Global ETD Search

11	Genus på menyn : Analyser av stabila kol- och kväveisotoper på skelettmaterial från Bjärbygravfältet från äldre romersk järnålder i Kastlösa på Öland Schoultz, Pia January 2006 (has links) This paper deals with diet and gender in the early roman iron age in Sweden. Human bone and tooth material from the Iron Age cemetery at Bjärby in Kastlösa parish on the island of Öland have been analysed for stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes. 21 individuals were sampled. Where possible 4 samples were taken from each individual, from the first, second and third molar respectively and from one compact bone. By doing so it is possible, at least in theory, to trace intra-individual diets throughout life. In total, 64 samples were analysed by isotope ratio mass spectrometer. The low [delta]13C values indicate a diet based mostly on terrestrial resources, while the high [delta]15N values indicate some significant marine input. This discrepancy may be explained by an intake of freshwater fish or meat from suckling animals. The isotope values do not indicate any significant dietary reliance on cereals. Some gender differences in diet were observed. The [delta]15N values of the women were higher than those of the men, indicating a higher tropic level throughout life. The third molar [delta]13C values of the men were higher than those of the women, indicating a somewhat more substantial marine input during the teenage years. archaeology stable isotopes carbon nitrogen Roman Iron Age diet gender Bjärby Kastlösa Öland arkeologi stabila isotoper kol kväve romersk järnålder kost genus Bjärby Kastlösa Öland Archaeology Arkeologi
12	Stengrunder och gränser : en studie av kontinuitet från äldre järnålderns stengrundsbygd till nutid / Iron Age Stone Foundations vs. Borders : a study of continuity from AD 200 to present day Nilsson, Ola January 2011 (has links) This thesis studies settlement continuity on Gotland between approximately AD 200 and AD 1700. The method used is to calculate correlation between the geographical distribution of all known Iron Age stone-wall-houses (on Gotland known as "kämpagravar") and all farms included in the detailed taxation maps from approximately 1700. The number of remaining house foundations is between 1800 and 1900. A model to estimate the number of removed foundations is presented. It is based on the assumption that the settlement density was proportional to land use around 1700, and that the rate of removal is related to the current land use. Based on similarity with contemporary farms on Öland and in Denmark, it is also proposed that Iron Age farms on Gotland were less dispersed. The common view in archaeological literature is that Iron Age farms on Gotland often had their buildings spread more than 200 meter apart. It is estimated that the remaining 1800+ foundations represents more than 2700 Iron Age farms with a total of more than 4700 houses. Compared to previous studies, the fluctuation in number of farms between maximum expansion during Late Roman Iron Age and Viking Age, and maximum contractions during the Migration Period and Late Middle Ages, also is much larger. By parish, the number of farms per km2 and the average farm size have been calculated, both for the stone-wall houses and for the farms as they were represented around 1700. Using regression analysis, the correlation between the two datasets was estimated. No significant correlations were identified. The distribution of the remaining stone foundations and/or the estimated distribution before removal have also been compared to known borders and corresponding administrative districts – since the Middle Ages, Gotland has been divided in tredingar (third parts), settingar (sixth parts), 20 thing/court districts and 95 parishes. The tredingar and partly the settingar correlate with the stone foundation distribution, but not the thing districts or parishes. The correlation and lack of correlation might be explained by input errors or confounding factors, but the historical records supports the interpretation that the tredingar and settingar has been in continuous use since before the Middle Ages, and that the thing districts and the parishes were introduced during the Middle Ages. At least 24 farms with the name "Stenstugu" are known in Gotland. "Stenstugu" distribution coincides with centrums of stone foundation concentrations in a way that cannot be explained by coincidence or confounding factors. Probably, the name "Stenstugu" originates from the Roman Iron Age and is related to stone foundations settlements. / Syftet med uppsatsen är att studera kontinuitet från gotländsk stengrundsbebyggelse på äldre järnålder till bebyggelsen ca år 1700. Detta har skett genom en statistisk-geografisk jämförelse av alla kända stengrunder på Gotland med 1700-talsbygden sådan den framträder i skattläggningskartan från ca år 1700. Antal kvarvarande stengrunder på Gotland är drygt 1800. En bortodlingsmodell har tagits fram som är baserad på antagandena att ursprunglig stengrundskoncentration är beroende på ägoslag år 1700 och att bortodling är beroende av nutida markanvändning. Dessutom har en ny tolkning av vad som motsvarar en gård i stengrundsmaterialet föreslagits. Den baseras på att stengrundsgårdar liksom samtida gårdar på Öland och i Danmark var tätt grupperade. Det innebär att gårdsantalet blir mycket högre än tidigare beräkningar som baserades på gårdar med byggnader som ibland låg mer än 200 meter ifrån varandra. Med den nya bortodlingsmodellen och det nya gårdsbegreppet har bortodlingen skattats till ca 60 %, vilket innebär att antalet stengrundshus skattats till drygt 4700 och antalet stengrundsgårdar till drygt 2700. En konsekvens av det betydligt större antalet gårdar än tidigare beräkningar är att fluktuationerna i antal gårdar mellan höjdpunkterna under yngre romersk järnålder och vikingatid, och lågpunkterna under folkvandringstid och senmedeltid också varit betydligt större än tidigare beräkningar. För varje socken har antal gårdar per km2 och genomsnittliga storleksmått per socken beräknats, och använts för jämförelser mellan äldre järnålder och 1700-tal. Regressionsanalyser har inte påvisat någon korrelation mellan bevarade stengrunder och 1700-talsbebyggelse. Eftersom beräkning av järnåldersbebyggelsen före bortodling bygger på just 1700-talsbebyggelse är det inte meningsfullt att söka korrelation mellan dem. Fördelning av bevarade stengrunder och beräknad fördelning av stengrunder före bortodling har jämförts med historiskt kända administrativa indelningar på Gotland – tredingar, settingar, ting och socknar. Tredingarna och i någon mån settingarna korrelerar med stengrundernas fördelning, men inte tingen och inte socknarna. Dess statistiska samband kan naturligtvis bero på att stengrunder och tredingar var samtida, men inte de övriga indelningssystemen. Det skulle också kunna förklaras med att det finns felkällor i mätningarna och samvarierande faktorer snarare än ett direkt orsakssamband. Även de historiska källorna går att tolka som att tredingar och settingar har hög ålder, och inte de andra indelningarna, vilket innebär att det finns visst stöd för att tolka korrelationen mellan stengrunder och tredingsindelning, som att de existerade samtidigt. Det finns minst 24 gårdsnamn med "Stenstugu" jämnt fördelade över Gotland. "Stenstugu" visar ett tydligt samband med förekomsten av stengrundskoncentrationer, vilket inte kan förklaras med slumpen eller andra samvarierande faktorer. Namnet bör därmed kunna kopplas till stengrundsbebyggelsen från romersk järnålder. Roman Iron Age Gotland Scandinavia stone foundations administrative districts Stenstugu Romersk järnålder Gotland Skandinavien stengrunder administrativ indelning Stenstugu Archaeology, North European Arkeologi, nordeuropeisk
13	Smörkullen- the forgotten cemetery : Dietary studies of a Roman Iron Age cemetery in Västra Tollstad parish, Östergötland Lindberg, Tove January 2009 (has links) This thesis deals with individuals buried at Smörkullen, Västra Tollstad parish, Östergötland, Sweden. The aim is to reconstruct the diet of the individuals through stable isotope analyses and then try to identify if social hierarchy correlates with the diet. To do this, 35 individuals were divided into different groups (males, females, high status graves, low status graves, young adults, adults, seniors and trepanned individuals) and then subjected to stable isotope analyses of carbon, nitrogen and sulphur. The results show that all individuals lived mainly on freshwater fish with a few exceptions that had a more mixed diet of terrestrial protein and freshwater fish. The sulphur analyses showed that one female (possibly two) has moved to the area sometime after the age of seven. Because of the homogenous diet of freshwater fish no social hierarchy based on diet could be established. Roman Iron Age Östergötland Västra Tollstad Alvastra Smörkullen diet Stable isotopes Romersk järnålder Östergötland Västra Tollstad Alvastra Smörkullen diet stabila isotoper Archaeology subjects Arkeologiämnen
14	Borg, berg och bygd. : Selaötraktens fornborgar under den mellersta järnåldern. Pilgren, Ludvig January 2013 (has links) This paper deals with hill-forts located on and directly south of Selaön, in the center of Mälardalen, Södermanland, dated to the late roman period and the migration period. Of special interest is differences and similarities between the forts when it comes to their morphology and the hills where they were built. Furthermore, their landscape has been examined and I have tried to put the hill-forts in relation to any iron age settlements. hill fort mentality iron age migration period fornborg Selaön järnålder folkvandringstid Södermanland yngre romersk järnålder Mälardalen mentalitet hägnade berg vallanläggning tröskelhägnad Tuna
15	Framtidens forntid : Geofysisk och geokemisk prospektering av järnåldersgården RAÄ 108, Fresta sn, Uppland Viberg, Andreas January 2007 (has links) <p>This paper deals with archaeological prospection of an Iron Age farm site in Toland, Fresta parish, Uppland County in Sweden. The purpose of the paper has been to see whether the geophysical methods applied (GPR & EM-38) could produce useful results that could motivate its use in similar surveys in the future. Geochemistry has been used for the purpose of identifying possible activity areas on the site. The results have shown that it is possible with a GPR survey to identify postholes originating from the Migration Period longhouse at the site. The combining of several methods have been important for the identification and interpretation of several areas of interest.</p> archaeology iron age roman iron age migration period geophysics geochemistry prospecting ground penetrating radar Fresta Uppland arkeologi järnålder romersk järnålder folkvandringstid geofysik geokemi prospektering georadar Fresta Uppland Archaeology Arkeologi
16	Framtidens forntid : Geofysisk och geokemisk prospektering av järnåldersgården RAÄ 108, Fresta sn, Uppland Viberg, Andreas January 2007 (has links) This paper deals with archaeological prospection of an Iron Age farm site in Toland, Fresta parish, Uppland County in Sweden. The purpose of the paper has been to see whether the geophysical methods applied (GPR & EM-38) could produce useful results that could motivate its use in similar surveys in the future. Geochemistry has been used for the purpose of identifying possible activity areas on the site. The results have shown that it is possible with a GPR survey to identify postholes originating from the Migration Period longhouse at the site. The combining of several methods have been important for the identification and interpretation of several areas of interest. archaeology iron age roman iron age migration period geophysics geochemistry prospecting ground penetrating radar Fresta Uppland arkeologi järnålder romersk järnålder folkvandringstid geofysik geokemi prospektering georadar Fresta Uppland Archaeology Arkeologi
17	Makrofossilanalys som ekologiskt verktyg : En metodutvärdering Pettersson, Siri January 2017 (has links) Approximately 50 percent of all endangered species in Scandinavia are associated with old agricultural landscapes. During the agricultural industrialization of the past century the traditional practices and methods that created these environments have been phased out. This has brought on a serious decline and fragmentation of biomes that many endangered species depend on. Knowledge of traditional agricultural landscapes and their species dynamics is needed to make well informed decisions regarding their care and restoration. One way to acquire such knowledge is to study fossil plant remnants from old agricultural contexts. In this study sub-fossil Cyperaceae achenes were analyzed in an attempt to identify them. The achenes had been preserved in three Iron Age wells (80-980 AD) at the Gilltuna settlement in central Sweden and were found during an archeological investigation in 2010. The purpose of this study was to identify the achenes to species level, make conclusions about the ecology of the surrounding landscape, and construct simple species identification key as well as evaluate archaeobotany as an ecological tool. The identification attempt resulted in 14 determined species, which were in consistency with previous landscape analyses made using ecological species distribution. The resulting identification key is a suggestion, to be expanded in the future. This method can undoubtedly provide further knowledge of prehistoric and historical biomes, but in order to draw useful conclusions the identification technique further as well as knowledge of present regional ecology must be developed, especially concerning different Cyperaceae species‟ response to different kinds of stress. macro fossil analysis cyperaceae sedge seed archaeobotanic paleo ecology sweden conservation makrofossilanalys arkeobotanik paleoekologi växtekologi ekologi historisk ekologi cyperaceae halvgräs makrofossil subfossil achen nöt frukt frö metodutvärdering artidentifiering identifiering järnålder vikingatid romersk järnålder Gilltuna västerås län naturvård äng ängsmark hage gräsmark Ecology Ekologi Botany Botanik Archaeology Arkeologi
18	Landscape Dynamics : Spatial analyses of villages and farms on Gotland AD 200-1700 Svedjemo, Gustaf January 2014 (has links) This dissertation deals with the long-term dynamics and fluctuations of settlements on Gotland for the period from AD 200 up until early modern times. The settlement structure on Gotland is most often described as very stable and consisting of solitary farms, established in the Iron Age. A contrasting view is presented by analyses of a vast source material from different periods. The source material consists of both physical remains, noted in the Swedish national Archaeological Sites Information System, FMIS and large scale historical maps, as well as other written sources. For the first studied period, the locations of some 2 000 houses are known, since they were constructed with sturdy stone walls and are thus preserved. The source material for the following periods is scarcer, but some hundred Viking Age sites are identified, mainly by the find places of silver hoards. By retrogressive analyses of historical maps, from the decades around the year 1700, and other written sources, later periods are analysed. All available data are gathered in geodatabases, which enables both generalised and detailed spatial and statistical analyses. The results of the analyses show a more varied picture, with great fluctuations in the number of farms; the existence of villages is also clearly indicated in a large part of the settlements. The villages are centred on kinship and the lack of strong royal power or landed gentry meant they were not fixed in cadastres, as fiscal units, as villages were on the Swedish mainland. Two peaks, followed by major dips, were identified in the number of settlements and thus in the population. The first peak occurred during the late Roman Iron Age/Migration period, which was followed by a reduction in the Vendel period of possibly up to 30-50%. After this, a recovery started in the Viking Age, which culminated during the heydays of Gotland in the High Middle Ages, with population numbers most probably not surpassed until late in history. This upward trend was broken by the diminishing trade of Gotland, the Medieval agrarian crisis, The Danish invasion and later events. All this resulted in a decline, probably as great as after the Migration period. Gotland Archaeology History Historical maps Roman Iron Age Migration Period Middle Ages Village Village formation Farm Settlement archaeology Spatial analyses GIS Prediction modelling. Gotland Arkeologi Historia Historiska kartor Romersk järnålder Folkvandringstid By Bybildning Gård Bebyggelsearkeologi rumsliga analyser GIS Geografiska informationssystem prediktionsmodellering
19	To Make Iron of Iron : A Comprehensive Analytical Study of Spade Shaped Iron Bars Pappas Adlerburg, Nickolas T. January 2017 (has links) This thesis aims to provide adequate analytical information on the spade shaped iron bars of Norrland and central Sweden. While their significance has been thoroughly debated for decades, analytical research on them has been confined to cases of single artefacts or theoretical interpretations of their value, meaning and origin. In this study a comprehensive approach is taken into consideration. Based on X-Ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and metallographical analysis this thesis seeks to facilitate new interpretations on quality, production centres and usage based on analytical results. Aiming to settle some of the long lasting questions regarding the artefacts while producing results which can further the discussion by raising new questions, previously unasked. Archaeological Science Scandinavian Iron Age Nordic Iron Age Spade Shaped Iron Bars Norrland Iron Bars Archaeometallurgy XRF SEM/EDS Metallography Vendel Era Migration Period Roman Iron Age Nickel Cobalt Limonite Iron Ores Helgö Uppland Gästrikland Medelpad Hälsingland Jämtland Laborativ arkeologi Nordisk järnålder Spadformiga ämnesjärn Norrland Ämnesjärn Arkeometallurgi XRF SEM/EDS Metallografi Vendeltid Folkvandringstid Romersk Järnålder Helgö Nickel Cobalt Myrmalm Bergmalm Uppland Gästrikland Medelpad Hälsingland Jämtland Archaeology Arkeologi
20	To Make Iron of Iron : A Comprehensive Analytical Study of Spade Shaped Iron Bars Pappas Adlreburg, Nickolas January 2017 (has links) This thesis aims to provide adequate analytical information on the spade shaped iron bars of Norrland and central Sweden. While their significance has been thoroughly debated for decades, analytical research on them has been confined to cases of single artefacts or theoretical interpretations of their value, meaning and origin. In this study a comprehensive approach is taken into consideration. Based on X-Ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and metallographical analysis this thesis seeks to facilitate new interpretations on quality, production centres and usage based on analytical results. Aiming to settle some of the long lasting questions regarding the artefacts while producing results which can further the discussion by raising new questions, previously unasked. Archaeological Science Archaeometallurgy Spade Shaped Iron Bars X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) Metallography Swedish Archaeology Archaeology in Norrland Scandinavian Iron Age Nordic Iron Age Roman Iron Age Migration Period Vendel Period Prehistoric Metallurgy Slag Iron Bar Currency Bar Bloomery Bloom Iron Bog Iron Limonite Mineral Iron Ores Hematite Magnetite Phosphoric Iron/Steel Prehistoric Steel Ferrite Pearlite Nickel Cobalt Phosphorus Arsenic Magnesium Sulfur Manganese Norrland Middle Norrland Uppland Gästrikland Hälsingland Medelpad Jämtland Södermanland Helgö Torsåker Gåcksätter Alborga Offerdal Selånger Villberga Arbrå Laborativ Arkeologi Arkeometallurgi Spadformiga Ämnesjärn Röntgenfluorescens (XRF) Svepelektronmikroskop (SEM) Metallografi Svensk Arkeologi Norrländsk Arkeologi Förnnordisk Arkeologi Skandinavisk Järnålder Nordisk Järnålder Fornnordisk Järnålder Romersk Järnålder Folkvandringstiden Vendeltiden Forhistorisk Metallurgi Slaget Ämnesjärn Blästerugn Blästa Myrmalm Sjömalm Limonit Bergmalm Hematit Magnetit Fosforisk Järn/Stål Förhistorisk Stål Ferrit Pearlit Nickel Kobolt Fosfor Arsen Magnesium Svavel Mangan Norrland Mellannorrland Uppland Gästrikland Hälsingland Medelpad Jämtland Södermanland Helgö Torsåker Gåcksätter Alborga Offerdal Selånger Villberga Arbrå Archaeology Arkeologi

Search results