The aim of this paper is to investigate and analyze practices in multilingual classrooms of mathematics in a compulsory school in Sweden where immigrant students have been known to succeed. The school is situated in a suburban and segregated area outside a major city where pupils come from mainly limited socio-economic backgrounds. The rate of second language learners are 70% of all pupils in this school. By using ethnographic methods, mainly interviews and participant observation, data was collected in four mathematics classrooms which corresponded to consecutive ages of education. The data include field notes and observation of artifacts in the environment as well as interviews and informal conversations with teachers and school leadership. Information from the school website, the authority in charge of quality in Swedish schools (Skolverket) and the municipality were also used. The analysis is based on a socio-political viewpoint that power is relational and reflected within schools. According to this idea the interplay between schools/teachers and the families/students can either support or resist the support of minority groups. The didactics of mathematics are studied through concepts such as intercultural leadership, social constructivism and scaffolding. The questions in focus are: 1) What is emphasized as functional didactics in mathematics for immigrant pupils? 2) What materials are used? 3) How are the pupils’ right to study their mother tongue and bilingual teaching being fulfilled and what attitudes are held towards bilingualism? 4) Which expectations are nurtured towards pupils and 5) How are children in need of support cared for? The findings indicate that a focus on linguistic dimensions in mathematics through the interplay between visual and practical experience builds up a didactic of a social-constructivist nature that has long been sought after in Swedish mathematics classrooms. This correlates with recent research which couples the linguistic approach to the building of a communicative reform-oriented discourse in school mathematics and shows that the success of immigrant students in classrooms of mathematics can be explained by: 1) a linguistic approach to mathematics 2) interplay in classrooms of mathematics between visual and practical materials and problem solving rarely focusing on textbooks, bringing about a didactics of a functional social-constructivist nature 3) a learning and problem solving organization where “Swedishness” (that is to say the Swedish way) is not the norm by which students are judged, including a positive approach to multilingualism 4) high expectations towards pupils and 5) teachers and the school leadership hold an inclusive approach to pupils who need support in learning compulsory school mathematics.

The purpose of this essay was to show the pupils as presenters from their own and their teachers’ perspective. This was done regarding presentations by studying and comparing the applicability of the two structuralist theories media ecology theory and structural semiotic theory. The theories were used as model bases, aimed to correspond to opinions and experiences of Swedish upper secondary school pupils. Through a didactic approach, I intended to find out how pupils’ relations to presentations differ depending on how they regard them. Focus was on if they thought of presentations as comprehensive experiences or found similar elements in mediated and unmediated presentation contexts. An empirical field study was accomplished through qualitative interviews with pupils and teachers. The word “presentation” was treated as a discourse since data showed that respondents included diverse meanings and functions in the word. The analysis was based on the qualitatively collected empirical data that were applied on my models. Constructionism functioned as theoretical framework. My study indicated that the discourse presentation needs to be investigated further.

The aim of this study is to explore how a number of transgender individuals with an autism diagnosis relate to contemporary discourses such as neurotypicality and gender binarism. To achieve this aim, the study applies the tools of discursive psychology in combination with qualitative interviews. The over-arching theoretical and methodological platform on which this study is based derives from a social constructivist perspective emanating in an analytical approach based on discourse psychology. The results show that the informants construct themselves and their surroundings in ways that are dependent on the various interpretative repertoires employed to justify identities seen as deviant. The informants characterise themselves in accordance with or in contrast to neurotypical stereotypes. Despite displaying differing reactions to a binary two-gender system, the informants give the impression that they, in various ways, accept this perception in constructing openness to their social surroundings. The choice between either conforming to a norm or being open about ones gender identity and diagnosis is constructed in relation to the stigma that the category of deviant implies. Being diagnosed with autism seems to inhibit the transformation of gender identity, but to ease the coming-out process of being transgender due to the low or non-existent expectations of their immediate surroundings.

Denna studie behandlar fallet Bosnien, specifikt kriget i Bosnien på 90-talet och syftar till att undersöka hur social konstruktion och identitetspolitik påverkade den enskilda individens samt användes som maktmedel i Fausta Marianovics berättelse från kriget. Jag har alltså undersökt Fausta Marianovics självbiografi med Kenneth J. Gergens syn på social konstruktivism och identitetspolitik som huvudsaklig teoretisk utgångspunkt och narrativ analys med hjälp av biografiforskning som metod. I denna studie är det inte möjligt att komma fram till någon definitiv sanning men resultaten visar att den sociala konstruktionen och identitetspolitiken speglas som en stor del i vad som hände i Bosnien utifrån Fausta Marianovics berättelse samt att hennes egen upplevelse också påverkades.

This study explores the bilateral relationship between the European Union (EU) and India amidst the critical juncture that has been the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February of 2022. The study was motivated by the simultaneous empirical and theoretical puzzle that was theseemingly continuous development of bilateral relations, albeit the differing positions of the EU and India in relation to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Through a content analysis, and a theoretical explanation with the use of two compatible hypotheses derived from Alexander Wendt’s Lockean and Kantian cultures of anarchy, the study analyzed documents, and a sample of statements, speeches and press releases, from the European Commission and India’s Ministry of External Affairs during the period of 2021-02-24 through 2023-11-13. The results of the study suggest that the development of EU-India relations have been characterized by a continuity, albeit the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, and the actors differing positions thereto. The continuity can, to a greater extent, be explained by the existence and reproduction of shared ideas derived from a Lockean cultural anarchy(hypothesis 1), and to a lesser extent by shared ideas derived from a Kantian cultural anarchy(hypothesis 2), which together however, have constituted the actions of the actors during the period of study, explaining the continuity of the relations. The results both confirm and challenge relevant previous studies, showcasing social structures of relevance using theory.

Titel: Alla våra samtal...- En vetenskaplig essä om kollegialt lärande, relationer och språk. Syftet med denna vetenskapliga essä är att undersöka kollegialt lärande, relationella perspektiv och språk inom fritidshemmet. Essän tar sin grund i berättelser från våra egna yrkeserfarenheter för att reflektera över vårt eget problematiska handlande. Detta för att finna verktyg för att hantera komplicerade samtal. De metoder vi använt för undersökningen är vetenskaplig essä och deltagande observation. I detta har vi tagit stöd av tre teoretiska perspektiv; kollegialt lärande, relationell pedagogik och social konstruktivism. Det vi kom fram till genom våra reflektioner var de positiva effekterna av kollegialt lärande, vikten av att arbeta med relationer inom kollegiet och språkets roll inom olika relationella konstellationer. / Title: All our conversations…- A scientific essay about collegial learning, relations and language. The purpose of this essay is to examine collegial learning, relational perspectives and language in the context of school-age educare. This essay is based on our own working experiences to be able to reflect over our own problematic behavior. The reason for this is to find tools to deal with complicated conversations. The methods we used to examine this are the writings of a scientific essay and a participant observation. To support this we have used three theoretical perspectives; collegial learning, relational pedagogy and social constructivism. Our conclusions are that through our reflections we could see the positive effects of collegial learning, the importance of working with relations in the college and the part language plays in different relational constellations.

Vilken grundläggande idé utgår vi ifrån när vi talar om förnuft och rationalitet och vilka konsekvenser får detta för synen på individen, individen i samhället samt individen i datasystemet? Uppsaten belyser problematik rörande den icke-situerade individen, vilken inte är en individ utan snarare en skenbar produkt utav homogena värderingar.

The aim of this paper is to document the development of a method for detectionand quantification of Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in soil using GasChromatography (GC) connected to a Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer (MS) via aninternal standard (CB189). The method developed is performed in conjunction withthe information provided by the Swedish environmental agency (Svenskanaturvårdsverket, SNV) in regards to PCB limits for sensitive land usage. The steps ofthe method and maintenance of the GC/MS are used to create a user manual andan attempt at transformative learning is done in an effort to teach the staff atLjungaLab AB so that at the very least, independent analysis can be run and at best,new methods and application are independently developed for the GC/MS. Anevaluation of the teaching efforts is also done to assess what grade of learning isachieved. / Syftet med denna uppsats är att dokumentera utvecklingen av en metod fördetektion och kvantifiering av polyklorerade bifenyler (PCB) i jord med hjälp avgaskromatografi (GC) ansluten till en masspektrometer (MS) och med användningav en intern standard (CB189). Metoden som utvecklats skapades med hjälp avuppgifter från det svenska naturvårdsverket (SNV) angående PCB-gränser för känsligmarkanvändning. Därefter skapades en användarmanual som beskriver stegen imetoden och även underhåll av GC/MS. Personalen på LjungaLab AB undervisadesi hur man använder och underhåller instrumenten för att, åtminstone, kunna köraoberoende analyser, och i bästa fall, utveckla nya metoder och tillämpningarsjälvständigt. Det sistnämda är ett försök till transformativ lärande. En utvärdering avlärarinsatser sker också för att bedöma vilken grad av lärande som uppnås.