The Health Professions Education: A Bridge to Quality (IOM, 2003) proposed strategies for higher education leaders and faculty to transform their institutions in ways that address the healthcare problems. This study provides higher education leaders and faculty with empirical data about the processes of change involved to implement the core competency of healthcare informatics. I chose the core competency of health care informatics as a base from which to conduct semi-structured interviews with faculty and college leaders at three schools of nursing intending to capture their stories about how healthcare informatics has been implemented, what strategies were used, and why they were selected. All three nursing schools used patient case scenarios loaded into electronic health records in their computerized human simulation laboratories. Participants' at all three nursing programs reported increased use of the pedagogical approaches of active learning and problem-based learning in these simulation labs. These approaches encourage greater faculty-student and student-to-student interaction, engender more self-directed learning, and do a better job of providing students with a process for integrating previous learning. University of Kansas and Large State University Schools of Nursing demonstrated results that substantiate the viability of the Mobile Model for Transformational Change. One school used almost all the suggested methods and achieved transformation; the other, which used some of the methods, was not transformed. I suggest the model would benefit from specific ways of detecting the breadth in the application of the change markers and from the addition of strategies for creating a breadth of intensity to the change processes. The components of the model relating to the structural and cultural markers of change need to be further developed to focus on the breadth of change. Finally, I suggest the Mobile Model needs greater emphasis on and clarification of the role and nature of intentionality in the change process, as well as a greater focus on the relationship between the core strategies, support strategies, and the breadth of change. The intent of college leaders is important, in part because without it the breadth of change required for transformational change is not likely to be achieved.

Abstract  The purpose of this study is to analyze how the visual communication the scientists in charge of the Voyager project in 1977 chose to represent humanity on The Golden Record by using content analysis. This study is built on two questions of interest as well as a theoretical framework. Representation is investigated through Stuart halls ideas of representation and identity through Craig R. Scott - identity and identification. Furthermore, two methods have been used to answer our questions, quantitative content analysis and qualitative content analysis in combination.    Even though the initial intention was to show a diverse representation of humanity to a potential alien audience, the quantitative analysis showed an overrepresentation of men and people with caucasian descent. Adults between the ages 18-60 was in the majority, followed by children and lastly older people. Blacks, Asians, women and other groups are not as widely represented in the material. Although it might seem like the scientist has failed in their attempt to represent the world in 90 minutes, we argue that there are multiple circumstances which limited their ability to do so. The time pressure, historic context as well as the absents of large information sources in the 70s is the main reason why the material has an overrepresentation of caucasian men. Considering all circumstances, it becomes obvious that they did what they could in most circumstances when it comes to including a wide range of cultures. This being said, it still does not make it ethically justifiable to make a west-centered message with all of humanity as the sender. The message onboard Voyager should be seen as a form of invitation to earth and not an encyclopedia of mankind.

Detta examensarbete, Tidplanering av ett stort byggprojekt är en fördjupning inom byggstyrning med fokus på hur planeringsarbetet kan förbättras. Rapporten baseras på Skanskas planeringsarbete av Nya Karolinska Solna. Fördjupningen bygger på kvalitativa intervjuer med personal ur utvalda projektfaser och erforderliga dokument, som ger en närmare inblick i hur arbetet med tidplanering utförs och kommuniceras. Arbetet resulterade i slutsatsen att ledningsverktyget Last planner får samtliga befattningar på byggarbetsplatsen att kommunicera bättre med varandra och uppmärksammar eventuella problem i god tid. Skanska rekommenderas därför att implementera Last planner i framtida projekt. Skanska bör avsätta mer tid för projektering innan produktionen påbörjar. Detta gör att de minskar risken för förseningar i sina projekt. Tillämpning av 4D‐odeller förenklar förståelsen för hur projektet utvecklas under arbetets gång i jämförelse med det planerade arbetet. Därför kan Skanska med fördel använda sig utav 4D-modellering inom framtida projekt. Skanska rekommenderas att ta fram arbetsmallar för 4D-modelleringen och till stöd för framställandet av 3-veckorstidplaner, där det framgår hur de använder vissa funktioner i planeringsprogrammen samt riktlinjer för hur tidplaner ska utformas. Vi rekommenderar att planerare ges möjligheten att hålla återkommande möten för erfarenhetsutbyte. Även om faserna skiljer sig åt, kan planerare använda sig av varandras erfarenheter i framtida projekt och det är ett bra sätt att bibehålla kunskapen inom Skanska. / This thesis is an in-depth study of building management focusing solely on time planning of a large-scale building project. The report is based on planning within New Karolinska Solna, a project by Skanska. The study was conducted through qualitative interviews on site as well as acquiring necessary documents in relation to the thesis subject. The material that was gathered gave insight into how the time plans are produced  and communicated. This brought about the conclusion that Last planner, a communications method, should be implemented in future Skanska projects as it is a holistic approach to communicating time plans by involving all involved in the project.  The design team should be given more time to finish all necessary drawings before construction work begins. This will result in a decrease of delays caused by lack of drawings. Applying the use of 4D-models clarifies, in a generally understandable way, the development of the construction work in comparison to what was initially planned. Therefor, the usage of such models is an advantage for use in future projects. Develop working templates for 4D-models, and as support for producing 3-week look-ahead time plans, with  clear guidelines for the layout of time plans as well as how certain functions are used within planning programs. We recommend that the planners be given the opportunity to hold regular meetings to exchange ideas and individual experience, even though phases may differ from each other. This would be a positive step in maintaining knowledge within Skanska.

Sedan Nacka golfklubb införde källsortering år 2003 har golfklubben funderat över hur deras sortering och avfallshantering egentligen fungerar. I samband med den miljöcertifiering golfklubben ansökt om att få via Golf Environment Organization (GEO) skall ett flertal områden på golfklubben ses över, varav avfallshanteringen är ett av dessa områden. Syftet med examensarbetet är att undersöka hur Nacka golfklubb idag avfallshanterar och ta fram ett underlag för den certifiering golfklubben ansökt om inom det givna området. Underlaget för certifieringen ska baseras på certifieringens krav och rutiner för förbättring ska baseras på kunskap, hantering samt minimering. De metoder som använts är litteraturstudier, intervjuer, studiebesök samt en analys utifrån Sustainable Development Records (SDR). Resultatet av SDR gav en generell bild av golfklubbens effektivitet, sparsamhet och marginal. Genom SDR kan golfklubben i framtiden fortsätta att mäta och jämföra sina resultat för att se om verksamheten går mot en mer hållbar utveckling och avfallshantering men för att göra detta måste en grundligare undersökning i framtiden genomföras i samband med en avfallsrevision. Utifrån det rutiner golfklubben har rekommenderas ett flertal förändringar för att golfklubben ska få en bättre standard inom sin avfallshantering. Hushållsavfallet som verkstaden och golfspelarna genererar bör hämtas av kommunen och genom att kommunen hämtar det brännbara avfallet från golfklubben kan en kostnadsbesparing fås. Om kansliet börjar kompostera sitt organiska hushållsavfall, kan ytterligare en kostnadsbesparing erhållas av golfklubben. Rutiner och miljöavtal med restaurangen bör införas för att golfklubben ska kunna kräva att restaurangägaren följer golfklubbens miljöpolicy samt bör hela verksamheten införa rutiner för städning och inventering av alla avfallsutrymmen. Genom detta uppstår inga olägenheter för människors hälsa och miljö samt får golfklubben en bättre avfallshantering som kontinuerligt ses över. Golfklubben rekommenderas även att se till att det källsorterade avfall hämtas från miljöstationen av certifierad återvinnare för att se till att det avfall som genereras hanteras utifrån avfallshierarkin och GEO certifieringens krav som innebär att mängden avfall till förbränning och deponering bör minimeras. / Nacka golf club started to separate their waste in 2003, and since the golf club introduce waste management they have been wondering how their sorting of waste actually works. In connection with the environmental certification that the golf club has applied for through the Golf Environment Organization (GEO), a number of areas will be reviewed, and waste management is one of those areas. The purpose of the study is to investigate how Nacka golf club is handling their waste today and create a data basis for the certification within the assigned area. The data for the certification will be based on the certification requirements and the routines for improvements will be based on knowledge, management and waste minimization. The methods used in the study are literature studies; interviews, study visits, and an analysis based Sustainable development records (SDR). The results of the SDR analysis gave a general picture of the golf club's efficiency, economy and margin. By using SDR in the future the golf club can continue to measure and compare the results to see if the golf club is moving towards a more sustainable development and a better management of waste, but to do this a closer examination of the waste needs to be carried out in future through a waste audit. Based on how the golf club is handling the waste today a number of recommendations have been presented to get a better standard in their waste management. The household waste from the maintenance area and golfers should be retrieved by the municipality because if the municipality collects the golf clubs combustible waste a cost saving is achievable. If the clubhouse starts to compost their organic household waste an additional cost savings is also possible for the golf club to collect. Routines and environmental agreements should be assigned with the restaurant and by that the golf can require that the owner of the restaurant follows the golf club's environmental policies. The entire golf club should set up routines for cleaning and inventory all waste areas continually. If the golf club implements the recommendation no harm to health and the environment will occur and the golf club will get a better waste management that is continuously reviewed. The golf club is also recommended to ensure that the sorted waste is collected from the environmental station by authorized recycler to ensure that the waste that is generated will be handled in the best possible way according to the waste hierarchy and according to the GEO certification requirements, which means that the amount of waste for incineration and landfills should be minimized.

Dateisammlungen gehören in vielen Archiven mit zu den am häufigsten angebotenen Daten, mit denen man im Rahmen der digitalen Langzeitarchivierung konfrontiert ist. Gerade im Bereich der Übernahme von Nachlässen und vor dem Hintergrund einer oftmals mangelhaften Aktenführung in der Verwaltung kommt diesen im Rahmen der Überlieferung eine nicht zu vernachlässigende Bedeutung zu. Dennoch ist die archivfachliche Auseinandersetzung mit dem Thema in den vergangenen Jahren überschaubar, wie der Vortrag mit Blick auf die vorhandene deutschsprachige Literatur zeigen will. Da der Umgang mit komplexen Dateisammlungen eine Herausforderung darstellt, soll in einem zweiten Teil ein Musterworkflow vorgestellt werden, der praxisnah versucht, mittleren und kleineren Archiven mit wenig Personal, überschaubaren finanziellen Ressourcen und geringen Erfahrungen im Bereich der Archivierung von Dateisammlungen eine Hilfestellung anzubieten. / In many archives, file collections are among the data most frequently dealt with in the context of digital long-term archiving. Especially when dealing with “Nachlässen” and in the context of inadequate records management. The lecture wants to show that despite this relevance, the discussion of the topic in recent years has been low. In a second part, a handout is presented that tries to offer practical assistance in archiving file collections.

Svenska offentliga organisationer har behov av ärendehanteringssystem för att hantera offentlighetskraven som ställs på dem. En flora av sådana system finns, men det saknas anpassade metoder för att införa dessa, vilket kan resultera i misslyckade investeringar och brister i organisationernas måluppfyllelse. Denna studie föreslår därför en modell för införande av ärendehanteringssystem, som ska ge organisationerna det stöd de behöver i införandeprojekten. Studien utfördes genom en kvalitativ metod grundad på design science research där även element av action research ingick. De fyra forskningsfaserna som ingick var en intervjustudie, en litteraturstudie, framtagande av en införandemodell och utvärdering av modellen. En modell för införande av ärendehanteringssystem kallad NOKI-modellen togs fram, vilken grundade sig på tidigare forskning samt på de problem som upplevdes hos två svenska offentliga organisationer. Modellen utvärderades genom att appliceras på ett systeminförande hos de två organisationerna. Organisationerna var över lag nöjda med resultatet av införandet enligt NOKI-modellen, och uppfattade att modellen var ett bra stöd som även kunde ha ett värde för andra organisationer vid liknande systeminföranden. De lärdomar som drogs genom att utvärdera NOKI-modellens tydlighet, innehåll och implementationsvärde ledde till en föreslagen uppdaterad version kallad NOKIv2 som dock inte har utvärderats inom studien. Inga etiska problem med studien har kunnat identifieras då den ställts mot de kriterier som gäller för svensk forskning. En samhällelig aspekt med studiens resultat är att offentliga organisationer som, med hjälp av NOKI-modellen, genomför ett lyckat införande av ett ärendehanteringssystem sedan bättre kan uppfylla sina offentlighetskrav. Studiens resultat och slutsatser förmodas vara värdefulla för organisationer som skall införa ett ärendehanteringssystem samt för forskare som studerar införandeprocesser. / Swedish public organizations have a need for recordkeeping systems to handle the legal requirements placed on them. A flora of such systems exists, but there is a lack of properly adapted methods for adopting these systems, which can result in failed investments and lack of fulfillment of the organizational goals. The thesis was done through a qualitative method based on design science research where elements of action research also were present. The four phases of the thesis were a practical study, a theoretical study, the creation of a model for system adoption and finally an evaluation of the model. A model for the adoption of record keeping systems called the NOKI-model was created, which was based on earlier research as well as on the problems that were perceived by two Swedish public organizations. The model was evaluated by applying it on a system adoption project in the two organizations. The two organizations were generally pleased with the results of the system adoption through the NOKI-model, and perceived that the model was useful and that it also should have a value for usage by other organizations when doing similar system implementations. The lessons learned by evaluating the clarity, content and value of implementation of the NOKI-model led to an updated version called NOKIv2 which has not been evaluated within this thesis. No ethical problems could be identified in the study, when placed against the criteria that apply for Swedish research. A societal aspect with the results of the thesis is that public organizations that, using the NOKI-model, successfully adopt a record keeping system will be better equipped to fulfill their requirements of public availability. The results and conclusions of the thesis are presumed to be valuable for organizations that are about to adopt a record keeping system, as well as for researchers that are studying system adoption processes.

Background. One important part of creating quality games is to make sure thegames work as intended. It is done by testing the game, often by playtesters that play the game repeatedly to identify problems. It is a time-consuming task, and some of the testing can be automated. Objectives. This thesis explores two different automated testing approaches. The approaches selected are Record and Replay, and Script-Based Testing. The testing approaches are evaluated on a commercial FPS game. Methods. The scientific method used in this thesis was an experiment to collect data on the two testing approaches. The testing approaches were implemented and then tested on the game. The data collected was the time to create a test case andthe execution time of the test. Results. Creating tests with the Script-Based approach was significantly slower compared to Record and Replay. There was no significant difference in execution time between Record and Replay and Script-Based Testing, but the Script-Based approach is slightly faster in most tests. Conclusions. Record and Replay and Script-Based Testing have different strengths and weaknesses. Record and Replay is fast at creating tests but is not adaptable to changes in the 3D world. Script-Based Testing is slow at creating tests but is adaptable, and therefore less maintenance is required. / Bakgrund. En viktig del av att göra ett bra spel är att säkerställa att spelet fungerar som det ska. Det görs genom testning, oftast av speltestare som spelar spelet om och om igen för att hitta fel. Det är en tidskrävande uppgift och en del av testningen kan automatiseras. Syfte. Denna avhandling undersöker två olika automatiserade testmetoder. De valda metoderna är spela in och spela upp och skriptbaserad metod. Testmetoderna utvärderas på ett kommersiellt FPS-spel. Metod. Den vetenskapliga metoden som användes i denna avhandling var ett exper-iment för att samla in data om de två testmetoderna. Testmetoderna implementerades och testades sedan på spelet. Den insamlade datan var tiden för att skapa ett testfall och testets exekveringstid. Resultat. Att skapa tester med det skriptbaserade metoden var betydligt långsammare jämfört med spela in och spela upp. Det fanns ingen signifikant skillnad i exekveringstid mellan spela in och spela upp och skriptbaserad testning, men den skriptbaserade metoden är något snabbare i de flesta tester. Slutsatser. Spela in och spela upp och den skriptbaserad metoden har olika styrkor och svagheter. Spela in och spela upp är snabbt att skapa tester men kan inte anpassas till förändringar i 3D-världen. Skriptbaserade metoden är långsam när det gäller att skapa tester men är anpassningsbar och därför krävs mindre underhåll.

Computerized physician order entry (CPOE) is used in healthcare organizations to improve workflow processes and transcription, as well as to prevent prescribing errors. Previous research has indicated challenges associated with CPOE for end-users that predispose patients to unsafe practices. Unsafe CPOE practices can be detrimental within the intensive care unit (ICU) setting due to the complexity of nursing care. Consequently, end-user satisfaction and understanding of CPOE and electronic health record (EHR) functionality are vital to avoid error omissions. CPOE initiatives should be refined post system implementation to improve clinical workflow, medication processes, and end-user satisfaction. The purpose of this quality improvement project was to refine CPOE system initiatives and develop an e-learning educational module to facilitate end-user understanding of and satisfaction with CPOE. The Iowa model of evidence-based practice, Lean methodology, and Provider Order Entry User Satisfaction and Usage Survey (POESUS) were used to guide the study. An e-learning module was implemented to increase staff understanding of the newly implemented CPOE system, and a plan was provided for ongoing data collection and investigation of end-user satisfaction and medication inadequacies with the CPOE system. A mixed-method design was recommended to key stakeholders to identify the impact of the e-learning course and refined CPOE initiatives on both end-user satisfaction and patient outcomes in the medical-surgical ICU. Findings from the study informed the impact of e-learning educational modules with CPOE system implementation. Those in organizations implementing advanced technology such as CPOE and EHR systems in critical care settings will find this paper of interest.

The Snake River Plain (SRP) is one of the best-preserved examples of continental hotspot volcanis, with a continuous record of volcanism that extends over 16 Ma to the present. Yellowstone-Snake River Plain records the migration of plume-tail volcanism from inception at the Bruneau-Jarbridge caldera complex at 12.6 Ma to its present locus, under the Yellowstone Plateau. Records kept by the Snake River Plain volcanic actions include rhyolite lavas and ignimbritesm minor coeval basalts, and an overlying veneer of younger basalts. The central SRP has received comparatively little attention in the past. The Kimama core hole was drilled as part of Project Hotspot, the Snake River Scientific Drilling Project, which seeks to understand the long-term volcanic and sediment logical history of the SRP volcanic province. The Kimama core hole is the only part of the SRP that has not been scientifically drilled and cored to a significant depth in the past. Investigations of subsurface stratigraphy in continental volcanic provinces such as the SRP-YP are limited by the by the relatively low depth and spatial distribution of cored wells. The study of the Kimama core provides us with a continuous record of basalt and minor sediment deposition. The long-term volcanic history of the SRP, documented by moving magma and its composition, demonstrates that magmatism is mantle plume-derived. Our investigation of the Kimama core, combined with new mantle tomography, provides evidence that refutes non-plume models for the origin of the Snake River Plain volcanic province.

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