbanos, sociedade civil e usuários de transportes públicos e privados, principalmente) e outros grupos de interesse, analisando de que maneira e por meio de quais instrumentos as políticas públicas de mobilidade urbana foram desenvolvidas. / This research aims to analyze the characteristics of collective transportation policies in São Paulo, between 2001 and 2010. Based on the understanding of the current urban development model, which gave priority to individual and private transport on wheels, as well as a socio-spatial segregated role - we will try to define what were the main actions undertaken in this sector, considering: the historical evolution of transport policies from the early twentieth century, major public transport policy since 2001 (implementation of bus corridors, modal integration, implementation of the Bilhete Único ticket etc.), analysis of the impact of these policies on the dynamics of the urban mobility. We also intend to interpret the relationships between the municipal administrations that governed the city during this period (governments of Suplicy - 2001 2004, Serra / Gilberto Kassab - 2005 2008, and Gilberto Kassab - from 2009 to 2010) with the main agents involved with the urban dynamics (municipal political elite, businessmen and urban entrepreneurs, civil society and users of public and private transport, mainly) and other interest groups, analyzing how and through which instruments the urban mobility public policies have been developed.

Le réseau des transports urbains lyonnais est exploité par la Compagnie des omnibus et tramways de Lyon (OTL), société anonyme fondée en 1879. Comme toutes les entreprises de service public, l’OTL octroie à certains de ses salariés, les « titulaires », des garanties d’emploi et des avantages sociaux en avance sur la législation. Grâce à des normes dans l’organisation du travail, la plupart des titulaires ont un emploi du temps et des affectations préétablis. Toutes ces dispositions sont définies dans des contrats collectifs de travail résultant de négociations avec le puissant syndicat cégétiste, au cours desquelles interviennent fréquemment les collectivités locales, ville de Lyon et département du Rhône.Mais l’OTL doit adapter ses effectifs aux variations de la charge de travail et cherche à réduire les dépenses de personnel. Elle définit dès le début du XXe siècle des formes de flexibilité qui s’articulent autour des rythmes, des temps et des postes de travail. Jusqu'en 1949, tous les salariés sont embauchés avec des contrats où se combinent durées déterminées ou indéterminées de l’emploi avec le travail à temps partiel ou à temps plein, avant d'obtenir éventuellement une place plus stable : les « auxiliaires » travaillent uniquement le dimanche, ou bien les jours de semaine mais uniquement selon les besoins du service et peuvent être licenciés sans indemnité. La flexibilité affecte aussi les titulaires, essentiellement au début de leur carrière.Des tendances fortes se dégagent. Premièrement, la conceptualisation et la sophistication des formes de flexibilité sont concomitantes de la construction du statut des titulaires. Deuxièmement, les normes temporelles du travail sont de plus en plus complexes. Troisièmement, la main-d’œuvre se partage entre des titulaires qui restent trente ans dans l’entreprise et de très nombreux auxiliaires ou titulaires présents quelques semaines seulement, démissionnaires à cause des salaires médiocres et des conditions de travail mauvaises. / The public transportation system of Lyons – France’s second most populous city, is operated by the Compagnie des omnibus et tramways de Lyon (OTL). This private corporation was founded in 1879. In common with all French public service companies, OTL pre-empted employment legislation by providing employment guarantees and social benefits for certain grades employees, the “incumbents”. Thanks to working rules, most of incumbents, employees with set schedule and assignement, were able to forecast forthcoming hours or working places. All these measures were defined in the collective agreements which OTL entered into with the strong union and the local authorities – the city of Lyons and the département du Rhône.But OTL also had to adapt its workforce to the numbers of passengers conveyed and kilometers covered against a background of wild workload fluctuations and sought to reduce costs. So as early as the dawn of the 20th century the OTL company defined flexible working practices built around working paces, times and occupations. Until 1949, all staff was hired with employment contracts that combined open or fixed-term contracts with part-time or full-time work, before they possibly were offered a more stable post: the “casuals” were hired to work only on Sundays or weekdays on an as needs basis and could be fired without compensation. Internal flexibility also affected the “incumbents”, primarily at the start of their careers.Three strong trends emerge from analyzing the history of OTL personnel management. First, the conceptualization and sophistication of flexible practices were concomitant with the advent of guarantees achieved by the incumbents. Second, the temporal working rules became more and more complex. Third, the workforce was divided between incumbents who stayed in the firm thirty years and lots of casuals or incumbents who resigned because of low wages and flexibility, who worked a few weeks.

Abstract Station-nearness principles as we will discuss in this paper, deals with the coordination of urban functions with the public transportation network. When we talk about functions, we mean residences, workplaces, commercial services, entertainment venues, places of culture, etc. These functions should be high density, there should be a mix of them and they should be pedestrian friendly in nature. Effective integration of functions around train stations brings many benefits and is one of the best means by which you can increase public transport use and increase the accessibility for people in a region. More and more, cities in North America, Europe and other places, are exploring the idea of how this concept can be applied. The Copenhagen region as we will discuss, has placed station-nearness principles at the forefront of their finger plan. Since the Copenhagen region has applied these principles, they have seen clear results with increased public transit ridership, as well on the overall, an increase in the standard of living. As many places are exploring the concept, not everyplace has been able to make the concept work. When we look at Scania, the concept is under utilized to a degree. There continues to be many populated and dense areas in Scania where the coordination of urban functions with public transit is lacking. The automobile is also gaining stronger competition over public transportation; this is a concern in terms of the sustainable future and quality of life for the region. It is not always the solution to simply expand the public transportation network, rather it can be significant to explore more upon the concept of station-nearness principles so that the existing public transit network can be made more effective. It is important to compare places, see in our case study how the concept has worked in the Copenhagen region and look into why the concept is lacking in Scania, as well, what can be done to implement it more in Scania. It is also important how the Öresund region as whole, can play a role with developing the concept, as well, how the concept can benefit the Öresund region vice versa.

I examine whether Uber and Lyft are currently complements or substitutes of public transit, and how partnerships between cities and ride sharing companies can increase their complementary relationship and solve parking and mobility issues. The results suggest that transportation network companies (TNCs) like Uber and Lyft do not have a statistically significant effect on public transit ridership overall, but are complements of public transit for certain populations. Policies that give discounts for TNC rides taken to and from transit stops help solve the first mile / last mile problem, which consequently help increase transit ridership.

1 Abstract This thesis discusses rapid transit system proposals from competition of Elektrické podniky company in 1931 that had been announced due to worsening traffic situation in the metropolitan area. The first part of this thesis serves as a framework for the second part - it introduces the history of Prague and railway transport in it until the first Czechoslovak republic and thus enables easier orientation in context of this issue. The second part itself consists of review of all competitive designs and then analyzes them through research questions, which are based on particular social aspects. To each of the following aspects, there is a specific subchapter devoted: inhabitation and economically significant areas in Prague, problems with public transport, selected functions of stations, trainsets and their capacitive sufficiency and comfort, planned changes in built-up areas in Prague. These then serve as tools for comparation and final evaluation of technical solutions from historical sociological perspective. For the research analysis in second part, archive materials of Dopravní podnik hlavního města Prahy are being used as a source, supplemented by thematically relevant literature in the first part. Key words: historical sociology, history of commuting, public transportation, social functions of...