<p>Statens institut för rasbiologi i Uppsala var det första i sitt slag att öppna i världen. Statlig utsovring av undermåliga människor diskuterades på många håll men förverkligades bara i ett fåtal länder. Bland dem hörde Sverige till pionjärerna. Efter andra världskriget blev det tyst om institutet i Uppsala. Det som en gång var rikets stolthet blev nu något det inte talades öppet om. Rasbiologiska institutet lades ner 1959.</p><p>Vilka var de sista svenska forskarna att studera vid Statens institut för rasbiologi?</p><p>Vart tog de vägen? Och vad finns i dag kvar efter rasbiologiska institutet?</p>

Statens institut för rasbiologi i Uppsala var det första i sitt slag att öppna i världen. Statlig utsovring av undermåliga människor diskuterades på många håll men förverkligades bara i ett fåtal länder. Bland dem hörde Sverige till pionjärerna. Efter andra världskriget blev det tyst om institutet i Uppsala. Det som en gång var rikets stolthet blev nu något det inte talades öppet om. Rasbiologiska institutet lades ner 1959. Vilka var de sista svenska forskarna att studera vid Statens institut för rasbiologi? Vart tog de vägen? Och vad finns i dag kvar efter rasbiologiska institutet?

Nykterhetsrörelsen nyttjade rasbiologin i sin argumentation under 1900-talets första årtionden. Det fanns kopplingar mellan nykterhetsrörelsen, politiken och vetenskapen. Rasbiologin var allmänt accepterad som vetenskap. Flera av rön pekade på faror med att nyttja alkohol. I ett omfattande antal föreläsningar förmedlade nykterhetsrörelsen att alkoholen kunde orsaka degeneration genom skador på arvsanlag. Rörelsen fortsatte verka för rasbiologin på den politiska arenan. Nykterhetsrörelsen och dess företrädare i Sveriges riksdag spelade en aktiv och drivande roll för de beslut som etablerade ett statligt svensk rasbiologiskt institut 1922. / The Swedish temperance movement used race biology in arguing for it sake during the first decades of the 20th century. There were connections between the temperance movement, science and politics. Race biology was generally acccepted as science at the time. Representatives from the temperance movement claimed in public lectures that alcohol intake by parents could cause irreparable damages to their offspring and ultimately degeneration to "the race". The movement was well represented in the Swedish parliament. Their representatives were instrumental in the decisions leading to the establishment of the Swedish State Institute for Racial Biology in 1922.

No description available.

I denna uppsats ges en analys av läkaren Johan Almkvists skrift Sexuallivet i våra samhällen och möjligheten av dess förbättrande. Skriften publicerades 1942, under en tid av stora förändringar inom sexualpolitiken i Sverige. Då läkarna under denna tid fått en större vetenskaplig auktoritet även inom sexuallivet kan denna skrift ses som en representation för sin tid. Genom en analys av texten i jämförelse med samtidens samhälle påvisas en läkares tankar om förändringen gällande sexualiteten och varför en publikation av detta slag ansågs behövas. Uppsatsen undersöker vad denna läkare ansåg behövde förbättras i samhället och varför, samt hur detta skulle uppnås. Analysen är upplagd utefter de stora teman boken berör, rashygien, samhällsnytta samt könssjukdomar och sexualupplysning, teman som också var stora i samhället under denna tid. I uppsatsen framhålls hur Almkvist ansåg att sexuallivet skulle bli mindre samhällsskadligt genom att hålla sig till de skyldigheter han ställer upp. Skyldigheter som alla berör just områdena kring rashygien, samhällsnytta samt könssjukdomar och sexualupplysning.

Syftet för denna uppsats är att undersöka hur nationalism reproducerades i Sverige under 1920-talet. Uppsatsen gör detta från ett genusperspektiv genom att använda sig av Nira Yuval-Davis begrepp biologisk- och kulturell kvinnlig reproducerande av nationalism. För att kunna uppfylla uppsatsens syfte använder sig undersökningen av texter från kvinnotidskrifterna Idun och Morgonbris publicerade mellan 1919–1927, mot bakgrund av rasbiologins ökande popularitet och den ökande svenska nationalismen som detta med förde. Undersökningsfrågor som användes var (1) Hur reproducerar texterna i de valda kvinnotidskrifterna kulturell nationalism mellan 1919–1927? (2) Hur reproducerar texterna i de valda kvinnotidskrifterna biologisk nationalism mellan 1919–1927? (3) Vilka uppfattningar uttrycks om kvinnorollen i anknytning till deras svenska identiteten i biologisk respektive kulturell mening? Metoderna som används är dels en komparativ analys mellan de två tidskrifterna, dels en kvalitativ textanalys med hermeneutik som tolkningsmodell där kodning användes för att kunna utvinna relevant material för syftet för denna uppsats. Undersökningens resultat visar hur både Iduns och Morgonbris innehåll reproducerade nationalism både från ett biologiskt och kulturellt perspektiv, och att detta gick i linje med Yuval-Davis förklaringar av de båda begreppen. Resultatet visar även hur uttrycken för nationalism liknade varandra i flera avseenden i både höger- och vänsterkretsar, och att kvinnans roll inom nationen tenderade att anknytas till deras roll som mödrar och husmödrar samt som förmedlare av de svenska idealen, kulturen och traditionerna till det kommande släktet. / The purpose of this study is to examine in what ways nationalism was reproduced in Sweden during the 1920’s. The study does this by examining the matter from a gender perspective using Nira Yuval-Davis two concepts of biological- and cultural female reproduction of nationalism. To fulfill this purpose, the study uses texts from issues of two different women’s periodical journals Idun and Morgonbris that were published between the years 1919-1927, against the background of the rising popularity of eugenics in Sweden and the rising of Swedish nationalism that accompanied this. The questions that were put towards the content of the journals were in regard to (1) their biological reproduction during the given time period, (2) their cultural reproduction during the given time period and (3) explicit perceptions of the female roll in regard to the Swedish identity. The method used in this study is, by the nature of the two different journals, a comparative analysis together with a qualitative text analysis with hermeneutics as the model for interpreting the texts, as well as coding to find the relevant material for the purpose of this study. In broad strokes, the result of the study will show how the contents of both Idun and Morgonbris reproduced forms of Swedish nationalism regarding both the biological- and cultural component, which goes in line with what Yuval-Davis describes about the two concepts. The results will also show how the expressions of nationalism were similar within both conservative- and leftist circles, and that the women’s roles within the nation were often tied to their roles as mothers and homemakers as well as purveyors of the Swedish ideals, culture and traditions to the next generation.

No description available.

The aim with this study is to investigate how racial biology gained its foothold in the Swedish welfare society, the consequences it entailed and how to motivate sanctions against individuals who were considered to deviate from the norm. In order to investigate these issues, I have used discourse analysis as a method. The material I have used has consisted of motions to the Swedish parliament, journal entries and other documents of importance that have been written during this time. The consequences of racial biology are the eugenics measures that affect a large group of the population, through sterilization and institutionalization. The actions are motivated by the need for protection of society and the need to reduce the risk of degeneration of the genes. The most evident in the documents, to the Swedish parliament, regarding the establishment of a racial biology institute are cost effective and degeneration issues.

This dissertation examines two daily newspapers’ representations of eugenics from the incipient racial biological investigation 1919 until 1958, and the State Institute for Racial Biology is reorganized. The dissertation also aims to examine whether there are any distinct turning points where the newspapers distance themselves from the ideas and the research of eugenics. The analysis material is based on newspaper articles from two national dailies, i.e., Svenska Dagbladet and Dagens Nyheter. The theoretical framework and method are based on Fairclough’s discourse theory and analysis to observe and elucidate how eugenics is represented over a longer period of time. The conclusion of the dissertation is that the newspapers continuously designate racial biology as something unique and being the salvation from degeneration until Herman Lundborg resigns as head of the institute. After Gunnar Dahlberg took over the managerial position the activities at the Institute changed course and the research undertaken there became engaged in medical genetics and social medicine instead of racial biology. The main argument for the establishment of the institute was that it would provide protection for the Swedish race. The norms and attitudes were more about the science and somewhat about nationalism, while what we now call racism did not seem to be included at all. The discourses about racial biology that have arisen have been maintained in society through the newspapers, as the recipients have been continuously fed with praiseworthy and warning words. This fits with Foucault’s reasoning and theory which he clarifies the fact that discourses are conditioned by how society discusses about something that over time has been an influence on how people are classified or treated by the newspapers that maintains it.

The State Institution for Education of Feebleminded Girls was one of the two swedish educational institutions established under state management in the 1920s and came to be the starting point for further government operations for the mentally deficient. The purpose of this paper was to investigate the activities of the State Institution for Education of Feebleminded Girls, out of what needs the institution filled in Sweden’s care for the mentally deficient. The institution has tried to be understood from the view of eugenics and the perspective of children that was current during the 1900s first half.To fulfill the purpose of the study, the archives for the State Institution for Education of Feebleminded Girls was studied and analyzed with basis of previous research on Sweden’s care for the mentally deficient and the impact from eugenics and Sweden’s child perspective.The study shows that the State Institution for Education of Feebleminded Girls mostly existed to educate students and adapt them to the community, which the institution did by education, disciplinary interventions and sterilizations. It is found in the study that the institution didn’t have any regular care of individuals in any great extent, which is also consistent with what previous research have reported concerning Sweden’s care for the mentally deficient. The study further shows that the State Institution for Education of Feebleminded Girls was largely coloured by the perception of mentally deficient as a threat to society. It appears that the institution primarily focused upon the interests of society and therefore often reduced the individual's interests and autonomy.